Ashwini Aithal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ashwini Aithal

Research paper thumbnail of Morphometric evaluation of human tendocalcaneus: a cadaveric study of south indian male population

Muscles, ligaments and tendons journal

Tendocalcaneus or Achilles tendon is formed by the fusion of the tendons of gastrocnemius and sol... more Tendocalcaneus or Achilles tendon is formed by the fusion of the tendons of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Normal morphometric measurements of tendo-calcaneus serves an important landmark in its anthropometric evaluation and biomechanical characteristics. Hence the objective of this study was to provide detailed morphometric profile of tendocalcaneus in south indian cadaveric male population. A total of 64 dissected adult limbs was studied. Out of the 64 limbs: 37 belonged to right side while 27 were of the left side. These limbs were dissected to expose the extent of tendocalcaneus. Total length, proximal width and proximal circumference of the tendon, distal width and distal circumference of the tendon was measured. Results were tabulated and correlated using SPSS. Tendon length, width and circumference showed no statistically significant differences between the right and left side. However significant correlation was observed between proximal width and distal widths, proximal ...

Research paper thumbnail of An unusual case of duplicated popliteal vein and its effect on the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of The Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and Heart Disease

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of A South Indian Cadaveric Study About the Relationship of Hepatic Segment of Inferior Vena Cava with the Liver

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2016

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) is the largest vein of the body. It runs vertically upwards in the abdom... more Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) is the largest vein of the body. It runs vertically upwards in the abdomen, behind the liver. Its course is very constant in relation to liver. However, the amount of liver parenchyma related to it can vary from person to person. The data regarding its course and relations may be very useful to radiologists and surgeons during surgical treatment procedures for Budd-Chiari syndrome, liver carcinoma, liver transplant, venous cannulations and many other clinical procedures. Aim of this study was to document the incidence of straight and curved course of IVC in relation to liver and also to note the pattern in which the liver tissue was related to the IVC. In the current study, 95 adult cadaveric livers were observed; specifically to study the course/direction of the hepatic segment of IVC in relation to the liver. The extent of liver tissue related to various aspects of IVC was also studied. The course of the IVC was classified as straight and curved; and the r...

Research paper thumbnail of High incidence of persistence of sacral and coccygeal intervertebral discs in South Indians - a cadaveric study

The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 2016

The sacrum, by virtue of its anatomic location plays a key role in providing stability and streng... more The sacrum, by virtue of its anatomic location plays a key role in providing stability and strength to the pelvis. Presence of intervertebral discs in sacrum and coccyx is rare. Knowledge of its variations is of utmost importance to surgeons and radiologists. The current study focused on the presence of intervertebral discs between the sacral and coccygeal vertebrae in south Indian cadaveric pelvises. We observed 56 adult pelvises of which, 34 (61%) pelvises showed the presence of intervertebral discs between the sacral vertebrae and between the coccygeal vertebrae, while 22 (39%) pelvises did not have the intervertebral discs either in the sacrum or the coccyx. We also found that most of the specimens had discs between S1 and S2 vertebrae (39%), followed by, between S4 and S5 (18%), between S2-S3 (14%) and least being between S3-S4 (13%). In the coccyx it was found that 7% of pelvises had disc between Co1-Co2, 4% of them had between Co2-Co3 and 4% had between Co3-Co4. Knowledge reg...

Research paper thumbnail of Question of the Day": Impact on learning and retention

Kathmandu University medical journal (KUMJ)

Background Studying regularly has been a known method for better memory and long term retention o... more Background Studying regularly has been a known method for better memory and long term retention of a subject. Getting students to study on a regular basis has been tried in many ways and its impact is increased if they understand the importance and value the efficiency of it. Objectives With large number of students, it would be a time consuming process to follow one on one interactions or study sessions. Hence, we introduced a new strategy, the "Question of the Day", which is interesting, challenging and most of all; it has produced positive influence on the examination performance of the students who performed this task. Main objective of this study was to make students answer questions related to the topics taught every day. Method Regular studying and updating the subject knowledge was provided through Question of the Day (Annexure-1). The students were given the questions on a regular basis during dissection classes and were asked to document the answers for those que...

