Shaik Ameer Basha - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Shaik Ameer Basha

International Journal of Surgery: Global Health

On February 6, 2023, Türkiye was struck by a devastating earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8, a na... more On February 6, 2023, Türkiye was struck by a devastating earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8, a natural disaster of enor- mous destruction. As a result, many citizens succumbed to mor- tality, suffered immense physical and psychosocial harm, and the properties of the survivors suffered severe damage. Adolescents and the youth sector in particular are at an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders[1]. Hence, policymakers and stakeholders need to pay attention to this understudied sector to prevent and manage health care issues associated with the recent earthquakes. Because of their rapid appearance, ferocity, and devastation, earthquakes exert unequivocal stress events[2]. Previous studies have demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently linked to earthquakes, which have a significant psy- chological influence on individuals and hinder their early return to normal activities while prolonging unpleasant emotions[3]. Moreover, prior traumatic encounters and childhood abuse have a significant impact on the mental health of adolescent survivors[3]. Recalling fear, triggering memories, or experiencing panic and anxiety is one of the most notable effects of the pos- sibility and persistence of PTSD. These symptoms have a rapid impact on mental health and, according to studies and personal experience, are associated with the initiation and risk of devel- oping PTSD[3]. In addition, this disorder comprises mood dis- orders, such as dysthymia and anxiety, with the diagnosis being aOli Health Magazine Organization, Research, and Education, Kigali, Rwanda, bDeccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, cLebanese University Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon, dNamık Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey, eDepartment of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan, fFaculty of Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK, gClinton Global Initiative University, New York, NY and hFaculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. *Corresponding author. Address: Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda. E-mail address: abu07909@gmail.com (A. Nazir). Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. International Journal of Surgery: Global Health (2023) 6:e0160 Received 13 March 2023; Accepted 20 March 2023 Published online 2 June 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GH9.0000000000000160 connected to the existence of PTSD following the earthquake[3]. The majority of adolescent survivors’ experience intrusive flash- backs and posttrauma ruminations, also known as event-related ruminations, which result from the shaking of beliefs after excruciating occurrences[2]

Advanced Engineering Optimization Through Intelligent Techniques, 2019

While discussing the hip joint failure, material selection and apposite dimension of the femoral ... more While discussing the hip joint failure, material selection and apposite dimension of the femoral head are a great concern for the artificial hip replacement. In this context, an attempt was made to optimize both ball head and socket material from different combinations like femoral head (metal)acetabular liner (Polyethylene) and femoral head (ceramic)acetabular liner (ceramic) in consideration of a different set of femoral ball head size of 28mm, 30mm and 32mm. The material and femoral head size were optimized in the perspective of minimum stress that eventually enhances the prosthesis life and minimizes the wear of counter bodies. The hip joint prosthesis was designed in CATIA followed by Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed in ANSYS 17.2. Dynamic FEA was performed when the 100kg human in jogging. A theoretical optimization established the combination of ceramic-ceramic articulating body consist of 30.02mm ID acetabular liner-30mm OD femoral head made of zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) experience less stress and deformation that eventually exhibit very low wear rate per cycle of jogging. This design exhibits 0.629mm wear depth after 10years of activity; however, similar theoretical analysis can be done under different degree of dynamic motions. The proposed material and design combination has excellent potential for the artificial hip joint.

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 2019

In consideration of total hip replacement (THR) and theoretical life estimation, we extensively p... more In consideration of total hip replacement (THR) and theoretical life estimation, we extensively performed finite element analysis and predicted the wear behaviour of different head sizes of 28, 30 and 32 mm and two bearing systems namely ZTA head-ZTA liner and Ti6Al4V head-UHMWPE liner. Static but stance activity was encountered for the 100 kg subject, where the ZTA head-ZTA liner combination exhibit less von mises stress compared to Ti6Al4V head-UHMWPE liner bearing. Interestingly, 30 mm femoral head experiences more jump distance (JD) and more range of motion (ROM) in comparison of the 28 mm femoral head, and less deformation compares to 32 mm femoral head. The wear behaviour is estimated using Archard's law and predicted wear depth is around 600 µm for 15 years for 30 mm femoral head during articulating motion with identical tribocouple.

