Arnaud Rossard - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Arnaud Rossard

PLOS ONE, Sep 12, 2012

Measuring the affective state of an individual across species with comparable non-invasive method... more Measuring the affective state of an individual across species with comparable non-invasive methods is a current challenge in animal communication research. This study aims to explore to which extent affect intensity is conveyed in the vocal behaviours of three nonhuman primate species (Campbell's monkeys, De Brazza's monkeys, red-capped mangabeys), which vary in body size, ecological niche and social system. Similarly in the three species, we experimentally induced a change in captive social groups' affect by locking all group members together in their outside enclosure. The two experimental conditions which varied in affect intensity consisted in imposing a pre-reunion 90 mn-separation by splitting up the respective group into two subgroups (High affect condition) or not (Low affect condition). We measured call rates as well as voice features at the time of reunion in both conditions. The three studied species reacted in a very similar way. Across species, call rates changed significantly between the behaviourally defined states. Furthermore, contact call duration and, to some extent, voice pitch increased. Our results suggest, for the first time in arboreal Old World monkeys, that affect intensity is conveyed reliably in vocal behaviour and specific acoustic characteristics of voice, irrespective of body size and ecological niche differences between species. Cross-taxa similarities in acoustic cues of affect intensity point to phylogenetic constraints and inheritance from a common ancestor, whereas variations in vocal behaviour and affect intensity-related acoustic cues between species may be an adaptation to specific social requirements and depend on social systems. Our findings as well as a comparison with published works on acoustic communication in other vertebrate groups support the hypothesis that affect intensity in human voice originates from precursors already found deep inside the vertebrate phylogeny.

Resolución del Tribunal Evaluador  El PG puede aceptarse en su forma actual sin modificaciones. ... more Resolución del Tribunal Evaluador  El PG puede aceptarse en su forma actual sin modificaciones.  El PG puede aceptarse pero el/los alumno/s debería/n considerar las Observaciones sugeridas a continuación.  Rechazar debido a las Observaciones formuladas a continuación.

Scientific Reports, Jul 30, 2020

Sensitivity to recipient's attention and responsiveness are critical markers of intentional commu... more Sensitivity to recipient's attention and responsiveness are critical markers of intentional communication. Although previous research showed that ape gestures can be intentional, few studies have yet addressed this question concerning monkeys. Here, we characterise the effect of a recipient's presence, attentional state and responsiveness on the interspecific gestural communication of captive red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus). Previous reports showed that they produced learnt begging gestures towards a human recipient preferentially when the latter was facing them. We used here a novel setup that allows subjects to move around an experimenter and to use different modalities (visual and acoustic) to communicate. We found that when the recipient was not facing them, mangabeys moved to a position in the visual field of their recipient rather than using attention-getters. Interestingly, unlike apes, they did not elaborate their communication visually or acoustically when the experimenter did not respond favourably to their begging. However, our results may suggest that begging gestures were goal-directed, since mangabeys inhibited them when the experimenter was not available to answer immediately (i.e. give a reward). Overall, red-capped mangabeys' interspecific visual communication presented intentionality features, but their use of begging gestures was less flexible than that of great apes in similar situations. Intentionality of non-human primate communication is a key feature for the study of language origins 1,2. The first degree of intentionality, first formulated by Dennett 3 and studied in animal communication, corresponds to a signal voluntarily transmitted by a signaller toward a recipient in order to change the latter's behaviour 4,5 , the signaller choosing between different strategies to achieve its social goal 6. Behavioural indicators, mainly adapted from human developmental studies (e.g. 7), enable the assessment of the intentionality of a communication signal, notably by evaluating whether the signaller acts as if the signal is social-and goal-directed or not 8-10. Among these indicators, the social use of the signal, the sensitivity to and manipulation of recipient's attentional state, as well as the goal-dependent persistence and elaboration in signalling, are critical markers of intentional communication. Therefore, intentionality may be reflected by the effect that the presence and characteristics of a recipient may have on the communication, including the adaptation of the signaller to the recipient's attentional state or its understanding of the signal (e.g. 8-11). Studies addressing this topic on primate gestural communication have focussed mainly on apes, showing that their gestures can be intentional (see reviews: 5,12,13), while few studies focus on other non-human primate species 9,14. Intentionality markers accompanying non-human primates' gestural communication can be studied by observing intraspecific interactions (e.g. 15-20), however control of the recipient's behaviour cannot be applied practically in this context to evaluate rigorously the effects of different characteristics. Consequently, intentionality of non-human primate gestures is often investigated at an interspecific level through an experimental approach, using setups in which subjects produce learnt begging or pointing gestures directed towards a human, in order to obtain a food reward (e.g. 21-33).

