Arvind Bhardwaj - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Arvind Bhardwaj

The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2019

Curcuma caesia rhizome extracts and its solvent fractionates were subjected to physicochemical an... more Curcuma caesia rhizome extracts and its solvent fractionates were subjected to physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical screening using standard tests. The present study deals with phytochemical explorations of non-aerial part (rhizome) of Curcuma caesia comprising determination of loss on drying, ash values and extractive values. The qualitative chemical investigations exposed the existence of different phytoconstituents like flavanoids, terpenoids, saponins, phenolic compounds, steroids, alkaloids, quinones, proteins, carbohydrates, tannins and glycosides in the rhizome of the plant extracts. The occurrence of many bioactive constituents affirms the utilization of C. caesia for several disorders by traditional practitioners. The study disclosed specific individualities for the particular crude drug which will be suitable in recognition and control to adulterate of the raw drug.

Current Nutrition & Food Science, Apr 18, 2023

Background:: Roots, leaves, and bark of Careya arborea were evaluated for their physicochemical, ... more Background:: Roots, leaves, and bark of Careya arborea were evaluated for their physicochemical, mineral, nutritional, and phytochemical properties background: whereas the leaves had the highest acid insoluble ash value (1.4 mg/g), water-soluble ash value (2.31 mg/g), and moisture content value (10.42 mg/g) respectively. Mineral content was determined using ICP-AES and AAS methods. In the macro mineral composition, K (14.72 mg/100g), Ca (12.41 mg/100g) and Na (11.93 mg/100g) were found in the highest amounts. Objective:: The objective of this study was to explore Careya arborea roots, leaves, and bark as a nutritional, safe, and effective herbal medicine. objective: Careya arborea roots, leaves, and bark were characterized in terms of their Physico-chemical, mineral content, nutritional composition analysis, and phytochemical properties. Methods:: Stepwise physicochemical examinations, mineral content, nutritional composition, and quantitative phytochemical analysis were performed. Mineral content was determined using ICP-AES and AAS methods. Quantitative phytochemical properties were estimated on the basis of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, respectively, using standard protocols. method: Mineral content was determined using ICP-AES and AAS methods. In the macro mineral composition, K (14.72 mg/100g), Ca (12.41 mg/100g) and Na (11.93 mg/100g) were found in the highest amounts. In contrast, Fe (22.82 mg/100g), Zn (8.68 mg/100g) and Cu (7.39 mg/100g) were found in the root section of C. arborea in trace mineral composition, Result:: The root had the highest water-soluble extractive value (20.7 mg/g), alcohol-soluble value (10.3 mg/g), foreign organic matter (3.4 mg/g), swelling index (4.8 mg/g), the bark had the highest total ash (12 mg/g), sulphated ash (9.49 mg/g), and leaves had the highest acid-insoluble value(1.4 mg/g), water-soluble value (2.31 mg/g), and moisture content (10.42 mg/g). Roots had higher macro-minerals and heavy metals than bark and leaves. The root contained the most carbohydrates (43.76 mg/100g), protein (14.81 mg/100g), and retinol (2.13 mg/100g), while the leaf had the most ascorbic acid (37.13 mg/100g), lutein (18.28 mg/100g), β-carotene (19.18 mg/100g), fat (7.83 mg/100g), and fibre (27.38 mg/100g). The leaves had the highest folate (61.23 μg/100g), and the root had the most calories (347.32 kcal). Qualitative phytochemical analysis of C. arborea found alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, carbohydrates, protein, and phenol. In quantitative phytochemical analysis, the bark had higher alkaloid (6.32 mg/100g), tannin (7.53 mg/100g), flavonoid (7.83 mg/100g), and saponin (16.41 mg/100g) contents than C. arborea's root. Conclusion:: Hence, Careya arborea's physicochemical, mineral, nutritional, and phytochemical qualities present a potent herbal preparation and a safe, unique herbal remedy. other: None

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

In Ayurveda, Curcuma caesia Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) plants are used as medicines and nutritional su... more In Ayurveda, Curcuma caesia Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) plants are used as medicines and nutritional supplements. Because of its variety of phytochemicals and beneficial nutritional properties, the native flora species C. caesia has been subjected to current research work. This study performed a preliminary phytochemical screening, physicochemical studies, proximate analysis, and element identification in C. caesia rhizomes using standard techniques. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that plants have a variety of secondary metabolites like curcumine, coumarin, carbohydrates, and phenol present in each extract. The findings proved that C. caesia has a greater ratio of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, and carbohydrates. The results also revealed a rich supply of mineral elements, including Fe, K, Co, Na, Ca, Mg, P, and Al, which emphasized its good nutritional value. This research would help to identify and formulate pharmaceutical medications as well as quality control aspects.

