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Papers by Babasola Olugasa

One Health & Implementation Research, Dec 13, 2023

Background: Rabies, a deadly viral human-animal disease, remains endemic in Nigeria. Identifying ... more Background: Rabies, a deadly viral human-animal disease, remains endemic in Nigeria. Identifying gaps in rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices among dog owners in communities within Southwestern Nigeria remains a public health goal. This cross-sectional study investigated the knowledge of and attitudes to rabies exposure, prophylaxis and associated factors, and practices during rabies exposure and prophylaxis among dog owners in Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: Using multistage sampling technique, 500 dog owners were randomly selected and interviewed with a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data collected on their socio-demographics, knowledge of and attitudes to Results: The majority of the respondents were female (53.0%; 265 respondents of 500 respondents), 32 years old (54.6%; 273 of 500), and had primary and secondary education (53.2%; 266 of 500 respondents). The majority (60.0%; 300 of 500 respondents) allowed their dogs to roam the streets, but only 120 (24.0%) had vaccinated their dogs up to date. Of the 500 respondents, 145 (29%) had experienced dog bites, but few (4.1%; 6 of 145) received rabies vaccine, and even fewer (2.8%; 4 of 145) completed the regimen. Proportions of respondents with knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with higher rabies risks were 37.8%, 59.4%, and 97.6%, respectively. Age (P = 0.01), education (P = 0.04), short-term dog ownership (P = 0.01), and occupation (P = 0.01) were factors associated with their practices in relation to higher rabies risks. Conclusion: The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dog owners towards rabies exposure portends a high risk. Public health interventions to achieve behavioural change, and the enforcement of dog vaccination and leash laws are highly recommended.

PubMed, Dec 1, 2014

Objective: The post-civil war records of dog bite injuries (DBI) and rabies-like-illness (RLI) am... more Objective: The post-civil war records of dog bite injuries (DBI) and rabies-like-illness (RLI) among humans in Liberia is a vital epidemiological resource for developing a predictive model to guide the allocation of resources towards human rabies control. Whereas DBI and RLI are high, they are largely under-reported. The objective of this study was to develop a time model of the case-pattern and apply it to derive predictors of time-trend point distribution of DBI-RLI cases. Methods: A retrospective 6 years data of DBI distribution among humans countrywide were converted to quarterly series using a transformation technique of Minimizing Squared First Difference statistic. The generated dataset was used to train a time-trend model of the DBI-RLI syndrome in Liberia. An additive detenninistic time-trend model was selected due to its performance compared to multiplication model of trend and seasonal movement. Parameter predictors were run on least square method to predict DBI cases for a prospective 4 years period, covering 2014-2017. Results: The two-stage predictive model of DBI case-pattern between 2014 and 2017 was characterised by a uniform upward trend within Liberia's coastal and hinterland Counties over the forecast period. Conclusion: This paper describes a translational application of the time-trend distribution pattern of DBI epidemics, 2008-2013 reported in Liberia, on which a predictive model was developed. A computationally feasible two-stage time-trend permutation approach is proposed to estimate the time-trend parameters and conduct predictive inference on DBI-RLI in Liberia.

PubMed, Dec 1, 2014

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health. problem in Liberia and it is among the fi... more Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health. problem in Liberia and it is among the first five most important infectious diseases. Fourteen years of civil war in Liberia caused a large internal displacement and external migration of its citizens to neighbouring countries such as Guinea, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone, Ghana and Nigeria. Current spatio-temporal pattern of TB cases in Liberia is essential for identifying risk factors among humans for optimal resource allocation. Methods: Surveillance data from January, 2008 to December, 2012 were retrieved from two national TB referral hospitals in the country: TB Annex Hospital (TBAH) (Montserrado County) and Ganta TB and Leprosy Rehabilitation Hospital (GTBLRH) (Nimba County). Geographic coordinates of TB patient's locations were captured based on records in the hospital case-files using Global Positioning System (GPS). The coordinates were mapped using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. Data on age, gender, date of illness, dry and wet season frequency were used to compute a descriptive and categorical analysis. Kulldorff's spatio-temporal scan statistic was used to identify clusters of TB in the two Counties. Results: A total of 2,890 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported during the study period. There were 1,365 (47.23%) and 1,525 (52.77%) cases from TBAH and GTBLRH respectively. The mean age of patient was 45.19 years ± 19.49 (SD). Of this, 1,450 (50.17%) were male. There was significant association between year of TB occurrence and treatment outcome (χ2 = 14.38; p = 0.006). Conclusion: The paper presents TB spatial pattern, summarizing 5-year records of post-conflict surveillance of the disease in Liberia.

