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Papers by Aruna Biradar

Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Aim: The study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of levetiracetam to magnesium sulfate for... more Aim: The study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of levetiracetam to magnesium sulfate for the prevention of convulsions in preeclampsia. Materials and methods: A total of 60 women with preeclampsia with severe features were randomized to receive either levetiracetam or magnesium sulfate. In the levetiracetam group, a loading dose of 1000 mg/day (500 mg 12th hourly for 24 hours) was administered slowly over 5 minutes intravenously followed by an oral tablet of levetiracetam 500 mg 12th hourly for 5 days. In the magnesium sulfate group, 4 gm of magnesium sulfate was given IV over 3-5 minutes followed by a maintenance dose of 1 gm/hour for 24 hours. Magnesium sulfate solution was given in dilution via infusion pump. Results: This study shows that levetiracetam is non-inferior to magnesium sulfate as none of the patients in both arms had any convulsions. Conclusion: Levetiracetam is non-inferior to magnesium sulfate in the prevention of convulsions in preeclampsia. It can be used as an alternative to magnesium sulfate, especially when magnesium sulfate is contraindicated.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANATOMY RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY, 2021

Vaginal injuries following consensual intercourse are commonly encountered in clinical practice. ... more Vaginal injuries following consensual intercourse are commonly encountered in clinical practice. They cause significant morbidity among sexually active women. Consensual vaginal intercourse may lead to minor hymenal or vaginal tears to rectovaginal fistula and in some cases severe haemorrhage shock can occur. It commonly results due to inadequate foreplay prior to penetration. Hereby, authors present four cases of vaginal lacerations of different age groups. The first patient bled profusely from the laceration and was haemodynamically stable; the second patient bled profusely and went into shock; the third patient presented with rectovaginal fistula who was newly married; and fourth patient was 13-year-old girl with third degree tear following trauma. The various risk factors for vaginal injury following consensual sexual intercourse are lack of foreplay, rigid perineum, vaginal atrophy and hindrance from partner. This case series highlights need of clinicians for proper and prompt ...

Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research, 2020

Introduction: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. One of the ... more Introduction: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. One of the major causes for Preterm Labour (PTL) and Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) is infection of urogenital tract. Aim: To study the incidence of genitourinary infection in patients with preterm labour and preterm premature rupture of membrane. Materials and Methods: A Prospective study was conducted at BLDE (DU) Shri BM Patil Medical College. We enrolled 100 pregnant women with preterm/preterm PROM in the study and evaluated for the genitourinary infection by doing urine culture, cervical swab culture, vaginal swab culture and examination of urine for pus cells. The participants were given appropriate obstetric care and followed till delivery. Results: In the present study, study the incidence of genitourinary infection in preterm/preterm PROM was 59%. The cervical swab was positive in 33 participants, the vaginal swab was positive in 26 participants, the urine culture was positive in 19 ...

BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences, 2020

Introduction: Caserean delivery is the most commonly performed in obstetrics. Antibiotics have re... more Introduction: Caserean delivery is the most commonly performed in obstetrics. Antibiotics have revolutionised the surgical practice in this era. But multidrug resistance is a challenging issue in practice. So antibiotics have to be administered judiciously at the appropriate time with respect to surgery. Aim: To determine whether the administration of single-dose injection ceftriaxone 1gm intravenously prior to skin incision was superior to the administration at the time of cord clamping for prevention of post-caesarean maternal infectious. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in BLDE (DU) Shri B M Patil medical college and research centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka. Patients undergoing caesarean sections for singleton term pregnancies both elective and emergency with intact membranes were included in the study during the one-year period. Alternatively, Group A received 1gm Injection ceftriaxone intravenously 60 mins before skin incision and group B rece...

BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences, 2020

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders t... more Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders that affect women during their childbearing years. Lupus exacerbation during pregnancy occurs in about 20-30% of pregnant lupus patients. SLE increases the risk of spontaneous abortion, intrauterine death, preeclampsia, FGR and preterm birth. Case Report: A 23 year old Primi mother with 6 months of amenorrhea reported with complains of skin and oral lesions and breathlessness since 20 days. She was hemodynamically stable, had a malar rash, macular skin lesions and generalized edema. Systemic examination showed hepatomegaly with ascites and pleurisy signs. Urine microscopy showed 15 to 20 pus cells/HPF. Echo cardiograph showed pericardial effusion. A provisional diagnosis of Pregnancy with SLE was made. Antinuclear antibody and Anti smith Ab was positive. She was started on oral steroids and HCQS. One month later the patient presented with maculopapular lesions all over the body. There was...

