Badamtsetseg Bazarragchaa - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Badamtsetseg Bazarragchaa
Phytochemistry, Apr 1, 2024
Korean journal of agricultural science, Jun 1, 2023
PloS one, Mar 21, 2024
Stellera chamaejasme L. (SCL) is a perennial herb with demonstrated bioactivities against inflamm... more Stellera chamaejasme L. (SCL) is a perennial herb with demonstrated bioactivities against inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Adipocyte differentiation is a critical regulator of metabolic homeostasis and a promising target for the treatment of metabolic diseases, so we examined the effects of SCL on adipogenesis. A methanol extract of SCL dose-dependently suppressed intracellular lipid accumulation in adipocyte precursors cultured under differentiation induction conditions and reduced expression of the adipogenic transcription factors PPARγ and C/EBPα as well as the downstream lipogenic genes fatty acid binding protein 4, adiponectin, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase. The extract also promoted precursor cell proliferation and altered expression of the cell cycle regulators cyclin-dependent kinase 4, cyclin E, and cyclin D1. In addition, SCL extract stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, while pharmacological inhibition of ERK effectively blocked the inhibitory effects of SCL extract on preadipocyte differentiation. These results suggest that SCL extract contains bioactive compounds that can suppress adipogenesis through modulation of the ERK pathway.
Singmulbullyuhakoeji, Jun 30, 2019
We report Scutellaria krasevii Kom. & I. Schischk. ex Juz. (subfamily Scutellarioideae, family La... more We report Scutellaria krasevii Kom. & I. Schischk. ex Juz. (subfamily Scutellarioideae, family Lamiaceae) as a new recorded species of Mongolia. This species is morphologically similar to S. galericulata but can be differentiated by the presence of comparatively thick and triangular-cordate leaves having a heteromerously deep-crenate margin, a densely reclinate pubescent stem, and a densely pubescent corolla. A taxonomic description, a key to the genus in Mongolia, habit photographs, and scanning electron photomicrographs of nutlets are provided for species identification. We also present a table for a comparison of the diagnostic characteristics with those of related species. This species grows along the banks of the Unit river, Khutag-Undur soum, Bulgan province, Mongolia, approximately 2,300 km far away from the type locality in Russia.
Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy, Dec 27, 2022
The Bogdkhan mountain of Mongolia is strictly protected and possesses a unique ecosystem, because... more The Bogdkhan mountain of Mongolia is strictly protected and possesses a unique ecosystem, because of its location in the transitional zone of Siberian taiga and the Asian steppe. Floristic composition and the biological spectrum of the Bogdkhan Mountain were studied during July 2019 to September 2020. A total of 522 vascular plants were recorded belonging to 249 genera and 63 families. Asteraceae was found to be the most dominant family (13.22%; 33 genera and 69 taxa) followed by Poaceae (8.43%; 21 genera and 44). The classified life-form spectra of all the species recorded from the study area revealed the predominance of hemicryptophytes (63.03%) followed by geophytes (11.30%), therophytes (10.34%), phanerophytes (9.58%), chamaephytes (5.36%), and hydrophytes (0.38%). The notable changes found in the biological spectrum, which are chamaephytes from 12 to 5.36%, geophytes from 8 to 11.30% and therophytes from 8 to 10.34%. Variaty of reasons might cause change the life form, such as climate change, anthropogenic impacts, etc. Hemicryptophytes and chamaephytes dominate the flora of the mountain due to the cold mountain niche. The floristic diversity of this mountain tends to decline further videnced from the observed lesser divergence values of geophytes and therophytes.