American Journal of Primatology, Jun 14, 2013

Bimanual tasks have been repeatedly shown to elicit manual asymmetries supposed to reflect hemisp... more Bimanual tasks have been repeatedly shown to elicit manual asymmetries supposed to reflect hemispheric specialization. And yet, a coordinated bimanual task, the BOX task, appears to be inefficient in detecting biases of hand preferences. The BOX task involves two sequential actions requiring a precise grip, lift the lid of a box and grasp a small item inside the box (while holding the lid). In the present study, we compared manual laterality exhibited for the classic bimanual BOX task and for a unimanual BOX task in 11 De Brazza's monkeys (Cercopithecus neglectus) and 19 red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus). In addition, we assessed strategy use for solving the bimanual BOX task. We found that left-hand use for grasping the item was higher in the BOX-bimanual task than in the BOX-unimanual task. We propose that this increase in left-hand use for grasping the item results from both a hemispheric specialization for lifting the lid and an advantage in using a skillful strategy. Indeed, we revealed (1) group-level right biases for lifting the lid and (2) a complete differentiation between the roles of the two hands in subjects showing a left-hand preference for grasping the item. Finally, the bimanual BOX task showed age differences in the two species, either in manual laterality for grasping the item or in strategy use. This study provides additional evidence that manual laterality might be sensitive to maturational factors and characteristics of the bimanual tasks such as the order and the features of sequential actions. Am.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 12, 2012

International audienc

<p>Sonograms of the contact calls in the three studied species.</p

<p>Black bars represent minutes for which the number of vocalizations was significantly hig... more <p>Black bars represent minutes for which the number of vocalizations was significantly higher than the number of calls in the Low affect intensity condition (Mann-Whitney tests, p<0.05). Dotted lines represent mean call rates in each group in the Low affect intensity condition.</p

Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Aix-Marseille Université, Aug 12, 2012

International audienc

Journal of Comparative Psychology, 2013

In the last decade, the TUBE task has been repeatedly shown to be highly efficient in detecting m... more In the last decade, the TUBE task has been repeatedly shown to be highly efficient in detecting manual asymmetries that are strong hand preferences reflecting hemispheric specialization, in non human primates. The TUBE task was thus classified as a high-level task, presumably because it involves bimanual coordination. However, this task also requires a precise action made by digit(s), which may also be a crucial feature in eliciting manual asymmetries. In the present study, we compared hand preferences for a new TUBE-unimanual task and the classic TUBE-bimanual task, both performed mostly by using the forefinger, in 12 guenons (De Brazza&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s monkey: Cercopithecus neglectus) and 18 mangabeys (red-capped mangabey: Cercocebus torquatus). We found a relationship between hand preferences exhibited for the two tasks, suggesting that precise use of the forefinger may induce the activation of a specialized hemisphere in both the TUBE-unimanual and the TUBE-bimanual task. However, we showed that the strength of manual laterality was higher in the TUBE-bimanual task than in the TUBE-unimanual task, indicating that bimanual coordination may enhance the expression of hand preferences. We propose that the TUBE-bimanual task is highly efficient in detecting hemispheric specialization because bimanual role differentiation would make precise digit use highly skillful. Finally, we revealed species differences in hand use, especially in females: the most arboreal species, De Brazza&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s monkeys, increased left-hand use from the TUBE-unimanual to the TUBE-bimanual task whereas the most terrestrial species, red-capped mangabeys, increased right-hand use.

Scientific Reports

Yawn contagion (YC) is, compared to spontaneous yawning, an evolutionary recent phenomenon probab... more Yawn contagion (YC) is, compared to spontaneous yawning, an evolutionary recent phenomenon probably linked to behavioral synchronization in highly social species that is more likely when it involves familiar subjects. Here, we investigate for the first time in monkeys which factors modulate intra- and interspecific YC. Through an experimental approach, we exposed 17 red-capped mangabeys to video stimuli (Yawn vs Control) depicting familiar/unfamiliar red-capped mangabeys and humans, and unfamiliar hamadryas. We found that mangabeys yawned more often in response to Yawn than Control videos independently from the species depicted, demonstrating both intra- and interspecific YC in the tested species. Moreover, both mangabey and human familiar yawning stimuli evoked a stronger yawning response in the subjects compared to the unfamiliar counterparts. Neither the amount of time spent looking frontally at the screen (probability of stimulus perception) nor the levels of self-directed behav...

32ème Colloque de la Société Francophone De Primatologie, Oct 2, 2019

Introduction to the Teacher's Guide 2 Introduction: Process Writing 6 1 Pre-Writing: Getting ... more Introduction to the Teacher's Guide 2 Introduction: Process Writing 6 1 Pre-Writing: Getting Ready to Write 7 2 The Structure of a Paragraph 9 3 The Development of a Paragraph 11 4 Descriptive and Process Paragraphs 14 5 Opinion Paragraphs 17 6 Comparison / Contrast Paragraphs 20 7 Problem / Solution Paragraphs 23 8 The Structure of an Essay 26 9 Outlining an Essay 28 10 Introductions and Conclusions 30 11 Unity and Coherence 32 12 Essays for Examinations 35 Photocopiable Materials 37 Writing survey Peer feedback - paragraph Peer feedback - essay Paragraph evaluation form Essay evaluation form Error log chart Error code Error log exercises Error log exercises answer key iii