International Journal of Research, 2019

The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production, critical component. It connects... more The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production, critical component. It connects reciprocating piston to rotating crankshaft, transmitting the thrust(power) of the piston to the crankshaft. Every vehicle that uses an internal combustion engine requires at least one connecting rod depending upon the number of cylinders in the engine. Connecting rods for automotive applications are typically manufactured by forging from either wrought steel or powdered metal. They could also be cast. Here unwanted stresses found on crank and piston ends of connecting rod while transmitting power from piston to crankshaft. The main objective of this study was to explore weight and cost reduction opportunities for a production forged wrought steel and Composite HM Carbon/Epoxy connecting rods. This has entailed performing a detailed load analysis. The most important factors that are concentrated are stress distribution and deflections. Connecting rod is designed by Unigraphics software ...

International Journal of Modern Physics B, 2020

The research work has demonstrated the effect of hydrothermal ageing ([Formula: see text]C, 40 h,... more The research work has demonstrated the effect of hydrothermal ageing ([Formula: see text]C, 40 h, 1.034 bar) on friction and wear behavior of SrO-doped zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) composite. Surface topography and wear regime behavior are established in the perspective of ageing time, load, phase transformation and toughening phenomena. The estimated critical load is confirming the expedition of mild to severe wear in the presence of microcrack formation during adhesive and abrasive wear between SrO-doped ZTA (disc) and ZrO2 (ball) tribo couples, where adhesion between the SrO–ZTA disc and ZrO2 ball results in transfer of ZrO2 particles from ball to disc. Roughness parameters ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) are elucidated to understand the influence of load and ageing conditions, as well as the in vitro bioactivity of sintered specimens is assessed in simulative body fluid (SBF) solution.

International Journal of Research, 2019

A cylinder block is an integrated structure comprising the cylinder(s) of a reciprocating engine... more A cylinder block is an integrated structure comprising the cylinder(s) of a reciprocating engine and often some or all of their associated surrounding structures The various main parts of an engine (such as cylinder(s), cylinder head(s), coolant passages, intake and exhaust passages, and crankcase) are conceptually distinct, and these concepts can all be instantiated as discrete pieces that are bolted together. The purpose of the engine block is to support the components of the engine. Additionally, the engine block transfers heat from friction to the atmosphere and engine coolant. From carburetor or fuel injector (fuel and air mixture) is supplied to cylinders of the engine. The fuel and air mixture are injected at high pressure into cylinders of the engine. Due to this applied pressure on the cylinder, the cylinder undergoes some deformation and produce stresses in the cylinder. With respect to stresses, Weight is also important factor in automobile industries, due to heavy weigh...

International Journal of Research, 2018

The wings of a military aircraft are long, tight airfoils with a high angle proportion, a shape t... more The wings of a military aircraft are long, tight airfoils with a high angle proportion, a shape that limits haul from tip vortices . They by and large contain a level of washout that diminishes the lift created at the tips, where the wind stream is fastest and vortex generation. Wing blades are made out of different materials, including aluminum, composite structure, and steel or titanium, with scraped area shields along the main edge. he primary aircraft wing is for the most part influenced by the wind stream for development of wing blade and the impact of aerodynamic power and radiating power applying to blade has been completely considered.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 2016

Background: Studies have shown that conventional treatment for common neck pain may be inadequate... more Background: Studies have shown that conventional treatment for common neck pain may be inadequate. Yoga techniques also have been found to be better and beneficial complimentary therapy in cervical spondylosis and also reduce the stress levels. Objective: The aim of the study Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 100 among them 50 participants in the case group were a sked to attend 30 minutes yoga with medications for a period of 3 months. The cont rol group 50 subjects did not receive any yoga intervention only medications and were asked to complete questionnaires. Each group was evaluated Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measur Results: The present interventional study selected as cases those underwent yoga session with medicines. 50 controls with mean 41.84±11.129 were selected as control group underwent only medication. During the first visit, case group results showed mean VAS score 3.46 versus 3.86 with p group results showed mean VAS score 1.82 ver...