Conference proceedings, 2018

Introduction : highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus H5N1 kills up to 90 - 100% of domes... more Introduction : highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus H5N1 kills up to 90 - 100% of domestic fowl flock during outbreaks globally. This study, conducted from January 8, 2015 to August 6, 2015, aimed to assess the space-time distribution pattern of the re-emergence of HPAI H5N1 in Nigeria. Methods : secondary analysis was done on confirmed cases of HPAI data abstracted from records of the Federal Department of Veterinary and Pest Control Service, Abuja. We sorted cases into confirmed and suspected HPAI. Geographic coordinates of affected farms was obtained using Google Earth Pros. We conducted analysis of the data with Kulldorff’s two-dimensional spatial scan statistics based on the use of circular window to identify whether the HPAI cases were randomly distributed over space or not. Spatial scan was used to detect clusters in space (assuming a Bernoulli distribution). Primary and secondary clusters were determined using likelihood-ratio test statistics. Time and space-time permutation was developed for prediction of possible outbreak. Chi-square was calculated at significant level set at 5%. Results : the virus affected 20 states (55.6%) in Nigeria. HPAI H5N1 epidemics occurred in all the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. Primary cluster and two secondary clusters of purely spatial scan statistics were all significant at p ≤ 0.05, and revealed that 95.1% of H5N1-infected farms were located within a 0.091km radius (Log likelihood ratio = 25.68). The centre coordinates for the clusters were found to be areas of high human density and considerable swine production. The Space-time permutation model identified a significant prospective outbreaks within 3.5 years interval in Plateau State (χ2 = 58.08, P Conclusion : this finding portends significant potential for co-infection and re-assortment of the virus with the human and swine strains. We recommend the need for enhanced surveillance in both poultry and swine populations in Nigeria.

Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate immunogenicity of five commonly used vaccines for prevention... more This study was conducted to evaluate immunogenicity of five commonly used vaccines for prevention of Newcastle disease (ND) in Ibadan, the capital city of Oyo State Nigeria. Two hundred and twenty (220) blood samples were collected from apparently healthy vaccinated chickenin 8 poultry farms in suburbs of the city. An average of 27 samples was collected from each farm.Blood samples were collected from a total of 72 breeders 88 layers and 60 pullets. Sera were testedusing heamagglutination inhibition (HI) techniquet to determineantibody levels against ND after vaccination with a commercial ND vaccine. Geometric mean titre (GMT) of antibodies against ND were calculated among flocks. The resultsindicated significant (p<0.05) difference between the vaccines used. Highest level of immunity was confered by an imported LaSota vaccine (VAC 2),while lowest immunity was confered by another imported LaSota vaccine (VAC 1).The present findings indicate that some imported ND vaccines may effectively serve as alternative to the locally produced vaccines. Routine sero-monitoring ofpoultry response to ND vaccinesis advocated to enable farmers monitor immune profile of their flocks may contribute to more effective and efficient control of ND and ensure economic performance of farms. This facility could be part of the services in State Veterinary Laboratories in Nigeria.

Journal of Infection and Public Health, 2018

Background: In mammals and across rat species, the variation in conformation is markedly observed... more Background: In mammals and across rat species, the variation in conformation is markedly observed in the head and the variation in the shape of the head is mostly determined by the shape of the skull. Hence comparative topographic analysis and morphometry is a veritable tool in precise categorization of peri-domestic rats and species identification. Methods: Killed rodents around residential dwellings of students on campus were collected and measurements taken of external morphology. Thirty-one external head and corporal parameters; and 40 cranial measurements respectively were obtained. Topographic features and specific anatomical landmarks measured were matched using congruent anatomical landmarks and compared to referenced standard measurements. Results: External morphometry suggests that all retrieved samples were more closely related to the species Rattus rattus. However, craniodental analysis of captured rats reveals variations from the mean of typical R. rattus. In comparison with Mastomys natalensis, the mean averages of the rat species were perceptibly different for only two of the parameters viz palatine fissure length (PL) (p = 0.039) and distance between interparietal bone (DP) (p = 0.06). In contrast, the mean of whole length of skull (WL), length of diastema (PI), length of nasal bone (NL), length of frontal bone (LF) and occipital width (OH) were significantly different from that of R. rattus with p values of 0.047, 0.036, 0.048, 0.032 and 0.034 respectively. Conclusion: This study focuses on peridomestic rat's identification within the University campus based on morphometry, providing unique landmarks for differentiation between Mastomys, Mus, Rattus and other rat species with emphasis on the need for more comprehensive investigation, categorization and morphometric profiling of rat population in Nigeria. Metric data generated for rat profiling in Nigeria is pivotal for a more comprehensive strategy for prevention of Lassa fever.