ES Food & Agroforestry

In the present work, the Curcuma caesia Roxb. rhizome was subjected to physicochemical testing us... more In the present work, the Curcuma caesia Roxb. rhizome was subjected to physicochemical testing using well-established procedures to explore the genuine plant material and determine whether or not its conventional assertions were valid. Physicochemical analysis was used to examine the organic foreign matter, moisture content, total ash, water-soluble and insoluble ash, acid-soluble and insoluble ash, sulphated ash, extractive values (water-soluble and alcohol-soluble), sensory properties, and fluorescent examinations. Organic foreign matter of 13.93 mg/g and moisture content of 21.67 mg/g were found in higher amounts, respectively. In the ash determination, total ash was found at 10.76 mg/g in greater quantity than sulphated ash, at 2.66 mg/g, which was the least quantity, whereas a water-soluble extractive value of 15.71 mg/g was obtained at a higher value than the alcohol-soluble extractive value of 9.94 mg/g. This experimental research work will help with the development of a suitable compendium as well as the assessment of the diversity and purity of a crude medication and the establishment of guidelines for C. caesia. The research found evidence of character qualities in pure drugs. These meanings would be important for monitoring and classifying drugs in order to make them much more valuable in terms of quality control.

Trends in Sciences

This investigation was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of the agar disc dif... more This investigation was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of the agar disc diffusion method and to determine the inhibition zone of Curcuma amada (CA) rhizome extracts (petroleum ether, dichloromethane, and chloroform) against 12 bacterial species and 4 fungal species. The inhibition zones of the extracts were compared to those of Ciprofloxacin and Griseofulvin for antibacterial and antifungal activities, respectively. The findings revealed that the organisms under examination showed significant inhibition of bacterial as well as fungal development during the experiment and that the typical form of C. amada rhizome can be used to treat bacterial and fungal illnesses. So, this plant could be used to find natural compounds that are bioactive and could be used to make new medicines. HIGHLIGHTS Extracts of amada rhizome were found to protect humans from pathogens aureus bacteria had the highest inhibition zone (17 mm) in dichloromethane extract, whereas B. subtilis an...

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2018

Many people in India, especially the poor, face the hurdle of seeking effective health care at an... more Many people in India, especially the poor, face the hurdle of seeking effective health care at an affordable cost, at a distance they can travel, and with the dignity they deserve. According to reports from across the world, it is evident that countries having a strong primary health care system, have better health outcomes, lower inequalities, and lower costs of care. Primary care requires a team of health professionals, workers, and volunteers having a judicious skill mix. Some initiatives have been taken by the government in states like Kerala, Assam, Chhattisgarh, etc., to strengthen the primary health care infrastructure and provide primary care as close to their homes as possible. Staff deficiencies were addressed and training was also provided to the untrained staff. The current review focuses on several other primary care organizations that are working in different parts of the country (rural and urban), for e.g. Healthspring, MeraDoctor, Swasth India, Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna (RSBY) Outpatient Pilot Program, etc. The current review also throws spot light on the type of primary health care system existing in countries like China, South Africa and Brazil. Some lacunae in service delivery are also identified and addressed so that changes can be incorporated at the policy and program level.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2021

