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Papers by Athena Rafieepour

Background: The main source of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the sun, affecting organs such as t... more Background: The main source of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the sun, affecting organs such as the skin, eyes, and immune system. According to American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH) reports, the amount of UVR reaching the Earth’s surface is increasing yearly and is responsible for an increase in solar radiation‑related diseases. Aims: To investigate the amount of UVR reaching the Earth’s surface and understand the risk of UVR on disease among outdoor laborers in one of the central provinces of Iran. Materials and Methods: Arak city was divided into two geographic areas, and the weekly measurement of UVR was done in three locations) asphalt, grass and rooftop). To measure UVR, Hanger UV spectrometer, standard deviation (SD8‑A), and SD8‑B detectors were used. Amounts of UVR for a consecutive year and varying weather conditions were measured. Finally, values obtained were compared to ACGIH standards. Results: The minimum and maximum levels of UV type A radiat...

ABSTRACT Background and Aims: Formaldehyde is used as a chemical solvent in many industries, incl... more ABSTRACT Background and Aims: Formaldehyde is used as a chemical solvent in many industries, including anatomical and pathological specimens’ processes, antimicrobial agent and pesticides in agriculture. According to it’s irritant properties and also chronic respiratory tract disease production is of interest., The main purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of its acute and chronic respiratory effects on the workers who have exposed with low levels of formaldehyde on their pulmonary functional. Materials and Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted at a resin producing plant. The study’s population consisted of 62 workers (40 were exposed and 22 were non-exposed). In order to assess worker’s atmospheric concentration exposure with formaldehyde, it was measured at different locations of the plant. Demographic information and respiratory symptoms were collected by a spirometer. Then the parameters of pulmonary function (Vital Capacity, Forced Vital Capacity, Force...

Electronic Physician, 2013

Background: Plating and pickling processes are the most effective ways for increasing the strengt... more Background: Plating and pickling processes are the most effective ways for increasing the strength of metal structures, and workers in these units are exposed to various contaminants, including acid mists. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of protective masks in decreasing the respiratory symptoms and the aerobic capacity of workers that are exposed sulfuric acid mist. Methods: This interventional study was based on National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standard 7903 in which silica gel tubes are used for sampling the air in plating and pickling units for eight hours. After the samples were acquired and prepared, they were analyzed by ion chromatography and were compared with the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) exposure limits. Respiratory symptoms were evaluated among two sets of test subjects, i.e., those who used NP305 masks in the workplace and those who did not use the mask.

Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2013

ZJRMS 2013; 15(9): 85-87

International Journal of Sciences Basic and Applied Research, 2014

Learning is defined as changes that impact on people's knowledge in a specific field. The goal of... more Learning is defined as changes that impact on people's knowledge in a specific field. The goal of this study is to determine learning styles of student of Health College of Arak University of medical sciences in 2012. This study was a descriptive cross sectional research that was performed on 130 students of Health College in 1391 by random sampling. To collect date, a questionnaire consisting of two sections was used. The first section was demographic questionnaire and second section was Kolb's learning styles questionnaire. The results showed that learning style of majority of students was diverging (52.3%), accommodating (30.8%), assimilating (12.3%) and converting (4.6%) were followed. In all fields predominant style was diverging. 52.7% of occupational health, 57.1% of environmental health and 50% of public health were this style. Considering the learning style of majority of students is diverging and these students learn through group discussion and brain storming is recommended the teachers use educational methods Such as group discussion, brain storming, role playing, computerized simulation and demonstration in theoretical.

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: One important topic in work physiology is considering maximum... more ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: One important topic in work physiology is considering maximum aerobic power) VO2max(، which is one of the most important decision-making factors in individual fitness and in prevention of premature aging، and can play a significant role in selecting appropriate workforce. This study was done with the objective of investigating the effect of gender، ethnicity، anthropometric dimensions، physical activity، and smoking on VO2max level in students of Hamadan University of medical sciences. Methods: In this descriptive-applied study، 160 students were randomly selected، and after collecting demographic information using written questionnaires، their anthropometric characteristics were measured by a stadiometer. Then، VO2max of the subjects was measured using treadmill and Strand graph. The data were analyzed by nonparametric statistical tests of Mann-Whitney and Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Results: In this research، 41.9% of subjects of the sample were male and 58.1% were female. Also، there was a significant correlation between VO2max and the variables of gender and height (p<0.001)، weight (p=0.04)، and chest dimension (p<0.001)، but sports activities (p=0.059)، smoking (p=0.06)، and ethnicity had no significant effect on them (p=0.9). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that variables، such as gender، height، weight and chest dimensions can affect VO2max. Keywords: Personal Habits, Exercise Test, Anthropometry, Students

