B. Alabi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by B. Alabi

Highland Medical Research Journal, 2020

Background: Head and neck cancers remain a major public health concern with increasing prevalence... more Background: Head and neck cancers remain a major public health concern with increasing prevalence in Africa. The aim of this study was to highlight the current trends of head and neck cancers and compare with previous studies.Methods: A retrospective study of head and neck cancers seen in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital over a 6-year period (2013 – 2018) was done. Information was retrieved from the clinic, theatre and cancer registry centre. Sites of tumours, duration of symptoms before presentation, reasons for late presentation and histopathological diagnosis were extracted.Result: There were a total of 143 histologically confirmed head and neck cancers.. The age ranged from 2 – 100 years with a mean age of 52 years. The duration of symptoms at presentation was found to range from 3 months to 78 months. Over 80% presented late. Reasons for late presentation were financial constraints (60.5%), ignorance/wrong beliefs (32.4%), traditional treatment (41.6%) and delayed referra...

American Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2017

Aim and Background: Different form of barriers prevented or delayed patients from undergoing aden... more Aim and Background: Different form of barriers prevented or delayed patients from undergoing adenoid and tonsillar surgery in low-income countries. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of patients with barriers, types of barriers, identified affected individuals and possible way out to receive required adenotonsillar surgical care. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective hospital based study of patients scheduled for surgical procedures of adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy or both in the Ear, Nose and Throat department of Ekiti state university teaching hospital, Ado Ekiti, over a period of two years between July 2015 and June 2017. Results: A total of 172 patients were scheduled for adenotonsillectomy out of which 89 patients had surgery done over the study period. This represented 51.7% of patients that had surgery done. Majority (59.6%) with barriers were in the age group (1-10) years. There were 64.0% males and 36.0% females with a male: female ratio of 2:1. Majority ...

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 2021

Flexible fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) is a technique of laryngeal visualization. The instrument ... more Flexible fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) is a technique of laryngeal visualization. The instrument (flexible laryngoscope) is relatively scarce in resource challenged countries. Where available, it is a useful compliment to the armamentarium of clinical tools at the disposal of the otolaryngologist. We evaluated the diagnostic value of flexible fibreoptic laryngoscope in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. And we hypothesized that its diagnostic precision is comparable to direct laryngoscopy. This is a retrospective study of records of 360 patients referred for FFL at the ENT clinic. Sensitivity and specificity of FFL for laryngeal lesions were determined using direct laryngoscopy (DL) as the gold standard. Of the 360 FFL reports studied, 336 additionally underwent DL. FFL findings in 311 (92.6%) cases were comparable with that of DL. FFL had a good detection rate for vocal cord palsy (sensitivity 100%, specificity 80.7%). Pick-up rate for vocal nodules, polyps, papillomatosis and palsy were statistically equal for FFL and DL (p value = 0.96). Diagnostic accuracy of FFL was good for supraglottic (sensitivity 100%, specificity 88.0%) and glottic (sensitivity 100%, specificity 92.3%) tumours; relatively lower for subglottic (sensitivity 83.3%; specificity 100%) and transglottic (sensitivity 80.0%, specificity 100%) tumours; and least for tumours involving more than on subsites (sensitivity 50%, specificity 100%). The sensitivity and specificity of FFL were not the same for all endo-laryngeal lesions; yet, the overall diagnostic accuracy of FFL is comparable with DL. Clinicians should be mindful of this variability to optimize its application.