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2021

Abstract Bioceramic materials based biological implants have gained enormous attention in researc... more Abstract Bioceramic materials based biological implants have gained enormous attention in research due to their extensive medical application. However, release of wear debris from them limits their clinical relevance due to many health risks in the recipient. Thus, we decided to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of wear debris released from Strontium oxide doped Zirconia Toughened Alumina (SrO-ZTA) hip prosthesis developed in our laboratory. An extensive cytotoxicity analysis confirms that the cellular and nuclear morphology of C2C12 mouse myoblast cells are intact even after 72 h of SrO-ZTA wear debris exposure. Furthermore, treatment of wear debris in Drosophila model did not cause any damage to the larval gut epithelium and nuclei. Despite the reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase in third instar larvae after wear debris treatment at higher concentrations (50–100 μg/mL), the flies show appreciable weight gain, suggesting no harm to larva and flies. Interestingly, the eye, wing, and bristles of the hatched flies of all the experimental groups do not show any phenotypic defects. However, the number of pupae formed and flies hatched for SrO-ZTA wear debris treatment groups are almost similar to control groups expect higher treatment concentration (100 μg/mL). Lastly, the current study establishes the non-cytotoxic and non-genotoxic nature of SrO-ZTA wear debris in-vitro and in-vivo, suggesting promising medical relevance of SrO-ZTA composite.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 2021

An established commercial grade SrO doped ZTA composition has been considered to design, fabricat... more An established commercial grade SrO doped ZTA composition has been considered to design, fabrication through uniaxial pressing followed by sintering and polishing, validation of dimension, 3D surface profile, 3D microstructure, and compressive load bearing capacity of femoral headacetabular socket liner prototypes for the hip prosthesis. While design and dimensions are concerned, both the steel (HRC60) molds were designed and machined to achieve precious dimensions of femoral head (FH; OD-30 ± 0.01 mm) and acetabular socket liner (ASL; ID-30.15 ± 0.01 mm). A close variation in the range of ±0.01 mm was confirmed the precision geometry of polished FH and ASL with consideration of 22 points coordinate measuring method (CMM). 3D surface profile ensures the surface characteristics of R a = 0.2 ± 0.01 μm and R q = 0.5 ± 0.01 μm for outer surface of FH and an inner surface of ASL, respectively. Structure integrity and fabrication defects including cracks and pores free bulk structures were confirmed by Micro CT. The compressive load resistance known as burst strength for independent FH and FH-ASL assembly were measured 16.2 KN and 17.6 KN, respectively. The developed ceramic prototypes have an economic advantage and can be adopted as artificial hip prosthesis after extensive in-vitro and in-vivo analysis.

International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences, 2018

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability among elderly population. It is a ... more Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability among elderly population. It is a major cause of a burden on the health system and its incidence and prevalence continues to rise with a rapidly increasing aging population. Total hip replacement is considered one of the most important and successful intervention in the recent era. The study aims to determine the functional outcome and the complications associated with uncemented total hip replacement using modular prosthesis. In this study 32 cases with osteoarthritis of hip joint were treated by uncemented total hip replacement at Katuri medical college and hospital, China kondrupadu, Guntur between June 2015 to November 2016 were included. The functional outcome is assessed and compared with other studies. The aim of procedure is to assess the functional outcome of uncemented total hip replacement. Materials and Methods: Our study is prospective study of clinical and radiological analysis of uncemented total hip arthroplasties performed for various hip disorders. All patient data and clinical history were noted with reference to pain, range of motion, gait, activities or function (Harris Hip Score). Cementless acetabular components, cementless femoral components are used in this study. Results: All 32 patients in the present study returned for clinical and radiological examinations subsequently. Patients were reviewed after 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year post operatively. The age ranges from 32-60 years with mean age of 48.31 years. Most of the cases are between the age group of 51-60 years constituting 46.88% of study population. Of the 32 cases, male patients 22 constituting 68.75% and the rest 10 are female patients constituting 31.25% of the cases. Conclusions: Our study supports the usge uncemented THR in osteoarthritis in both young and elderly. The current trend, research and advent of new implants support uncemented THR in patients suffering from this crippling hip arthritis and avascular necrosis.

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2018

There is substantial evidence that human behavior is to a large extent driven by motives/rewards ... more There is substantial evidence that human behavior is to a large extent driven by motives/rewards and goals. In global era the men and women become beauty conscious and beauty become essential in our day to day life. All the marketers understood the attitudinal changes, lifestyles and changing environmental conditions taken into consideration to identify the solution for their problem to enhance the glamour. Today in India, numerous companies produced Cosmetics & Creams which suits to the personality of the consumer. Indians are witnessing a paradigm shift from traditional methods of using home products to modern methods of using branded cosmetics and fairness cream to become fair. Initially they realized about the men's market and there plenty of fairness creams introduced in market This made fair changes in market and market stakes of the brands. Today this companies are working on the preferences of the customers and their likes to succeed in the market by the way of differentiation strategies. Availability of massive number of cosmetic brands creates the competition given a scope to the researcher to study the buying behvaiour of consumers of fairness creams in Madanapalle Chittoor District.