Research paper thumbnail of A South Indian cadaveric study on obturator neurovascular bundle with a special emphasis on high prevalence of ‘venous corona mortis’

Injury, 2016

Surgical procedures in the pelvic region are very challenging because of the complex anatomy of t... more Surgical procedures in the pelvic region are very challenging because of the complex anatomy of this region. "Corona mortis" is a term used to describe retro-pubic anastomosis between the obturator and external iliac vessels. It is considered as a key structure as significant haemorrhage may occur if the vessels are cut accidentally during pelvic surgeries. Earlier studies have documented a high frequency of venous anastomosis compared to its arterial counterpart. The objective of our study was to document the prevalence of venous corona mortis in South Indian human adult cadaveric pelvises. We conducted this study on 73 cadaveric pelvic halves. Out of the 73 hemi pelvises, 36 were normal without any variations of the obturator vessels while 37 hemi pelvises (51%) showed the presence of abnormal obturator vessels which proves to be a very high incidence in terms of variations. Out of the 37 hemi pelvises, 25 (68%) showed the presence of 2 obturator veins, out of which 1 was normal and the other was an abnormal obturator vein. 8 hemi pelvises (22%) had only abnormal obturator vein. Most of the abnormal obturator veins drained into the external iliac vein, while two veins drained into inferior epigastric veins. Venous corona mortis is said to be frequently encountered during surgery and is considered to be as important as arterial corona mortis in its clinical implications. Individual evaluation of this risky anatomical structure should be done prior to any surgical interventions.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of numerical and positional variations of the hepatic veins: A cadaveric study

Journal of Cardiovascular Echography, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Is There a Correlation between Languages Spoken and Intricate Movements of Tongue? A Comparative Study of Various Movements of Tongue among the Three Ethnic Races of Malaysia

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2016

Tongue is mainly used for taste, chewing and in speech. In the present study, we focused on the s... more Tongue is mainly used for taste, chewing and in speech. In the present study, we focused on the secondary function of the tongue as to how it is used in phonetic pronunciation and linguistics and how these factors affect tongue movements. To compare all possible movements of tongue among Malaysians belonging to three ethnic races and to find out if there is any link between languages spoken and ability to perform various tongue movements. A total of 450 undergraduate medical students participated in the study. The students were chosen from three different races i.e. Malays, Chinese and Indians (Malaysian Indians). Data was collected from the students through a semi-structured interview following which each student was asked to demonstrate various tongue movements like protrusion, retraction, flattening, rolling, twisting, folding or any other special movements. The data obtained was first segregated and analysed according to gender, race and types and dialects of languages spoken. We found that most of the Malaysians were able to perform the basic movements of tongue like protrusion, flattening movements and very few were able to perform twisting and folding of the tongue. The ability to perform normal tongue movements and special movements like folding, twisting, rolling and others was higher among Indians when compared to Malay and Chinese. Languages spoken by Indians involve detailed tongue rolling and folding in pronouncing certain words and may be the reason as to why Indians are more versatile with tongue movements as compared to the other two races amongst Malaysians. It may be a possibility that languages spoken by a person serves as a variable that increases their ability to perform special tongue movements besides influenced by the genetic makeup of a person.

Research paper thumbnail of Variation in the branching pattern of celiac trunk A case report

Journal of Morphological Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Absence of the Superior Belly of the Omohyoid Muscle: A Case Report

The omohyoid muscle is one of the infrahyoid muscles of the neck. It has superior and inferior be... more The omohyoid muscle is one of the infrahyoid muscles of the neck. It has superior and inferior bellies and an intermediate tendon. Variations in the omohyoid muscle are quite rare.

