Auke Tellegen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Auke Tellegen
Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1967
... 5, 499-506 OLD WINE IN NEW SKINS: GROUPING WECHSLER SUBTESTS INTO NEW SCALES1 AUKE TELLEGEN A... more ... 5, 499-506 OLD WINE IN NEW SKINS: GROUPING WECHSLER SUBTESTS INTO NEW SCALES1 AUKE TELLEGEN AND PETER F. BRIGGS University of Minnesota ... Any new Wechsler composite raises elementary issues of reliability, validity, and score standardization. ...
Behavior genetics principles: Perspectives in development, personality, and psychopathology., 2004
Psychological assessment, 2015
In previous studies, researchers have examined the optimal number of response options for psychol... more In previous studies, researchers have examined the optimal number of response options for psychological questionnaires. Several have reported increased scale score reliabilities, but few have documented improved external validities. In the present investigation, we followed-up on Cox (2011) and Cox et al.'s (2012) extensive analyses of a clinical assessment instrument, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF). We compared the dichotomous (true/false) response format of this inventory with a 4-choice format. Our sample consisted of 406 undergraduate students from a large Midwestern university who were largely female (64.3%), predominantly Caucasian (76.4%), and had a mean age of 19.24 years. Internal-structural analyses confirmed that more response options increase reliabilities, but the effects were small. The differences between correlations with external criteria were very rarely statistically significant, and the few that were did not co...
Journal of comparative and physiological psychology, 1972
... Page 6. 302 AUKE TELLEGEN AND JOSEPH M. HORN ... Crowcroft reported that male mice would atta... more ... Page 6. 302 AUKE TELLEGEN AND JOSEPH M. HORN ... Crowcroft reported that male mice would attack, usually successfully, any strange male mouse intruding into their territory. The attack was typically followed by a rapid chase until contact was lost. ...
Social biology, 1978
... Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Volunteer bias in twin research: The rule of... more ... Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Volunteer bias in twin research: The rule of two-thirds. ... Abstract. Studies of adult same-sex twins which rely upon volunteer Ss typically consist of about two-thirds female and two-thirds monozygotic (MZ) pairs. ...
55455 Male mice acquired, extinguished, and reversed a position response in a T-maze when the opp... more 55455 Male mice acquired, extinguished, and reversed a position response in a T-maze when the opportunity to attack a "victim" mouse was provided as rein[orcer. Hal[ o[ the Ss were also given a fight be[ore each maze trial. These Ss, compared to Ss run without pre[igh ts, were superior in choice performance early during acquisition and reversallearning, and showed slower extinction. It was also [ound that preference tor the aggression-rewarded side o[ the maze increased [rom first to second trials given on the same day.
Psychological Science, 1996
Abstract - Happiness, or subjective well-being, was measured on a birth-record-based sample of se... more Abstract - Happiness, or subjective well-being, was measured on a birth-record-based sample of several thousand middle- aged twins using the Weil-Being (WB) scale of the Multidimen- sional Personality Questionnaire. Neither socioeconomic sta- tus, educational attainment, family ...
Journal of Behavioral Medicine - J BEHAV MED, 1978
Studies of autonomic reactivity and of voluntary control of autonomic responses have suggested th... more Studies of autonomic reactivity and of voluntary control of autonomic responses have suggested the importance of individual differences. An inventory of scales was developed to improve the assessment of different dimensions of somatic functioning. In order to enhance their specificity and incremental validity, the scales were constructed to be relatively independent of already known general personality variables such as Stress Reaction (neuroticism), Locus of Control, Hypochondriasis, and Absorption. Three scales, derived from orthogonal factor analyses, were developed and cross-validated: (1) Autonomic Response Frequency, assessing spontaneous fluctuations in autonomic responding; (2) Autonomic Response to Stress, assessing the amount of autonomic arousal perceived by a subject in stress situations; and (3) Somatic Response Control, a self-report measure of capacity to control both autonomic and fine muscle responses. The hypothesis that sympathetic and parasympathetic awareness mi...
