B. Iglseder - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by B. Iglseder

Gefässchirurgie, 2008

Der Schlaganfall ist weltweit die dritthäufigste Todesursache und die häufigste Ursache für eine ... more Der Schlaganfall ist weltweit die dritthäufigste Todesursache und die häufigste Ursache für eine schwere Behinderung im Erwachsenenalter. Jedes Jahr erkranken in Österreich rund 20.000 Menschen daran, ca. 60.000 leiden unter den Schlaganfallfolgen. Neue Erkenntnisse zur Pathophysiologie und Klinik des Schlaganfalls sowie die Einführung moderner diagnostischer Verfahren haben das Management von Schlaganfallpatient(inn)e n wesentlich geändert. Stroke-Units wurden als optimale Infrastruktur für die Behandlung von Patient(inn)en mit akutem Schlaganfall eingerichtet. Österreich ist in weiten Teilen bereits heute mit einem engen Netzwerk spezialisierter Schlaganfallstationen versorgt, bis zum Jahr 2010 sollte das Ziel einer flächendeckenden Versorgung in ganz Österreich erreicht sein. In der Akuttherapie stehen mit der systemischen und lokalen Thrombolyse kausale Behandlungsmöglichkeiten zur Verfügung. In den letzten Jahren wurden auch zahlreiche neue Studienergebnisse zur Primär-und Sekundärprävention publiziert. Basierend auf den aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen und in der Praxis bewährten Verfahren hat die Österreichische Gesellschaft für Schlaganfallforschung ein Positionspapier zu wichtigen Themenbereichen der Versorgung von Schlaganfallpatient(inn)en erarbeitet. Die Daten wurden von Arbeitsgruppen in einem systematischen Review gesammelt und im Expertengremium diskutiert, wobei für die Einstufung in Evidenzgrad und Empfehlungsstärke die EFNS-Kriterien [144] verwendet wurden (. Tab. 1). Es ist geplant, weitere Themen aufzuneh-

Journal of Neuroimaging

A 61-year-old woman had Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, type Heidenhain, that progressed for 4 months ... more A 61-year-old woman had Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, type Heidenhain, that progressed for 4 months until death, 3 of which she spent in a hospital. The diagnosis was verified by autopsy. Consecutive brain computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, blood flow measurements, electroencephalography (EEG), and routine laboratory tests were performed. All imaging techniques showed nonspecific pathological changes, whereas EEG revealed alterations indicative for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Atherosclerosis, 2002

Background: An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the gene for angiotensin-converting-enzym... more Background: An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the gene for angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) is associated with ACE plasma levels and activity. Conflicting results have been reported about the relevance of this polymorphism for atherosclerotic vascular disease. The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of this polymorphism for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods: The study was designed as a case-control study including 522 patients with documented PAD and 522 sex- and age-matched controls. ACE genotype was determined by size-analysis of polymerase chain reaction products. Results: ACE genotype frequencies were similar between patients (II: 23.4%; ID: 44.8%; DD: 31.8%) and controls (II: 23.8%; ID: 48.3%; DD: 27.9%, P=0.37). The adjusted odds ratio of carriers of the DD genotype for PAD was 1.29 (95% confidence interval 0.95–1.75). The polymorphism was furthermore not associated with age at onset of PAD (P=0.56), Fontaine stage of the disease (P=0.68) or ...

Stroke, 2005

Adipose tissue produces and secretes a number of bioactive molecules, conceptualized as adipocyto... more Adipose tissue produces and secretes a number of bioactive molecules, conceptualized as adipocytokines. Adiponectin has been identified as one of the adipocytokines, and hypoadiponectinemia was demonstrated in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. Whether decreased adiponectin levels are cause or consequence is an important issue in the discussion on the association between adiponectin and atherosclerosis. In the present study, we investigated the association of plasma adiponectin levels with sonographic phenotypes of subclinical atherosclerosis, which may represent different stages of disease as well as common and distinct determinants. A total of 1515 middle-aged healthy white subjects (940 males and 575 females) were included. Common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) and presence of atherosclerotic plaques were assessed by B-mode ultrasound. After adjustment for established risk factors, per 1 microg/mL decrease in adiponectin CIMT increased on the average by 3.48 microm in males (95% CI, 1.23 to 5.73 microm) and by 2.39 microm in females (95% CI, 0.50 to 4.27 microm). After dichotomizing adiponectin levels at the median and adjustment for established risk factors, the mean difference of CIMT between subjects with low and high adiponectin levels was 20.42 microm in men (95% CI, 6.80 to 34.04; P=0.003) and 20.75 microm in women (95% CI, 1.08 to 40.42; P=0.039). No significant relationship was found between adiponectin levels and presence of atherosclerotic plaques. Our results demonstrate an independent negative association of adiponectin levels and CIMT, whereas no relationship with presence of atherosclerotic plaques was found, thus suggesting hypoadiponectinemia as a risk factor in the development of early atherosclerosis.