PhytoKeys, Apr 1, 2021
The genus Limonium, commonly known as Sea Lavenders, is one of the most species-rich genera of th... more The genus Limonium, commonly known as Sea Lavenders, is one of the most species-rich genera of the family Plumbaginaceae. In this study, two new plastomes for the genus Limonium, viz. L. tetragonum and L. bicolor, were sequenced and compared to available Limonium plastomes, viz. L. aureum and L. tenellum, to understand the gene content and structural variations within the family. The loss of the rpl16 intron and pseudogenisation of rpl23 was observed. This study reports, for the first time, expansion of the IRs to include the ycf1 gene in Limonium plastomes, incongruent with previous studies. Two positively selected genes, viz. ndhF and ycf2, were identified. Furthermore, putative barcodes are proposed for the genus, based on the nucleotide diversity of four Limonium plastomes.
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, Jun 1, 2022
Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy, Jun 22, 2021
The Ulziit Mountain has a unique ecosystem which is one of northern branch mountains of Khangai m... more The Ulziit Mountain has a unique ecosystem which is one of northern branch mountains of Khangai mountain range in Mongolia. Several field survey were conducted in summer in all habitats in different altitudes. A total of 314 taxa were registered belonging to 161 genera from 52 families in Ulziit Mountain flora. The family Asteraceae was found to be the largest with 37 taxa, followed by Poaceae with 30 taxa, Ranunculaceae with 24 taxa, Cyperaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Rosaceae each with 17 taxa, Salicaceae with 16 taxa, and Fabaceae with 15 taxa; in total, these comprised 55.1% of all flora complements in this mountain. During the investigation, 5 species were newly recorded in the Khangai mountains forest-steppe region. The most represented life forms in the flora are hemicryptophytes (71.97%), which are common for mountain steppe vegetation. In a time of climate change, effective conservation of nature is needed at an ecosystem such as a single mountain particularly for endemic, relict and other salient species. Furthermore, such a detailed floristic survey is important for finding new records in the field of plant taxonomy and conservation of nature in these specific areas.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jul 1, 2021
Iris bungei Maxim. (IB), which is native to China and Mongolia, is used as a traditional medicine... more Iris bungei Maxim. (IB), which is native to China and Mongolia, is used as a traditional medicine for conditions such as inflammation, cancer, and bacterial infections. However, the effects of Iris bungei Maxim. on adipocyte differentiation have not been studied. In the present study, we first demonstrated the molecular mechanisms underlying the adipogenic activity of the methanol extract of Mongolian I. bungei Maxim. (IB). IB significantly enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, IB markedly stimulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, adiponectin, and aP2. In addition, we also observed that IB induces lipogenic genes such as fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Interestingly IB regulated adipocyte differentiation in both the early and middle stages. Taken together, these adipogenic and lipogenic effects of IB suggest its efficacy for the prevention and/or treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Турцзаниноwиа, Mar 1, 2016
Nutlet morphology in the family Lamiaceae was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) t... more Nutlet morphology in the family Lamiaceae was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify distinct characters for 20 species belonging to 12 genera in the subfamilies: Ajugoideae, Scutellarioideae, Nepetoideae and Lamioideae. Nutlet morphology in the family Lamiaceae showed considerable variation in size, color (light orange-yellow, light nut-brown, pale grey, black and all that), shape (subglobose, obovoid, subobovoid, elliptic), surface ornamentation (type I, type II), nutlet apex (rounded, triangle) and base (truncate, acute, rounded). The described types have been collected in the territory of Mongolia. In Lamiaceae two main types can be recognized based on surface ornamentation: sculptured-type I (including 8 species) and smooth-type II (including 12 species). Within these types subtypes were recognized. Type I: Sculptured nutlets are characterized by having oblong, coneshaped and ellipsoid tubercles occuring on all surfaces. The tubercles densely covered with longish mastoid white color in apex and covered by white hairs, with white mastoids under hairs. Five subtypes can be recognized based on the shape of the tubercles: colliculate-reticulate, wrinkled-colliculate-tuberculate, wrinkled-tuberculate, colliculatetuberculate, hairy. Type II: The smooth nutlets may be divided in 4 subtypes: irregularly reticulate, reticulate, undulate, wrinkled-colliculate.
