Arturs Purvins - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Arturs Purvins
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2013
One of the main challenges that Europe has to face is to ensure the swift deployment of renewable... more One of the main challenges that Europe has to face is to ensure the swift deployment of renewable energy sources by increasing their share in the energy generation mix to 20% by 2020, considering the large-scale deployment of new electricity generators in low voltage (LV) grids. The article highlights the contribution of electricity end users to achieving this target as the European Union is eager to unlock their potential in the energy sector. This article examines the penetration of distributed generation from a technical point of view and explores the possible barriers that may arise under high penetration conditions. Specifically, in the critical case of low demand and high distributed generation, the voltage could exceed the acceptable range in the LV feeder, and this can lead to the disconnection of the generator. Thus, a simple approach is used to calculate the voltage profile along the LV feeder and to estimate losses and loading. As the estimation takes the demand into account, this is followed by a sensitivity analysis -using the Monte Carlo technique -in order to track the optimal topology of flexible demand. The article suggests that, in critical cases, customers at the end of the LV feeder would be the main contributors to ensuring the uninterrupted operation of distributed generation within power quality standards.
A European supergrid for renewable energy: local impacts and far-reaching challenges
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2011
ABSTRACT This article assesses the impact of extensive deployment of indigenous and external rene... more ABSTRACT This article assesses the impact of extensive deployment of indigenous and external renewable energy sources on a local electricity system (Sardinia Island) and discusses the main challenges faced by the European power grids in integrating high shares of renewable-based generation technologies. It presents the 2030 scenarios for the Sardinian power system and the results of steady-state analyses in extreme (renewable) generation and consumption conditions. These results are eventually combined with the assessment of key technology development trends to explain how this can affect the development of a European supergrid. In general, the article stresses that rendering the bulk-power system capable of accommodating high renewable energy penetration not only requires reinforcing the electricity highways but also demands carefully planning the architecture of and the interface with regional power systems.
Energy Policy, 2012
Nuclear power currently supports the goals of the European Union low-carbon society by being a de... more Nuclear power currently supports the goals of the European Union low-carbon society by being a dependable source of energy, while emitting no CO 2 . In the future, more flexible nuclear systems could enable wind to achieve a 50% share of the renewable contribution to the energy mix. Small and medium-sized reactors (SMRs) could provide firming power generation to back-up the supply from renewable resources and follow-load. This study involves the hypothetical combination of an off-shore wind farm and a SMR, operated together as a virtual power plant (VPP). Results using wind data from the North Sea indicate that the combination results in 80% less wind power variation to the grid, effectively creating a virtual baseload power plant. This gain comes at the loss of 30% SMR capacity utilization. The research identified that the reduction of 1000 MW off-shore wind farm variability was best achieved with 700 MW SMRs using 100 MW modules. In demand-following mode the VPP could maneuver output to improve synchronization with demand by 60-70% over a wind-only system. Power variability was indifferent to the SMR module size. The VPP could not reduce 100% of the wind variation, as additional balancing measures (e.g., smart grid, storage, and hybrid-nuclear systems) are still needed.
Energy, 2012
The present article analyses the effects caused by variable power. The analysis concerns a countr... more The present article analyses the effects caused by variable power. The analysis concerns a country-scale electricity system with a relatively high penetration of seasonally variable hydro power plants and wind farms in the total electricity generation in 2030. For this purpose, the Latvian electricity system was chosen as an appropriate case study, as around half of its electricity is already generated from hydro power and numerous wind farm installations are planned for 2030. Results indicate that in such systems high renewable power variations occur between seasons causing a high probability of power deficit in the winter and power surplus in the spring. Based on the results, the wind farms' influence on the power deficit and surplus occurrences are discussed in detail. Wind farm generation decreases the probability of the electricity system being in power deficit, but increases the probability of the system being in power surplus. In the latter situation, the maximum value of power surplus increases since it is enhanced by the wind farm generation. Probability equations to express these changes are provided.
Applied Energy, 2011
The contribution of renewable energies (in particular of wind power) to the electrical power gene... more The contribution of renewable energies (in particular of wind power) to the electrical power generation has been continuously increasing in the recent decades. This article focuses on the necessary options that manage the variability of wind turbine output and enable the large scale integration of wind power with the current electricity system, such as additional power reserves, distributed storage technologies, in particular electric vehicles, and cross-boarder power transmission. The influence of geographical distribution of wind turbines on the produced power variability is described as well. The article highlights that even though state-of-art technologies for higher wind integration are present, there is a necessity for the proper management and integration of mentioned options.