ARC Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 2020

Aim: The study is aimed at comparing nasoendoscopic findings and quality of life (QoL) between ty... more Aim: The study is aimed at comparing nasoendoscopic findings and quality of life (QoL) between type II diabetics and non-diabetic adults with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out on 71 cases and 71 controls. QoL measured with sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22) was obtained. Nasoendoscopy was performed and scored with the Discharge, Inflammation and Polyps/Oedema (DIP) endoscopic scoring system. Results: Of the 71 type II diabetics with CRS, 40.8% were males and 59.2% females. The modal age group was 51-60 years. The mean SNOT-22 and DIP scores were 41.6 and 14.3 among type II diabetics with CRS respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between DIP and SNOT-22 scores, however no statistically significant difference in the DIP score and SNOT-22 test between type II diabetics with CRS and non-diabetics with CRS. Conclusion: DIP score and SNOT-22 test were similar between type II diabetics with CRS and non-diabetics with CRS. There was higher number of type II diabetics and non-diabetics with moderate impact of CRS on QoL using SNOT-22. Type II diabetes is therefore not a predictor of sinonasal outcome in CRS patients. DIP score and SNOT-22 can be routinely used in assessment and management of CRS.

Nigerian Medical Journal, 2018

IntroductIon All otorhinolaryngological patients who are scheduled for surgery need adequate preo... more IntroductIon All otorhinolaryngological patients who are scheduled for surgery need adequate preoperative preparation. This is to avoid perioperative complications. Patients are different in pathology, physical and socioeconomic statuses hence possess different risk to both surgery and anaesthesia. 1-3 Assessment of both surgical and anesthetic risks is an essential component of preoperative evaluation of otorhinolaryngological surgical patients. Preoperative evaluations of patients aim at identifying potential conditions that can affect both surgical and anesthetic outcome. This evaluation is achieved by good history of present and past illness, physical examination, and laboratory investigations. The clinical status of each patient would determine the extent of preoperative laboratory investigation. However, some studies have shown that systematic preoperative laboratory investigations were excessively requested, dogmatic, and should not be routinely ordered. 1,2 Most of the practice of the preoperative patient's evaluation are based on studies performed in developed countries and were not locally evaluated. 2 In Africa and other developing countries, preoperative assessment is mostly challenging due to patient's poor history of present and past illnesses, poorly managed past medical records, inadequate family and Background: Routine laboratory investigations are important in preoperative preparation of otorhinolaryngological, head and neck patients to assess and to prevent operative risks. This study aimed at determining the American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) classification of the preoperative patients, causes of delayed surgery, associated comorbidity and abnormal laboratory investigation results in ear, nose, and throat surgical practice in a low-resource setting. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective hospital-based study of patients being worked up for elective surgical procedures in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, from January 2014 to December 2016. Patients that gave consent were enrolled into the study. Interviewer-assisted questionnaires were used to obtained data from the patients. Data obtained were collated and statistically analyzed by using SPSS version 16. Results: A total of 424 patients were enrolled into the study. Males constituted 61.8% and male to female ratio was 2:1. Majority, i.e. 69.8% of the patients belonged to the ASA Grade I. Preoperative findings leading to delayed surgery occurred in 17.9% of the patients. They were due to 2.4% arterial hypertension and 6.4% delayed routine laboratory investigations results. The overall comorbid illness was 21.2%. Major comorbid illnesses were 2.4% arterial hypertension and 6.8% diabetes mellitus. The types of surgery in the patients were 14.6% ear surgery, 12.3% nasal surgery, and 59.2% throat surgery. Delayed surgery occurred in 25.5% of the patients. The most common findings were 6.8% anemia, 6.3% abnormal prothrombin/international normalized ratio, and 5.7% blood electrolyte and urea. Conclusion: All surgical conditions are peculiar with different comorbid illnesses which can lead to untoward outcome. Adequate preoperative evaluation and preoperative laboratory investigation of ear, nose, and throat conditions are mandatory to detect subclinical illnesses in poor-resource setting.