Nuclear Medicine Communications, 1998

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) may not be reliable in the differen... more Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) may not be reliable in the differential diagnosis of tumour necrosis, scar and recurrent tumour. We compared 201Tl-chloride SPET with CT and MRI for the differential diagnosis of these cerebral lesions. Brain SPET was performed in 40 patients after the intravenous injection of 201Tl-chloride. All 40 patients also had a CT or MRI scan, and a histological diagnosis was available for 27 of the patients. For each patient, the ratio of counts in the lesion region of interest (ROI) to counts in the contralateral ROI was calculated and found to be between 0.58 and 9.60. The ratios for high-grade gliomas, metastases and meningiomas were high (> 2.7), especially in tumours with good vascularization. A low ratio (< 1.7) was noted in patients with low-grade astrocytoma, necrosis or ischaemic lesions. There were two exceptional cases of ischaemic lesions in the luxury perfusion stage (ratios of 3.61 and 3.87), as verified by HMPAO-SPET. We found that 201Tl-chloride SPET helps to differentiate between malignant tumours, poorly vascularized benign lesions and necrosis. Differentiation between low-grade astrocytoma and non-malignant lesions was not possible, but there was a trend towards differentiating between low-grade astrocytoma and ischaemic infarction. The timing of the investigation is important to avoid false-positive results in hyperperfused ischaemic tissue.

Journal of Internal Medicine, 2005

To investigate the relationship between cardiac repolarization (QT interval duration) and intima ... more To investigate the relationship between cardiac repolarization (QT interval duration) and intima media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries as surrogate measures of subclinical atherosclerosis. Prospective study with consecutive subjects enrolled in the SAPHIR program (Salzburg Atherosclerosis Prevention Program in Subjects at High Individual Risk). The analysis of the material was performed at the departments of medicine and neurology of a university hospital. The study cohort comprises a population-based sample of 1199 clinically healthy subjects (851 men and 348 women; age 39-66 years). Exclusion criteria were cardiovascular disease, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, bundle branch block and use of medication affecting QT interval duration. IMT of common (CCA) and internal carotid arteries (ICA) was measured by B-mode ultrasound. QT interval duration was determined in the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram by an automatic analysis program. The QT intervals were corrected for heart rate with five standard equations (QTc-Bazett, -Fridericia, -Framingham, -Hodges and -Rautaharju) and tested for their relationship with carotid IMT after adjustment for clinical and metabolic variables. Results. Females had higher heart rates than males (64 +/- 10 b min(-1) vs. 60 +/- 9 b min(-1), P <0.0005), with longer mean QT (410 +/- 28 ms vs. 404 +/- 28 ms, P=0.003) and QTc intervals in all correction formulae (P <0.0005). Significant correlations between QT/QTc and ICA IMT (r=0.14-0.16) were found in males. In the general linear model the association between QTc (except for Bazett) and ICA IMT remained significant after adjusting for age, BMI and further cardiovascular risk factors. In females the crude correlations between QT/QTc and ICA IMT were lower than those with CCA IMT. Only the correlation between uncorrected QT and CCA IMT (r=0.15, P=0.006) remained significant after adjustment for covariates. The results of the present study demonstrate that QT and QTc prolongation are in part associated with IMT of carotid arteries, which is an established risk marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. In men the data support the hypothesis of an association between QTc and ICA IMT. In women a statistically significant relationship was found between the uncorrected QT interval and CCA IMT. These findings suggest that differences in carotid IMT and ventricular repolarization between genders might be related to hormonal and nonhormonal effects.

