Arne Skorstad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Arne Skorstad
Computing Center
CO2 storage capacity subject to geological uncertainty
Computational Geosciences
• Ten commandments of upscaling • Local upscaling • Meaning of permeability upscaling • Global upscaling
• Global upscaling results • Conclusion 1 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on... more • Global upscaling results • Conclusion 1 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on to irrelevant details 2 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on to irrelevant details 2. Thou shalt not throw away essential information 2 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on to irrelevant details 2. Thou shalt not throw away essential information 3. Thou shalt not resample 2 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on to irrelevant details 2. Thou shalt not throw away essential information 3. Thou shalt not resample
Petter Abrahamsen
COHIBA user manual
Petter Abrahamsen
COHIBA user manual —
Using Measurement Uncertainty to Calculate Reservoir Volumes and Reduce Risk in Prospects*
In this abstract, we explore how to better quantify the effect of uncertainties in reservoir stru... more In this abstract, we explore how to better quantify the effect of uncertainties in reservoir structure and overcome limitations of conventional interpretation workflows. These include generating just one model despite data supporting different interpretations; ambiguities in the seismic data; and difficulties in quantifying uncertainties in static reservoir properties, such as spatial description and volumes. As part of the new method, uncertainty information is collected and paired with an interpreted geologic feature, such as a horizon, fault or contact, thereby more accurately representing the data’s limitations and the interpreter’s vision for the geologic structure. Through measurement of these uncertainties, seismic interpreters can generate a suite of horizon and fault configurations to calculate probability distributions for static reservoir properties as well as provide more complete constraints on seismic amplitude modelling and inversion. In the initial interpretation sta...
Demonstrating Flexibility and Cost-Efficiency of Integrated Ensemble-Based Modeling – One Approach on Three Reservoirs
Day 2 Tue, November 16, 2021, 2021
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the value of an integrated ensemble-based modeling approa... more The aim of this study is to demonstrate the value of an integrated ensemble-based modeling approach for multiple reservoirs of varying complexity. Three different carbonate reservoirs are selected with varying challenges to showcase the flexibility of the approach to subsurface teams. Modeling uncertainties are included in both static and dynamic domains and valuable insights are attained in a short reservoir modeling cycle time. Integrated workflows are established with guidance from multi-disciplinary teams to incorporate recommended static and dynamic modeling processes in parallel to overcome the modeling challenges of the individual reservoirs. Challenges such as zonal communication, presence of baffles, high permeability streaks, communication from neighboring fields, water saturation modeling uncertainties, relative permeability with hysteresis, fluid contact depth shift etc. are considered when accounting for uncertainties. All the uncertainties in sedimentology, structure a...
80th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2018, 2018
When choosing which approach to take when doing facies modelling there has traditionally been a t... more When choosing which approach to take when doing facies modelling there has traditionally been a trade-off between geological realism and how much well data to incorporate into your model. If geological realism had the priority, the choices available typically are stochastic object-based modelling techniques. With an abundance of well data the choices have been pixel based algorithms, such as Indicator or Multi-Point Statistics, since object modelling has taken too long time to be able to correctly condition to the well data. Recently, we published a new object modelling algorithm that has significantly increased the well conditioning capability compared to previous methods. Here, we demonstrate this solution applied to a fluvial reservoir with meandering channels in the North Sea, where we obtain perfect well data conditioning for all four modelled facies, channel, levee, crevasse and background. The geological geometries that are needed to represent each of the facies are honoured, while still allowing for enough flexibility to condition to well data and maintaining their geological realistic shapes. With a significantly faster algorithm, the new facies object modelling solution again becomes relevant in any setting involving automatic generation of many realizations.