Molecules, Dec 23, 2020
Allium species are well known plants distributed throughout the world, and they contain various b... more Allium species are well known plants distributed throughout the world, and they contain various bioactive components with different biological activities including anti-cancer effects. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of Allium senescens L. (A.S.) extract on cell survival and IL-2mediated inflammation in human T cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) Jurkat cells. Our results showed that A.S. extract induced caspase-dependent apoptosis of Jurkat cells with no significant cytotoxicity in the normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A.S. extract induced ROS generation through the activation of MAPK p38 phosphorylation. It also inhibited IL-2 mRNA expression and NF-κB signaling mediated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and phytohemagglutinin. Combined treatment with A.S. extract and axitinib/dovitinib exerted enhanced inhibitory effects on TALL cell growth and IL-2 production. These results provide novel information on the potential use of A.S. extract as a therapeutic herbal agent for the treatment and prevention of TALL .
Horticulturae
For a long time, species of the genus Salix have been widely utilized and studied as medicinal pl... more For a long time, species of the genus Salix have been widely utilized and studied as medicinal plants; however, the biological activity and phytochemical composition of Salix schwerinii (SS) and S. kochiana (SK) have not been studied at all. This study investigated the antioxidant properties of SS and SK extracts and detected phytochemical compounds in the extracts. The results showed that the antioxidant activities (IC50) of SS extract, SK extract, and ascorbic acid (reference) were as follows, respectively: 169.8, 79.8, and 71.2 μg mL−1 for ABTS cation radical scavenging and 38.4, 26.2, and 9.3 μg mL−1 for DPPH free radical scavenging. The results imply that SK has a high potential as a natural antioxidant. The phytochemical compositions of extracts (mg g−1) were analyzed as follows: SS extracts, 217.7 phenolics (1.54 catechin, 0.86 syringic acid, 0.46 luteolin, and others) and 5.06 salicin; SK extracts, 71.0 phenolics (0.54 catechin, 0.28 myricetin, 0.12 salicylic acid, and other...
Institute of Agricultural Science, 2019
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has the unique advantage of elucidating the structure and dynami... more Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has the unique advantage of elucidating the structure and dynamics of biomolecules in solution at physiological temperatures, where they are in constant movement on timescales from picoseconds to milliseconds. Such motions have been shown to be critical for enzyme catalysis, allosteric regulation, and molecular recognition. With NMR being particularly sensitive to these timescales, detailed information about the kinetics can be acquired. However, nearly all methods of NMR-based biomolecular structure determination neglect kinetics, which introduces a large approximation to the underlying physics, limiting both structural resolution and the ability to accurately determine molecular flexibility. Here we present the Kinetic Ensemble approach that uses a hierarchy of interconversion rates between a set of ensemble members to rigorously calculate Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) intensities. It can be used to simultaneously refine both temporal and structural coordinates. By generalizing ideas from the extended model free approach, the method can analyze the amplitudes and kinetics of motions anywhere along the backbone or side chains. Furthermore, analysis of a large set of crystal structures suggests that NOE data contains a surprising amount of high-resolution information that is better modeled using our approach. The Kinetic Ensemble approach provides the means to unify numerous types of experiments under a single quantitative framework and more fully characterize and exploit kinetically distinct protein states. While we apply the approach here to the protein ubiquitin and cross validate it with previously derived datasets, the approach can be applied to any protein for which NOE data is available.
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2021
Iris bungei Maxim. (IB), which is native to China and Mongolia, is used as a traditional medicine... more Iris bungei Maxim. (IB), which is native to China and Mongolia, is used as a traditional medicine for conditions such as inflammation, cancer, and bacterial infections. However, the effects of Iris bungei Maxim. on adipocyte differentiation have not been studied. In the present study, we first demonstrated the molecular mechanisms underlying the adipogenic activity of the methanol extract of Mongolian I. bungei Maxim. (IB). IB significantly enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, IB markedly stimulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, adiponectin, and aP2. In addition, we also observed that IB induces lipogenic genes such as fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Interestingly IB regulated adipocyte differentiation in both the early a...