Research paper thumbnail of Possible entrapment of external jugular vein in the supraclavicular triangle by the presence of accessory cleido-occipitalis muscle

Saudi Journal for Health Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Subscapular Arterial Entrapment between Two Roots of Median Nerve with Concurent Higher Division of Radial Nerve– A Case Report

Research paper thumbnail of Unusual jejunal tributaries of the splenic vein and their surgical importance: a case report

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the Perception on Humanitarian Issues from the Health Science Students of Indian and Malaysian Nationality: A Cross Sectional Study

Education in Medicine Journal, 2015

The idea of humanitarianism is evolving with progressing life. Awareness about this global issue ... more The idea of humanitarianism is evolving with progressing life. Awareness about this global issue has to be emphasized particularly among the younger generation and thus be encouraged to be exposed and involved in humanitarian projects in need. Being responsible citizens of the country one should develop concern about the humanitarian issues, and this attitude needs to be developed from student life. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted on 200 participants of the Malaysian and Indian (100 each) health science students using faculty validated close ended questionnaire. Results of the data were analyzed statistically by testing with chi square analysis from SPSS software. Results: From the present study, it has been observed that, despite the cultural and economical diversity between the two nations, there was no observable difference in student's point of view on humanitarian issues in most of the areas concerned. Overall evaluation also reflected effect of the socio-economic status of the countries on the perception of the issue amongst the students. Conclusion: Despite of different geography, diverse culture and dissimilar socio-economic status, the need of concern towards humanitarian issues is observable. Students of both nations have positive attitude towards the humanitarian issues as well.

Research paper thumbnail of The venous chiasma between the basilic vein and the brachial vein: a case report

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2012

Variations in the venous pattern of the arm are common. In this case report, we are presenting th... more Variations in the venous pattern of the arm are common. In this case report, we are presenting the variations of the brachial vein and the basilic vein.During the routine dissections which were done by medical undergraduate students, we observed some variations in the veins of the upper limb. In the current case, there was only one brachial vein which accompanied the brachial artery. The basilic vein originated from the medial side of the dorsal venous network, ascended along the medial side of the forearm and joined the brachial vein to form the axillary vein at the distal border of the teres major muscle. The basilic vein and the brachial vein joined with one another in the middle of the arm to form a unique venous chiasma.A large number of invasive procedures are carried out by using the veins of the upper limb, particularly in and distal to the axillary region. This type of a venous chiasma may lead to complications in these procedures.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of the variant anatomical disposition of the renal hilar structures in South Indian adult human cadavers and its cinical implications

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2013

To evaluate the anatomical disposition of the renal hilar structures in human cadavers of south I... more To evaluate the anatomical disposition of the renal hilar structures in human cadavers of south Indian origin, considering their antero-posterior distribution. Ninty-six renal hila of the isolated kidneys from adult south Indian cadavers were observed for the branching patterns and the distributions of the renal hilar structures. The number of branches of the renal artery and the divisions of the renal vein in the pre hilar region were noted, along with their pattern of arrangement with respect to the renal pelvis. In the present study on the pre hilar region, we observed that the highest division of the renal artery was 8 and that the highest incidence was of 4 divisions of the renal artery in 30.2% cases. The highest number of venous divisions which was observed was 7. The highest incidence of 40.6 % cases showed 2 divisions of the veins. Regarding the patterns of arrangement of these structures, we observed 12 patterns of arrangement, with a higher incidence (45.8%) of the classi...

Research paper thumbnail of Anomalous origin and vulnerable course of left colic artery in relation to the pancreas—A case report

Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research, 2013

We report here an anomalous origin and course of left colic artery in relation to pancreas during... more We report here an anomalous origin and course of left colic artery in relation to pancreas during routine dissection of the abdominal region in a 70-year-old male cadaver in the department of anatomy. The anomalous left colic artery took its origin from the superior mesenteric artery and immediately divided into right and left branches. The right branch passed through the transverse mesocolon to supply the left one third of the transverse colon. The left branch traversed to the left along the inferior border of the body of the pancreas and crossed the left kidney before supplying the left colic flexure of colon and descending colon. This aberrant course of the left branch of the left colic artery can be considered as a "vulnerable" course as it is liable to injury during pancreatic and renal surgeries since the artery is not expected to run along the inferior border of the pancreas. The pancreas, a retroperitoneal organ, is related to major arteries such as abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, coeliac trunk and its main branches, superior mesenteric vessels, splenic and portal veins. Surgery of the pancreas therefore, not only needs a thorough knowledge of the normal course of branches of these vessels but also demands a good knowledge of possible anomalous vessels arising in this region.