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2003

Conflicting data exists about the possible contribution of the homozygous Asp/Asp genotype of the... more Conflicting data exists about the possible contribution of the homozygous Asp/Asp genotype of the Glu298Asp polymorphism of endothelial nitric oxide synthase to human atherosclerotic vascular disease. We investigated the polymorphism in two independent study populations: a case-control study including patients with angiographically verified coronary artery disease (CAD) on the one hand and a cross-sectional epidemiological study on the other hand. The Glu298Asp polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP as established. In the case-control study (240 patients and 248 controls) a possible association between the polymorphism and CAD, and age of onset of CAD and myocardial infarction was investigated. In the cross-sectional epidemiological study (932 subjects) intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery as well as morphological plaque burden and forearm vascular reactivity (peak postischemic reactive hyperaemia, determined by venous occlusion plethysmography) were measured. In the case-control study genotype distribution (Glu/Glu; Glu/Asp; Asp/Asp) was not different between the CAD patients (43/46/11%) and the controls (49/41/10%, P = NS). No association of the polymorphism with age of onset of CAD or myocardial infarction was found. In the epidemiological study no influence of the genetic variant on IMT was observed after correction for classical determinants of IMT (average IMT: Asp/ Asp: 0.077 +/- 0.011 mm; Glu/Glu and Glu/Asp: 0.080 +/- 0.012 mm, P = NS). Forearm vascular reactivity was also not different between homozygous Asp/Asp subjects and Glu/Glu and Glu/Asp subjects (peak-reactive hyperaemia 20.1 +/- 7.3 mL min-1 100 mL-1 vs. 20.0 +/- 6.5 mL min-1 100 mL-1, P = NS). Our results suggest that there is no association of the Glu298Asp polymorphism with coronary or carotid atherosclerosis or forearm vascular reactivity in these populations recruited in a country with a rather high risk for atherosclerosis. We suggest additional investigations to be performed in populations at different risk for coronary events to further elucidate the possible contribution of this polymorphism to vascular disease.

Brain, 2002

This is an expression of neuronal plasticity during early stages of a chronic disease.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2004

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is responsible for the exchange of triglycerides an... more The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is responsible for the exchange of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters between lipoprotein particles leading to an increased hepatic clearance of HDL-cholesteryl esters. A high CETP activity reduces serum HDL levels, whereas persons without CETP activity have high HDL levels. We investigated the association of the TaqIB CETP polymorphism and various parameters of the insulin resistance syndrome in a cross sectional population based study. We included 1029 persons without known cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus consecutively enrolled in our SAPHIR program (Salzburg Atherosclerosis Prevention program in persons with a High Infarction Risk). Numerous clinical and laboratory data were accomplished. Insulin sensitivity was measured by a short insulin tolerance test. The TaqIB CETP polymorphism was determined by PCR, TaqI restriction and electrophoresis. 35.2% were homozygous for the prevalence (B1B1), 46.7% were heterozygous (B1B2), and 18.1% homozygous for the absence (B2B2) of the restriction site. HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 were lower and small dense low-density lipoproteins (sdLDL) higher in B1B1 compared to B2B1 and B2B2 persons. In women, we found a significant interaction effect between CETP genotype and adiposity for HDL cholesterol. B1B1 women with a BMI and a waist circumference above the median had 9.7 mg/dl lower HDL than B1B2 and 9.1 mg/dl lower HDL than B2B2 women (P < 0.001). In men, no interaction effect but a marked genotype to HDL correlation was found. There was a high CETP effect on sdLDL detected in men (P = 0.001). B1B1 men had sdLDL in 36%, B1B2 in 24.6%, and B2B2 in only 14.5%. Men with adiposity and insulin resistance had twice as many sdLDL as insulin sensitive men. We found a significant sex specific effect of the TaqIB CETP polymorphism on the insulin resistance parameters HDL-cholesterol and sdLDL in an Austrian population based study.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2005

Objective-Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to atherogenesis. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) ... more Objective-Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to atherogenesis. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) reduces mitochondrial ROS generation and protects against the disease in animal models. A common Ϫ866G/A promoter polymorphism that has been associated with obesity and ␤-cell function may also affect UCP2 gene expression in cells of the arterial wall. Methods and Results-Genotype distributions of the Ϫ866G/A and of a 45nt-del/ins polymorphism in the 3Ј-untranslated region of the UCP2 gene were determined in 1334 participants of the Salzburg Atherosclerosis Prevention Program in Subjects at High Individual Risk (SAPHIR). We observed a modest association of the Ϫ866G/A promoter polymorphism and 2-loci haplotypes with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in female study participants. Functional studies revealed increased expression of the Ϫ866G wild-type allele in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and differentiated THP-1 cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay studies and antibody-interference assays performed with nuclear extracts of various cell lines showed binding of cell-type specific protein complexes to the region encompassing the Ϫ866 site and suggested involvement of hypoxia inducible factor 1␣ in the regulation of UCP2 gene expression in endothelial cells and macrophages.

Aktuelle Neurologie, 1998

Aktuelle Neurologie, 1995

Journal of Neural Transmission, 2006

of cognitive impairment. The used semiquantitative ROI-method is nearly equivalent and does not d... more of cognitive impairment. The used semiquantitative ROI-method is nearly equivalent and does not depend on the experience of the investigator.