Twin Research, 1999
This report presents findings for the Intrinsic (IR) and Extrinsic (ER) religiousness scales from... more This report presents findings for the Intrinsic (IR) and Extrinsic (ER) religiousness scales from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart. The scales were shown to be internally consistent, sufficiently distinct from the scales of the California Psychological Inventory and the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire and unrelated to a number of measures of response style to justify treating them as distinct traits. The I scales also showed considerable evidence of construct validity in its correlations with religious fundamentalism and authoritarianism as assessed by the MMPI and Altemeyer's Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale. Data on IR and ER from 35 pairs of monozygotic twins reared apart (MZA) and 37 pairs of dizygotic twins reared apart (DZA) were fitted to a biometric model and demonstrated significant heritability (0.43 and 0.39), with a model containing genetic plus environmental factors fitting significantly better than a model containing only an environmental component. Twin similarity could not be explained by placement on a self-reported measure of family Moral Religious Emphasis as measured by the Family Environment Scale.
Science, 1990
Since 1979, a continuing study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, separated in infancy and reare... more Since 1979, a continuing study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, separated in infancy and reared apart, has subjected more than 100 sets of reared-apart twins or triplets to a week of intensive psychological and physiological assessment. Like the prior, smaller studies of monozygotic twins reared apart, about 70% of the variance in IQ was found to be associated with genetic variation. On multiple measures of personality and temperament, occupational and leisure-time interests, and social attitudes, monozygotic twins reared apart are about as similar as are monozygotic twins reared together. These findings extend and support those from numerous other twin, family, and adoption studies. It is a plausible hypothesis that genetic differences affect psychological differences largely indirectly, by influencing the effective environment of the developing child. This evidence for the strong heritability of most psychological traits, sensibly construed, does not detract from the value or importance of parenting, education, and other propaedeutic interventions.
Psychophysiology, 2006
This study evaluated the effects of affective intensity and thematic content of foreground photog... more This study evaluated the effects of affective intensity and thematic content of foreground photographic stimuli on various physiological response systems. This was accomplished by assessing responses to pictures that varied systematically in these parameters. Along with overall effects of picture valence reported in previous work, we found effects of thematic content (i.e., specific nature of objects/events depicted) for all measures except heart rate. In addition, we found that the magnitude of startle blink, skin conductance, and corrugator muscle reactions increased with increasing affective intensity of pictures. Additionally, for these three measures, intensity effects also interacted with effects of picture content. These results indicate that stimulus parameters of intensity and thematic content exert separateFand in some cases interactiveFmodulatory effects on physiological reactions to emotional pictures.
Psychological Bulletin, 1999
In their article "On the Bipolarity of Positive and Negative Affect,&amp... more In their article "On the Bipolarity of Positive and Negative Affect," Russell and Carroll (1999) correctly noted that several factorsincluding the use of a strictly unipolar item response formatcan obscure the underlying bipolarity of certain positive and negative affect pairs. However, ...
Psychological Bulletin, 1985
Reanalyses of a number of studies of self-reported mood indicate that Positive and Negative Affec... more Reanalyses of a number of studies of self-reported mood indicate that Positive and Negative Affect consistently emerge as the first two Varimax rotated dimensions in orthogonal factor analyses or as the first two second-order factors derived from oblique solutions. The two factors ...
Psychological Assessment, 2002
The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; A. Tellegen, 1982, in press) provides for a ... more The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; A. Tellegen, 1982, in press) provides for a comprehensive analysis of personality at both the lower order trait and broader structural levels. Its higher order dimensions of Positive Emotionality, Negative Emotionality, and Constraint embody affect and temperament constructs, which have been conceptualized in psychobiological terms. The MPQ thus holds considerable potential as a structural framework for investigating personality across varying levels of analysis, and this potential would be enhanced by the availability of an abbreviated version. This article describes efforts to develop and validate a brief (155-item) form, the MPQ-BF. Success was evidenced by uniformly high correlations between the brief-and full-form trait scales and consistency of higher order structures. The MPQ-BF is recommended as a tool for investigating the genetic, neurobiological, and psychological substrates of personality.
Psychological Assessment, 1992
Although normative distributions of MMPI–2 clinical and content scales tend to be positively skew... more Although normative distributions of MMPI–2 clinical and content scales tend to be positively skewed, individual scales differ in degree of skewness. The linear T scores in use with the original MMPI preserve these skewness differences, so identical T scores on different scales can have different percentile values (are not "percentile comparable"). This particularly compromises profile interpretations. For the MMPI–2, a Uniform T score (UT score) transformation has been adopted. Its target distribution is the positively skewed composite (or prototypical) linear T score distribution of MMPI–2 clinical scales. UT scores are percentile comparable, yet unlike normalized T scores, depart minimally from the familiar linear T scores. We describe the UT score derivation, report degree of percentile comparability achieved, and argue that the positive skewness of the UT-score distributions, besides minimizing discontinuity, is conceptually meaningful.