Research paper thumbnail of Presence of Arteriovenous Communication between Left Testicular Vessels and Its Clinical Significance

Case Reports in Vascular Medicine, 2014

Maintenance of testicular temperature below body temperature is essential for the process of sper... more Maintenance of testicular temperature below body temperature is essential for the process of spermatogenesis. This process of thermoregulation is mainly achieved by testicular veins through pampiniform venous plexus of the testis by absorbing the heat conveyed by the testicular arteries. However, this mechanism of thermoregulation may be hampered if an abnormal communication exists between the testicular vessels. We report herewith a rare case of arteriovenous communication between testicular artery and testicular vein on left side. The calibre of the communicating vessel was almost similar to left testicular artery. Such abnormal communication may obstruct the flow of blood in the vein by causing impairment in the perfusion pressure with the eventual high risk of varicocele.

Research paper thumbnail of Unusual infra-clavicular venous circle - a case report

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2014

Currently, numerous invasive procedures are preferred in cephalic vein (CV) and axillary vein (AV... more Currently, numerous invasive procedures are preferred in cephalic vein (CV) and axillary vein (AV) than other veins in the neck. Anatomical variations of these veins in the axilla and delto-pectoral region may result in failure and postoperative complications of the procedures. A thorough knowledge of possible variations of AV and CV may immensely contribute to the success of any such procedures where the veins are involved. We report the variations of the CV, tributaries of AV and median cubital vein. We observed a venous circle formed by the tributaries of AV in the infra-clavicular region, deep to the pectoral muscles. Cephalic vein joined proximal end of venous circle just before ending into AV. Further, duplication of the median cubital vein was observed.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphometric evaluation of human tendocalcaneus: a cadaveric study of south indian male population

Muscles, ligaments and tendons journal

Tendocalcaneus or Achilles tendon is formed by the fusion of the tendons of gastrocnemius and sol... more Tendocalcaneus or Achilles tendon is formed by the fusion of the tendons of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Normal morphometric measurements of tendo-calcaneus serves an important landmark in its anthropometric evaluation and biomechanical characteristics. Hence the objective of this study was to provide detailed morphometric profile of tendocalcaneus in south indian cadaveric male population. A total of 64 dissected adult limbs was studied. Out of the 64 limbs: 37 belonged to right side while 27 were of the left side. These limbs were dissected to expose the extent of tendocalcaneus. Total length, proximal width and proximal circumference of the tendon, distal width and distal circumference of the tendon was measured. Results were tabulated and correlated using SPSS. Tendon length, width and circumference showed no statistically significant differences between the right and left side. However significant correlation was observed between proximal width and distal widths, proximal ...

Research paper thumbnail of An unusual case of duplicated popliteal vein and its effect on the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of The Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and Heart Disease

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of A South Indian Cadaveric Study About the Relationship of Hepatic Segment of Inferior Vena Cava with the Liver

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2016

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) is the largest vein of the body. It runs vertically upwards in the abdom... more Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) is the largest vein of the body. It runs vertically upwards in the abdomen, behind the liver. Its course is very constant in relation to liver. However, the amount of liver parenchyma related to it can vary from person to person. The data regarding its course and relations may be very useful to radiologists and surgeons during surgical treatment procedures for Budd-Chiari syndrome, liver carcinoma, liver transplant, venous cannulations and many other clinical procedures. Aim of this study was to document the incidence of straight and curved course of IVC in relation to liver and also to note the pattern in which the liver tissue was related to the IVC. In the current study, 95 adult cadaveric livers were observed; specifically to study the course/direction of the hepatic segment of IVC in relation to the liver. The extent of liver tissue related to various aspects of IVC was also studied. The course of the IVC was classified as straight and curved; and the r...

