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Papers by Aznizam Abu Bakar
International Journal of Polymeric Materials, 2009
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of monomers, prepolymers, and nanosilica on the s... more The aim of this study was to compare the effect of monomers, prepolymers, and nanosilica on the scratch and abrasion resistance of nanocomposite coatings. Ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) curing were used to cure the nanocompo-site coatings. The effect of ...
Polymers Polymer Composites, 2005
Résumé/Abstract Awareness of the advantages of natural fibres has stimulated interest in their us... more Résumé/Abstract Awareness of the advantages of natural fibres has stimulated interest in their use to reinforce polymers. One type of natural fibre that is of great relevance to Malaysia is oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). To produce EFB-filled unplasticized poly ( ...
International Journal of Polymeric Materials, Apr 10, 2009
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radia... more The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radiation on the properties of cured nanocomposite coatings. Surface hardness increased with increase in radiation dosages (number of passes) for all samples. This was due to the increase in crosslinking with increase in radiation dosage. Pendulum hardness, gel content, and thumb twist results were analyzed to choose appropriate curing dosage for both curing techniques. The selected dosages were then used to cure coatings for scratch and abrasion resistance tests. It was found that the UV curing produced coatings with better abrasion resistance, whereas EB curing was a more suitable approach for producing scratch resistance coatings.
Abu Bakar, Aznizam and Hassan, Azman (2009) Oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre-filled poly (vinyl c... more Abu Bakar, Aznizam and Hassan, Azman (2009) Oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre-filled poly (vinyl chloride) composites. In: Research on Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite. Universiti Putra Malaysia Press, Serdang, Selangor, pp. 14-35. ISBN 978-967-344-002-3
Polymer Plastics Technology and Engineering, Feb 1, 2010
Applied Mechanics and Materials, Apr 9, 2015
The influence of talc and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-grafted ( g )-talc on the mechanical ... more The influence of talc and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-grafted ( g )-talc on the mechanical properties of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) was investigated. The graft copolymerization was carried out under nitrogen atmosphere, using the free radical initiation technique. The blend formulations were first dry blended using a mixer before being milled into sheets on a two-roll mill at 165 ° C, and then hot pressed into composites at 190 ° C. The flexural modulus of both composites increased with increasing filler content from 0 to 20 part per hundred resin (phr), however the increment of grafted (57.7 % ) was higher than ungrafted composites (48.5 % ). A similar trend has also been observed for thermal stability. The impact strength of grafted was increased by 45.82 % , whereas 18.96 % in reduction was observed for the ungrafted composites. The decrement of flexural strength by 16.6 % and 21.1 % of grafted and ungrafted, respectively, has also shown the improvement in mechanical properties of grafted composites.
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Institutional Repository is powered by EPrints 3 which is developed... more Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Institutional Repository is powered by EPrints 3 which is developed by the School of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton. More information and software credits.
Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) reinforced composite is an emerging area in polymer technology. ... more Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) reinforced composite is an emerging area in polymer technology. EFB is a low cost filler with low density, high specific properties as well as being nonabrasive. This type of composites offers several advantages comparable to those of conventional fiber composites. The main objective of the investigation reported in this paper is to study the effect of EFB filler loading and impact modifiers, namely chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and acrylic on the mechanical properties of EFB filled-PVC-U composites. In preparing the samples, the PVC-U resins and the additives were initially dry blended using a laboratory blender before being milled into sheets using a two-roll mill. Test specimens were prepared using a hot press and impact tested using a pendulum type machine according to Izod mode. The results from the impact test showed that the unfilled PVC-U samples of both impact modifiers changes from brittle to ductile mode with increasing impact modifier concentration. The incorporation of EFB into unmodified PVC-U and modified PVC-U has resulted in the reduction of impact strength. As the EFB filler content increases from to 10 to 40 phr, impact strength reduction of about 40% and 30% was observed for acrylic-modified PVC-U and CPE-modified PVC-U, respectively. The impact strength reduction was only marginal for unmodified PVC-U composites. The detrimental effect of fillers on the impact performance was due to the volume taken up. Fillers unlike the matrix are incapable of dissipating stress through the mechanisms known as shear yielding prior to fracture. The impact modifier was found to be effective in enhancing the impact strength of EFB-filled PVC-U composites. However, the effectiveness decreases with increasing filler loadings. The impact strength of CPE-modified PVC-U was higher than acrylic-modified PVC-U at filler loading at 20 phr and higher.
Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Feb 1, 2011
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radia... more The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radiation on the properties of cured nanocomposite coatings. Surface hardness increased with increase in radiation dosages (number of passes) for all samples. This was due to the increase in crosslinking with increase in radiation dosage. Pendulum hardness, gel content, and thumb twist results were analyzed to choose appropriate curing dosage for both curing techniques. The selected dosages were then used to cure coatings for scratch and abrasion resistance tests. It was found that the UV curing produced coatings with better abrasion resistance, whereas EB curing was a more suitable approach for producing scratch resistance coatings.
Interest in the use of natural fibers as fillers has grown over the past few years due to the adv... more Interest in the use of natural fibers as fillers has grown over the past few years due to the advantages it offers. The use of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) as fillers in the unplasticised poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) is a new attraction in the polymer composite technology. The objectives ...
