faizan Babar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Uploads
Papers by faizan Babar
Case Reports in Oncological Medicine, 2018
Background. Denosumab has become the preferred agent over zolendronic acid to help prevent skelet... more Background. Denosumab has become the preferred agent over zolendronic acid to help prevent skeletal-related events in patients with metastatic bone disease and multiple myeloma because it is approved for use in those with kidney dysfunction. However, denosumab has been linked to cases of hypocalcemia, particularly in those with advanced kidney disease.Case Presentation. We present the case of a patient with metastatic prostate cancer and chronic kidney disease due to obstructive nephropathy who developed severe hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia after denosumab injection, which required intensive care unit admission, aggressive calcium supplementation, and hemodialysis assistance. We reviewed the evidence behind the safety profile of denosumab in chronic kidney disease, and we also looked at additional factors that may precipitate severe hypocalcemia with denosumab in advanced kidney disease.Conclusion. We believe that denosumab should be avoided in advanced chronic kidney disease due ...
Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives, 2017
Early stage acute kidney injury (AKI) is an independent risk factor for an increase in mortality.... more Early stage acute kidney injury (AKI) is an independent risk factor for an increase in mortality. Accurate assessment of volume status is a major challenge during the early stages of acute renal injury. Determining volume status based on the history and physical exam lacks accuracy. Urine sodium and free excretion of sodium (FENa) provide objective evidence of intravascular volume status when interpreted carefully and is helpful to delineate prerenal from intrinsic renal failure. In recent years point of care ultrasound has been used to assess volume status. Our team conducted a retrospective chart review to assess the association of inferior vena cava collapsibility by point of care ultrasound (POCUS) and urine electrolytes (urine sodium, fractional excretion of sodium) during early stage AKI (Stage 1-2 of KDIGO guidelines). We reviewed 150 cases based on the provisional diagnosis. 36 patients met the criteria for further review. Using bivariate analysis, we found a strong associat...
Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America, Nov 1, 2018
Thrombotic microangiopathies are heterogeneous disorders characterized by microangiopathic hemoly... more Thrombotic microangiopathies are heterogeneous disorders characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with thrombocytopenia and renal injury. There are a variety of causes, including metabolic disorders, infections, medications, complement disorders, pregnancy, malignancy, and autoimmune disorders. This review focuses on renal thrombotic microangiopathy in the setting of rheumatologic diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most common autoimmune disease associated with thrombotic microangiopathy. Other etiologies include scleroderma renal crisis and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, which can be primary or secondary to autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus. There have also been case reports of thrombotic microangiopathy in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis and dermatomyositis.
Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2016
Hydralazine has been used since the 1950s for the management of hypertension. Evidence for hydral... more Hydralazine has been used since the 1950s for the management of hypertension. Evidence for hydralazineassociated vasculitis dates to pre-ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) era. This abstract describes two cases of ANCA-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (GN) in challenging scenarios where diagnosis was misconstrued. A comprehensive literature review was done to understand the pathogenesis of druginduced pauci-immune GN. We have described key diagnostic features that are helpful in distinguishing idiopathic ANCA vasculitis from drug-induced vasculitis. Additionally, we have also described different treatments meant to provide therapy options with the least side effects.
Materials Research Express, 2019
The electronic, mechanical and optical properties of PbZrO3 and PbHfO3 have been studied by densi... more The electronic, mechanical and optical properties of PbZrO3 and PbHfO3 have been studied by density functional theory (DFT) based modified Becke and Johnson (mBJ) potential as implemented in Wien2k code. The structural and mechanical stabilities of studied perovskites in cubic phase are confirmed by tolerance factor (0.97 for PZO and 1.0 for PHO), enthalpy of formation, specific heat capacity and positive values of elastic constants (Born mechanical stability condition). The lattice constant and bulk modulus of the studied compounds are inversely related. The band gap of PHO lies in the visible region while band gap of PZO lies in the ultraviolet region. The ductile nature has been assured by the Pugh's (B/G > 1.75) and Poisson (υ > 0.26) ratios. The optical behavior of the studied compounds has been explored in terms of dispersion, polarization, absorption, reflection, conduction and optical energy loss. The maximum absorption of light in the visible to near ultraviolet region, minimum reflection and optical loss that makes the studied materials most suitable for solar cell and optoelectronic devices.