African Journal of Livestock Extension, 2008

African swine fever (ASF) is a widely discussed disease in Ibadan, Nigeria, where high mortality ... more African swine fever (ASF) is a widely discussed disease in Ibadan, Nigeria, where high mortality losses occurred in outbreaks in the city between 2001-2006. To study the level to which ASF containment technologies were adopted and factors associated with adoption behavior, a sample of 60 pig farmers was selected from six local government areas in and near Ibadan. Essential data were collected using a questionnaire. Assessment criteria in forms of frequency, percentage, mean and product moment correlation coefficient were calculated. Results showed that the majority of pig farmers did not adopt ASF biocontainment technologies, since 86.7% (52/60) were at a low level of adoption behavior, 10% (6/60) at a medium level, and 3.3% (2/60) at a high level. A farmer’s income from piggery, knowledge of biocontainment technologies, and frequency of extension contact had positive and highly significant relationships (r ≥ 0.787) on levels of adoption. Specific needs and emergingopportunities for...

International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology, 2021

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a major global health concern, responsible for estimated ... more Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a major global health concern, responsible for estimated 500,000 to 1.2 million human deaths each year. The clinical manifestations of HBV-related deaths that usually arise after chronic-hepatitis include liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The transfusion of blood is a critical risk point for inadvertent transmission of Hepatitis B virus at emergency healthcare points. This poses a significant public health challenge especially in developing countries. The impact of this challenge in Ikenne Local Government area is yet to be estimated. This study was designed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of blood donors in the four major towns in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. A questionnaire survey enlisted 143 blood donors at selected blood banks in Ikenne, Ilishan, Iperu and Irolu towns in Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State, from February 4th to March 24th, 2021. Data collected were summarized using de...

African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research, 2021

Malaria is unique among diseases because its roots lie so deep within human communities. Malaria ... more Malaria is unique among diseases because its roots lie so deep within human communities. Malaria is a threat to more than 40% of the world's population. The role of household residents and communities cannot be overemphasized. The study examined the knowledge, attitude and practice influencing the occurrence of malaria in households of Peri-Urban Communities in Abuja. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research that is guided by the Health Belief Model using quantitative methods of data collection. The study employed a multi-staged sampling technique to select 414 households in Abaji and Kuje peri-urban communities in Abuja. However, 385 household residents of peri-urban communities participated in the study. Research questions and hypotheses were formulated and were tested using the SPSS version 27 to compute descriptive and inferential statistics which were tested at a 5% level of confidence. Majority of respondents 47.5% are above the age of 36years with the mean age ...

Abattoir wastewater may be defined as water that has been used in the cleaning up of slaughtered ... more Abattoir wastewater may be defined as water that has been used in the cleaning up of slaughtered cattle, sheep, goat and pig carcasses, the floor of slaughter hall, personnel and slaughter equipment. Abattoir wastewater is characterized by presence of high concentration of whole blood of the slaughtered food animals and suspended particles of semi-digested and undigested feeds within the stomach and intestine of slaughtered and dressed food animals. Since slaughtering and dressing of food animals take place in an abattoir, it becomes easier to refer to the wastewater from this industrial system as “abattoir wastewater”. This study determined the physico-chemical and patho-bacteriological qualities of abattoir wastewater from Bodija Municipal Abattoir in Ibadan city, South Western Nigeria.

EcoHealth, 2021

To evaluate the risk to public health from Flaviviruses in the southwest region of the Kingdom of... more To evaluate the risk to public health from Flaviviruses in the southwest region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, we screened as sentinels, 50 commensal hamadryas baboons located at a peri-domestic site on the outskirts of Ta’if City in February 2013. Of the baboons, 12% [95% CI 5, 24], 0% [95% CI 0, 7] and 10% [95% CI 3, 22] were seropositive in a pan-Flavivirus ELISA (anti-pan-WNV 1–2, Usutu, Zika), Dengue virus 1–4 ELISA (anti-DENV 1–4) and WNV-1 PRNT, respectively, indicating Flavirus exposures of the subjects with possible risk to public health in the area.