First Break, 2013
explain a new interpretation workflow that focuses on the measurement of uncertainty and combines... more explain a new interpretation workflow that focuses on the measurement of uncertainty and combines the interpretation and modelling phases. special topic
A Fast and Consistent Geostatistical Approach for Constraining 3D Structural Models to Horizontal Wells
Integrated Reservoir Modelling - Are we doing it right?, 2012
The use of horizontal well data in 3D reservoir modeling has become an increasingly important tas... more The use of horizontal well data in 3D reservoir modeling has become an increasingly important task as the use of horizontal wells has become common practice. Standard gridding approaches are based on the use of well picks to define the positions of stratigraphic surfaces along well bores. Horizontal wells however, are often drilled almost parallel to the stratigraphic layering so the number of horizons intersected along a horizontal well can be relatively few. Therefore, horizontal sections of the well can be used to constrain the structural position of reservoir zones. A robust, geostatistical approach has been developed to ensure consistent use of horizontal well data in the construction of 3D structural models. Kriging is used for prediction of surface location based on well picks and constraints obtained from zone logs along horizontal wells. In contrast to standard approaches, all well data (picks and constraints) from all surfaces are treated simultaneously and will have impact on all surfaces above and below. The geostatistical approach is fast and reproducible, and allows structural models to be updated continuously as new wells are drilled. The uncertainty can be evaluated by kriging error maps or by generating stochastic realizations that honor all the well data.
ECMOR X - 10th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery, 2006
Traditionally fault impact on fluid flow is included by assigning transmissibility multipliers to... more Traditionally fault impact on fluid flow is included by assigning transmissibility multipliers to flow simulation grid cell faces colocated with the fault plane (Manzocchi et al. 1999). A new method, called Fault Facies modelling (Tveranger et al. 2004, 2005), captures fault impact by considering faults as deformed rock volumes rather than simple planes. Architectures and petrophysical properties of these deformed volumes (i.e. fault zones) are linked to a range of factors such as lithology, host rock petrophysical properties, tectonic regime, orientation, magnitude, and distribution of stress, as well as the burial depth at the time of faulting. By understanding these links and identifying bounding values for distributions and parameters, fault zone architectures and properties, as well as uncertainties attached to these, can be forecasted. The fault facies approach allows 3D features such as anisotropic permeability fields, capillarity effects and tortuosity of flow paths inside the fault zone to be explicitly represented in the reservoir models. Furthermore, on the simulation grid scale, flow between cells on opposite sides of faults, as well as any uncertainty attached to this, can be estimated a priori rather than set deterministically a posteriori using history matching. The paper compares fluid flow behaviour of conventional transmissibility multipliertype fault property models and fault facies type models through a series of simple tests. The study demonstrates that the fault facies concept is a technically feasible methodology that represents an alternative or supplement to standard industrial fault modelling methods.
Volumetric modelling of faults
Faults commonly act as barriers or baffles in petroleum reservoirs, but may sometimes act as cond... more Faults commonly act as barriers or baffles in petroleum reservoirs, but may sometimes act as conduits for fluid flow. Understanding the properties of faults and fault zones, and properly capture them in reservoir models, is crucial for reliable forecasting of production performance and reservoir response. Outcrops show that faults on reservoir scale are volumetric elements, which can be described in terms of displacement and petrophysical alteration of a volume of host rock surrounding this displacement. Yet, conventional geological modeling tools, like HavanaTM (Hollund et al 2002), TransGenTM and others, represent fault zones as surfaces, and the impact of faults on fluid flow is included through transmissibility multipliers across fault surfaces, augmented with non-neighbor connections to represent ducts along fault surfaces, derived in an ad hoc, deterministic manner. The present work is part of the ongoing Fault Facies Project, (Tveranger et al. 2004, 2005a, 2005b), which aims ...
Flow through Inhomogeneous Fault Zones
All Days, 2007
Faults significantly influence fluid flow in reservoirs. In standard reservoir flow-simulator gri... more Faults significantly influence fluid flow in reservoirs. In standard reservoir flow-simulator grids, faults are represented as surfaces or planes. However, outcrop studies show that faults often must be regarded as volumetric elements. Inside such fault zones, the facies characteristics differ significantly from those in the rest of the reservoir. In a fault facies reservoir model faults are represented as volumes populated with facies with properties derived from their origin and faulting history. In this paper, we compare fluid flow performance of a fault facies model and a conventional fault model. The uncertainties attached to the fault zone properties and architecture included in the fault facies model produce a straightforward effect on the range of simulation outcomes and uncertainty of production parameters. In the conventional model, similar effects can only be reproduced ad hoc using poorly determined random fudge factors. We also look at the effect of upscaling the fault ...