Research paper thumbnail of High incidence of persistence of sacral and coccygeal intervertebral discs in South Indians - a cadaveric study

The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 2016

The sacrum, by virtue of its anatomic location plays a key role in providing stability and streng... more The sacrum, by virtue of its anatomic location plays a key role in providing stability and strength to the pelvis. Presence of intervertebral discs in sacrum and coccyx is rare. Knowledge of its variations is of utmost importance to surgeons and radiologists. The current study focused on the presence of intervertebral discs between the sacral and coccygeal vertebrae in south Indian cadaveric pelvises. We observed 56 adult pelvises of which, 34 (61%) pelvises showed the presence of intervertebral discs between the sacral vertebrae and between the coccygeal vertebrae, while 22 (39%) pelvises did not have the intervertebral discs either in the sacrum or the coccyx. We also found that most of the specimens had discs between S1 and S2 vertebrae (39%), followed by, between S4 and S5 (18%), between S2-S3 (14%) and least being between S3-S4 (13%). In the coccyx it was found that 7% of pelvises had disc between Co1-Co2, 4% of them had between Co2-Co3 and 4% had between Co3-Co4. Knowledge reg...

Research paper thumbnail of Question of the Day": Impact on learning and retention

Kathmandu University medical journal (KUMJ)

Background Studying regularly has been a known method for better memory and long term retention o... more Background Studying regularly has been a known method for better memory and long term retention of a subject. Getting students to study on a regular basis has been tried in many ways and its impact is increased if they understand the importance and value the efficiency of it. Objectives With large number of students, it would be a time consuming process to follow one on one interactions or study sessions. Hence, we introduced a new strategy, the "Question of the Day", which is interesting, challenging and most of all; it has produced positive influence on the examination performance of the students who performed this task. Main objective of this study was to make students answer questions related to the topics taught every day. Method Regular studying and updating the subject knowledge was provided through Question of the Day (Annexure-1). The students were given the questions on a regular basis during dissection classes and were asked to document the answers for those que...

Research paper thumbnail of A South Indian cadaveric study on obturator neurovascular bundle with a special emphasis on high prevalence of ‘venous corona mortis’

Injury, 2016

Surgical procedures in the pelvic region are very challenging because of the complex anatomy of t... more Surgical procedures in the pelvic region are very challenging because of the complex anatomy of this region. "Corona mortis" is a term used to describe retro-pubic anastomosis between the obturator and external iliac vessels. It is considered as a key structure as significant haemorrhage may occur if the vessels are cut accidentally during pelvic surgeries. Earlier studies have documented a high frequency of venous anastomosis compared to its arterial counterpart. The objective of our study was to document the prevalence of venous corona mortis in South Indian human adult cadaveric pelvises. We conducted this study on 73 cadaveric pelvic halves. Out of the 73 hemi pelvises, 36 were normal without any variations of the obturator vessels while 37 hemi pelvises (51%) showed the presence of abnormal obturator vessels which proves to be a very high incidence in terms of variations. Out of the 37 hemi pelvises, 25 (68%) showed the presence of 2 obturator veins, out of which 1 was normal and the other was an abnormal obturator vein. 8 hemi pelvises (22%) had only abnormal obturator vein. Most of the abnormal obturator veins drained into the external iliac vein, while two veins drained into inferior epigastric veins. Venous corona mortis is said to be frequently encountered during surgery and is considered to be as important as arterial corona mortis in its clinical implications. Individual evaluation of this risky anatomical structure should be done prior to any surgical interventions.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of numerical and positional variations of the hepatic veins: A cadaveric study

Journal of Cardiovascular Echography, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Is There a Correlation between Languages Spoken and Intricate Movements of Tongue? A Comparative Study of Various Movements of Tongue among the Three Ethnic Races of Malaysia