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 2019

One Health & Implementation Research, Dec 13, 2023

Background: Rabies, a deadly viral human-animal disease, remains endemic in Nigeria. Identifying ... more Background: Rabies, a deadly viral human-animal disease, remains endemic in Nigeria. Identifying gaps in rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices among dog owners in communities within Southwestern Nigeria remains a public health goal. This cross-sectional study investigated the knowledge of and attitudes to rabies exposure, prophylaxis and associated factors, and practices during rabies exposure and prophylaxis among dog owners in Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: Using multistage sampling technique, 500 dog owners were randomly selected and interviewed with a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data collected on their socio-demographics, knowledge of and attitudes to Results: The majority of the respondents were female (53.0%; 265 respondents of 500 respondents), 32 years old (54.6%; 273 of 500), and had primary and secondary education (53.2%; 266 of 500 respondents). The majority (60.0%; 300 of 500 respondents) allowed their dogs to roam the streets, but only 120 (24.0%) had vaccinated their dogs up to date. Of the 500 respondents, 145 (29%) had experienced dog bites, but few (4.1%; 6 of 145) received rabies vaccine, and even fewer (2.8%; 4 of 145) completed the regimen. Proportions of respondents with knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with higher rabies risks were 37.8%, 59.4%, and 97.6%, respectively. Age (P = 0.01), education (P = 0.04), short-term dog ownership (P = 0.01), and occupation (P = 0.01) were factors associated with their practices in relation to higher rabies risks. Conclusion: The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dog owners towards rabies exposure portends a high risk. Public health interventions to achieve behavioural change, and the enforcement of dog vaccination and leash laws are highly recommended.

PubMed, Dec 1, 2014

Objective: The post-civil war records of dog bite injuries (DBI) and rabies-like-illness (RLI) am... more Objective: The post-civil war records of dog bite injuries (DBI) and rabies-like-illness (RLI) among humans in Liberia is a vital epidemiological resource for developing a predictive model to guide the allocation of resources towards human rabies control. Whereas DBI and RLI are high, they are largely under-reported. The objective of this study was to develop a time model of the case-pattern and apply it to derive predictors of time-trend point distribution of DBI-RLI cases. Methods: A retrospective 6 years data of DBI distribution among humans countrywide were converted to quarterly series using a transformation technique of Minimizing Squared First Difference statistic. The generated dataset was used to train a time-trend model of the DBI-RLI syndrome in Liberia. An additive detenninistic time-trend model was selected due to its performance compared to multiplication model of trend and seasonal movement. Parameter predictors were run on least square method to predict DBI cases for a prospective 4 years period, covering 2014-2017. Results: The two-stage predictive model of DBI case-pattern between 2014 and 2017 was characterised by a uniform upward trend within Liberia's coastal and hinterland Counties over the forecast period. Conclusion: This paper describes a translational application of the time-trend distribution pattern of DBI epidemics, 2008-2013 reported in Liberia, on which a predictive model was developed. A computationally feasible two-stage time-trend permutation approach is proposed to estimate the time-trend parameters and conduct predictive inference on DBI-RLI in Liberia.

PubMed, Dec 1, 2014

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health. problem in Liberia and it is among the fi... more Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health. problem in Liberia and it is among the first five most important infectious diseases. Fourteen years of civil war in Liberia caused a large internal displacement and external migration of its citizens to neighbouring countries such as Guinea, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone, Ghana and Nigeria. Current spatio-temporal pattern of TB cases in Liberia is essential for identifying risk factors among humans for optimal resource allocation. Methods: Surveillance data from January, 2008 to December, 2012 were retrieved from two national TB referral hospitals in the country: TB Annex Hospital (TBAH) (Montserrado County) and Ganta TB and Leprosy Rehabilitation Hospital (GTBLRH) (Nimba County). Geographic coordinates of TB patient's locations were captured based on records in the hospital case-files using Global Positioning System (GPS). The coordinates were mapped using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. Data on age, gender, date of illness, dry and wet season frequency were used to compute a descriptive and categorical analysis. Kulldorff's spatio-temporal scan statistic was used to identify clusters of TB in the two Counties. Results: A total of 2,890 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported during the study period. There were 1,365 (47.23%) and 1,525 (52.77%) cases from TBAH and GTBLRH respectively. The mean age of patient was 45.19 years ± 19.49 (SD). Of this, 1,450 (50.17%) were male. There was significant association between year of TB occurrence and treatment outcome (χ2 = 14.38; p = 0.006). Conclusion: The paper presents TB spatial pattern, summarizing 5-year records of post-conflict surveillance of the disease in Liberia.