Food Bioscience, 2017

Green gram as dhal (dehusked split cotyledons) is a common food material in India. During milling... more Green gram as dhal (dehusked split cotyledons) is a common food material in India. During milling of green gram into dhal, 18% of the grain becomes by-product. The by-product was separated into the husk, the germ, the plumule rich fraction (PRF) and the aleurone rich 2 fraction by sieving and air classification. Polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, carotenoids and chlorophyll contents were the highest in the husks followed by the PRF. The husk and the PRF showed antioxidant activity with IC 50 values of 12 and 23 µg for DPPH; and 17 and 25 µg for ABTS˙+ scavenging activities, respectively. The husk and the PRF showed IC 50 values of 0.3 and 0.3 mg for α-amylase inhibition; 0.2 and 0.3 mg for α-glucosidase inhibition; and 2 and 3 µg for oxidative DNA damage protection, respectively. Gallic acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, vitexin and isovitexin were the major bioactive compounds in various fractions, and these compounds were found to be the highest in the husks followed by the PRF. Thus, the present study suggests that green gram milled by-products may contain useful nutraceutical compounds.

International Journal of Food Properties, 2017

Germinating seeds tend to release a variety of bioactive compounds into the surrounding medium an... more Germinating seeds tend to release a variety of bioactive compounds into the surrounding medium and their compositions vary depending on the type of seed and the temperature of the medium. During imbibition, green gram seeds exuded polyphenols and proteins, and their contents were higher at 45°C (warm seed) compared with that obtained from seeds soaked at room temperature. The total exudate from warm seeds also showed higher antioxidant activity compared with that of room-temperature exudate. Hence, the ethanol extract of the warm seed exudate was characterized for its health beneficial effects. Phenolic acids like gallic, ferulic, and sinapic acids, and flavonoids like vitexin and isovitexin were identified in the extract of the exudate. Among these, vitexin content was the highest compared to other bioactive compounds. DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power of the extract were comparable to those of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Ethanol extract of warm seed exudate showed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition with an IC 50 value of 9.6 µg GAE/ml and 72% inhibition of platelet aggregation at 0.11 mg GAE/ml concentration. High MW protein (>150kDa) of the exudate showed 83% inhibition of platelet aggregation at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Low MW proteins of 29 kDa and 12 kDa showed 50% AChE inhibition at 8 μg/ml and 6.82 μg/ml concentrations, respectively.

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2017

Germinated green gram seeds are widely consumed in the world. During germination, significant vol... more Germinated green gram seeds are widely consumed in the world. During germination, significant volume of exudate is wasted. Total polyphenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in exudate were 80.8 mg GAE/g, 52.42 mg CAE/g and 15.23 mg/g (dw), respectively. In exudate, sinapic acid content was the highest followed by ferulic and gallic acids. Similarly, polyphenol and flavonoid contents in germinated seeds increased, while in husk, it decreased significantly with the germination period, however, anthocyanin content decreased significantly in both. During germination, contents of tannic and gallic acids decreased, while contents of ferulic and sinapic acids increased in both seed and husk. Exudate exhibited potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities. First day germinated seed and husk had the highest antioxidant and antibacterial potential. Thus, exudate and germinated seed extracts can be used as nutraceuticals and used in functional foods. This is the first report on antioxidant and antibacterial properties of green gram exudate. Practical applications Germinated seeds are rich in nutrients and nutraceuitcals. Food industry produces significant amount of germinated green gram and these germinated seeds are consumed as raw as well as after mild processing. After germination, large quantities of liquid as well as husk are obtained. As germinating seeds produce antimicrobial compounds to protect the seedlings, during germination these compounds may leach into exudate. In the present study, we found that green gram exudate and the germinating seed husks possess stronger antioxidant and antibacterial activity against food borne bacteria compared to raw seed. The results suggest that the exudate can be a good source of natural preservatives in food products and it may be an alternative to the use of chemical additives in the food industry.

Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2016

Cataract is a secondary complication of diabetes and consumption of diet rich in antioxidants and... more Cataract is a secondary complication of diabetes and consumption of diet rich in antioxidants and dietary fiber exerts beneficial effects. The effect of mango peel on delay in progression of cataract was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diets supplemented with mango peel at 5 and 10% levels ameliorated cataract formation. On treatment of diabetic rats with peel for 16 weeks, lens soluble protein content, glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were increased by 1.5–2.5 fold while lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels as well as advanced glycation end products formation in lens proteins of diabetic rats were significantly decreased. Mango peel supplementation also inhibited polyol pathway enzyme activities in diabetic rats. Thus, mango peel was effective against development of diabetic cataract mainly through augmentation of antioxidant levels, inhibition of polyol pathway enzymes and AGEs formation in lens of diabetic rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Oxidative damage to the constituents of eye lens is considered to be the major mechanism for development of various types of cataract and intake of food rich in antioxidants has been reported to delay progression of cataract. Mango peel is a by-product of mango pulp processing industry and is rich in antioxidants and exhibits antidiabetic properties. This study found that mango peel supplemented diet delayed the progression of diabetic cataract formation. Thus, mango peel can be supplemented in foods for management of diabetes and its complications.

PloS one, 2015

Tumor microenvironment play role in angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Etoposide, a known topoisome... more Tumor microenvironment play role in angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Etoposide, a known topoisomerase II inhibitor induces DNA damage resulting in cell cycle arrest. We developed a novel Etoposide analogue, Quinazolino-4β-amidopodophyllotoxin (C-10) that show better efficacy in regulating cell proliferation and angiogenesis. We evaluated its role on expression of microRNAs-15, 16, 17 and 221 and its targets Bcl-2, STAT3 and VEGF that dictate cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Docking studies clearly demonstrated the binding of Etoposide and C-10 to STAT3. We conclude that combination of Etoposide or C-10 with miR-15, 16, 17 and 221 as a new approach to induce apoptosis and control angiogenesis in breast cancer.

International Journal of Surgery: Global Health

On February 6, 2023, Türkiye was struck by a devastating earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8, a na... more On February 6, 2023, Türkiye was struck by a devastating earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8, a natural disaster of enor- mous destruction. As a result, many citizens succumbed to mor- tality, suffered immense physical and psychosocial harm, and the properties of the survivors suffered severe damage. Adolescents and the youth sector in particular are at an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders[1]. Hence, policymakers and stakeholders need to pay attention to this understudied sector to prevent and manage health care issues associated with the recent earthquakes. Because of their rapid appearance, ferocity, and devastation, earthquakes exert unequivocal stress events[2]. Previous studies have demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently linked to earthquakes, which have a significant psy- chological influence on individuals and hinder their early return to normal activities while prolonging unpleasant emotions[3]. Moreover, prior traumatic encounters and childhood abuse have a significant impact on the mental health of adolescent survivors[3]. Recalling fear, triggering memories, or experiencing panic and anxiety is one of the most notable effects of the pos- sibility and persistence of PTSD. These symptoms have a rapid impact on mental health and, according to studies and personal experience, are associated with the initiation and risk of devel- oping PTSD[3]. In addition, this disorder comprises mood dis- orders, such as dysthymia and anxiety, with the diagnosis being aOli Health Magazine Organization, Research, and Education, Kigali, Rwanda, bDeccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, cLebanese University Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon, dNamık Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey, eDepartment of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan, fFaculty of Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK, gClinton Global Initiative University, New York, NY and hFaculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. *Corresponding author. Address: Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda. E-mail address: abu07909@gmail.com (A. Nazir). Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. International Journal of Surgery: Global Health (2023) 6:e0160 Received 13 March 2023; Accepted 20 March 2023 Published online 2 June 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GH9.0000000000000160 connected to the existence of PTSD following the earthquake[3]. The majority of adolescent survivors’ experience intrusive flash- backs and posttrauma ruminations, also known as event-related ruminations, which result from the shaking of beliefs after excruciating occurrences[2]

Advanced Engineering Optimization Through Intelligent Techniques, 2019

While discussing the hip joint failure, material selection and apposite dimension of the femoral ... more While discussing the hip joint failure, material selection and apposite dimension of the femoral head are a great concern for the artificial hip replacement. In this context, an attempt was made to optimize both ball head and socket material from different combinations like femoral head (metal)acetabular liner (Polyethylene) and femoral head (ceramic)acetabular liner (ceramic) in consideration of a different set of femoral ball head size of 28mm, 30mm and 32mm. The material and femoral head size were optimized in the perspective of minimum stress that eventually enhances the prosthesis life and minimizes the wear of counter bodies. The hip joint prosthesis was designed in CATIA followed by Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed in ANSYS 17.2. Dynamic FEA was performed when the 100kg human in jogging. A theoretical optimization established the combination of ceramic-ceramic articulating body consist of 30.02mm ID acetabular liner-30mm OD femoral head made of zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) experience less stress and deformation that eventually exhibit very low wear rate per cycle of jogging. This design exhibits 0.629mm wear depth after 10years of activity; however, similar theoretical analysis can be done under different degree of dynamic motions. The proposed material and design combination has excellent potential for the artificial hip joint.