Personality and Individual Differences, 1999
Historically, authoritarian attitudes have been attributed to influences within the rearing envir... more Historically, authoritarian attitudes have been attributed to influences within the rearing environment, based on the incorrect assumption that similarity between family members demonstrates cultural transmission. To unconfound environmental and genetic influences, this paper ...
Personality and Individual Differences, 2003
... correlated only −0.23. Thus, in both studies the Conservatism measure had a lower correlation... more ... correlated only −0.23. Thus, in both studies the Conservatism measure had a lower correlation with IQ than did RWA. ... In spite of the effectiveness of the Conservatism Scale in the studies cited, P items do not age well. The item content ...
Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1991
... the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. Waller, Niels G.; Lilienfeld, Scott O.; Telle... more ... the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. Waller, Niels G.; Lilienfeld, Scott O.; Tellegen, Auke; Lykken, David T. Multivariate Behavioral Research, Vol 26(1), Jan 1991, 1-23. doi: 10.1207/s15327906mbr2601_1. Abstract. ...
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2009
Rouse, Greene, Butcher, Nichols, and Williams (2008) repeat two claims about the MMPI-2 Restructu... more Rouse, Greene, Butcher, Nichols, and Williams (2008) repeat two claims about the MMPI-2 Restructured (RC) scales. One asserts that the correlations of RC scales with parent Clinical scales are modest compared to the correlations with other existing MMPI-2 scales. In response, we reiterate that the RC scales were not meant to emulate the divergent and overlapping content of the Clinical scales. Instead, each represents a distinctive Clinical scale component. Although individually focused, the RC scales span collectively a wide range of content and used as multivariate predictors, account for most of the variance of each Clinical scale. Rouse et al. also claim that most RC scales are redundant with existing MMPI-2 scales, which they propose as substitutes ("proxies"). However, our analyses of Rouse et al.'s database and of our own data show that several of their proposed proxies are far less mutually distinguishable than are the RC scale counterparts. Furthermore, several Clinical scales are more successfully, and none are less successfully, accounted for by RC scales than by proxies. In response to Rouse et al.'s neglect of a body of empirical findings supporting the construct validity of the RC scales, we also review the relevant research literature.
Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1967
... 5, 499-506 OLD WINE IN NEW SKINS: GROUPING WECHSLER SUBTESTS INTO NEW SCALES1 AUKE TELLEGEN A... more ... 5, 499-506 OLD WINE IN NEW SKINS: GROUPING WECHSLER SUBTESTS INTO NEW SCALES1 AUKE TELLEGEN AND PETER F. BRIGGS University of Minnesota ... Any new Wechsler composite raises elementary issues of reliability, validity, and score standardization. ...
Behavior genetics principles: Perspectives in development, personality, and psychopathology., 2004
Psychological assessment, 2015
In previous studies, researchers have examined the optimal number of response options for psychol... more In previous studies, researchers have examined the optimal number of response options for psychological questionnaires. Several have reported increased scale score reliabilities, but few have documented improved external validities. In the present investigation, we followed-up on Cox (2011) and Cox et al.'s (2012) extensive analyses of a clinical assessment instrument, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF). We compared the dichotomous (true/false) response format of this inventory with a 4-choice format. Our sample consisted of 406 undergraduate students from a large Midwestern university who were largely female (64.3%), predominantly Caucasian (76.4%), and had a mean age of 19.24 years. Internal-structural analyses confirmed that more response options increase reliabilities, but the effects were small. The differences between correlations with external criteria were very rarely statistically significant, and the few that were did not co...
Journal of comparative and physiological psychology, 1972
... Page 6. 302 AUKE TELLEGEN AND JOSEPH M. HORN ... Crowcroft reported that male mice would atta... more ... Page 6. 302 AUKE TELLEGEN AND JOSEPH M. HORN ... Crowcroft reported that male mice would attack, usually successfully, any strange male mouse intruding into their territory. The attack was typically followed by a rapid chase until contact was lost. ...
Social biology, 1978
... Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Volunteer bias in twin research: The rule of... more ... Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Volunteer bias in twin research: The rule of two-thirds. ... Abstract. Studies of adult same-sex twins which rely upon volunteer Ss typically consist of about two-thirds female and two-thirds monozygotic (MZ) pairs. ...