Utilizando medidas de incertezas para cálculo de volumes de reservatórios e redução de riscos em prospectos
13th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 26–29 August 2013, 2013
This paper introduces a new method to quantify the effect of uncertainties in reservoir interpret... more This paper introduces a new method to quantify the effect of uncertainties in reservoir interpretation where, instead of generating a single model, interpreters can access a range of models and calculate probabilities for different outcomes. The new workflow overcomes many of the limitations of conventional interpretation workflows. We will provide an overview of the new uncertainty workflow ‐ from the new interpretation with uncertainty method through to building a structural model, applying fault uncertainty, and finally calculating the reservoir volumes and de-risking the prospect. The workflow will then be applied on seismic data from the Norwegian Continental Shelf to illustrate the effectiveness of the new workflow and its ability to calculate reservoir volumes and de-risk prospects.
Petroleum Geoscience, 2008
The differences in oil production are examined for a simulated waterflood of faulted and unfaulte... more The differences in oil production are examined for a simulated waterflood of faulted and unfaulted versions of synthetic shallow-marine reservoir models with a range of structural and sedimentological characteristics. Fault juxtaposition can reduce the economic value of the reservoirs by up to 30%, with the greatest losses observed in models with lower sedimentological aggradation angles and faults striking parallel to waterflood direction. Fault rock has a greater effect than fault juxtaposition on lowering the economic value of the reservoir models in the compartmentalized cases only-and only when the fault rock permeability model is based on the least permeable published laboratory data. Moderately sealing faults can increase the economic value of reservoirs except when the main flow direction is parallel to the faults. These results arise from the dependence of economic value on both sweep efficiency and production rate. Simple predictors of fault juxtaposition and fault-rock heterogeneity have been established and combined with twodimensional considerations from streamline theory in an attempt to capture quantitatively the change in economic reservoir value arising from faults. Despite limitations associated with the three-dimensional role of juxtaposition, the results are encouraging and represent a step towards establishing a rapid transportable predictor of the effects of faults on production.
Petroleum Geoscience, 2008
Estimates of recovery from oil fields are often found to be significantly in error, and the multi... more Estimates of recovery from oil fields are often found to be significantly in error, and the multidisciplinary SAIGUP modelling project has focused on the problem by assessing the influence of geological factors on production in a large suite of synthetic shallow-marine reservoir models. Over 400 progradational shallow-marine reservoirs, ranging from comparatively simple, parallel, wavedominated shorelines through to laterally heterogeneous, lobate, river-dominated systems with abundant low-angle clinoforms, were generated as a function of sedimentological input conditioned to natural data. These sedimentological models were combined with structural models sharing a common overall form but consisting of three different fault systems with variable fault density and fault permeability characteristics and a common unfaulted end-member. Different sets of relative permeability functions applied on a facies-by-facies basis were calculated as a function of different lamina-scale properties and upscaling algorithms to establish the uncertainty in production introduced through the upscaling process. Different fault-related upscaling assumptions were also included in some models. A waterflood production mechanism was simulated using up to five different sets of well locations, resulting in simulated production behaviour for over 35 000 full-field reservoir models. The model reservoirs are typical of many North Sea examples, with total production ranging from c. 15 10 6 m 3 to 35 10 6 m 3 , and recovery factors of between 30% and 55%. A variety of analytical methods were applied. Formal statistical methods quantified the relative influences of individual input parameters and parameter combinations on production measures. Various measures of reservoir heterogeneity were tested for their ability to discriminate reservoir performance. This paper gives a summary of the modelling and analyses described in more detail in the remainder of this thematic set of papers.
Fault facies modeling: Technique and approach for 3-D conditioning and modeling of faulted grids
AAPG Bulletin, 2008
... Anne Randi Syversveen is a senior research scientist at the Norwegian Computing Center. ... F... more ... Anne Randi Syversveen is a senior research scientist at the Norwegian Computing Center. ... For more details on lenses and fault rock membranes, see, eg, Gibbs (1984), Gabrielsen and Clausen (2001), Clausen et al. (2003), and Berg (2004), Kristensen et al. (2005). ...
Object-Based Modeling with Dense Well Data
Geostatistics Valencia 2016, 2017
Although object models are popular with geologists due to their ability to control the geometries... more Although object models are popular with geologists due to their ability to control the geometries that are produced, they tend to have convergence issues when conditioning on complex well patterns. In this paper, we present a new well conditioning algorithm that utilizes more local data when generating channels. We show that this algorithm performs better than the currently commercially available state-of-the-art object model and thus makes object models viable in modern mature field well settings.