Conference proceedings, 2018

Introduction : highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus H5N1 kills up to 90 - 100% of domes... more Introduction : highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus H5N1 kills up to 90 - 100% of domestic fowl flock during outbreaks globally. This study, conducted from January 8, 2015 to August 6, 2015, aimed to assess the space-time distribution pattern of the re-emergence of HPAI H5N1 in Nigeria. Methods : secondary analysis was done on confirmed cases of HPAI data abstracted from records of the Federal Department of Veterinary and Pest Control Service, Abuja. We sorted cases into confirmed and suspected HPAI. Geographic coordinates of affected farms was obtained using Google Earth Pros. We conducted analysis of the data with Kulldorff’s two-dimensional spatial scan statistics based on the use of circular window to identify whether the HPAI cases were randomly distributed over space or not. Spatial scan was used to detect clusters in space (assuming a Bernoulli distribution). Primary and secondary clusters were determined using likelihood-ratio test statistics. Time and space-time permutation was developed for prediction of possible outbreak. Chi-square was calculated at significant level set at 5%. Results : the virus affected 20 states (55.6%) in Nigeria. HPAI H5N1 epidemics occurred in all the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. Primary cluster and two secondary clusters of purely spatial scan statistics were all significant at p ≤ 0.05, and revealed that 95.1% of H5N1-infected farms were located within a 0.091km radius (Log likelihood ratio = 25.68). The centre coordinates for the clusters were found to be areas of high human density and considerable swine production. The Space-time permutation model identified a significant prospective outbreaks within 3.5 years interval in Plateau State (χ2 = 58.08, P Conclusion : this finding portends significant potential for co-infection and re-assortment of the virus with the human and swine strains. We recommend the need for enhanced surveillance in both poultry and swine populations in Nigeria.

Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate immunogenicity of five commonly used vaccines for prevention... more This study was conducted to evaluate immunogenicity of five commonly used vaccines for prevention of Newcastle disease (ND) in Ibadan, the capital city of Oyo State Nigeria. Two hundred and twenty (220) blood samples were collected from apparently healthy vaccinated chickenin 8 poultry farms in suburbs of the city. An average of 27 samples was collected from each farm.Blood samples were collected from a total of 72 breeders 88 layers and 60 pullets. Sera were testedusing heamagglutination inhibition (HI) techniquet to determineantibody levels against ND after vaccination with a commercial ND vaccine. Geometric mean titre (GMT) of antibodies against ND were calculated among flocks. The resultsindicated significant (p<0.05) difference between the vaccines used. Highest level of immunity was confered by an imported LaSota vaccine (VAC 2),while lowest immunity was confered by another imported LaSota vaccine (VAC 1).The present findings indicate that some imported ND vaccines may effectively serve as alternative to the locally produced vaccines. Routine sero-monitoring ofpoultry response to ND vaccinesis advocated to enable farmers monitor immune profile of their flocks may contribute to more effective and efficient control of ND and ensure economic performance of farms. This facility could be part of the services in State Veterinary Laboratories in Nigeria.

Journal of Infection and Public Health, 2018

Background: In mammals and across rat species, the variation in conformation is markedly observed... more Background: In mammals and across rat species, the variation in conformation is markedly observed in the head and the variation in the shape of the head is mostly determined by the shape of the skull. Hence comparative topographic analysis and morphometry is a veritable tool in precise categorization of peri-domestic rats and species identification. Methods: Killed rodents around residential dwellings of students on campus were collected and measurements taken of external morphology. Thirty-one external head and corporal parameters; and 40 cranial measurements respectively were obtained. Topographic features and specific anatomical landmarks measured were matched using congruent anatomical landmarks and compared to referenced standard measurements. Results: External morphometry suggests that all retrieved samples were more closely related to the species Rattus rattus. However, craniodental analysis of captured rats reveals variations from the mean of typical R. rattus. In comparison with Mastomys natalensis, the mean averages of the rat species were perceptibly different for only two of the parameters viz palatine fissure length (PL) (p = 0.039) and distance between interparietal bone (DP) (p = 0.06). In contrast, the mean of whole length of skull (WL), length of diastema (PI), length of nasal bone (NL), length of frontal bone (LF) and occipital width (OH) were significantly different from that of R. rattus with p values of 0.047, 0.036, 0.048, 0.032 and 0.034 respectively. Conclusion: This study focuses on peridomestic rat's identification within the University campus based on morphometry, providing unique landmarks for differentiation between Mastomys, Mus, Rattus and other rat species with emphasis on the need for more comprehensive investigation, categorization and morphometric profiling of rat population in Nigeria. Metric data generated for rat profiling in Nigeria is pivotal for a more comprehensive strategy for prevention of Lassa fever.

