Asghari Bano - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Asghari Bano

Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, 2019

Water stress causes significant losses to agriculture crops mostly grown in rainfed condition. Wa... more Water stress causes significant losses to agriculture crops mostly grown in rainfed condition. Water stress affects the plant–water relation that causes specific and nonspecific damages to crop. Water stress is categorized as the dominant abiotic stress that is responsible for secondary stresses including oxidative stress that has hazardous effects on the biomolecules of cell. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculated plants grow well under biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant survival in abiotic stresses defends on many adaptations and mitigation strategies. PGPR play dominant role in protecting plants from these stresses either directly or indirectly. PGPR colonize the rhizosphere and impose tolerance by producing different metabolites and other volatile compounds and by regulating gene expression and altering root morphology under water scarcity. PGPR influence physiology of plant in response to drought. Considerable growth in cereals has been noted in response to bacterial inoculation. PGPRs like Azospirillum , Pseudomonas , Bacillus and Azotobacter are associated with plant roots, improve shoot and root growth and drought tolerance; however, current works unveiled that PGPRs not have just stimulated the systemic tolerance to abiotic stresses but also improve nutrient uptake.

Rhizotrophs: Plant Growth Promotion to Bioremediation, 2017

The rhizo-deposition provides energy and nutritional inputs to soil with selection of large and d... more The rhizo-deposition provides energy and nutritional inputs to soil with selection of large and distinct community of metabolically active soil microbiota that carries many biochemical transformations. Positive effects of Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Azospirillum on the mitigation of salt stress in inoculated plants have been documented. However, information is scarce regarding the mode of action of the beneficial microbes in improving salt tolerance to host plants. This chapter deals with the salt tolerance potential of rhizobacteria and their mechanism in planta. It has been shown that cooperative microbial activities can be exploited as a low input biotechnology. Addition of osmoprotectants increases tolerance of the microbes to salt. Difference in the utilization of C/N sources also makes the difference in the salt tolerance of rhizobia. Field experiments should be conducted with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from stressed areas. Furthermore, efficiency of growth regulators previously used to ameliorate salt stress should be monitored in combination with PGPR, which may be useful as future strategy to mitigate salt stress for agriculture productivity and environmental sustainability. The mechanism of salt tolerance in PGPR appears similar to that of growth regulators applied exogenously to plants.

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology

Journal of Plant Pathology, 2020

The present investigation deals with the comparative study of plant growth promoting rhizobacteri... more The present investigation deals with the comparative study of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), salicylic acid (SA), and Ag-nanoparticle (AgNPs) on the physiology, sugar metabolism and yield of two varieties of wheat V-1 (GA 2002) and V-2 (Inqalab-91), differing in sensitivity to yellow rust. The study was based on the hypothesis that bacteria from stressed habitat may have better biocontrol potential than that of the normal condition. Three PGPR strains Bacillus cereus, Bacillus spp., and Burkholderia sp. were used as bioinoculant. The former two were isolated from the rhizosphere of wheat previously infected with rust and powdery mildew respectively and Burkholderia sp. was isolated from the rhizosphere of uninfected wheat. The seeds were soaked for 2 h prior to sowing in the broth culture of PGPR strains and SA. The AgNPs were applied as foliar spray (60 days after sowing). Yellow rust was induced 68 days after sowing. The treatments with Bacillus cereus, AgNPs, and SA effectively reduced the yellow rust in wheat as measured by AUDPC (area under production curve). Bacillus cereus significantly stimulated phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity. The abscisic acid (ABA), SA, indole acetic acid (IAA), and gibberellin (GA), the chlorophyll, and carotenoids contents were also increased in the sensitive variety (infected with yellow rust) following PGPR application. PGPR further augmented the activities of antioxidant enzymes and proline content. The biological yield was significantly higher in plants inoculated with Bacillus cereus. Bacillus cereus appears to act synergistically with SA to increase grain size. The tolerance to yellow rust is mediated by increase in the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ABA content. AgNPs delay maturity and have a greater impact on the accumulation of photosynthates. Bacillus cereus can act synergistically with SA to improve total sugar content of flag leaves + grain. The AgNPs can be supplemented with Bacillus cereus for enhanced sugar production and sugar translocation to grains. AgNps and Bacillus cereus exhibit similar biocontrol potential against yellow rust as evidenced by AUDPC and PAL activity, but the Bacillus cereus superseded on AgNPs with respect to production of phytohormones, effect being more pronounced in the sensitive variety Inqalab-91.

Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2015

Effect of boron on photosynthesis and antioxidant response to rapeseed yield was studied by the f... more Effect of boron on photosynthesis and antioxidant response to rapeseed yield was studied by the field experimentation along with plant analysis during the winter season of 2010 and 2011. The field experimentation was conducted by split plot design with three replications consisting of two factors such as i) two rapeseed cultivars (viz. Xiangzayou 1613 and 0913581613), assigned in main plots and ii) five boron levels (viz. 0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5 and 18.0 kgha -1 ) imposed in the sub-plots. The rate of photosynthesis increased with increasing boron level upto 9.0 kgha -1 with simultaneous increase in photosynthetically active radiation, rate of transpiration and stomatal conductance and decrease in intercellular CO2 concentration in both cultivars, while reverse trend was shown with further increase of B concentration. B @ 9.0 kgha -1 improved the activities of antioxidant protective enzyme of SOD and POD and decreased the accumulation of MDA content in the both cultivars. Dry matter trans...