Computing Center
CO2 storage capacity subject to geological uncertainty
Computational Geosciences
• Ten commandments of upscaling • Local upscaling • Meaning of permeability upscaling • Global upscaling
• Global upscaling results • Conclusion 1 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on... more • Global upscaling results • Conclusion 1 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on to irrelevant details 2 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on to irrelevant details 2. Thou shalt not throw away essential information 2 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on to irrelevant details 2. Thou shalt not throw away essential information 3. Thou shalt not resample 2 Ten commandments of upscaling 1. Thou shalt not hold on to irrelevant details 2. Thou shalt not throw away essential information 3. Thou shalt not resample
Petter Abrahamsen
COHIBA user manual
Petter Abrahamsen
COHIBA user manual —
Using Measurement Uncertainty to Calculate Reservoir Volumes and Reduce Risk in Prospects*
In this abstract, we explore how to better quantify the effect of uncertainties in reservoir stru... more In this abstract, we explore how to better quantify the effect of uncertainties in reservoir structure and overcome limitations of conventional interpretation workflows. These include generating just one model despite data supporting different interpretations; ambiguities in the seismic data; and difficulties in quantifying uncertainties in static reservoir properties, such as spatial description and volumes. As part of the new method, uncertainty information is collected and paired with an interpreted geologic feature, such as a horizon, fault or contact, thereby more accurately representing the data’s limitations and the interpreter’s vision for the geologic structure. Through measurement of these uncertainties, seismic interpreters can generate a suite of horizon and fault configurations to calculate probability distributions for static reservoir properties as well as provide more complete constraints on seismic amplitude modelling and inversion. In the initial interpretation sta...
Demonstrating Flexibility and Cost-Efficiency of Integrated Ensemble-Based Modeling – One Approach on Three Reservoirs
Day 2 Tue, November 16, 2021, 2021
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the value of an integrated ensemble-based modeling approa... more The aim of this study is to demonstrate the value of an integrated ensemble-based modeling approach for multiple reservoirs of varying complexity. Three different carbonate reservoirs are selected with varying challenges to showcase the flexibility of the approach to subsurface teams. Modeling uncertainties are included in both static and dynamic domains and valuable insights are attained in a short reservoir modeling cycle time. Integrated workflows are established with guidance from multi-disciplinary teams to incorporate recommended static and dynamic modeling processes in parallel to overcome the modeling challenges of the individual reservoirs. Challenges such as zonal communication, presence of baffles, high permeability streaks, communication from neighboring fields, water saturation modeling uncertainties, relative permeability with hysteresis, fluid contact depth shift etc. are considered when accounting for uncertainties. All the uncertainties in sedimentology, structure a...
80th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2018, 2018
When choosing which approach to take when doing facies modelling there has traditionally been a t... more When choosing which approach to take when doing facies modelling there has traditionally been a trade-off between geological realism and how much well data to incorporate into your model. If geological realism had the priority, the choices available typically are stochastic object-based modelling techniques. With an abundance of well data the choices have been pixel based algorithms, such as Indicator or Multi-Point Statistics, since object modelling has taken too long time to be able to correctly condition to the well data. Recently, we published a new object modelling algorithm that has significantly increased the well conditioning capability compared to previous methods. Here, we demonstrate this solution applied to a fluvial reservoir with meandering channels in the North Sea, where we obtain perfect well data conditioning for all four modelled facies, channel, levee, crevasse and background. The geological geometries that are needed to represent each of the facies are honoured, while still allowing for enough flexibility to condition to well data and maintaining their geological realistic shapes. With a significantly faster algorithm, the new facies object modelling solution again becomes relevant in any setting involving automatic generation of many realizations.