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2016

Tongue is mainly used for taste, chewing and in speech. In the present study, we focused on the s... more Tongue is mainly used for taste, chewing and in speech. In the present study, we focused on the secondary function of the tongue as to how it is used in phonetic pronunciation and linguistics and how these factors affect tongue movements. To compare all possible movements of tongue among Malaysians belonging to three ethnic races and to find out if there is any link between languages spoken and ability to perform various tongue movements. A total of 450 undergraduate medical students participated in the study. The students were chosen from three different races i.e. Malays, Chinese and Indians (Malaysian Indians). Data was collected from the students through a semi-structured interview following which each student was asked to demonstrate various tongue movements like protrusion, retraction, flattening, rolling, twisting, folding or any other special movements. The data obtained was first segregated and analysed according to gender, race and types and dialects of languages spoken. We found that most of the Malaysians were able to perform the basic movements of tongue like protrusion, flattening movements and very few were able to perform twisting and folding of the tongue. The ability to perform normal tongue movements and special movements like folding, twisting, rolling and others was higher among Indians when compared to Malay and Chinese. Languages spoken by Indians involve detailed tongue rolling and folding in pronouncing certain words and may be the reason as to why Indians are more versatile with tongue movements as compared to the other two races amongst Malaysians. It may be a possibility that languages spoken by a person serves as a variable that increases their ability to perform special tongue movements besides influenced by the genetic makeup of a person.

Research paper thumbnail of Variation in the branching pattern of celiac trunk A case report

Journal of Morphological Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Absence of the Superior Belly of the Omohyoid Muscle: A Case Report

The omohyoid muscle is one of the infrahyoid muscles of the neck. It has superior and inferior be... more The omohyoid muscle is one of the infrahyoid muscles of the neck. It has superior and inferior bellies and an intermediate tendon. Variations in the omohyoid muscle are quite rare.

Research paper thumbnail of Possible entrapment of external jugular vein in the supraclavicular triangle by the presence of accessory cleido-occipitalis muscle

Saudi Journal for Health Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Subscapular Arterial Entrapment between Two Roots of Median Nerve with Concurent Higher Division of Radial Nerve– A Case Report

Research paper thumbnail of Unusual jejunal tributaries of the splenic vein and their surgical importance: a case report

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the Perception on Humanitarian Issues from the Health Science Students of Indian and Malaysian Nationality: A Cross Sectional Study

Education in Medicine Journal, 2015

The idea of humanitarianism is evolving with progressing life. Awareness about this global issue ... more The idea of humanitarianism is evolving with progressing life. Awareness about this global issue has to be emphasized particularly among the younger generation and thus be encouraged to be exposed and involved in humanitarian projects in need. Being responsible citizens of the country one should develop concern about the humanitarian issues, and this attitude needs to be developed from student life. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted on 200 participants of the Malaysian and Indian (100 each) health science students using faculty validated close ended questionnaire. Results of the data were analyzed statistically by testing with chi square analysis from SPSS software. Results: From the present study, it has been observed that, despite the cultural and economical diversity between the two nations, there was no observable difference in student's point of view on humanitarian issues in most of the areas concerned. Overall evaluation also reflected effect of the socio-economic status of the countries on the perception of the issue amongst the students. Conclusion: Despite of different geography, diverse culture and dissimilar socio-economic status, the need of concern towards humanitarian issues is observable. Students of both nations have positive attitude towards the humanitarian issues as well.

Research paper thumbnail of The venous chiasma between the basilic vein and the brachial vein: a case report

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2012

Variations in the venous pattern of the arm are common. In this case report, we are presenting th... more Variations in the venous pattern of the arm are common. In this case report, we are presenting the variations of the brachial vein and the basilic vein.During the routine dissections which were done by medical undergraduate students, we observed some variations in the veins of the upper limb. In the current case, there was only one brachial vein which accompanied the brachial artery. The basilic vein originated from the medial side of the dorsal venous network, ascended along the medial side of the forearm and joined the brachial vein to form the axillary vein at the distal border of the teres major muscle. The basilic vein and the brachial vein joined with one another in the middle of the arm to form a unique venous chiasma.A large number of invasive procedures are carried out by using the veins of the upper limb, particularly in and distal to the axillary region. This type of a venous chiasma may lead to complications in these procedures.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of the variant anatomical disposition of the renal hilar structures in South Indian adult human cadavers and its cinical implications

