Ian Arnott - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ian Arnott
Advances in hospitality, tourism and the services industry (AHTSI) book series, Jun 24, 2022
One of the first things that anyone looking to enter the events industry needs to know is just wh... more One of the first things that anyone looking to enter the events industry needs to know is just what it is and that it is an incredibly varied grouping of many bodies, organisations, businesses, and individuals (with freelancers making up a large part of the workforce, as is the case with other creative industries). Fashion, sport, music, product launches, experiential, and trade events involve different organisers who will ordinarily (the COVID-19 lockdown has challenged that, with online sharing of ideas, issues, and knowledge occurring like never before) not often talk to each other. As an events junkie, the author can learn a lot and gain interest from talking to almost anyone who delivers any aspect of an event, but it's not something that happens on a regular basis. Outdoor event organisers do not routinely talk to indoor event organisers, nor would the organiser of an outdoor sporting event necessarily exchange ideas or move in the same circles as the promoter of an outdoor music festival.
Employability and Skills Development in the Sports, Events, and Hospitality Industry
One of the first things that anyone looking to enter the events industry needs to know is just wh... more One of the first things that anyone looking to enter the events industry needs to know is just what it is and that it is an incredibly varied grouping of many bodies, organisations, businesses, and individuals (with freelancers making up a large part of the workforce, as is the case with other creative industries). Fashion, sport, music, product launches, experiential, and trade events involve different organisers who will ordinarily (the COVID-19 lockdown has challenged that, with online sharing of ideas, issues, and knowledge occurring like never before) not often talk to each other. As an events junkie, the author can learn a lot and gain interest from talking to almost anyone who delivers any aspect of an event, but it's not something that happens on a regular basis. Outdoor event organisers do not routinely talk to indoor event organisers, nor would the organiser of an outdoor sporting event necessarily exchange ideas or move in the same circles as the promoter of an outdoo...
Frontline Gastroenterology, 2012
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming more common in children. While treatment ... more Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming more common in children. While treatment options remain limited the appropriate organisation and delivery of services are an integral part of good care. Methods All eligible UK paediatric sites were invited to submit data for organisation of paediatric IBD services as of 1 September 2010. Comparison, when relevant, was made with the previous paediatric audit (2008) and the concurrently running adult audit. Results 24/25 (96%) of sites submitted data. The median number of patients managed and the median number of new IBD (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease only) cases per annum was 178 (IQR 136-281) and 32 (IQR 23-50), respectively. There was an increase in the IBD workforce including whole-time equivalent (WTE) IBD nurses (1.0 vs 1.5 WTE nurses, p=0.02). 1023 patients 16 years and younger were looked after in the 202 adult sites who submitted data; only 78/202 sites indicated they cared for 16-year-old and younger children; approximately half of these 78 sites had ageappropriate support facilities. Most paediatric sites have access to urgent endoscopy (83%), telephone advice (100%) and urgent clinic appointments (91%). Most sites did not have: shared care pathways with primary care (74%), annual reviews (71%), real time patient management systems (83%) and research network trial participation (78%). Conclusions Many aspects of paediatric IBD care in the UK are good and have shown significant improvement over recent years. There are areas in need of further change and specific regional and national action plans should address identified deficiencies before any future audit of paediatric and adult IBD services.
Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increas... more Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increased funding more professionals are needed to understand what attracts sports consumers to what is seen as a gruelling but enjoyable multi sports event. For affective marketing and event management, practioners need to understand more and more what decisions are made when the sports consumer makes a choice for a particular sports event. This study is focused at the National Governing Body for the sport of Triathlon in the United Kingdom and also the Regional/ local event managers and marketers. Drawing upon marketing and consumer behaviour literature, the primary aim of this research was to investigate from the consumer perspective how their internal variables during the decision making process of consumer behaviour affects the selection of sports event, namely triathlon. To establish this information, data was drawn upon previous participants of a triathlon event, then a further investigation into what decisions were made from triathlon consumer's perspective when selecting an event. A self administered piloted questionnaire was done in January (2005) with twelve active local triathletes. A further 60 were then posted and electronically mailed to previous participants of a Triathlon event 2005 at the end of January (2005). The consumer's abilities ranged from the recreational participant through to the elite athlete and the questionnaire contained eighteen questions incorporating a variety of ordinal and nominal questions as well as likert scale questions. The questionnaires were both returned electronically and by post. The response rate was fairly high at 92% (n=55), respondents represented the sample frame representing a cross section of gender, age and abilities. The quantitative data was analysed via SPSS 13.0 which is a statistical package. This revealed a variety of statistical results of approximately twenty with statistical findings (P<0.05).). Event selection was made from athletes' experiences from internal factors of what they held in memory to what they wished to achieve in the sport. Interestingly enough, all the respondents came from one of the three disciplines in the sport.
The Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientationsin a Dynamic Business World, 2017
Questions could be had that there should be an increased focus in the area of marketing communica... more Questions could be had that there should be an increased focus in the area of marketing communications of sports development initiatives within the public sector to its consumers. Drawing upon marketing theory and sports marketing literature the research argued on how some of the tools and variables that make up marketing communications such as the marketing mix (product, price, place, and promotion) work in harmonization with the promotional mix? Also as to how they sway the consumer's decision when consuming various types of development initiatives to increase participation in sport. Previous research (Westerbeck & Shilbury, 1999) has looked at what impact the marketing mix has had in the way of facility lead marketing and there was also some tenuous links by Schiender & Bradish, (2006) to that of place as a means of the distribution of the sports development initiatives. However this was one element of the marketing mix and not how all the variables could or worked in harmonization with each other or more in importantly the psycho-graphical affect upon increasing participation in sport as the sport development initiative does. Many would argue (Houlihan, 1997; Thomas, 2000) that there has been a non-interventionism approach to the development of sports which is reinforced by Green & Houlihan, (2006) who referred to it in the UK as it more like a "piece meal approach" or unstructured (Houlihan, 1997).
Legal, Safety, and Environmental Challenges for Event Management, 2020
Risk management is a key requirement in the events industry today. All elements in event delivery... more Risk management is a key requirement in the events industry today. All elements in event delivery have to be considered in the decision to deliver the event during the planning phase, and this information has to be shared with all the stakeholders so that they are able to input it to the document. The chapter highlights useful models such the EMBOK and also the five-step process to enable both practitioners and those wishing to gain a greater knowledge and understanding on what can potentially be a complex area. This is further supported with a body of knowledge of those who have written in the area and support some the ideas that have been presented.
Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increas... more Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increased funding more professionals are needed to understand what attracts sports consumers to what is seen as a gruelling but enjoyable multi sports event. For affective marketing and event management, practioners need to understand more and more what decisions are made when the sports consumer makes a choice for a particular sports event. This study is focused at the National Governing Body for the sport of Triathlon in the United Kingdom and also the Regional / local event managers and marketers. Drawing upon marketing and consumer behaviour literature, the primary aim of this research was to investigate from the consumer perspective how their internal variables during the decision making process of consumer behaviour affects the selection of sports event, namely triathlon. To establish this information, data was drawn upon previous participants of a triathlon event, then a further investig...
Legal, Safety, and Environmental Challenges for Event Management
Health and safety in events management is essential and needs to be undertaken and understood bot... more Health and safety in events management is essential and needs to be undertaken and understood both at a practitioner level as well as academically. The subject area has created a lot of interest due to the various case studies of events that have received attention due to, in some cases, poor practices leading to substantial media and public awareness. Therefore, its management needs to be seen as a priority and an area that needs to be understood greatly. The aim of health and safety management is to ensure that all the participants and attendees, as well as those affected by an event, are protected from threats to their health and safety.
International Business Research, 2009
Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increas... more Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increased funding more professionals are needed to understand what attracts sports consumers to what is seen as a gruelling but enjoyable multi sports event.
International Business Research, 2009
Sports all over the world have evolved considerably over the last two decades due to their increa... more Sports all over the world have evolved considerably over the last two decades due to their increased popularity through various marketing communication channels and the mass media coverage.
International Business Research, 2009
United Kingdom local authority leisure facilities are beginning to move into a developing era of ... more United Kingdom local authority leisure facilities are beginning to move into a developing era of demand by the consumption of those who wish to use it due to the promotion of a healthier lifestyle. Because of this there is an increasing demand for those facilities to compete with private and not-profit organisations who have experienced and trained marketing departments to attract and publicise their products and services to the consumers out there. Therefore to stay in the market place and compete with the different sectors of the leisure provider a clearer understanding of the consumer base needs to be understood.
International Business Research, 2009
Many scholars have attempted to apply various theories in the field of sport (Bordieu, 1984 & Bra... more Many scholars have attempted to apply various theories in the field of sport (Bordieu, 1984 & Brainer 2007). This particular area looks at the relationship between Marxism to the sociology of sport and how it has influenced societal structures as well as the impact it has had on the economy. Though these theories are useful on exploring the general nature of sport, questions may be raised on have they influenced the way sports is managed today also? It is widely accepted that management theories have been influenced by industry and that many scholars have used Marxism and feminist approaches to form some sort of construct of this. However does one or two apply to all? And are they appropriate to areas such as the service industry that sport falls in too? This paper attempts to look at how Marxism may have had some influence on sports management through capitalists, masculinity and power and the weld it has had on females developing in such a field because of its deeply held roots. ...