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2021

Introduction: Surgical site infections are a serious cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. V... more Introduction: Surgical site infections are a serious cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Various preventive measures are being used to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections. One of them is the use of prophylactic antibiotics. In this study, authors have evaluated three antibiotic regimen with respect to preventing infectious morbidity in caesarean section. Aim: To study the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a single dose (ceftriaxone) versus multiple doses of antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone and ornidazole) administered preoperatively in women undergoing caesarean delivery. Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted on 300 pregnant women undergoing emergency or elective caesarean delivery. Study was conducted at BLDE (DU) Shri BM Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups by block random sampling with 100 women in each group. Group A received Inj. ceftriaxone 1...

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2020

Introduction: Caesarean delivery is the most common surgery performed in obstetrics. Antibiotics ... more Introduction: Caesarean delivery is the most common surgery performed in obstetrics. Antibiotics have revolutionised the surgical practise in this era. But multidrug resistance is a challenging issue in day to day practise. So, antibiotics have to be administered judiciously at the appropriate time with respect to surgery. Aim: To determine whether the administration of single dose injection ceftriaxone 1 gm intravenously prior to skin incision was superior to administration at the time of cord clamping for prevention of post-caesarean maternal infection. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in BLDE (DU) Shri BM Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. Patients undergoing caesarean sections for singleton term pregnancies both elective and emergency with intact membranes were included in study during one-year period. Alternatively, group A received 1 gm injection ceftriaxone intravenously 60 minutes before skin incisio...

Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020

Introduction: Tubal sterilization is the most prevalent family planning method practiced in our c... more Introduction: Tubal sterilization is the most prevalent family planning method practiced in our country. According to National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4) (2015-2016), a total of 51.8% of married women use any method of family planning, of which female sterilization accounts for majority with 48.6%, use of intrauterine device (IUD) by just 0.8% of women, pills by 0.4% of women, and condom by 1.3% women. 1 More than 45.5% women undergoing sterilization belong to young reproductive-age group of 20-25 years. 2 The gold standard for recanalization has been microsurgical tubal recanalization through laparotomy. Laparoscopy can be used as an alternative route but requires high expertise. 3 Although an option of in vitro fertilization is widely available, due to economic constraints people go for microsurgical tubal recanalization as a first option. 2 Material and methods: The study involves all women coming to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangalore Medical Collage and Research Institute, Bengaluru, for reversal of sterilization between August 2010 and September 2012. Results: A total of 40 prospective cases were studied and followed up for at least 1 year of which intrauterine pregnancy was noted in 21 (52.5%) cases, 1 (4.7%) patient had ectopic pregnancy, and 2 (9.5%) had abortions. Conclusion: The study concluded that factors favoring successful tubal recanalization are age of the patient less than 30 years, interval between sterilization and its reversal less than 4 years, site of anastomosis being isthmo-isthmic, remaining tubal length being more than 6 cm, and when type of previous sterilization was by laparoscopic method.

International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020

Mullerian duct anomalies in females result from fusion or defective absorption during embryonic l... more Mullerian duct anomalies in females result from fusion or defective absorption during embryonic life. Pregnancy in a non communicating horn of the uterus is rare and its diagnosis is often missed. Rupture of this horn is seen in the first or second trimester. Standard treatment is to excise the horn. We present a case where in the horn was no excised but surgically repaired and the surgery was coupled with tubectomy.

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2020

Background: Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is still high in many developing countries. In Southe... more Background: Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is still high in many developing countries. In Southern India, the maternal mortality is highest in the state of Karnataka. Therefore, a study was conducted at BLDE (DU) Shri BM Patil medical college, hospital and research centre to study the causes of maternal deaths, and to make recommendation to reduce the maternal mortality.Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the maternal deaths between 2012 to 2019 was done.Results: A total of 58 women died due to pregnancy and its complications during the period of 2012-2019. Average age of death was 25.42 years. It was noted that 70.7% of the patients travelled over 30 km to reach Vijayapura city. The predisposing causes of death were post-partum haemorrhage (44.8%) eclampsia (18.9%), anaemia (17.2%), pulmonary or amniotic fluid embolism (12.1%), sepsis (10.3%) antepartum haemorrhage (3.4%) and cardiac disease (6.9%). A death each occurred in patients suffering cholestasis and adult respiratory...