Phytochemistry, Apr 1, 2024
Korean journal of agricultural science, Jun 1, 2023
PloS one, Mar 21, 2024
Stellera chamaejasme L. (SCL) is a perennial herb with demonstrated bioactivities against inflamm... more Stellera chamaejasme L. (SCL) is a perennial herb with demonstrated bioactivities against inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Adipocyte differentiation is a critical regulator of metabolic homeostasis and a promising target for the treatment of metabolic diseases, so we examined the effects of SCL on adipogenesis. A methanol extract of SCL dose-dependently suppressed intracellular lipid accumulation in adipocyte precursors cultured under differentiation induction conditions and reduced expression of the adipogenic transcription factors PPARγ and C/EBPα as well as the downstream lipogenic genes fatty acid binding protein 4, adiponectin, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase. The extract also promoted precursor cell proliferation and altered expression of the cell cycle regulators cyclin-dependent kinase 4, cyclin E, and cyclin D1. In addition, SCL extract stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, while pharmacological inhibition of ERK effectively blocked the inhibitory effects of SCL extract on preadipocyte differentiation. These results suggest that SCL extract contains bioactive compounds that can suppress adipogenesis through modulation of the ERK pathway.
Singmulbullyuhakoeji, Jun 30, 2019
We report Scutellaria krasevii Kom. & I. Schischk. ex Juz. (subfamily Scutellarioideae, family La... more We report Scutellaria krasevii Kom. & I. Schischk. ex Juz. (subfamily Scutellarioideae, family Lamiaceae) as a new recorded species of Mongolia. This species is morphologically similar to S. galericulata but can be differentiated by the presence of comparatively thick and triangular-cordate leaves having a heteromerously deep-crenate margin, a densely reclinate pubescent stem, and a densely pubescent corolla. A taxonomic description, a key to the genus in Mongolia, habit photographs, and scanning electron photomicrographs of nutlets are provided for species identification. We also present a table for a comparison of the diagnostic characteristics with those of related species. This species grows along the banks of the Unit river, Khutag-Undur soum, Bulgan province, Mongolia, approximately 2,300 km far away from the type locality in Russia.
Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy, Dec 27, 2022
The Bogdkhan mountain of Mongolia is strictly protected and possesses a unique ecosystem, because... more The Bogdkhan mountain of Mongolia is strictly protected and possesses a unique ecosystem, because of its location in the transitional zone of Siberian taiga and the Asian steppe. Floristic composition and the biological spectrum of the Bogdkhan Mountain were studied during July 2019 to September 2020. A total of 522 vascular plants were recorded belonging to 249 genera and 63 families. Asteraceae was found to be the most dominant family (13.22%; 33 genera and 69 taxa) followed by Poaceae (8.43%; 21 genera and 44). The classified life-form spectra of all the species recorded from the study area revealed the predominance of hemicryptophytes (63.03%) followed by geophytes (11.30%), therophytes (10.34%), phanerophytes (9.58%), chamaephytes (5.36%), and hydrophytes (0.38%). The notable changes found in the biological spectrum, which are chamaephytes from 12 to 5.36%, geophytes from 8 to 11.30% and therophytes from 8 to 10.34%. Variaty of reasons might cause change the life form, such as climate change, anthropogenic impacts, etc. Hemicryptophytes and chamaephytes dominate the flora of the mountain due to the cold mountain niche. The floristic diversity of this mountain tends to decline further videnced from the observed lesser divergence values of geophytes and therophytes.
PhytoKeys, Apr 1, 2021
The genus Limonium, commonly known as Sea Lavenders, is one of the most species-rich genera of th... more The genus Limonium, commonly known as Sea Lavenders, is one of the most species-rich genera of the family Plumbaginaceae. In this study, two new plastomes for the genus Limonium, viz. L. tetragonum and L. bicolor, were sequenced and compared to available Limonium plastomes, viz. L. aureum and L. tenellum, to understand the gene content and structural variations within the family. The loss of the rpl16 intron and pseudogenisation of rpl23 was observed. This study reports, for the first time, expansion of the IRs to include the ycf1 gene in Limonium plastomes, incongruent with previous studies. Two positively selected genes, viz. ndhF and ycf2, were identified. Furthermore, putative barcodes are proposed for the genus, based on the nucleotide diversity of four Limonium plastomes.