Scientific Reports

Sensitivity to recipient’s attention and responsiveness are critical markers of intentional commu... more Sensitivity to recipient’s attention and responsiveness are critical markers of intentional communication. Although previous research showed that ape gestures can be intentional, few studies have yet addressed this question concerning monkeys. Here, we characterise the effect of a recipient’s presence, attentional state and responsiveness on the interspecific gestural communication of captive red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus). Previous reports showed that they produced learnt begging gestures towards a human recipient preferentially when the latter was facing them. We used here a novel setup that allows subjects to move around an experimenter and to use different modalities (visual and acoustic) to communicate. We found that when the recipient was not facing them, mangabeys moved to a position in the visual field of their recipient rather than using attention-getters. Interestingly, unlike apes, they did not elaborate their communication visually or acoustically when the e...

PLoS ONE, 2012

American Journal of Primatology, 2013

Journal of Comparative Psychology, 2013

In the last decade, the TUBE task has been repeatedly shown to be highly efficient in detecting m... more In the last decade, the TUBE task has been repeatedly shown to be highly efficient in detecting manual asymmetries that are strong hand preferences reflecting hemispheric specialization, in non human primates. The TUBE task was thus classified as a high-level task, presumably because it involves bimanual coordination. However, this task also requires a precise action made by digit(s), which may also be a crucial feature in eliciting manual asymmetries. In the present study, we compared hand preferences for a new TUBEunimanual task and the classic TUBE-bimanual task, both performed mostly by using the forefinger, in 12 guenons (De Brazza's monkey: Cercopithecus neglectus) and 18 mangabeys (red-capped mangabey: Cercocebus torquatus). We found a relationship between hand preferences exhibited for the two tasks, suggesting that precise use of the forefinger may induce the activation of a specialized hemisphere in both the TUBE-unimanual and the TUBE-bimanual task. However, we showed that the strength of manual laterality was higher in the TUBE-bimanual task than in the TUBE-unimanual task, indicating that bimanual coordination may enhance the expression of hand preferences. We propose that the TUBE-bimanual task is highly efficient in detecting hemispheric specialization because bimanual role differentiation would make precise digit use highly skillful. Finally, we revealed species differences in hand use, especially in females: the most arboreal species, De Brazza's monkeys, increased left-hand use from the TUBE-unimanual to the TUBEbimanual task whereas the most terrestrial species, red-capped mangabeys, increased right-hand use. We thank Maxime Hervé for helpful advices on statistical issues. We are grateful to Cécile Schweitzer and Agathe Laurence for polishing the methodology for the classic TUBE task in guenons and mangabeys, respectively. We thank three anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions to improve the article.

PLOS ONE, Sep 12, 2012

Scientific Reports, Jul 30, 2020

American Journal of Primatology, Jun 14, 2013

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 12, 2012

International audienc

<p>Sonograms of the contact calls in the three studied species.</p

Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Aix-Marseille Université, Aug 12, 2012

International audienc

Journal of Comparative Psychology, 2013

Scientific Reports

32ème Colloque de la Société Francophone De Primatologie, Oct 2, 2019

Scientific Reports

PLoS ONE, 2012

American Journal of Primatology, 2013

Journal of Comparative Psychology, 2013

In the last decade, the TUBE task has been repeatedly shown to be highly efficient in detecting m... more In the last decade, the TUBE task has been repeatedly shown to be highly efficient in detecting manual asymmetries that are strong hand preferences reflecting hemispheric specialization, in non human primates. The TUBE task was thus classified as a high-level task, presumably because it involves bimanual coordination. However, this task also requires a precise action made by digit(s), which may also be a crucial feature in eliciting manual asymmetries. In the present study, we compared hand preferences for a new TUBEunimanual task and the classic TUBE-bimanual task, both performed mostly by using the forefinger, in 12 guenons (De Brazza's monkey: Cercopithecus neglectus) and 18 mangabeys (red-capped mangabey: Cercocebus torquatus). We found a relationship between hand preferences exhibited for the two tasks, suggesting that precise use of the forefinger may induce the activation of a specialized hemisphere in both the TUBE-unimanual and the TUBE-bimanual task. However, we showed that the strength of manual laterality was higher in the TUBE-bimanual task than in the TUBE-unimanual task, indicating that bimanual coordination may enhance the expression of hand preferences. We propose that the TUBE-bimanual task is highly efficient in detecting hemispheric specialization because bimanual role differentiation would make precise digit use highly skillful. Finally, we revealed species differences in hand use, especially in females: the most arboreal species, De Brazza's monkeys, increased left-hand use from the TUBE-unimanual to the TUBEbimanual task whereas the most terrestrial species, red-capped mangabeys, increased right-hand use. We thank Maxime Hervé for helpful advices on statistical issues. We are grateful to Cécile Schweitzer and Agathe Laurence for polishing the methodology for the classic TUBE task in guenons and mangabeys, respectively. We thank three anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions to improve the article.