Tropical Doctor, 2017

Cystometrography (CMG) is a means of studying bladder pressure. It is a very useful diagnostic to... more Cystometrography (CMG) is a means of studying bladder pressure. It is a very useful diagnostic tool in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms for which a simple cystoscopy will not offer sufficient information to form a diagnosis. Of the 8893 patients who underwent screening for urological conditions in rural northeast India during 2010-2014, 280 with lower urinary tract symptoms were investigated with a combination of cystoscopy and CMG. By corresponding CMG diagnosis and treatment, we could examine patients' overall satisfaction with both the procedure and the treatment. We describe a low-cost method of CMG and our results using this method in rural areas of India.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 2011

Nasal parameters measurements are useful in anthropology to distinguish people into racial and et... more Nasal parameters measurements are useful in anthropology to distinguish people into racial and ethnic groups. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey among Nigerians aged 18 to 70 years of Nigerian parentage randomly selected at the ENT Clinic of the University of Ilorin teaching hospital (U.I.T.H.), Ilorin, Nigeria without gender discrimination had measurement of their nasal parameters done using a sliding caliper: Nasal height, width, tip protrusion, alar thickness, nasal septal thickness and nares diameter. Results: 105 subjects were seen, the age range 18 to 70 years (mean of 28.63 + 13.06 years). There was 58 males and 47 females with a male/female ratio of 1.2:1. The mean nasal width/height (Nasal index-NI) was 90.7 in males and 88.2 in females. Males had a higher NI compared to female (p < 0.03). The commonest type of nasal variability is Type A (70.5%), Platyrrhine nose, Type B (26.7%) especially in females (mesorrhine) and Type C (leptorrhine) (2.8%). Conclusions: There is significant association between the sex of an individual and type of Nose. Platyrrhine nose, among males and mesorrhine among females, only 2.8% being leptorrhine. The nasal indices were higher in males than in females.

OTO Open, 2017

Objective The aim of this study is to present the management and outcome of treatment of rhinosin... more Objective The aim of this study is to present the management and outcome of treatment of rhinosinusitis in Nigeria. Study Design A retrospective review of the case notes of patients with rhinosinusitis between January 2009 and December 2014. Setting Study at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, using retrieved case notes after ethical approval was received. Subjects and Methods The information retrieved included sociodemographic data, clinical presentation, duration, endoscopic examination, and other clinical management protocols with follow-up. All information was entered into SPSS version 20 and analyzed descriptively, and results are presented in tables and figure. Results A total of 5618 patients were seen in the ear, nose, and throat clinic over the 6-year period. Of the patients, 445 had rhinosinusitis, and only 410 had complete data for analysis. Patient age ranged from 2 to 75 years (mean ± SD, 31.8 ± 1.2 years). The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The durati...

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2008

Background/Aim: Various degrees of hearing loss have been associated with sickle cell anaemia, es... more Background/Aim: Various degrees of hearing loss have been associated with sickle cell anaemia, especially of the sensorineural type (SNHL). However, there is little information on hearing pattern among sickle cell children in Nigeria. This study is to determine the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) among children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA). Patients and methods: Eighty (80) stable children aged 4-15 with Hbss attending the pediatric sickle cell clinic and also 60 control patients with HbAA, matched for age, sex at the pediatric general medical clinic of the University of Ilorin teaching hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria, all had prospective study of their pure tone audiological assessment (PTA) and tympanometric evaluations done over a year period. Results: Their age range was 4-15 years with a mean of 9.4 for the Hbss and 9.7 for the control group. The male/female ratio was 1.3:1 and 1.5:1 for SCA and control subjects respectively. 25 subjects (50 ears) had abnormal audiograms among the SCA subjects and OME was the cause in 22 subjects and only three (3) had mild SNHL which was bilateral. However, in the control group 15 had abnormal audiograms and all were due to OME and none had SNHL. OME was bilateral in 19 subjects with SCA, two on the left and only one on the right. In the control group, 11 of the OME was bilateral and only four were on the left side. The prevalence of SNHL was 3.8% and OME was 27.5%.

Anaerobe, 2014

Objectives: The study intends to report the profiles of anaerobic bacteria isolated and attempts ... more Objectives: The study intends to report the profiles of anaerobic bacteria isolated and attempts to evaluate the impact of immunocompromised status of patients on the disease. Study design: A cross-sectional prospective study.