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, Jun 1, 2022
Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy, Jun 22, 2021
The Ulziit Mountain has a unique ecosystem which is one of northern branch mountains of Khangai m... more The Ulziit Mountain has a unique ecosystem which is one of northern branch mountains of Khangai mountain range in Mongolia. Several field survey were conducted in summer in all habitats in different altitudes. A total of 314 taxa were registered belonging to 161 genera from 52 families in Ulziit Mountain flora. The family Asteraceae was found to be the largest with 37 taxa, followed by Poaceae with 30 taxa, Ranunculaceae with 24 taxa, Cyperaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Rosaceae each with 17 taxa, Salicaceae with 16 taxa, and Fabaceae with 15 taxa; in total, these comprised 55.1% of all flora complements in this mountain. During the investigation, 5 species were newly recorded in the Khangai mountains forest-steppe region. The most represented life forms in the flora are hemicryptophytes (71.97%), which are common for mountain steppe vegetation. In a time of climate change, effective conservation of nature is needed at an ecosystem such as a single mountain particularly for endemic, relict and other salient species. Furthermore, such a detailed floristic survey is important for finding new records in the field of plant taxonomy and conservation of nature in these specific areas.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jul 1, 2021
Iris bungei Maxim. (IB), which is native to China and Mongolia, is used as a traditional medicine... more Iris bungei Maxim. (IB), which is native to China and Mongolia, is used as a traditional medicine for conditions such as inflammation, cancer, and bacterial infections. However, the effects of Iris bungei Maxim. on adipocyte differentiation have not been studied. In the present study, we first demonstrated the molecular mechanisms underlying the adipogenic activity of the methanol extract of Mongolian I. bungei Maxim. (IB). IB significantly enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, IB markedly stimulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, adiponectin, and aP2. In addition, we also observed that IB induces lipogenic genes such as fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Interestingly IB regulated adipocyte differentiation in both the early and middle stages. Taken together, these adipogenic and lipogenic effects of IB suggest its efficacy for the prevention and/or treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Турцзаниноwиа, Mar 1, 2016
Nutlet morphology in the family Lamiaceae was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) t... more Nutlet morphology in the family Lamiaceae was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify distinct characters for 20 species belonging to 12 genera in the subfamilies: Ajugoideae, Scutellarioideae, Nepetoideae and Lamioideae. Nutlet morphology in the family Lamiaceae showed considerable variation in size, color (light orange-yellow, light nut-brown, pale grey, black and all that), shape (subglobose, obovoid, subobovoid, elliptic), surface ornamentation (type I, type II), nutlet apex (rounded, triangle) and base (truncate, acute, rounded). The described types have been collected in the territory of Mongolia. In Lamiaceae two main types can be recognized based on surface ornamentation: sculptured-type I (including 8 species) and smooth-type II (including 12 species). Within these types subtypes were recognized. Type I: Sculptured nutlets are characterized by having oblong, coneshaped and ellipsoid tubercles occuring on all surfaces. The tubercles densely covered with longish mastoid white color in apex and covered by white hairs, with white mastoids under hairs. Five subtypes can be recognized based on the shape of the tubercles: colliculate-reticulate, wrinkled-colliculate-tuberculate, wrinkled-tuberculate, colliculatetuberculate, hairy. Type II: The smooth nutlets may be divided in 4 subtypes: irregularly reticulate, reticulate, undulate, wrinkled-colliculate.