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2020

Background: Pancytopenia is the reduction in all three major cellular elements of blood; hence it... more Background: Pancytopenia is the reduction in all three major cellular elements of blood; hence it is the simultaneous presence of anaemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Pancytopenia is associated with many maternal and foetal complications during pregnancy like maternal sepsis, postpartum haemorrhage, pre-eclampsia and preterm labour, IUGR and intrauterine foetal demise.Methods: The study was conducted at BLDE (Deemed to be) University, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre. It’s an observational study done from November 2019-April 2020. The participants enrolled in the study were subjected for further clinical and laboratory evaluation and followed for feto-maternal outcome.Results: The incidence of pancytopenia with pregnancy in this study was 3% and all the patients were vegetarian by diet along with vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency. They were associated with different maternal and foetal complications.Conclusions: Proper dietary counselling and we...

International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020

Imperforate hymen is a rare occurrence. It presents with cyclical pain abdomen in adolescent girl... more Imperforate hymen is a rare occurrence. It presents with cyclical pain abdomen in adolescent girls. It can also present with acute urinary retention. We present a case of acute urinary retention in a 14 year old girl secondary to imperforate hymen.

Trials, 2021

Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world, affecting mainly women ... more Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world, affecting mainly women residing in low- and middle-income countries. Progression from a pre-invasive phase to that of an invasive phase generally takes years and provides a window of opportunity to screen for and treat precancerous lesions. Methods This study is being conducted at four sites in north Karnataka, India. Community sensitization activities have been organized in the study areas to create awareness among stakeholders, including elected representatives, physicians, health care workers, and potential participants. Organized community based as well as hospital-based screening is being conducted using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Screen positive women are referred to respective study hospitals for colposcopy and directed biopsy. Participants with confirmed high-grade cervical dysplasia (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or HSIL) who fit all other eligibility criteria will be recr...

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2020

Trends of Caesarean Delivery in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North Karnataka

Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020

Background: Overweight and increased Body Mass Index (BMI) have been among the major changes in g... more Background: Overweight and increased Body Mass Index (BMI) have been among the major changes in girls and is one of the likely factors affecting the menarche age. Aim and Objectives: To determine correlation of age at menarche with BMI in adolescent girls of urban and rural schools of Vijayapura, North Karnataka. Material and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted by Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri. B. M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), between 1stJuly 2019 to 29thFebruary 2020.Girls below the age of 19 years who had attained menarche were included. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated. Statistical analysis was carried out in SPSS software, version 23.0 and Microsoft 2010. Correlation between age at menarche and BMI was assessed in adolescent girls of urban and rural schools of Vijayapura. Results: The mean age at menarche among adolescent girls of urban and rural schools was ab...

International Journal of Women's Health, 2020

Purpose: Oxytocin is the preferred choice for prophylaxis and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.... more Purpose: Oxytocin is the preferred choice for prophylaxis and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. Intravenous infusion has been a widely accepted route for Oxytocin administration. However, intravenous bolus route is not a readily preferred route due to apprehensions regarding hypotension that it may cause. This trial compares low dose 3 IU intravenous (IV) bolus Oxytocin along with 7 IU Oxytocin in intravenous infusion to 10IU Oxytocin intravenous infusion during cesarean section. Patients and Methods: A total of 250 term pregnant women were randomized to either 3 IU intravenous bolus with 7 IU intravenous infusion of Oxytocin or 10IU of intravenous Oxytocin infusion. The difference in pre-and post-operative hemoglobin levels, tone of the uterus, hemodynamic changes, adverse effects of the drug, need for additional uterotonics and need for blood transfusions were assessed. Results: There was 6.7% less blood loss in the 3 IU IV bolus Oxytocin with 7 IU Oxytocin infusion group in comparison to the Oxytocin infusion group. The tone of the uterus was firmer in IV bolus Oxytocin with Oxytocin infusion group at 5 minutes (p<0.001) than the Oxytocin infusion group. There was no significant difference in the hemodynamic changes, adverse effects or need for blood transfusions. Conclusion: Intravenous bolus of 3 IU Oxytocin along with 7 IU infusion of Oxytocin is as safe and more effective than intravenous infusion of 10 IU of Oxytocin during cesarean section in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.

BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences, 2020

Background: COVID-19 outbreak was declared as a global pandemic. India decided to lock down the c... more Background: COVID-19 outbreak was declared as a global pandemic. India decided to lock down the country bringing hardships to her people. Objective: To study the challenges met by a pregnant woman during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in India. Material and Methods: Consenting pregnant women were given a questionnaire to answer. Results: 32.1% were primigravida and 67.9 % were multigravida. 66.42 % said that they feared they either themselves or their baby could contract COVID-19 disease.46.5% of the participants did not take an antenatal visit to the doctor. The reasons given were, they followed the government advisory not to visit hospitals unnecessarily (26%), non-availability of transport (39.7%), fear of coming to the hospital (22.3%). 237.26% took teleconsultation and 79.2% were satisfied with the response.18.45% took medications from the pharmacy on their own and 52.52% did not receive their due tetanus toxoid injection.44.46% could not get their due obstetric ultrasonogr...

Background: The incidence of Caesarean Section (CS) is increasing day by day among urban and rura... more Background: The incidence of Caesarean Section (CS) is increasing day by day among urban and rural population globally. Hence, a need of the study was required to find out the incidence of CS among population in a backward district of Karnataka. Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the rising trends in CS rate in both primigravida and multigravida. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 513 patients (92.7% rural and 7.3% urban) admitted in labour ward at a tertiary referral centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka. The indications were analysed by standard procedures and the decision for CS were under taken by qualified professionals accordingly. Results: Total incidence of CS in the present study was 200(38.98%) out of 513 patients admitted. Out of 200 patients who underwent CS, were found to be primigravida 83 (41.5%) and were multigravida 117 (58.5%). The most common indication of CS in this study was found to be the Foetal Distress (FD) (35.5%) followed by Cephal...

Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Aim: The study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of levetiracetam to magnesium sulfate for... more Aim: The study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of levetiracetam to magnesium sulfate for the prevention of convulsions in preeclampsia. Materials and methods: A total of 60 women with preeclampsia with severe features were randomized to receive either levetiracetam or magnesium sulfate. In the levetiracetam group, a loading dose of 1000 mg/day (500 mg 12th hourly for 24 hours) was administered slowly over 5 minutes intravenously followed by an oral tablet of levetiracetam 500 mg 12th hourly for 5 days. In the magnesium sulfate group, 4 gm of magnesium sulfate was given IV over 3-5 minutes followed by a maintenance dose of 1 gm/hour for 24 hours. Magnesium sulfate solution was given in dilution via infusion pump. Results: This study shows that levetiracetam is non-inferior to magnesium sulfate as none of the patients in both arms had any convulsions. Conclusion: Levetiracetam is non-inferior to magnesium sulfate in the prevention of convulsions in preeclampsia. It can be used as an alternative to magnesium sulfate, especially when magnesium sulfate is contraindicated.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANATOMY RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY, 2021

Vaginal injuries following consensual intercourse are commonly encountered in clinical practice. ... more Vaginal injuries following consensual intercourse are commonly encountered in clinical practice. They cause significant morbidity among sexually active women. Consensual vaginal intercourse may lead to minor hymenal or vaginal tears to rectovaginal fistula and in some cases severe haemorrhage shock can occur. It commonly results due to inadequate foreplay prior to penetration. Hereby, authors present four cases of vaginal lacerations of different age groups. The first patient bled profusely from the laceration and was haemodynamically stable; the second patient bled profusely and went into shock; the third patient presented with rectovaginal fistula who was newly married; and fourth patient was 13-year-old girl with third degree tear following trauma. The various risk factors for vaginal injury following consensual sexual intercourse are lack of foreplay, rigid perineum, vaginal atrophy and hindrance from partner. This case series highlights need of clinicians for proper and prompt ...

Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research, 2020

Introduction: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. One of the ... more Introduction: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. One of the major causes for Preterm Labour (PTL) and Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) is infection of urogenital tract. Aim: To study the incidence of genitourinary infection in patients with preterm labour and preterm premature rupture of membrane. Materials and Methods: A Prospective study was conducted at BLDE (DU) Shri BM Patil Medical College. We enrolled 100 pregnant women with preterm/preterm PROM in the study and evaluated for the genitourinary infection by doing urine culture, cervical swab culture, vaginal swab culture and examination of urine for pus cells. The participants were given appropriate obstetric care and followed till delivery. Results: In the present study, study the incidence of genitourinary infection in preterm/preterm PROM was 59%. The cervical swab was positive in 33 participants, the vaginal swab was positive in 26 participants, the urine culture was positive in 19 ...

BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences, 2020

Introduction: Caserean delivery is the most commonly performed in obstetrics. Antibiotics have re... more Introduction: Caserean delivery is the most commonly performed in obstetrics. Antibiotics have revolutionised the surgical practice in this era. But multidrug resistance is a challenging issue in practice. So antibiotics have to be administered judiciously at the appropriate time with respect to surgery. Aim: To determine whether the administration of single-dose injection ceftriaxone 1gm intravenously prior to skin incision was superior to the administration at the time of cord clamping for prevention of post-caesarean maternal infectious. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in BLDE (DU) Shri B M Patil medical college and research centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka. Patients undergoing caesarean sections for singleton term pregnancies both elective and emergency with intact membranes were included in the study during the one-year period. Alternatively, Group A received 1gm Injection ceftriaxone intravenously 60 mins before skin incision and group B rece...

BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences, 2020

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders t... more Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders that affect women during their childbearing years. Lupus exacerbation during pregnancy occurs in about 20-30% of pregnant lupus patients. SLE increases the risk of spontaneous abortion, intrauterine death, preeclampsia, FGR and preterm birth. Case Report: A 23 year old Primi mother with 6 months of amenorrhea reported with complains of skin and oral lesions and breathlessness since 20 days. She was hemodynamically stable, had a malar rash, macular skin lesions and generalized edema. Systemic examination showed hepatomegaly with ascites and pleurisy signs. Urine microscopy showed 15 to 20 pus cells/HPF. Echo cardiograph showed pericardial effusion. A provisional diagnosis of Pregnancy with SLE was made. Antinuclear antibody and Anti smith Ab was positive. She was started on oral steroids and HCQS. One month later the patient presented with maculopapular lesions all over the body. There was...

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2021

Introduction: Surgical site infections are a serious cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. V... more Introduction: Surgical site infections are a serious cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Various preventive measures are being used to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections. One of them is the use of prophylactic antibiotics. In this study, authors have evaluated three antibiotic regimen with respect to preventing infectious morbidity in caesarean section. Aim: To study the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a single dose (ceftriaxone) versus multiple doses of antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone and ornidazole) administered preoperatively in women undergoing caesarean delivery. Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted on 300 pregnant women undergoing emergency or elective caesarean delivery. Study was conducted at BLDE (DU) Shri BM Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups by block random sampling with 100 women in each group. Group A received Inj. ceftriaxone 1...

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2020

Introduction: Caesarean delivery is the most common surgery performed in obstetrics. Antibiotics ... more Introduction: Caesarean delivery is the most common surgery performed in obstetrics. Antibiotics have revolutionised the surgical practise in this era. But multidrug resistance is a challenging issue in day to day practise. So, antibiotics have to be administered judiciously at the appropriate time with respect to surgery. Aim: To determine whether the administration of single dose injection ceftriaxone 1 gm intravenously prior to skin incision was superior to administration at the time of cord clamping for prevention of post-caesarean maternal infection. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in BLDE (DU) Shri BM Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. Patients undergoing caesarean sections for singleton term pregnancies both elective and emergency with intact membranes were included in study during one-year period. Alternatively, group A received 1 gm injection ceftriaxone intravenously 60 minutes before skin incisio...

Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020

Introduction: Tubal sterilization is the most prevalent family planning method practiced in our c... more Introduction: Tubal sterilization is the most prevalent family planning method practiced in our country. According to National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4) (2015-2016), a total of 51.8% of married women use any method of family planning, of which female sterilization accounts for majority with 48.6%, use of intrauterine device (IUD) by just 0.8% of women, pills by 0.4% of women, and condom by 1.3% women. 1 More than 45.5% women undergoing sterilization belong to young reproductive-age group of 20-25 years. 2 The gold standard for recanalization has been microsurgical tubal recanalization through laparotomy. Laparoscopy can be used as an alternative route but requires high expertise. 3 Although an option of in vitro fertilization is widely available, due to economic constraints people go for microsurgical tubal recanalization as a first option. 2 Material and methods: The study involves all women coming to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangalore Medical Collage and Research Institute, Bengaluru, for reversal of sterilization between August 2010 and September 2012. Results: A total of 40 prospective cases were studied and followed up for at least 1 year of which intrauterine pregnancy was noted in 21 (52.5%) cases, 1 (4.7%) patient had ectopic pregnancy, and 2 (9.5%) had abortions. Conclusion: The study concluded that factors favoring successful tubal recanalization are age of the patient less than 30 years, interval between sterilization and its reversal less than 4 years, site of anastomosis being isthmo-isthmic, remaining tubal length being more than 6 cm, and when type of previous sterilization was by laparoscopic method.

International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020

Mullerian duct anomalies in females result from fusion or defective absorption during embryonic l... more Mullerian duct anomalies in females result from fusion or defective absorption during embryonic life. Pregnancy in a non communicating horn of the uterus is rare and its diagnosis is often missed. Rupture of this horn is seen in the first or second trimester. Standard treatment is to excise the horn. We present a case where in the horn was no excised but surgically repaired and the surgery was coupled with tubectomy.

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2020

Background: Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is still high in many developing countries. In Southe... more Background: Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is still high in many developing countries. In Southern India, the maternal mortality is highest in the state of Karnataka. Therefore, a study was conducted at BLDE (DU) Shri BM Patil medical college, hospital and research centre to study the causes of maternal deaths, and to make recommendation to reduce the maternal mortality.Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the maternal deaths between 2012 to 2019 was done.Results: A total of 58 women died due to pregnancy and its complications during the period of 2012-2019. Average age of death was 25.42 years. It was noted that 70.7% of the patients travelled over 30 km to reach Vijayapura city. The predisposing causes of death were post-partum haemorrhage (44.8%) eclampsia (18.9%), anaemia (17.2%), pulmonary or amniotic fluid embolism (12.1%), sepsis (10.3%) antepartum haemorrhage (3.4%) and cardiac disease (6.9%). A death each occurred in patients suffering cholestasis and adult respiratory...

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2020

Background: Pancytopenia is the reduction in all three major cellular elements of blood; hence it... more Background: Pancytopenia is the reduction in all three major cellular elements of blood; hence it is the simultaneous presence of anaemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Pancytopenia is associated with many maternal and foetal complications during pregnancy like maternal sepsis, postpartum haemorrhage, pre-eclampsia and preterm labour, IUGR and intrauterine foetal demise.Methods: The study was conducted at BLDE (Deemed to be) University, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre. It’s an observational study done from November 2019-April 2020. The participants enrolled in the study were subjected for further clinical and laboratory evaluation and followed for feto-maternal outcome.Results: The incidence of pancytopenia with pregnancy in this study was 3% and all the patients were vegetarian by diet along with vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency. They were associated with different maternal and foetal complications.Conclusions: Proper dietary counselling and we...

International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020

Imperforate hymen is a rare occurrence. It presents with cyclical pain abdomen in adolescent girl... more Imperforate hymen is a rare occurrence. It presents with cyclical pain abdomen in adolescent girls. It can also present with acute urinary retention. We present a case of acute urinary retention in a 14 year old girl secondary to imperforate hymen.

Trials, 2021

Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world, affecting mainly women ... more Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world, affecting mainly women residing in low- and middle-income countries. Progression from a pre-invasive phase to that of an invasive phase generally takes years and provides a window of opportunity to screen for and treat precancerous lesions. Methods This study is being conducted at four sites in north Karnataka, India. Community sensitization activities have been organized in the study areas to create awareness among stakeholders, including elected representatives, physicians, health care workers, and potential participants. Organized community based as well as hospital-based screening is being conducted using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Screen positive women are referred to respective study hospitals for colposcopy and directed biopsy. Participants with confirmed high-grade cervical dysplasia (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or HSIL) who fit all other eligibility criteria will be recr...