Pan African Medical Journal, 2021

Introduction: chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterised by inflammation of the mucosal lining... more Introduction: chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterised by inflammation of the mucosal lining of the nose and paranasal sinuses for at least 12 weeks duration. Other than the diagnostic criteria that is based on clinical features; nasoendoscopy and/or computerized tomographic scan have been included in the diagnosis. This study seeks to outline the clinical evaluation and nasoendoscopic assessment of CRS patients. Methods: a hospital-based analytical study carried out on 154 participants. Clinical assessment and nasoendoscopy were performed and scored according to the discharge, inflammation and polyps/oedema (DIP) scale. Statistical analysis was

BMJ case reports, 2012

A 6-year-old girl who claimed to have fallen while playing with metal rod that resulted in palata... more A 6-year-old girl who claimed to have fallen while playing with metal rod that resulted in palatal avulsion injuries was presented. Neither of the parents was around when the incidence happened. She was brought to the hospital because of pain, bleeding from the mouth, drooling of saliva mixed with blood and inability to feed or phonate appropriately. Examinations of the oral cavity revealed a triangular area of avulsion in the posterior aspect of the hard palate extending to the soft palate. She had examination under anaesthesia and wound repaired with 3-0 vicryl interrupted sutures after thorough wound debridement. She did well and was discharged from the clinic.

The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal, 2003

This is a retrospective analysis on the prognostic factors in the management outcome of clinicall... more This is a retrospective analysis on the prognostic factors in the management outcome of clinically and histologically diagnosed carcinoma of larynx seen in Lagos University Teaching Hospital between 1996-1999. Various prognostic factors have been documented as determinants on the probable outcome of carcinoma of the larynx, such as duration of symptoms, smoking, medical status of the patient, degree of differentiation, size and site of tumour and presence of cervical lymph node. Thirty-six patients between 1996-1999 were reviewed, with a male to female ratio of 11:1, and peak age group of occurrence in 50-59 years, majority (86.12%) of which were non-smokers who presented in varied degrees of airway obstruction necessitating pre-treatment tracheostomy in 70% of the patients with more than 50% presenting within 3-6 months of onset of initial symptom. The tumours were staged clinically and histology revealed well differentiated T3 glottic tumour without any clinically palpable neck no...

Arquivos Internacionais de Otorrinolaringologia, 2014

Introduction: Aging process is associated with degeneration in different part of the body There i... more Introduction: Aging process is associated with degeneration in different part of the body There is scarcity of literature on the otological diseases in the elderly black African especially Nigerian which is the largest African nation. Thus this study is done with the aim of highlighting the pattern of otological diseases in elderly for careful cost-effective health care plans and to make the aging period more fulfilling and tolerable to the elderly. It is therefore hope that the information will go a long way to assist other African countries as well. Method: The study is a ten year hospital-based retrospective study between January, 1999 and December, 2008 at the ENT Department of Unilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin. All patients aged 65 years and above with otological complaints were included in the study. Results: A total of 740 Elderly patients were included in the study. The male to female sex ratio was 1.5:1.0.Petty Traders accounted for 300 (40.5%) of cases; 87 (11.8%) were Farmers; 250 (33.8%) were Retired Civil Servants; 68 (9.2%) were Unskilled Laborers and 35 (4.7%) were full-time Housewives. Aural wax impaction was the commonest otological disease found, accounting for 360 (48.7%) of cases, Hearing loss (presbyacusis),158 (21.4%); Tinnitus,78 (10.5%) and Otomycosis,64 (8.5%).Other conditions were CSOM,34 (4.6%);Foreign body Impaction,32 (4.3%); Vertigo,10 (1.4%) and Aural Tumours,5 (0.6%). Conclusion: Aural wax impaction was the commonest disease found, thus it is important to always do full audiologic evaluation after aural syringing to rule out other conditions such as presbyacusis and aural tumours in elderly. Continuing medical education is recommended for the general practitioners for early recognition and referral.

