Saroj Aryal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Saroj Aryal

The detailed kinetics and associated optical waveforms of the spectroelectrochemical sensor in co... more The detailed kinetics and associated optical waveforms of the spectroelectrochemical sensor in competitive binary mixtures of analytes are presented. The extension of the sensor concept to planar waveguide structures is described. Two different planar waveguide designs have been made and evaluated. One design was an asymmetric slab waveguide with the waveguide layer sandwiched between a silica substrate and a chemically-selective film. The other design was a channel waveguide, which consisted of an ion-exchanged channel between two gold electrodes in a 'bus bar' configuration. These new designs are described in detail and evaluation of them with respect to operation of the sensor in the near ultraviolet region is discussed. Results with the devices in demonstration of the novel spectroelectrochemical concept with three modes of selectivity are given. Instrumentation developed specifically for operation of the sensors and acquisition of sensor data is described.

A new type of spectroelectrochemical sensor that embodies tow modes of instrumental selectivity i... more A new type of spectroelectrochemical sensor that embodies tow modes of instrumental selectivity in addition to selective partitioning through an applied film barrier is described. The sensor consists of a planar optical substrate/electrode coated with a chemically-selective film. SEnsing is based on the change in the attenuation of light passing through the guided wave substrate which accompanies a chemical reaction of an analyte induced by electromodulation. Threefold selectivity for a chosen analyte relative to other environmental components is obtained by the choice of coating material, the electrolysis potential, and the wavelength for optical monitoring. The sensor concept is demonstrated with an indium tin oxide coated glass guided wave device that has been over-coated with a sol-gel derive charge-selective thin film. One such selective coating used was a charge-selective sol-gel processed Nafion-SiO2 composite film. Prototype analytes have been used to demonstrate that the change in the transmittance of the waveguide resulting from electrochemical oxidation/reduction can be used to quantify an analyte.

Drafts by Saroj Aryal

In the contemporary world, nations are playing their card of development and prosperity in region... more In the contemporary world, nations are playing their card of development and prosperity in regional level, as we see it. Interestingly we have got some successive and goal achievers in the context of regionalism. If we take the example of European Union (EU), Association of South East Asian Nation (ASEAN) and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), somehow they have got success in their objectives.
Regionalism is a kind of multinational grouping where they indicate and verify a common interest and goal and they work together to achieve those goals. Sometimes a reason for working together could be economic prosperity or sometime security. After Second World War nations have realized that they need to work as a one region to fight against their common problems.
My first chapter explains about definition and ideas about regionalism. What is regionalism? Why Regionalism is necessity of the hour? Second Chapter deals with efforts made by South Asian nations toward regional integration. Then, in the third chapter I have explained about the world’s most successful regional forum European Union. The model of regional integration is set example for rest of the world. Still, they have some bitter history, so this chapter covers the brief history of their regionalism.
In the next chapter, ASEAN is explained briefly. East Asian cooperation formed on 1967- Bangkok, Thailand, was established by the motto of Regional Economic co- operation, Social progress and cultural development. When they have signed ASEAN declaration there were five country; Indonesia, Malaysia, The Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and later on Brunei (1984), Viet Nam (1995), Lao, Myanmar (1997), Cambodia (1999) join this forum. “Accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region.
Their progression toward regional integration and economic prosperity is a good example for other ASIAN Nations, same to south Asia. Established on 1985 still SAARC, South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation, is more or less not functioning well.
It could be the size and the dominating development, both economic and social, which is stopping other member nations of SAARC to come together and contribute equal from their side. Or the model and levels of SAARC is not the right model.
My final chapter presents a model of Regionalism for South Asia. A model, which can function more efficiently then a current organization, SAARC

The detailed kinetics and associated optical waveforms of the spectroelectrochemical sensor in co... more The detailed kinetics and associated optical waveforms of the spectroelectrochemical sensor in competitive binary mixtures of analytes are presented. The extension of the sensor concept to planar waveguide structures is described. Two different planar waveguide designs have been made and evaluated. One design was an asymmetric slab waveguide with the waveguide layer sandwiched between a silica substrate and a chemically-selective film. The other design was a channel waveguide, which consisted of an ion-exchanged channel between two gold electrodes in a 'bus bar' configuration. These new designs are described in detail and evaluation of them with respect to operation of the sensor in the near ultraviolet region is discussed. Results with the devices in demonstration of the novel spectroelectrochemical concept with three modes of selectivity are given. Instrumentation developed specifically for operation of the sensors and acquisition of sensor data is described.

A new type of spectroelectrochemical sensor that embodies tow modes of instrumental selectivity i... more A new type of spectroelectrochemical sensor that embodies tow modes of instrumental selectivity in addition to selective partitioning through an applied film barrier is described. The sensor consists of a planar optical substrate/electrode coated with a chemically-selective film. SEnsing is based on the change in the attenuation of light passing through the guided wave substrate which accompanies a chemical reaction of an analyte induced by electromodulation. Threefold selectivity for a chosen analyte relative to other environmental components is obtained by the choice of coating material, the electrolysis potential, and the wavelength for optical monitoring. The sensor concept is demonstrated with an indium tin oxide coated glass guided wave device that has been over-coated with a sol-gel derive charge-selective thin film. One such selective coating used was a charge-selective sol-gel processed Nafion-SiO2 composite film. Prototype analytes have been used to demonstrate that the change in the transmittance of the waveguide resulting from electrochemical oxidation/reduction can be used to quantify an analyte.

In the contemporary world, nations are playing their card of development and prosperity in region... more In the contemporary world, nations are playing their card of development and prosperity in regional level, as we see it. Interestingly we have got some successive and goal achievers in the context of regionalism. If we take the example of European Union (EU), Association of South East Asian Nation (ASEAN) and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), somehow they have got success in their objectives.
Regionalism is a kind of multinational grouping where they indicate and verify a common interest and goal and they work together to achieve those goals. Sometimes a reason for working together could be economic prosperity or sometime security. After Second World War nations have realized that they need to work as a one region to fight against their common problems.
My first chapter explains about definition and ideas about regionalism. What is regionalism? Why Regionalism is necessity of the hour? Second Chapter deals with efforts made by South Asian nations toward regional integration. Then, in the third chapter I have explained about the world’s most successful regional forum European Union. The model of regional integration is set example for rest of the world. Still, they have some bitter history, so this chapter covers the brief history of their regionalism.
In the next chapter, ASEAN is explained briefly. East Asian cooperation formed on 1967- Bangkok, Thailand, was established by the motto of Regional Economic co- operation, Social progress and cultural development. When they have signed ASEAN declaration there were five country; Indonesia, Malaysia, The Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and later on Brunei (1984), Viet Nam (1995), Lao, Myanmar (1997), Cambodia (1999) join this forum. “Accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region.
Their progression toward regional integration and economic prosperity is a good example for other ASIAN Nations, same to south Asia. Established on 1985 still SAARC, South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation, is more or less not functioning well.
It could be the size and the dominating development, both economic and social, which is stopping other member nations of SAARC to come together and contribute equal from their side. Or the model and levels of SAARC is not the right model.
My final chapter presents a model of Regionalism for South Asia. A model, which can function more efficiently then a current organization, SAARC