African Journal of Livestock Extension, 2008

African swine fever (ASF) is a widely discussed disease in Ibadan, Nigeria, where high mortality ... more African swine fever (ASF) is a widely discussed disease in Ibadan, Nigeria, where high mortality losses occurred in outbreaks in the city between 2001-2006. To study the level to which ASF containment technologies were adopted and factors associated with adoption behavior, a sample of 60 pig farmers was selected from six local government areas in and near Ibadan. Essential data were collected using a questionnaire. Assessment criteria in forms of frequency, percentage, mean and product moment correlation coefficient were calculated. Results showed that the majority of pig farmers did not adopt ASF biocontainment technologies, since 86.7% (52/60) were at a low level of adoption behavior, 10% (6/60) at a medium level, and 3.3% (2/60) at a high level. A farmer’s income from piggery, knowledge of biocontainment technologies, and frequency of extension contact had positive and highly significant relationships (r ≥ 0.787) on levels of adoption. Specific needs and emergingopportunities for...

International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology, 2021

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a major global health concern, responsible for estimated ... more Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a major global health concern, responsible for estimated 500,000 to 1.2 million human deaths each year. The clinical manifestations of HBV-related deaths that usually arise after chronic-hepatitis include liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The transfusion of blood is a critical risk point for inadvertent transmission of Hepatitis B virus at emergency healthcare points. This poses a significant public health challenge especially in developing countries. The impact of this challenge in Ikenne Local Government area is yet to be estimated. This study was designed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of blood donors in the four major towns in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. A questionnaire survey enlisted 143 blood donors at selected blood banks in Ikenne, Ilishan, Iperu and Irolu towns in Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State, from February 4th to March 24th, 2021. Data collected were summarized using de...

African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research, 2021

Malaria is unique among diseases because its roots lie so deep within human communities. Malaria ... more Malaria is unique among diseases because its roots lie so deep within human communities. Malaria is a threat to more than 40% of the world's population. The role of household residents and communities cannot be overemphasized. The study examined the knowledge, attitude and practice influencing the occurrence of malaria in households of Peri-Urban Communities in Abuja. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research that is guided by the Health Belief Model using quantitative methods of data collection. The study employed a multi-staged sampling technique to select 414 households in Abaji and Kuje peri-urban communities in Abuja. However, 385 household residents of peri-urban communities participated in the study. Research questions and hypotheses were formulated and were tested using the SPSS version 27 to compute descriptive and inferential statistics which were tested at a 5% level of confidence. Majority of respondents 47.5% are above the age of 36years with the mean age ...

Abattoir wastewater may be defined as water that has been used in the cleaning up of slaughtered ... more Abattoir wastewater may be defined as water that has been used in the cleaning up of slaughtered cattle, sheep, goat and pig carcasses, the floor of slaughter hall, personnel and slaughter equipment. Abattoir wastewater is characterized by presence of high concentration of whole blood of the slaughtered food animals and suspended particles of semi-digested and undigested feeds within the stomach and intestine of slaughtered and dressed food animals. Since slaughtering and dressing of food animals take place in an abattoir, it becomes easier to refer to the wastewater from this industrial system as “abattoir wastewater”. This study determined the physico-chemical and patho-bacteriological qualities of abattoir wastewater from Bodija Municipal Abattoir in Ibadan city, South Western Nigeria.

EcoHealth, 2021

To evaluate the risk to public health from Flaviviruses in the southwest region of the Kingdom of... more To evaluate the risk to public health from Flaviviruses in the southwest region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, we screened as sentinels, 50 commensal hamadryas baboons located at a peri-domestic site on the outskirts of Ta’if City in February 2013. Of the baboons, 12% [95% CI 5, 24], 0% [95% CI 0, 7] and 10% [95% CI 3, 22] were seropositive in a pan-Flavivirus ELISA (anti-pan-WNV 1–2, Usutu, Zika), Dengue virus 1–4 ELISA (anti-DENV 1–4) and WNV-1 PRNT, respectively, indicating Flavirus exposures of the subjects with possible risk to public health in the area.

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 2019