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2020

Trends of Caesarean Delivery in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North Karnataka

Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2020

Background: Overweight and increased Body Mass Index (BMI) have been among the major changes in g... more Background: Overweight and increased Body Mass Index (BMI) have been among the major changes in girls and is one of the likely factors affecting the menarche age. Aim and Objectives: To determine correlation of age at menarche with BMI in adolescent girls of urban and rural schools of Vijayapura, North Karnataka. Material and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted by Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri. B. M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), between 1stJuly 2019 to 29thFebruary 2020.Girls below the age of 19 years who had attained menarche were included. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated. Statistical analysis was carried out in SPSS software, version 23.0 and Microsoft 2010. Correlation between age at menarche and BMI was assessed in adolescent girls of urban and rural schools of Vijayapura. Results: The mean age at menarche among adolescent girls of urban and rural schools was ab...

International Journal of Women's Health, 2020

Purpose: Oxytocin is the preferred choice for prophylaxis and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.... more Purpose: Oxytocin is the preferred choice for prophylaxis and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. Intravenous infusion has been a widely accepted route for Oxytocin administration. However, intravenous bolus route is not a readily preferred route due to apprehensions regarding hypotension that it may cause. This trial compares low dose 3 IU intravenous (IV) bolus Oxytocin along with 7 IU Oxytocin in intravenous infusion to 10IU Oxytocin intravenous infusion during cesarean section. Patients and Methods: A total of 250 term pregnant women were randomized to either 3 IU intravenous bolus with 7 IU intravenous infusion of Oxytocin or 10IU of intravenous Oxytocin infusion. The difference in pre-and post-operative hemoglobin levels, tone of the uterus, hemodynamic changes, adverse effects of the drug, need for additional uterotonics and need for blood transfusions were assessed. Results: There was 6.7% less blood loss in the 3 IU IV bolus Oxytocin with 7 IU Oxytocin infusion group in comparison to the Oxytocin infusion group. The tone of the uterus was firmer in IV bolus Oxytocin with Oxytocin infusion group at 5 minutes (p<0.001) than the Oxytocin infusion group. There was no significant difference in the hemodynamic changes, adverse effects or need for blood transfusions. Conclusion: Intravenous bolus of 3 IU Oxytocin along with 7 IU infusion of Oxytocin is as safe and more effective than intravenous infusion of 10 IU of Oxytocin during cesarean section in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.

BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences, 2020

Background: COVID-19 outbreak was declared as a global pandemic. India decided to lock down the c... more Background: COVID-19 outbreak was declared as a global pandemic. India decided to lock down the country bringing hardships to her people. Objective: To study the challenges met by a pregnant woman during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in India. Material and Methods: Consenting pregnant women were given a questionnaire to answer. Results: 32.1% were primigravida and 67.9 % were multigravida. 66.42 % said that they feared they either themselves or their baby could contract COVID-19 disease.46.5% of the participants did not take an antenatal visit to the doctor. The reasons given were, they followed the government advisory not to visit hospitals unnecessarily (26%), non-availability of transport (39.7%), fear of coming to the hospital (22.3%). 237.26% took teleconsultation and 79.2% were satisfied with the response.18.45% took medications from the pharmacy on their own and 52.52% did not receive their due tetanus toxoid injection.44.46% could not get their due obstetric ultrasonogr...

Background: The incidence of Caesarean Section (CS) is increasing day by day among urban and rura... more Background: The incidence of Caesarean Section (CS) is increasing day by day among urban and rural population globally. Hence, a need of the study was required to find out the incidence of CS among population in a backward district of Karnataka. Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the rising trends in CS rate in both primigravida and multigravida. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 513 patients (92.7% rural and 7.3% urban) admitted in labour ward at a tertiary referral centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka. The indications were analysed by standard procedures and the decision for CS were under taken by qualified professionals accordingly. Results: Total incidence of CS in the present study was 200(38.98%) out of 513 patients admitted. Out of 200 patients who underwent CS, were found to be primigravida 83 (41.5%) and were multigravida 117 (58.5%). The most common indication of CS in this study was found to be the Foetal Distress (FD) (35.5%) followed by Cephal...