55455 Male mice acquired, extinguished, and reversed a position response in a T-maze when the opp... more 55455 Male mice acquired, extinguished, and reversed a position response in a T-maze when the opportunity to attack a "victim" mouse was provided as rein[orcer. Hal[ o[ the Ss were also given a fight be[ore each maze trial. These Ss, compared to Ss run without pre[igh ts, were superior in choice performance early during acquisition and reversallearning, and showed slower extinction. It was also [ound that preference tor the aggression-rewarded side o[ the maze increased [rom first to second trials given on the same day.
Psychological Science, 1996
Abstract - Happiness, or subjective well-being, was measured on a birth-record-based sample of se... more Abstract - Happiness, or subjective well-being, was measured on a birth-record-based sample of several thousand middle- aged twins using the Weil-Being (WB) scale of the Multidimen- sional Personality Questionnaire. Neither socioeconomic sta- tus, educational attainment, family ...
Journal of Behavioral Medicine - J BEHAV MED, 1978
Studies of autonomic reactivity and of voluntary control of autonomic responses have suggested th... more Studies of autonomic reactivity and of voluntary control of autonomic responses have suggested the importance of individual differences. An inventory of scales was developed to improve the assessment of different dimensions of somatic functioning. In order to enhance their specificity and incremental validity, the scales were constructed to be relatively independent of already known general personality variables such as Stress Reaction (neuroticism), Locus of Control, Hypochondriasis, and Absorption. Three scales, derived from orthogonal factor analyses, were developed and cross-validated: (1) Autonomic Response Frequency, assessing spontaneous fluctuations in autonomic responding; (2) Autonomic Response to Stress, assessing the amount of autonomic arousal perceived by a subject in stress situations; and (3) Somatic Response Control, a self-report measure of capacity to control both autonomic and fine muscle responses. The hypothesis that sympathetic and parasympathetic awareness mi...
Twin Research, 1999
This report presents findings for the Intrinsic (IR) and Extrinsic (ER) religiousness scales from... more This report presents findings for the Intrinsic (IR) and Extrinsic (ER) religiousness scales from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart. The scales were shown to be internally consistent, sufficiently distinct from the scales of the California Psychological Inventory and the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire and unrelated to a number of measures of response style to justify treating them as distinct traits. The I scales also showed considerable evidence of construct validity in its correlations with religious fundamentalism and authoritarianism as assessed by the MMPI and Altemeyer's Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale. Data on IR and ER from 35 pairs of monozygotic twins reared apart (MZA) and 37 pairs of dizygotic twins reared apart (DZA) were fitted to a biometric model and demonstrated significant heritability (0.43 and 0.39), with a model containing genetic plus environmental factors fitting significantly better than a model containing only an environmental component. Twin similarity could not be explained by placement on a self-reported measure of family Moral Religious Emphasis as measured by the Family Environment Scale.
Science, 1990
Since 1979, a continuing study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, separated in infancy and reare... more Since 1979, a continuing study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, separated in infancy and reared apart, has subjected more than 100 sets of reared-apart twins or triplets to a week of intensive psychological and physiological assessment. Like the prior, smaller studies of monozygotic twins reared apart, about 70% of the variance in IQ was found to be associated with genetic variation. On multiple measures of personality and temperament, occupational and leisure-time interests, and social attitudes, monozygotic twins reared apart are about as similar as are monozygotic twins reared together. These findings extend and support those from numerous other twin, family, and adoption studies. It is a plausible hypothesis that genetic differences affect psychological differences largely indirectly, by influencing the effective environment of the developing child. This evidence for the strong heritability of most psychological traits, sensibly construed, does not detract from the value or importance of parenting, education, and other propaedeutic interventions.
Psychophysiology, 2006
This study evaluated the effects of affective intensity and thematic content of foreground photog... more This study evaluated the effects of affective intensity and thematic content of foreground photographic stimuli on various physiological response systems. This was accomplished by assessing responses to pictures that varied systematically in these parameters. Along with overall effects of picture valence reported in previous work, we found effects of thematic content (i.e., specific nature of objects/events depicted) for all measures except heart rate. In addition, we found that the magnitude of startle blink, skin conductance, and corrugator muscle reactions increased with increasing affective intensity of pictures. Additionally, for these three measures, intensity effects also interacted with effects of picture content. These results indicate that stimulus parameters of intensity and thematic content exert separateFand in some cases interactiveFmodulatory effects on physiological reactions to emotional pictures.