First Break, 2013
explain a new interpretation workflow that focuses on the measurement of uncertainty and combines... more explain a new interpretation workflow that focuses on the measurement of uncertainty and combines the interpretation and modelling phases. special topic
A Fast and Consistent Geostatistical Approach for Constraining 3D Structural Models to Horizontal Wells
Integrated Reservoir Modelling - Are we doing it right?, 2012
The use of horizontal well data in 3D reservoir modeling has become an increasingly important tas... more The use of horizontal well data in 3D reservoir modeling has become an increasingly important task as the use of horizontal wells has become common practice. Standard gridding approaches are based on the use of well picks to define the positions of stratigraphic surfaces along well bores. Horizontal wells however, are often drilled almost parallel to the stratigraphic layering so the number of horizons intersected along a horizontal well can be relatively few. Therefore, horizontal sections of the well can be used to constrain the structural position of reservoir zones. A robust, geostatistical approach has been developed to ensure consistent use of horizontal well data in the construction of 3D structural models. Kriging is used for prediction of surface location based on well picks and constraints obtained from zone logs along horizontal wells. In contrast to standard approaches, all well data (picks and constraints) from all surfaces are treated simultaneously and will have impact on all surfaces above and below. The geostatistical approach is fast and reproducible, and allows structural models to be updated continuously as new wells are drilled. The uncertainty can be evaluated by kriging error maps or by generating stochastic realizations that honor all the well data.
ECMOR X - 10th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery, 2006
Traditionally fault impact on fluid flow is included by assigning transmissibility multipliers to... more Traditionally fault impact on fluid flow is included by assigning transmissibility multipliers to flow simulation grid cell faces colocated with the fault plane (Manzocchi et al. 1999). A new method, called Fault Facies modelling (Tveranger et al. 2004, 2005), captures fault impact by considering faults as deformed rock volumes rather than simple planes. Architectures and petrophysical properties of these deformed volumes (i.e. fault zones) are linked to a range of factors such as lithology, host rock petrophysical properties, tectonic regime, orientation, magnitude, and distribution of stress, as well as the burial depth at the time of faulting. By understanding these links and identifying bounding values for distributions and parameters, fault zone architectures and properties, as well as uncertainties attached to these, can be forecasted. The fault facies approach allows 3D features such as anisotropic permeability fields, capillarity effects and tortuosity of flow paths inside the fault zone to be explicitly represented in the reservoir models. Furthermore, on the simulation grid scale, flow between cells on opposite sides of faults, as well as any uncertainty attached to this, can be estimated a priori rather than set deterministically a posteriori using history matching. The paper compares fluid flow behaviour of conventional transmissibility multipliertype fault property models and fault facies type models through a series of simple tests. The study demonstrates that the fault facies concept is a technically feasible methodology that represents an alternative or supplement to standard industrial fault modelling methods.
Volumetric modelling of faults
Faults commonly act as barriers or baffles in petroleum reservoirs, but may sometimes act as cond... more Faults commonly act as barriers or baffles in petroleum reservoirs, but may sometimes act as conduits for fluid flow. Understanding the properties of faults and fault zones, and properly capture them in reservoir models, is crucial for reliable forecasting of production performance and reservoir response. Outcrops show that faults on reservoir scale are volumetric elements, which can be described in terms of displacement and petrophysical alteration of a volume of host rock surrounding this displacement. Yet, conventional geological modeling tools, like HavanaTM (Hollund et al 2002), TransGenTM and others, represent fault zones as surfaces, and the impact of faults on fluid flow is included through transmissibility multipliers across fault surfaces, augmented with non-neighbor connections to represent ducts along fault surfaces, derived in an ad hoc, deterministic manner. The present work is part of the ongoing Fault Facies Project, (Tveranger et al. 2004, 2005a, 2005b), which aims ...
Flow through Inhomogeneous Fault Zones
All Days, 2007
Faults significantly influence fluid flow in reservoirs. In standard reservoir flow-simulator gri... more Faults significantly influence fluid flow in reservoirs. In standard reservoir flow-simulator grids, faults are represented as surfaces or planes. However, outcrop studies show that faults often must be regarded as volumetric elements. Inside such fault zones, the facies characteristics differ significantly from those in the rest of the reservoir. In a fault facies reservoir model faults are represented as volumes populated with facies with properties derived from their origin and faulting history. In this paper, we compare fluid flow performance of a fault facies model and a conventional fault model. The uncertainties attached to the fault zone properties and architecture included in the fault facies model produce a straightforward effect on the range of simulation outcomes and uncertainty of production parameters. In the conventional model, similar effects can only be reproduced ad hoc using poorly determined random fudge factors. We also look at the effect of upscaling the fault ...