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2013

To evaluate the anatomical disposition of the renal hilar structures in human cadavers of south I... more To evaluate the anatomical disposition of the renal hilar structures in human cadavers of south Indian origin, considering their antero-posterior distribution. Ninty-six renal hila of the isolated kidneys from adult south Indian cadavers were observed for the branching patterns and the distributions of the renal hilar structures. The number of branches of the renal artery and the divisions of the renal vein in the pre hilar region were noted, along with their pattern of arrangement with respect to the renal pelvis. In the present study on the pre hilar region, we observed that the highest division of the renal artery was 8 and that the highest incidence was of 4 divisions of the renal artery in 30.2% cases. The highest number of venous divisions which was observed was 7. The highest incidence of 40.6 % cases showed 2 divisions of the veins. Regarding the patterns of arrangement of these structures, we observed 12 patterns of arrangement, with a higher incidence (45.8%) of the classi...

Research paper thumbnail of Anomalous origin and vulnerable course of left colic artery in relation to the pancreas—A case report

Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research, 2013

We report here an anomalous origin and course of left colic artery in relation to pancreas during... more We report here an anomalous origin and course of left colic artery in relation to pancreas during routine dissection of the abdominal region in a 70-year-old male cadaver in the department of anatomy. The anomalous left colic artery took its origin from the superior mesenteric artery and immediately divided into right and left branches. The right branch passed through the transverse mesocolon to supply the left one third of the transverse colon. The left branch traversed to the left along the inferior border of the body of the pancreas and crossed the left kidney before supplying the left colic flexure of colon and descending colon. This aberrant course of the left branch of the left colic artery can be considered as a "vulnerable" course as it is liable to injury during pancreatic and renal surgeries since the artery is not expected to run along the inferior border of the pancreas. The pancreas, a retroperitoneal organ, is related to major arteries such as abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, coeliac trunk and its main branches, superior mesenteric vessels, splenic and portal veins. Surgery of the pancreas therefore, not only needs a thorough knowledge of the normal course of branches of these vessels but also demands a good knowledge of possible anomalous vessels arising in this region.

Research paper thumbnail of Presence of Arteriovenous Communication between Left Testicular Vessels and Its Clinical Significance

Case Reports in Vascular Medicine, 2014

Maintenance of testicular temperature below body temperature is essential for the process of sper... more Maintenance of testicular temperature below body temperature is essential for the process of spermatogenesis. This process of thermoregulation is mainly achieved by testicular veins through pampiniform venous plexus of the testis by absorbing the heat conveyed by the testicular arteries. However, this mechanism of thermoregulation may be hampered if an abnormal communication exists between the testicular vessels. We report herewith a rare case of arteriovenous communication between testicular artery and testicular vein on left side. The calibre of the communicating vessel was almost similar to left testicular artery. Such abnormal communication may obstruct the flow of blood in the vein by causing impairment in the perfusion pressure with the eventual high risk of varicocele.

Research paper thumbnail of Unusual infra-clavicular venous circle - a case report

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2014

Currently, numerous invasive procedures are preferred in cephalic vein (CV) and axillary vein (AV... more Currently, numerous invasive procedures are preferred in cephalic vein (CV) and axillary vein (AV) than other veins in the neck. Anatomical variations of these veins in the axilla and delto-pectoral region may result in failure and postoperative complications of the procedures. A thorough knowledge of possible variations of AV and CV may immensely contribute to the success of any such procedures where the veins are involved. We report the variations of the CV, tributaries of AV and median cubital vein. We observed a venous circle formed by the tributaries of AV in the infra-clavicular region, deep to the pectoral muscles. Cephalic vein joined proximal end of venous circle just before ending into AV. Further, duplication of the median cubital vein was observed.