BMC Research Notes, 2009

Background: Traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane may be due to direct or indirect sourc... more Background: Traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane may be due to direct or indirect source. The aim of the study is to profile the various aetiologies of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation in Ilorin, north central Nigeria. A retrospective review of 64 patients seen at the University of Ilorin Teaching hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria over a ten year period (January 1998 to Dec 2007) with history of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation from various causes, these also included multiply injured patients with bleeding from middle ear as part of their presentations. The data retrieved included the biodata, the clinical presentations, source of injury, the clinical findings and the treatment outcome. The data were entered into an SPSS version 11 computer soft ware and analyzed descriptively. Findings: Sixty four (64) ears were analysed, Age range 6 months to 50 yrs, mean age of 29.2 yrs 7.9% of them were ≤5 years, 29.7% between 21-34 years, and 37.7% were 35 years and above. The male to female ratio was 2.5:1.0. Commonest aetiology was from slaps, then road traffic injury (RTI) in 35.9% and 23.5%, Majority of the slap injury were from fights (30.5%), security agents, senior students and cultists at schools (17.4% each). Sudden hearing loss was a typical presentation (95.3%), majority of the patient defaulted from follow up once the symptoms of bleeding and pain subsided. Only 7.8% had neomembrane formation on follow up Conclusion: Traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane is an uncommon injury that is under-reported, there is the need to educate on alternative punitive measure among students and security agents, unskilled removal of foreign body, early identification, evaluation and referral of patients reduces the attendant morbidity.

Annals of African Medicine, 2009

background and Aim: Preauricular sinus abscess is a common congenital external ear disease. this ... more background and Aim: Preauricular sinus abscess is a common congenital external ear disease. this abscess is usually misdiagnosed because it is commonly overlooked during physical examination. In Nigeria, the prevalence was 9.3% in Ilorin, north central Nigeria this study is to determine the distribution and clinical presentation of the preauricular sinus abscess in Ekiti, south west Nigeria. MAtErIALs and methods: this is a prospective hospital based study of all patients with diagnosis of preauricular sinus abscess seen in our clinic carried out between April 2008 to March 2010. Detailed clinical history, administered interviewer's assisted questionnaires full examination and. Data obtained were collated and analysed. rEsULts: Preauricular sinus were noticed in 184 (4.4%) out of 4170 patients seen during the study period. Preauricular sinus abscess were noticed in 21 (11.4%) of the preauricular sinuses especially in children. Unilateral preauricular sinus abscess accounted for ...

Ear, nose, & throat journal, 2009

Tuberculosis is the second leading cause of death worldwide after human immunodeficiency virus/AI... more Tuberculosis is the second leading cause of death worldwide after human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS and is especially prevalent in developing countries. We report a case of primary sinonasal tuberculosis without pulmonary involvement, which is rare, in a 27-year old female Nigerian fish farmer. She had a 3-year history of right-eye proptosis, bilateral nasal masses, and epistaxis. Cranial computed tomography suggested an extensive sinonaso-orbital neoplastic lesion. We performed a right external frontoethmoidectomy. Histologically, the excised nasal polyps revealed tuberculosis. Six months of antituberculosis therapy provided satisfactory improvement. Sinonasal tuberculosis, despite its rarity, should be added to the differential diagnosis of nasal and paranasal sinus disorders, and histologic evaluation remains the hallmark of diagnosis. Therapy with a short-duration, multidrug combination, rather than the longer-duration treatment regimen hitherto used, could be quite valuable, es...

Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, 2013

Objectives To determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in our study population and the corre... more Objectives To determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in our study population and the correlation between the Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) and nasal smear eosinophil count. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Ear, nose, and throat clinic, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria; a 450-bed tertiary health facility. Subjects Two hundred seventy-five consecutive, consenting patients who presented with nasal symptoms. Methods Information on the 8-parameter symptom score was collected using a semistructured questionnaire by interview. Nasal smear slides were air dried, fixed with 95% alcohol, stained using May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain, and examined under a light microscope. Results Of the 275 participants seen during the 1-year study, 116 (42.2%) were males. The mean ± SD age was 38.5 ± 16.3 (range, 14-75) years. Eighty-one (29.5%) were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis using a nasal smear eosinophil count. The most common symptom was excessive sneezing, involving...