Utilizando medidas de incertezas para cálculo de volumes de reservatórios e redução de riscos em prospectos
13th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 26–29 August 2013, 2013
This paper introduces a new method to quantify the effect of uncertainties in reservoir interpret... more This paper introduces a new method to quantify the effect of uncertainties in reservoir interpretation where, instead of generating a single model, interpreters can access a range of models and calculate probabilities for different outcomes. The new workflow overcomes many of the limitations of conventional interpretation workflows. We will provide an overview of the new uncertainty workflow ‐ from the new interpretation with uncertainty method through to building a structural model, applying fault uncertainty, and finally calculating the reservoir volumes and de-risking the prospect. The workflow will then be applied on seismic data from the Norwegian Continental Shelf to illustrate the effectiveness of the new workflow and its ability to calculate reservoir volumes and de-risk prospects.
Petroleum Geoscience, 2008
The differences in oil production are examined for a simulated waterflood of faulted and unfaulte... more The differences in oil production are examined for a simulated waterflood of faulted and unfaulted versions of synthetic shallow-marine reservoir models with a range of structural and sedimentological characteristics. Fault juxtaposition can reduce the economic value of the reservoirs by up to 30%, with the greatest losses observed in models with lower sedimentological aggradation angles and faults striking parallel to waterflood direction. Fault rock has a greater effect than fault juxtaposition on lowering the economic value of the reservoir models in the compartmentalized cases only-and only when the fault rock permeability model is based on the least permeable published laboratory data. Moderately sealing faults can increase the economic value of reservoirs except when the main flow direction is parallel to the faults. These results arise from the dependence of economic value on both sweep efficiency and production rate. Simple predictors of fault juxtaposition and fault-rock heterogeneity have been established and combined with twodimensional considerations from streamline theory in an attempt to capture quantitatively the change in economic reservoir value arising from faults. Despite limitations associated with the three-dimensional role of juxtaposition, the results are encouraging and represent a step towards establishing a rapid transportable predictor of the effects of faults on production.
Petroleum Geoscience, 2008
Estimates of recovery from oil fields are often found to be significantly in error, and the multi... more Estimates of recovery from oil fields are often found to be significantly in error, and the multidisciplinary SAIGUP modelling project has focused on the problem by assessing the influence of geological factors on production in a large suite of synthetic shallow-marine reservoir models. Over 400 progradational shallow-marine reservoirs, ranging from comparatively simple, parallel, wavedominated shorelines through to laterally heterogeneous, lobate, river-dominated systems with abundant low-angle clinoforms, were generated as a function of sedimentological input conditioned to natural data. These sedimentological models were combined with structural models sharing a common overall form but consisting of three different fault systems with variable fault density and fault permeability characteristics and a common unfaulted end-member. Different sets of relative permeability functions applied on a facies-by-facies basis were calculated as a function of different lamina-scale properties and upscaling algorithms to establish the uncertainty in production introduced through the upscaling process. Different fault-related upscaling assumptions were also included in some models. A waterflood production mechanism was simulated using up to five different sets of well locations, resulting in simulated production behaviour for over 35 000 full-field reservoir models. The model reservoirs are typical of many North Sea examples, with total production ranging from c. 15 10 6 m 3 to 35 10 6 m 3 , and recovery factors of between 30% and 55%. A variety of analytical methods were applied. Formal statistical methods quantified the relative influences of individual input parameters and parameter combinations on production measures. Various measures of reservoir heterogeneity were tested for their ability to discriminate reservoir performance. This paper gives a summary of the modelling and analyses described in more detail in the remainder of this thematic set of papers.
Fault facies modeling: Technique and approach for 3-D conditioning and modeling of faulted grids
AAPG Bulletin, 2008
... Anne Randi Syversveen is a senior research scientist at the Norwegian Computing Center. ... F... more ... Anne Randi Syversveen is a senior research scientist at the Norwegian Computing Center. ... For more details on lenses and fault rock membranes, see, eg, Gibbs (1984), Gabrielsen and Clausen (2001), Clausen et al. (2003), and Berg (2004), Kristensen et al. (2005). ...
Object-Based Modeling with Dense Well Data
Geostatistics Valencia 2016, 2017
Although object models are popular with geologists due to their ability to control the geometries... more Although object models are popular with geologists due to their ability to control the geometries that are produced, they tend to have convergence issues when conditioning on complex well patterns. In this paper, we present a new well conditioning algorithm that utilizes more local data when generating channels. We show that this algorithm performs better than the currently commercially available state-of-the-art object model and thus makes object models viable in modern mature field well settings.