Polymer International
ABSTRACT
International Journal of Polymeric Materials, 2009
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of monomers, prepolymers, and nanosilica on the s... more The aim of this study was to compare the effect of monomers, prepolymers, and nanosilica on the scratch and abrasion resistance of nanocomposite coatings. Ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) curing were used to cure the nanocompo-site coatings. The effect of ...
Polymers Polymer Composites, 2005
Résumé/Abstract Awareness of the advantages of natural fibres has stimulated interest in their us... more Résumé/Abstract Awareness of the advantages of natural fibres has stimulated interest in their use to reinforce polymers. One type of natural fibre that is of great relevance to Malaysia is oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). To produce EFB-filled unplasticized poly ( ...
International Journal of Polymeric Materials, Apr 10, 2009
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radia... more The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radiation on the properties of cured nanocomposite coatings. Surface hardness increased with increase in radiation dosages (number of passes) for all samples. This was due to the increase in crosslinking with increase in radiation dosage. Pendulum hardness, gel content, and thumb twist results were analyzed to choose appropriate curing dosage for both curing techniques. The selected dosages were then used to cure coatings for scratch and abrasion resistance tests. It was found that the UV curing produced coatings with better abrasion resistance, whereas EB curing was a more suitable approach for producing scratch resistance coatings.
Abu Bakar, Aznizam and Hassan, Azman (2009) Oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre-filled poly (vinyl c... more Abu Bakar, Aznizam and Hassan, Azman (2009) Oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre-filled poly (vinyl chloride) composites. In: Research on Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite. Universiti Putra Malaysia Press, Serdang, Selangor, pp. 14-35. ISBN 978-967-344-002-3
Polymer Plastics Technology and Engineering, Feb 1, 2010
Applied Mechanics and Materials, Apr 9, 2015
The influence of talc and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-grafted ( g )-talc on the mechanical ... more The influence of talc and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-grafted ( g )-talc on the mechanical properties of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) was investigated. The graft copolymerization was carried out under nitrogen atmosphere, using the free radical initiation technique. The blend formulations were first dry blended using a mixer before being milled into sheets on a two-roll mill at 165 ° C, and then hot pressed into composites at 190 ° C. The flexural modulus of both composites increased with increasing filler content from 0 to 20 part per hundred resin (phr), however the increment of grafted (57.7 % ) was higher than ungrafted composites (48.5 % ). A similar trend has also been observed for thermal stability. The impact strength of grafted was increased by 45.82 % , whereas 18.96 % in reduction was observed for the ungrafted composites. The decrement of flexural strength by 16.6 % and 21.1 % of grafted and ungrafted, respectively, has also shown the improvement in mechanical properties of grafted composites.
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Institutional Repository is powered by EPrints 3 which is developed... more Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Institutional Repository is powered by EPrints 3 which is developed by the School of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton. More information and software credits.
Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) reinforced composite is an emerging area in polymer technology. ... more Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) reinforced composite is an emerging area in polymer technology. EFB is a low cost filler with low density, high specific properties as well as being nonabrasive. This type of composites offers several advantages comparable to those of conventional fiber composites. The main objective of the investigation reported in this paper is to study the effect of EFB filler loading and impact modifiers, namely chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and acrylic on the mechanical properties of EFB filled-PVC-U composites. In preparing the samples, the PVC-U resins and the additives were initially dry blended using a laboratory blender before being milled into sheets using a two-roll mill. Test specimens were prepared using a hot press and impact tested using a pendulum type machine according to Izod mode. The results from the impact test showed that the unfilled PVC-U samples of both impact modifiers changes from brittle to ductile mode with increasing impact modifier concentration. The incorporation of EFB into unmodified PVC-U and modified PVC-U has resulted in the reduction of impact strength. As the EFB filler content increases from to 10 to 40 phr, impact strength reduction of about 40% and 30% was observed for acrylic-modified PVC-U and CPE-modified PVC-U, respectively. The impact strength reduction was only marginal for unmodified PVC-U composites. The detrimental effect of fillers on the impact performance was due to the volume taken up. Fillers unlike the matrix are incapable of dissipating stress through the mechanisms known as shear yielding prior to fracture. The impact modifier was found to be effective in enhancing the impact strength of EFB-filled PVC-U composites. However, the effectiveness decreases with increasing filler loadings. The impact strength of CPE-modified PVC-U was higher than acrylic-modified PVC-U at filler loading at 20 phr and higher.
Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Feb 1, 2011
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radia... more The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radiation on the properties of cured nanocomposite coatings. Surface hardness increased with increase in radiation dosages (number of passes) for all samples. This was due to the increase in crosslinking with increase in radiation dosage. Pendulum hardness, gel content, and thumb twist results were analyzed to choose appropriate curing dosage for both curing techniques. The selected dosages were then used to cure coatings for scratch and abrasion resistance tests. It was found that the UV curing produced coatings with better abrasion resistance, whereas EB curing was a more suitable approach for producing scratch resistance coatings.
Interest in the use of natural fibers as fillers has grown over the past few years due to the adv... more Interest in the use of natural fibers as fillers has grown over the past few years due to the advantages it offers. The use of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) as fillers in the unplasticised poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) is a new attraction in the polymer composite technology. The objectives ...
Polymer International
ABSTRACT