Teaching Documents by faizan Babar
Climate Change. Evidence and Causes, 2023
Climate change is one of the defining issues of our times. It is now more certain than ever, base... more Climate change is one of the defining issues of our times. It is now more certain than ever, based on many lines of evidence, that humans are changing Earth's climate. The atmosphere and oceans have warmed, which has been accompanied by sea level rise, a strong decline in Arctic sea ice, and other climate-related changes. The impacts of climate change on people and nature are increasingly apparent. Unprecedented flooding, heat waves, and wildfires have cost billions in damages. Habitats are undergoing rapid shifts in response to changing temperatures and precipitation patterns. The Royal Society and the US National Academy of Sciences, with their similar missions to promote the use of science to benefit society and to inform critical policy debates, produced the original Climate Change: Evidence and Causes in 2014. It was written and reviewed by a UK-US team of leading climate scientists. This new edition, prepared by the same author team, has been updated with the most recent climate data and scientific analyses, all of which reinforce our understanding of human-caused climate change. The evidence is clear. However, due to the nature of science, not every detail is ever totally settled or certain. Nor has every pertinent question yet been answered. Scientific evidence continues to be gathered around the world. Some things have become clearer and new insights have emerged. For example, the period of slower warming during the 2000s and early 2010s has ended with a dramatic jump to warmer temperatures between 2014 and 2015. Antarctic sea ice extent, which had been increasing, began to decline in 2014, reaching a record low in 2017 that has persisted. These and other recent observations have been woven into the discussions of the questions addressed in this booklet. Calls for action are getting louder. The 2020 Global Risks Perception Survey from the World Economic Forum ranked climate change and related environmental issues as the top five global risks likely to occur within the next ten years. Yet, the international community still has far to go in showing increased ambition on mitigation, adaptation, and other ways to tackle climate change. Scientific information is a vital component for society to make informed decisions about how to reduce the magnitude of climate change and how to adapt to its impacts. This booklet serves as a key reference document for decision makers, policy makers, educators, and others seeking authoritative answers about the current state of climate-change science. We are grateful that six years ago, under the leadership of Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone, former President of the National Academy of Sciences, and Sir Paul Nurse, former President of the Royal Society, these two organizations partnered to produce a highlevel overview of climate change science. As current Presidents of these organizations, we are pleased to offer an update to this key reference, supported by the generosity of the Cicerone family.
Case Reports in Oncological Medicine, 2018
Background. Denosumab has become the preferred agent over zolendronic acid to help prevent skelet... more Background. Denosumab has become the preferred agent over zolendronic acid to help prevent skeletal-related events in patients with metastatic bone disease and multiple myeloma because it is approved for use in those with kidney dysfunction. However, denosumab has been linked to cases of hypocalcemia, particularly in those with advanced kidney disease.Case Presentation. We present the case of a patient with metastatic prostate cancer and chronic kidney disease due to obstructive nephropathy who developed severe hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia after denosumab injection, which required intensive care unit admission, aggressive calcium supplementation, and hemodialysis assistance. We reviewed the evidence behind the safety profile of denosumab in chronic kidney disease, and we also looked at additional factors that may precipitate severe hypocalcemia with denosumab in advanced kidney disease.Conclusion. We believe that denosumab should be avoided in advanced chronic kidney disease due ...
Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives, 2017
Early stage acute kidney injury (AKI) is an independent risk factor for an increase in mortality.... more Early stage acute kidney injury (AKI) is an independent risk factor for an increase in mortality. Accurate assessment of volume status is a major challenge during the early stages of acute renal injury. Determining volume status based on the history and physical exam lacks accuracy. Urine sodium and free excretion of sodium (FENa) provide objective evidence of intravascular volume status when interpreted carefully and is helpful to delineate prerenal from intrinsic renal failure. In recent years point of care ultrasound has been used to assess volume status. Our team conducted a retrospective chart review to assess the association of inferior vena cava collapsibility by point of care ultrasound (POCUS) and urine electrolytes (urine sodium, fractional excretion of sodium) during early stage AKI (Stage 1-2 of KDIGO guidelines). We reviewed 150 cases based on the provisional diagnosis. 36 patients met the criteria for further review. Using bivariate analysis, we found a strong associat...
Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America, Nov 1, 2018
Thrombotic microangiopathies are heterogeneous disorders characterized by microangiopathic hemoly... more Thrombotic microangiopathies are heterogeneous disorders characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with thrombocytopenia and renal injury. There are a variety of causes, including metabolic disorders, infections, medications, complement disorders, pregnancy, malignancy, and autoimmune disorders. This review focuses on renal thrombotic microangiopathy in the setting of rheumatologic diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most common autoimmune disease associated with thrombotic microangiopathy. Other etiologies include scleroderma renal crisis and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, which can be primary or secondary to autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus. There have also been case reports of thrombotic microangiopathy in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis and dermatomyositis.
Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2016
Hydralazine has been used since the 1950s for the management of hypertension. Evidence for hydral... more Hydralazine has been used since the 1950s for the management of hypertension. Evidence for hydralazineassociated vasculitis dates to pre-ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) era. This abstract describes two cases of ANCA-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (GN) in challenging scenarios where diagnosis was misconstrued. A comprehensive literature review was done to understand the pathogenesis of druginduced pauci-immune GN. We have described key diagnostic features that are helpful in distinguishing idiopathic ANCA vasculitis from drug-induced vasculitis. Additionally, we have also described different treatments meant to provide therapy options with the least side effects.
Materials Research Express, 2019
The electronic, mechanical and optical properties of PbZrO3 and PbHfO3 have been studied by densi... more The electronic, mechanical and optical properties of PbZrO3 and PbHfO3 have been studied by density functional theory (DFT) based modified Becke and Johnson (mBJ) potential as implemented in Wien2k code. The structural and mechanical stabilities of studied perovskites in cubic phase are confirmed by tolerance factor (0.97 for PZO and 1.0 for PHO), enthalpy of formation, specific heat capacity and positive values of elastic constants (Born mechanical stability condition). The lattice constant and bulk modulus of the studied compounds are inversely related. The band gap of PHO lies in the visible region while band gap of PZO lies in the ultraviolet region. The ductile nature has been assured by the Pugh's (B/G > 1.75) and Poisson (υ > 0.26) ratios. The optical behavior of the studied compounds has been explored in terms of dispersion, polarization, absorption, reflection, conduction and optical energy loss. The maximum absorption of light in the visible to near ultraviolet region, minimum reflection and optical loss that makes the studied materials most suitable for solar cell and optoelectronic devices.
Climate Change. Evidence and Causes, 2023
Climate change is one of the defining issues of our times. It is now more certain than ever, base... more Climate change is one of the defining issues of our times. It is now more certain than ever, based on many lines of evidence, that humans are changing Earth's climate. The atmosphere and oceans have warmed, which has been accompanied by sea level rise, a strong decline in Arctic sea ice, and other climate-related changes. The impacts of climate change on people and nature are increasingly apparent. Unprecedented flooding, heat waves, and wildfires have cost billions in damages. Habitats are undergoing rapid shifts in response to changing temperatures and precipitation patterns. The Royal Society and the US National Academy of Sciences, with their similar missions to promote the use of science to benefit society and to inform critical policy debates, produced the original Climate Change: Evidence and Causes in 2014. It was written and reviewed by a UK-US team of leading climate scientists. This new edition, prepared by the same author team, has been updated with the most recent climate data and scientific analyses, all of which reinforce our understanding of human-caused climate change. The evidence is clear. However, due to the nature of science, not every detail is ever totally settled or certain. Nor has every pertinent question yet been answered. Scientific evidence continues to be gathered around the world. Some things have become clearer and new insights have emerged. For example, the period of slower warming during the 2000s and early 2010s has ended with a dramatic jump to warmer temperatures between 2014 and 2015. Antarctic sea ice extent, which had been increasing, began to decline in 2014, reaching a record low in 2017 that has persisted. These and other recent observations have been woven into the discussions of the questions addressed in this booklet. Calls for action are getting louder. The 2020 Global Risks Perception Survey from the World Economic Forum ranked climate change and related environmental issues as the top five global risks likely to occur within the next ten years. Yet, the international community still has far to go in showing increased ambition on mitigation, adaptation, and other ways to tackle climate change. Scientific information is a vital component for society to make informed decisions about how to reduce the magnitude of climate change and how to adapt to its impacts. This booklet serves as a key reference document for decision makers, policy makers, educators, and others seeking authoritative answers about the current state of climate-change science. We are grateful that six years ago, under the leadership of Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone, former President of the National Academy of Sciences, and Sir Paul Nurse, former President of the Royal Society, these two organizations partnered to produce a highlevel overview of climate change science. As current Presidents of these organizations, we are pleased to offer an update to this key reference, supported by the generosity of the Cicerone family.