Psychological Bulletin, 1999
In their article "On the Bipolarity of Positive and Negative Affect,&amp... more In their article "On the Bipolarity of Positive and Negative Affect," Russell and Carroll (1999) correctly noted that several factorsincluding the use of a strictly unipolar item response formatcan obscure the underlying bipolarity of certain positive and negative affect pairs. However, ...
Psychological Bulletin, 1985
Reanalyses of a number of studies of self-reported mood indicate that Positive and Negative Affec... more Reanalyses of a number of studies of self-reported mood indicate that Positive and Negative Affect consistently emerge as the first two Varimax rotated dimensions in orthogonal factor analyses or as the first two second-order factors derived from oblique solutions. The two factors ...
Psychological Assessment, 2002
The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; A. Tellegen, 1982, in press) provides for a ... more The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; A. Tellegen, 1982, in press) provides for a comprehensive analysis of personality at both the lower order trait and broader structural levels. Its higher order dimensions of Positive Emotionality, Negative Emotionality, and Constraint embody affect and temperament constructs, which have been conceptualized in psychobiological terms. The MPQ thus holds considerable potential as a structural framework for investigating personality across varying levels of analysis, and this potential would be enhanced by the availability of an abbreviated version. This article describes efforts to develop and validate a brief (155-item) form, the MPQ-BF. Success was evidenced by uniformly high correlations between the brief-and full-form trait scales and consistency of higher order structures. The MPQ-BF is recommended as a tool for investigating the genetic, neurobiological, and psychological substrates of personality.
Psychological Assessment, 1992
Although normative distributions of MMPI–2 clinical and content scales tend to be positively skew... more Although normative distributions of MMPI–2 clinical and content scales tend to be positively skewed, individual scales differ in degree of skewness. The linear T scores in use with the original MMPI preserve these skewness differences, so identical T scores on different scales can have different percentile values (are not "percentile comparable"). This particularly compromises profile interpretations. For the MMPI–2, a Uniform T score (UT score) transformation has been adopted. Its target distribution is the positively skewed composite (or prototypical) linear T score distribution of MMPI–2 clinical scales. UT scores are percentile comparable, yet unlike normalized T scores, depart minimally from the familiar linear T scores. We describe the UT score derivation, report degree of percentile comparability achieved, and argue that the positive skewness of the UT-score distributions, besides minimizing discontinuity, is conceptually meaningful.
Personality and Individual Differences, 1999
Historically, authoritarian attitudes have been attributed to influences within the rearing envir... more Historically, authoritarian attitudes have been attributed to influences within the rearing environment, based on the incorrect assumption that similarity between family members demonstrates cultural transmission. To unconfound environmental and genetic influences, this paper ...
Personality and Individual Differences, 2003
... correlated only −0.23. Thus, in both studies the Conservatism measure had a lower correlation... more ... correlated only −0.23. Thus, in both studies the Conservatism measure had a lower correlation with IQ than did RWA. ... In spite of the effectiveness of the Conservatism Scale in the studies cited, P items do not age well. The item content ...
Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1991
... the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. Waller, Niels G.; Lilienfeld, Scott O.; Telle... more ... the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. Waller, Niels G.; Lilienfeld, Scott O.; Tellegen, Auke; Lykken, David T. Multivariate Behavioral Research, Vol 26(1), Jan 1991, 1-23. doi: 10.1207/s15327906mbr2601_1. Abstract. ...
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2009
Rouse, Greene, Butcher, Nichols, and Williams (2008) repeat two claims about the MMPI-2 Restructu... more Rouse, Greene, Butcher, Nichols, and Williams (2008) repeat two claims about the MMPI-2 Restructured (RC) scales. One asserts that the correlations of RC scales with parent Clinical scales are modest compared to the correlations with other existing MMPI-2 scales. In response, we reiterate that the RC scales were not meant to emulate the divergent and overlapping content of the Clinical scales. Instead, each represents a distinctive Clinical scale component. Although individually focused, the RC scales span collectively a wide range of content and used as multivariate predictors, account for most of the variance of each Clinical scale. Rouse et al. also claim that most RC scales are redundant with existing MMPI-2 scales, which they propose as substitutes ("proxies"). However, our analyses of Rouse et al.'s database and of our own data show that several of their proposed proxies are far less mutually distinguishable than are the RC scale counterparts. Furthermore, several Clinical scales are more successfully, and none are less successfully, accounted for by RC scales than by proxies. In response to Rouse et al.'s neglect of a body of empirical findings supporting the construct validity of the RC scales, we also review the relevant research literature.