Background: Researchers have proved Glycine to be safe, less abrasive, sweet and comfortable for ... more Background: Researchers have proved Glycine to be safe, less abrasive, sweet and comfortable for patients. It is beneficial in removing plaque as well as stains. The present study aims to compare the plaque and extrinsic stain removal efficacy of the air-polishing device and rubber cup prophylaxis technique along with a comparative evaluation of the gingival trauma caused by both the techniques. Method: This split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted on a total of 60 subjects in half of whom, left side was assigned to Glycine powder air polishing and the right side to rubber cup prophylaxis with (Glycine powder) and vice versa in the other half. All the subjects had their calculus removed one month prior to the intervention. Plaque index, Stain index and Trauma index were recorded and statistical analysis was done. Results: Both the techniques (RCP and AP) demonstrated a significant reduction in plaque and stains within their respective groups, but revealed non-significant differences between the study groups. Gingival trauma was found to be significantly higher in case of AP group. Rubber cup technique was preferred over air polishing by the subjects. Conclusion The data indicates that both the techniques were equally beneficial for plaque and stain removal, but rubber cup polishing technique has an advantage over the air polishing technique.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2020

The healthcare industry worldwide is undergoing a radical transformation. An enthusiastic healthc... more The healthcare industry worldwide is undergoing a radical transformation. An enthusiastic healthcare system of the Government of India (GOI) continually tries to tackle numerous challenges facing the system. The Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) program has provided secondary level healthcare facilities to more than 36 million families across most states in India. This particular health insurance initiative was taken by the GOI with the purpose to safeguard the pitiable or marginalized Indian population or those households who are facing economic risks due to hospitalization and their everyday expenditures. RSBY provides affordable and accessible healthcare services along with insurance coverage for secondary care. However, it is limited to inpatient treatment or hospitalization. For outpatient coverage many strategies have been applied but low enrolment is still an existing flaw under this streamer. The present paper discusses various features of RSBY, outpatient projects undertook, and various obstacles that can be removed to integrate this insurance scheme with primary healthcare in India.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2015

Background: Consumer Protection Act (CPA) aims to protect the interests of the patients in case o... more Background: Consumer Protection Act (CPA) aims to protect the interests of the patients in case of any unethical treatment rendered by a medical or a dental health professional. The present study was conducted to assess knowledge and awareness of CPA among dental professionals in a Tricity in India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 265 private dental practitioners in Tricity. A close-ended self-structured questionnaire was administered which contained 15 questions on knowledge and awareness regarding CPA. Categorization of knowledge scores was done at three levels-low, medium and high. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA and Student t-test. Results: 54.7% (145) of subjects were having low knowledge scores, 23.3% (62) had a medium score and 21.8% (58) had a high score. Mean knowledge score according to educational level was statistically significant (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in case of gender and type of practice (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that majority of the subjects were aware of the existence of CPA but knowledge regarding basic rules and regulations was lacking in few studies. Therefore, dental professionals need to keep them updated of various rules and latest amendments to save themselves from any litigation.

Noise and Health, 2010

This study was undertaken to assess heat and noise exposure and occupational safety practices in ... more This study was undertaken to assess heat and noise exposure and occupational safety practices in small and medium scale casting and forging units (SMEs) of Northern India. We conducted personal interviews of 350 male workers of these units through a comprehensive questionnaire and collected information on heat and noise exposure, use of protective equipment, sweat loss and water intake, working hour. The ambient wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT index) was measured using quest temp 34/36o area heat stress monitor. A-weighted Leq ambient noise was measured using a quest sound level meter "ANSI SI. 43-1997 (R 2002) type-1 model SOUNDPRO SE/DL". We also incorporated OSHA norms for hearing conservation which include-an exchange rate of 5dB(A), criterion level at 90dB(A), criterion time of eight hours, threshold level is equal to 80dB(A), upper limit is equal to 140dB(A) and with F/S response rate. Results of the study revealed that occupational heat exposure in melting, casting, forging and punching sections is high compared to ACGIH/NIOSH norms. Ambience noise in various sections like casting / molding, drop forging, cutting presses, punching, grinding and barreling process was found to be more than 90dB(A). About 95% of the workers suffered speech interference where as high noise annoyance was reported by only 20%. Overall, 68% workers were not using any personal protective equipment (PPE). The study concluded that the proportion of SME workers exposed to high level heat stress and noise (60-72 hrs/week) is high. The workers engaged in forging and grinding sections are more prone to noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) at higher frequencies as compared to workers of other sections. It is recommended that there is a strong need to implement the standard of working hours as well as heat stress and noise control measures.