Experiencing the adverse effects of synthetic chemical fertilizers in agriculture production the ... more Experiencing the adverse effects of synthetic chemical fertilizers in agriculture production the concept of biofertilizers has gained interest currently. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the integrated role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and chemical fertilizers on growth and yield attributes of safflower during growing season of 2009-10 and 2010-11. The chemical fertilizers were applied at full (Urea 60 Kg ha -1 and DAP @ 30 Kg ha-1), half (Urea 30 Kg ha-1 and DAP 15 Kg ha-1) and quarter doses (Urea 15 Kg ha-1 and DAP 7.5 Kg ha -1 ). The PGPR (Azospirillum brasilense and Azotobacter vinelandii) were applied as seed inoculation @10 6 cells/ml. Maximum plant height, number of branches/plant, leaf chlorophyll and leaf area was recorded in Azospirillum and Azotobacter with full dose of chemical fertilizers and with full dose of chemical fertilizers treatments alone while maximum number of capitulum/plant, capitulum weight and seed yield was shown by Azospirillum brasilense supplemented with half dose of chemical fertilizers. Maximum achene oil contents were recorded in Azospirillum treatment supplemented with half dose of chemical fertilizers and Azotobacter+full dose of chemical fertilizers. The PGPR improved plant growth and yield by reducing the use of chemical fertilizer (50 %), hence leading towards sustainable agriculture production.

Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2010

This paper describes the impact of salt stress on changes in the level of Abscisic acid (ABA) and... more This paper describes the impact of salt stress on changes in the level of Abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinins as signal molecules communicated through root-to-shoot in rice. The study focus to investigate the time related changes in the salt induced ABA and cytokinins accumulation concomitant with the changes in water potential and stomatal conductance of salt stressed plants. Seeds of 3 rice varieties were grown in plastic pots in phytotron. The changes in the level of abscisic acid (ABA), transzeatin riboside (t-zr) and 2-isopentyl adenine (2-ipa) were monitored in xylem sap and leaves of three rice varieties viz. BAS-385 (salt-sensitive), BG-402 (moderately tolerant) and NIAB-6 (tolerant). The salt solution (NaCl,1.2 dSm -1 ) was added to the rooting medium after transplanting when plants were 50 d old. There was delay in response of stomata to salt treatment in BAS-385 as opposed to earlier increase in leaf resistance in BG-402 and NIAB-6. The stem water potential increased sharp...

The present study was aimed to determine physiological responses of the selected halophytes Suaed... more The present study was aimed to determine physiological responses of the selected halophytes Suaeda fruticosa Forsk, Atriplex leucoclada Boiss, Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) and Salicornica verginica L. concomitant with the determination of soil characteristics collected from district Mardan. Haloxylon salicornicum present the highest concentration of K, Ca and Mg ions in its leaves as compared to the other three selected halophytes, whereas Fe, Cu, Zn and heavy metals like Co and Ni were higher in Atriplex leucoclada. The analysis of the physiological response mechanisms showed that Atriplex leucoclada possessed higher chlorophyll a/b ratio and protein content. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD) and Catalase (CAT) activities were found higher in the leaves of Haloxylon salicornicum. The production of abscisic acid (ABA) was significantly higher as compared to indole acetic acid (IAA) in all the selected plants. Atriplex leucoclada Suaeda fruticosa and Salicornica verginica...

The present investigation deals with antibacterial and antifungal activities of four selected hal... more The present investigation deals with antibacterial and antifungal activities of four selected halophytes belonging to family Chenopodiaceae. Crude methanolic extracts from leaves of Suaeda fruticosa Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel., Atriplex leucoclada Boiss., Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge ex Boiss., and Salicornica virginica L. were used in two concentrations (100 mg/ml and 75 mg/ml) against four bacterial (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6059, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 7221 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538) and two fungal strains (Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans). These halophytes were collected from District Mardan. Plant extracts were less effective against selected bacterial and fungal strains in comparison to chloramphenicol and terbinafine. Extracts from Haloxylon salicornicum and Salicornica virginica showed less activity against bacterial and fungal species than extracts from Suaeda fruticosa and Atriplex leucoclada.

Annals of Botany, 1986

Page 1. Annals of Botany 58, 281-283, 1986 281 Effect of Abscisic Acid on Nodule Morphology, Nitr... more Page 1. Annals of Botany 58, 281-283, 1986 281 Effect of Abscisic Acid on Nodule Morphology, Nitrogenase Activity and H2 Evolution in Faba vulgaris ASGHARI BANO* and JOHN R. HILLMAN Department of Botany, Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK ...