Electronic physician

Plating and pickling processes are the most effective ways for increasing the strength of metal s... more Plating and pickling processes are the most effective ways for increasing the strength of metal structures, and workers in these units are exposed to various contaminants, including acid mists. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of protective masks in decreasing the respiratory symptoms and the aerobic capacity of workers that are exposed sulfuric acid mist. This interventional study was based on National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standard 7903 in which silica gel tubes are used for sampling the air in plating and pickling units for eight hours. After the samples were acquired and prepared, they were analyzed by ion chromatography and were compared with the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) exposure limits. Respiratory symptoms were evaluated among two sets of test subjects, i.e., those who used NP305 masks in the workplace and those who did not use the mask. The results showed that the concentration of sulf...

International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR)

ABSTRACT: Learning is defined as changes that impact on people’s knowledge in a specific field. T... more ABSTRACT: Learning is defined as changes that impact on people’s knowledge in a specific field. The goal of this study is to determine learning styles of student of Health College of Arak University of medical sciences in 2012. This study was a descriptive cross sectional research that was performed on 130 students of Health College in 1391 by random sampling. To collect date, a questionnaire consisting of two sections was used. The first section was demographic questionnaire and second section was Kolb’s learning styles questionnaire. The results showed that learning style of majority of students was diverging (52.3%), accommodating (30.8%), assimilating (12.3%) and converting (4.6%) were followed. In all fields predominant style was diverging. 52.7% of occupational health, 57.1% of environmental health and 50% of public health were this style. Considering the learning style of majority of students is diverging and these students learn through group discussion and brain storming is...

Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 2015

The main source of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the sun, affecting organs such as the skin, eye... more The main source of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the sun, affecting organs such as the skin, eyes, and immune system. According to American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH) reports, the amount of UVR reaching the Earth's surface is increasing yearly and is responsible for an increase in solar radiation-related diseases. Aims: To investigate the amount of UVR reaching the Earth's surface and understand the risk of UVR on disease among outdoor laborers in one of the central provinces of Iran. Materials and Methods: Arak city was divided into two geographic areas, and the weekly measurement of UVR was done in three locations) asphalt, grass and rooftop). To measure UVR, Hanger UV spectrometer, standard deviation (SD8-A), and SD8-B detectors were used. Amounts of UVR for a consecutive year and varying weather conditions were measured. Finally, values obtained were compared to ACGIH standards. Results: The minimum and maximum levels of UV type A radiation occurred in April 1.27 (0.724) W/m 2 and September 7.147 (4.128) W/m 2 , these figures for UV type B were in March-April 0.005 (0.003) and September 0.083 (0.077). The maximum UVR is received between 11 and 15 o'clock. Conclusions: In the central cities of Iran, the minimum and maximum UV type A and B is received in March-April and in September, respectively. Based on the results, the angular position of the sun in the sky, cloud cover, and height from ground level affected the amount of UVR received, but the geographic locations studied did not.

Epichlorohydrin is used frequently in many industrial processes. Exposure to this pollutant could... more Epichlorohydrin is used frequently in many industrial processes. Exposure to this pollutant could induce harmful effects. The present work developed a novel solid phase microextraction (SPME) method for time weighted average determination of epichlorohydrin in the air by GC/MS. CAR/PDMS in 0.5 cm retracted mode was selected and the effect of environmental parameters on sampling properties of SPME was examined. Experimental sampling rate for epichlorohydrin (8.89�10�3 cm3/min) was slightly less than theoretical value (9.059�10�3 cm3/min). There was no significant difference among sampling rates at different temperature and velocities but relative humidity had a significant effect on the sampling rate. Limit of detection for SPME method was 0.8 ng per sample, which is good enough in comparison with the NIOSH 1010 method. Comparison of the results between the developed SPME and the NIOSH 1010 method on standard test atmosphere and field showed satisfactory agreement (y¼1.162xþ1.8 r2¼0....

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2012

مجله سم شناسی و مسمومیتهای ایران Iranian Journal of Toxicology.

Background: Nanotechnology is a new approach that has been lionized in recent years. One of its a... more Background: Nanotechnology is a new approach that has been lionized in recent years. One of its applications is its consumption as an absorbent. In this study, the single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used as an absorbent for sampling benzene in the air.