Advances in hospitality, tourism and the services industry (AHTSI) book series, Jun 24, 2022
One of the first things that anyone looking to enter the events industry needs to know is just wh... more One of the first things that anyone looking to enter the events industry needs to know is just what it is and that it is an incredibly varied grouping of many bodies, organisations, businesses, and individuals (with freelancers making up a large part of the workforce, as is the case with other creative industries). Fashion, sport, music, product launches, experiential, and trade events involve different organisers who will ordinarily (the COVID-19 lockdown has challenged that, with online sharing of ideas, issues, and knowledge occurring like never before) not often talk to each other. As an events junkie, the author can learn a lot and gain interest from talking to almost anyone who delivers any aspect of an event, but it's not something that happens on a regular basis. Outdoor event organisers do not routinely talk to indoor event organisers, nor would the organiser of an outdoor sporting event necessarily exchange ideas or move in the same circles as the promoter of an outdoor music festival.
Employability and Skills Development in the Sports, Events, and Hospitality Industry
One of the first things that anyone looking to enter the events industry needs to know is just wh... more One of the first things that anyone looking to enter the events industry needs to know is just what it is and that it is an incredibly varied grouping of many bodies, organisations, businesses, and individuals (with freelancers making up a large part of the workforce, as is the case with other creative industries). Fashion, sport, music, product launches, experiential, and trade events involve different organisers who will ordinarily (the COVID-19 lockdown has challenged that, with online sharing of ideas, issues, and knowledge occurring like never before) not often talk to each other. As an events junkie, the author can learn a lot and gain interest from talking to almost anyone who delivers any aspect of an event, but it's not something that happens on a regular basis. Outdoor event organisers do not routinely talk to indoor event organisers, nor would the organiser of an outdoor sporting event necessarily exchange ideas or move in the same circles as the promoter of an outdoo...
Frontline Gastroenterology, 2012
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming more common in children. While treatment ... more Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming more common in children. While treatment options remain limited the appropriate organisation and delivery of services are an integral part of good care. Methods All eligible UK paediatric sites were invited to submit data for organisation of paediatric IBD services as of 1 September 2010. Comparison, when relevant, was made with the previous paediatric audit (2008) and the concurrently running adult audit. Results 24/25 (96%) of sites submitted data. The median number of patients managed and the median number of new IBD (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease only) cases per annum was 178 (IQR 136-281) and 32 (IQR 23-50), respectively. There was an increase in the IBD workforce including whole-time equivalent (WTE) IBD nurses (1.0 vs 1.5 WTE nurses, p=0.02). 1023 patients 16 years and younger were looked after in the 202 adult sites who submitted data; only 78/202 sites indicated they cared for 16-year-old and younger children; approximately half of these 78 sites had ageappropriate support facilities. Most paediatric sites have access to urgent endoscopy (83%), telephone advice (100%) and urgent clinic appointments (91%). Most sites did not have: shared care pathways with primary care (74%), annual reviews (71%), real time patient management systems (83%) and research network trial participation (78%). Conclusions Many aspects of paediatric IBD care in the UK are good and have shown significant improvement over recent years. There are areas in need of further change and specific regional and national action plans should address identified deficiencies before any future audit of paediatric and adult IBD services.
Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increas... more Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increased funding more professionals are needed to understand what attracts sports consumers to what is seen as a gruelling but enjoyable multi sports event. For affective marketing and event management, practioners need to understand more and more what decisions are made when the sports consumer makes a choice for a particular sports event. This study is focused at the National Governing Body for the sport of Triathlon in the United Kingdom and also the Regional/ local event managers and marketers. Drawing upon marketing and consumer behaviour literature, the primary aim of this research was to investigate from the consumer perspective how their internal variables during the decision making process of consumer behaviour affects the selection of sports event, namely triathlon. To establish this information, data was drawn upon previous participants of a triathlon event, then a further investigation into what decisions were made from triathlon consumer's perspective when selecting an event. A self administered piloted questionnaire was done in January (2005) with twelve active local triathletes. A further 60 were then posted and electronically mailed to previous participants of a Triathlon event 2005 at the end of January (2005). The consumer's abilities ranged from the recreational participant through to the elite athlete and the questionnaire contained eighteen questions incorporating a variety of ordinal and nominal questions as well as likert scale questions. The questionnaires were both returned electronically and by post. The response rate was fairly high at 92% (n=55), respondents represented the sample frame representing a cross section of gender, age and abilities. The quantitative data was analysed via SPSS 13.0 which is a statistical package. This revealed a variety of statistical results of approximately twenty with statistical findings (P<0.05).). Event selection was made from athletes' experiences from internal factors of what they held in memory to what they wished to achieve in the sport. Interestingly enough, all the respondents came from one of the three disciplines in the sport.
The Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientationsin a Dynamic Business World, 2017
Questions could be had that there should be an increased focus in the area of marketing communica... more Questions could be had that there should be an increased focus in the area of marketing communications of sports development initiatives within the public sector to its consumers. Drawing upon marketing theory and sports marketing literature the research argued on how some of the tools and variables that make up marketing communications such as the marketing mix (product, price, place, and promotion) work in harmonization with the promotional mix? Also as to how they sway the consumer's decision when consuming various types of development initiatives to increase participation in sport. Previous research (Westerbeck & Shilbury, 1999) has looked at what impact the marketing mix has had in the way of facility lead marketing and there was also some tenuous links by Schiender & Bradish, (2006) to that of place as a means of the distribution of the sports development initiatives. However this was one element of the marketing mix and not how all the variables could or worked in harmonization with each other or more in importantly the psycho-graphical affect upon increasing participation in sport as the sport development initiative does. Many would argue (Houlihan, 1997; Thomas, 2000) that there has been a non-interventionism approach to the development of sports which is reinforced by Green & Houlihan, (2006) who referred to it in the UK as it more like a "piece meal approach" or unstructured (Houlihan, 1997).
Legal, Safety, and Environmental Challenges for Event Management, 2020
Risk management is a key requirement in the events industry today. All elements in event delivery... more Risk management is a key requirement in the events industry today. All elements in event delivery have to be considered in the decision to deliver the event during the planning phase, and this information has to be shared with all the stakeholders so that they are able to input it to the document. The chapter highlights useful models such the EMBOK and also the five-step process to enable both practitioners and those wishing to gain a greater knowledge and understanding on what can potentially be a complex area. This is further supported with a body of knowledge of those who have written in the area and support some the ideas that have been presented.
Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increas... more Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increased funding more professionals are needed to understand what attracts sports consumers to what is seen as a gruelling but enjoyable multi sports event. For affective marketing and event management, practioners need to understand more and more what decisions are made when the sports consumer makes a choice for a particular sports event. This study is focused at the National Governing Body for the sport of Triathlon in the United Kingdom and also the Regional / local event managers and marketers. Drawing upon marketing and consumer behaviour literature, the primary aim of this research was to investigate from the consumer perspective how their internal variables during the decision making process of consumer behaviour affects the selection of sports event, namely triathlon. To establish this information, data was drawn upon previous participants of a triathlon event, then a further investig...
Legal, Safety, and Environmental Challenges for Event Management
Health and safety in events management is essential and needs to be undertaken and understood bot... more Health and safety in events management is essential and needs to be undertaken and understood both at a practitioner level as well as academically. The subject area has created a lot of interest due to the various case studies of events that have received attention due to, in some cases, poor practices leading to substantial media and public awareness. Therefore, its management needs to be seen as a priority and an area that needs to be understood greatly. The aim of health and safety management is to ensure that all the participants and attendees, as well as those affected by an event, are protected from threats to their health and safety.
International Business Research, 2009
Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increas... more Triathlons and their events are in a new era in the consumption of sport. Because of this increased funding more professionals are needed to understand what attracts sports consumers to what is seen as a gruelling but enjoyable multi sports event.
International Business Research, 2009
Sports all over the world have evolved considerably over the last two decades due to their increa... more Sports all over the world have evolved considerably over the last two decades due to their increased popularity through various marketing communication channels and the mass media coverage.
International Business Research, 2009
United Kingdom local authority leisure facilities are beginning to move into a developing era of ... more United Kingdom local authority leisure facilities are beginning to move into a developing era of demand by the consumption of those who wish to use it due to the promotion of a healthier lifestyle. Because of this there is an increasing demand for those facilities to compete with private and not-profit organisations who have experienced and trained marketing departments to attract and publicise their products and services to the consumers out there. Therefore to stay in the market place and compete with the different sectors of the leisure provider a clearer understanding of the consumer base needs to be understood.
International Business Research, 2009
Many scholars have attempted to apply various theories in the field of sport (Bordieu, 1984 & Bra... more Many scholars have attempted to apply various theories in the field of sport (Bordieu, 1984 & Brainer 2007). This particular area looks at the relationship between Marxism to the sociology of sport and how it has influenced societal structures as well as the impact it has had on the economy. Though these theories are useful on exploring the general nature of sport, questions may be raised on have they influenced the way sports is managed today also? It is widely accepted that management theories have been influenced by industry and that many scholars have used Marxism and feminist approaches to form some sort of construct of this. However does one or two apply to all? And are they appropriate to areas such as the service industry that sport falls in too? This paper attempts to look at how Marxism may have had some influence on sports management through capitalists, masculinity and power and the weld it has had on females developing in such a field because of its deeply held roots. ...