Plant Growth Regulation, 2017

Soil and Environment, 2012

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2015

The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the physiological mechanism of adaptation of salt... more The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the physiological mechanism of adaptation of salt tolerance in Suaeda fruticosa at various phenological stages with varying levels of soil salinity of the selected districts via determining ion accumulation, growth response, osmolyte accumulation, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Randomized complete block design in the selected districts was used with plots sized 6 m × 9 m2, having 5 rows that were 2 m long and 30 cm apart, in triplicate. Suaeda fruticosa maintained its chlorophyll a/b ratio even at the greater electrical conductivity of rhizospheric soil at Peshawar, which is indicative of its better adaptability. For Suaeda fruticosa it has been concluded that the species collected from District Peshawar exhibited a significant increase in contents of sugar, proline, and protein as compared to the species collected from other districts, whereas superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and carotenoid content was maximum for the species collected from District Mardan.

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 1999

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2014

Although phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms play a positive role in plant growth, their role i... more Although phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms play a positive role in plant growth, their role in plant growth and root nodulation in combination with Rhizobium and Enterobacter has not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, only information exists regarding the effect of inoculation at successive stages of nodulation. The present study aimed to monitor the changes in the production of Indole acetic acid (IAA) and Gibberellin (GA3) in the roots of soybean during and after nodulation (25 DAS and 40 DAS) and in the rhizosphere soil following inoculation with two different strains of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSM I, strain CA 18 and PSM II, strain 54RB), Enterobacter strain A and BradyRhizobium Japonicum strain Tal 377. The effects of inoculation on the available NO−3, K, and P content of soil were studied at harvest. Beneficial effects of inoculation with Rhizobium, Enterobacter, and PSM I and II were obtained in all growth parameters of soybean. Co-inoculation resulted in maximum increase in IAA and GA content, plant biomass, root nodulation, number, weight and length of pods as compared with control (non-inoculated) and single-inoculation plants. The soil of the inoculated plants also showed higher IAA and GA content over.

Pak. J. Bot, 2009

Leaves of four herbaceous alpine plant species were collected during summer, 2002 from two differ... more Leaves of four herbaceous alpine plant species were collected during summer, 2002 from two different altitudes viz., 3,000-3,500 m a.s.l. from the east-facing slope of Ultar pasture of Hunza valley, Pakistan to determine the protein, proline, sugar and abscisic acid (ABA) contents of leaves. The average maximum temperature recorded during the months of July and August varied from 22ºC to 24ºC and minimum temperatures varied between 11ºC to 13ºC, whereas average maximum humidity varied from 39-35% and minimum varied from 19 to 21% respectively. Soils of Ultar are acidic. At the altitude of 3,000 m a.s.l. Galium aparine L. showed the maximum endogenous ABA; Onobrychis dealbata Stocks., showed the highest sugar and protein content, whereas Polygonum alpinum All., exhibited maximum proline. All the plant species showed a general trend for increased accumulation of protein, sugar, proline and free endogenous ABA in leaves at high altitude. The extent of increase appears to be determined by the basal level of the above mentioned biochemical contents and is necessary for survival of that species at high altitude.

International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, 2011

Symbiosis, 2010

This study examined the influence of three inoculant strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Thal-8,... more This study examined the influence of three inoculant strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Thal-8, Tal 620, Dulawala) on the ability of chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L.) to adapt to drought-stress. Strain Thal-8 was most effective in the root-nodule symbiosis and also partially alleviated decreased growth and yield imposed by drought stress. Strain Thal-8, in pure culture, also produced higher amounts of gibberellic acid (GA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and lower amounts of abscisic acid (ABA) than the other two test strains. Thal-8 increased the root biomass, GA and IAA contents of leaves of chickpea plants, including ICC 4948NN, a non-nodulating line. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that GA and IAA is produced by the Thal-8 strain and/or elevates levels of these phytohormones in chickpeas. This contributes to its high performance as a nitrogen-fixing microsymbiont. The growth-promoting response evoked by different strains of Bradyrhizobium correlated with higher ratios of GA and IAA relative to ABA phytohormones in the plants.

Journal of Plant Interactions, 2014

The present study deals with the isolation and characterization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produ... more The present study deals with the isolation and characterization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from arid and semiarid regions of Pakistan, and to investigate the drought tolerance potential of these PGPR on maize when used as bioinoculant alone and in combination with their respective EPS. Three bacterial strains Proteus penneri (Pp1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa2), and Alcaligenes faecalis (AF3) were selected as EPS-producing bacteria on the basis of mucoid colony formation. All these strains were gram negative, motile, and positive for catalase. Strain Pp1 was positive for oxidase test and was phosphate solubilizing, while Pa2 and AF3 were negative. The isolated strains were sequenced using 16SrRNA. Total soluble sugar, protein, uronic acid, emulsification activity, and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy of EPS were determined. Drought stress had significant adverse effects on growth of maize seedlings. Seed bacterization of maize with EPS-producing bacterial strains in combination with their respective EPS improved soil moisture contents, plant biomass, root and shoot length, and leaf area. Under drought stress, the inoculated plants showed increase in relative water content, protein, and sugar though the proline content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were decreased. The Pa2 strain isolated from semiarid region was most potent PGPR under drought stress. Consortia of inocula and their respective EPS showed greater potential to drought tolerance compared to PGPR inocula used alone.