Molecules, Dec 23, 2020
Allium species are well known plants distributed throughout the world, and they contain various b... more Allium species are well known plants distributed throughout the world, and they contain various bioactive components with different biological activities including anti-cancer effects. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of Allium senescens L. (A.S.) extract on cell survival and IL-2mediated inflammation in human T cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) Jurkat cells. Our results showed that A.S. extract induced caspase-dependent apoptosis of Jurkat cells with no significant cytotoxicity in the normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A.S. extract induced ROS generation through the activation of MAPK p38 phosphorylation. It also inhibited IL-2 mRNA expression and NF-κB signaling mediated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and phytohemagglutinin. Combined treatment with A.S. extract and axitinib/dovitinib exerted enhanced inhibitory effects on TALL cell growth and IL-2 production. These results provide novel information on the potential use of A.S. extract as a therapeutic herbal agent for the treatment and prevention of TALL .
Horticulturae
For a long time, species of the genus Salix have been widely utilized and studied as medicinal pl... more For a long time, species of the genus Salix have been widely utilized and studied as medicinal plants; however, the biological activity and phytochemical composition of Salix schwerinii (SS) and S. kochiana (SK) have not been studied at all. This study investigated the antioxidant properties of SS and SK extracts and detected phytochemical compounds in the extracts. The results showed that the antioxidant activities (IC50) of SS extract, SK extract, and ascorbic acid (reference) were as follows, respectively: 169.8, 79.8, and 71.2 μg mL−1 for ABTS cation radical scavenging and 38.4, 26.2, and 9.3 μg mL−1 for DPPH free radical scavenging. The results imply that SK has a high potential as a natural antioxidant. The phytochemical compositions of extracts (mg g−1) were analyzed as follows: SS extracts, 217.7 phenolics (1.54 catechin, 0.86 syringic acid, 0.46 luteolin, and others) and 5.06 salicin; SK extracts, 71.0 phenolics (0.54 catechin, 0.28 myricetin, 0.12 salicylic acid, and other...
Institute of Agricultural Science, 2019
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has the unique advantage of elucidating the structure and dynami... more Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has the unique advantage of elucidating the structure and dynamics of biomolecules in solution at physiological temperatures, where they are in constant movement on timescales from picoseconds to milliseconds. Such motions have been shown to be critical for enzyme catalysis, allosteric regulation, and molecular recognition. With NMR being particularly sensitive to these timescales, detailed information about the kinetics can be acquired. However, nearly all methods of NMR-based biomolecular structure determination neglect kinetics, which introduces a large approximation to the underlying physics, limiting both structural resolution and the ability to accurately determine molecular flexibility. Here we present the Kinetic Ensemble approach that uses a hierarchy of interconversion rates between a set of ensemble members to rigorously calculate Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) intensities. It can be used to simultaneously refine both temporal and structural coordinates. By generalizing ideas from the extended model free approach, the method can analyze the amplitudes and kinetics of motions anywhere along the backbone or side chains. Furthermore, analysis of a large set of crystal structures suggests that NOE data contains a surprising amount of high-resolution information that is better modeled using our approach. The Kinetic Ensemble approach provides the means to unify numerous types of experiments under a single quantitative framework and more fully characterize and exploit kinetically distinct protein states. While we apply the approach here to the protein ubiquitin and cross validate it with previously derived datasets, the approach can be applied to any protein for which NOE data is available.
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2021
Iris bungei Maxim. (IB), which is native to China and Mongolia, is used as a traditional medicine... more Iris bungei Maxim. (IB), which is native to China and Mongolia, is used as a traditional medicine for conditions such as inflammation, cancer, and bacterial infections. However, the effects of Iris bungei Maxim. on adipocyte differentiation have not been studied. In the present study, we first demonstrated the molecular mechanisms underlying the adipogenic activity of the methanol extract of Mongolian I. bungei Maxim. (IB). IB significantly enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, IB markedly stimulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, adiponectin, and aP2. In addition, we also observed that IB induces lipogenic genes such as fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Interestingly IB regulated adipocyte differentiation in both the early a...