Reactive power consumption in photovoltaic inverters: a novel configuration for voltage regulation in low-voltage radial feeders with no need for central control
Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 2014
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2013
One of the main challenges that Europe has to face is to ensure the swift deployment of renewable... more One of the main challenges that Europe has to face is to ensure the swift deployment of renewable energy sources by increasing their share in the energy generation mix to 20% by 2020, considering the large-scale deployment of new electricity generators in low voltage (LV) grids. The article highlights the contribution of electricity end users to achieving this target as the European Union is eager to unlock their potential in the energy sector. This article examines the penetration of distributed generation from a technical point of view and explores the possible barriers that may arise under high penetration conditions. Specifically, in the critical case of low demand and high distributed generation, the voltage could exceed the acceptable range in the LV feeder, and this can lead to the disconnection of the generator. Thus, a simple approach is used to calculate the voltage profile along the LV feeder and to estimate losses and loading. As the estimation takes the demand into account, this is followed by a sensitivity analysis -using the Monte Carlo technique -in order to track the optimal topology of flexible demand. The article suggests that, in critical cases, customers at the end of the LV feeder would be the main contributors to ensuring the uninterrupted operation of distributed generation within power quality standards.
A European supergrid for renewable energy: local impacts and far-reaching challenges
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2011
ABSTRACT This article assesses the impact of extensive deployment of indigenous and external rene... more ABSTRACT This article assesses the impact of extensive deployment of indigenous and external renewable energy sources on a local electricity system (Sardinia Island) and discusses the main challenges faced by the European power grids in integrating high shares of renewable-based generation technologies. It presents the 2030 scenarios for the Sardinian power system and the results of steady-state analyses in extreme (renewable) generation and consumption conditions. These results are eventually combined with the assessment of key technology development trends to explain how this can affect the development of a European supergrid. In general, the article stresses that rendering the bulk-power system capable of accommodating high renewable energy penetration not only requires reinforcing the electricity highways but also demands carefully planning the architecture of and the interface with regional power systems.
Energy Policy, 2012
Nuclear power currently supports the goals of the European Union low-carbon society by being a de... more Nuclear power currently supports the goals of the European Union low-carbon society by being a dependable source of energy, while emitting no CO 2 . In the future, more flexible nuclear systems could enable wind to achieve a 50% share of the renewable contribution to the energy mix. Small and medium-sized reactors (SMRs) could provide firming power generation to back-up the supply from renewable resources and follow-load. This study involves the hypothetical combination of an off-shore wind farm and a SMR, operated together as a virtual power plant (VPP). Results using wind data from the North Sea indicate that the combination results in 80% less wind power variation to the grid, effectively creating a virtual baseload power plant. This gain comes at the loss of 30% SMR capacity utilization. The research identified that the reduction of 1000 MW off-shore wind farm variability was best achieved with 700 MW SMRs using 100 MW modules. In demand-following mode the VPP could maneuver output to improve synchronization with demand by 60-70% over a wind-only system. Power variability was indifferent to the SMR module size. The VPP could not reduce 100% of the wind variation, as additional balancing measures (e.g., smart grid, storage, and hybrid-nuclear systems) are still needed.
Energy, 2012
The present article analyses the effects caused by variable power. The analysis concerns a countr... more The present article analyses the effects caused by variable power. The analysis concerns a country-scale electricity system with a relatively high penetration of seasonally variable hydro power plants and wind farms in the total electricity generation in 2030. For this purpose, the Latvian electricity system was chosen as an appropriate case study, as around half of its electricity is already generated from hydro power and numerous wind farm installations are planned for 2030. Results indicate that in such systems high renewable power variations occur between seasons causing a high probability of power deficit in the winter and power surplus in the spring. Based on the results, the wind farms' influence on the power deficit and surplus occurrences are discussed in detail. Wind farm generation decreases the probability of the electricity system being in power deficit, but increases the probability of the system being in power surplus. In the latter situation, the maximum value of power surplus increases since it is enhanced by the wind farm generation. Probability equations to express these changes are provided.
Applied Energy, 2011
The contribution of renewable energies (in particular of wind power) to the electrical power gene... more The contribution of renewable energies (in particular of wind power) to the electrical power generation has been continuously increasing in the recent decades. This article focuses on the necessary options that manage the variability of wind turbine output and enable the large scale integration of wind power with the current electricity system, such as additional power reserves, distributed storage technologies, in particular electric vehicles, and cross-boarder power transmission. The influence of geographical distribution of wind turbines on the produced power variability is described as well. The article highlights that even though state-of-art technologies for higher wind integration are present, there is a necessity for the proper management and integration of mentioned options.
Reactive power consumption in photovoltaic inverters: a novel configuration for voltage regulation in low-voltage radial feeders with no need for central control
Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 2014