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 2019

In consideration of total hip replacement (THR) and theoretical life estimation, we extensively p... more In consideration of total hip replacement (THR) and theoretical life estimation, we extensively performed finite element analysis and predicted the wear behaviour of different head sizes of 28, 30 and 32 mm and two bearing systems namely ZTA head-ZTA liner and Ti6Al4V head-UHMWPE liner. Static but stance activity was encountered for the 100 kg subject, where the ZTA head-ZTA liner combination exhibit less von mises stress compared to Ti6Al4V head-UHMWPE liner bearing. Interestingly, 30 mm femoral head experiences more jump distance (JD) and more range of motion (ROM) in comparison of the 28 mm femoral head, and less deformation compares to 32 mm femoral head. The wear behaviour is estimated using Archard's law and predicted wear depth is around 600 µm for 15 years for 30 mm femoral head during articulating motion with identical tribocouple.

International Journal of Research, 2019

The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production, critical component. It connects... more The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production, critical component. It connects reciprocating piston to rotating crankshaft, transmitting the thrust(power) of the piston to the crankshaft. Every vehicle that uses an internal combustion engine requires at least one connecting rod depending upon the number of cylinders in the engine. Connecting rods for automotive applications are typically manufactured by forging from either wrought steel or powdered metal. They could also be cast. Here unwanted stresses found on crank and piston ends of connecting rod while transmitting power from piston to crankshaft. The main objective of this study was to explore weight and cost reduction opportunities for a production forged wrought steel and Composite HM Carbon/Epoxy connecting rods. This has entailed performing a detailed load analysis. The most important factors that are concentrated are stress distribution and deflections. Connecting rod is designed by Unigraphics software ...

International Journal of Modern Physics B, 2020

The research work has demonstrated the effect of hydrothermal ageing ([Formula: see text]C, 40 h,... more The research work has demonstrated the effect of hydrothermal ageing ([Formula: see text]C, 40 h, 1.034 bar) on friction and wear behavior of SrO-doped zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) composite. Surface topography and wear regime behavior are established in the perspective of ageing time, load, phase transformation and toughening phenomena. The estimated critical load is confirming the expedition of mild to severe wear in the presence of microcrack formation during adhesive and abrasive wear between SrO-doped ZTA (disc) and ZrO2 (ball) tribo couples, where adhesion between the SrO–ZTA disc and ZrO2 ball results in transfer of ZrO2 particles from ball to disc. Roughness parameters ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) are elucidated to understand the influence of load and ageing conditions, as well as the in vitro bioactivity of sintered specimens is assessed in simulative body fluid (SBF) solution.

International Journal of Research, 2019

A cylinder block is an integrated structure comprising the cylinder(s) of a reciprocating engine... more A cylinder block is an integrated structure comprising the cylinder(s) of a reciprocating engine and often some or all of their associated surrounding structures The various main parts of an engine (such as cylinder(s), cylinder head(s), coolant passages, intake and exhaust passages, and crankcase) are conceptually distinct, and these concepts can all be instantiated as discrete pieces that are bolted together. The purpose of the engine block is to support the components of the engine. Additionally, the engine block transfers heat from friction to the atmosphere and engine coolant. From carburetor or fuel injector (fuel and air mixture) is supplied to cylinders of the engine. The fuel and air mixture are injected at high pressure into cylinders of the engine. Due to this applied pressure on the cylinder, the cylinder undergoes some deformation and produce stresses in the cylinder. With respect to stresses, Weight is also important factor in automobile industries, due to heavy weigh...

International Journal of Research, 2018

The wings of a military aircraft are long, tight airfoils with a high angle proportion, a shape t... more The wings of a military aircraft are long, tight airfoils with a high angle proportion, a shape that limits haul from tip vortices . They by and large contain a level of washout that diminishes the lift created at the tips, where the wind stream is fastest and vortex generation. Wing blades are made out of different materials, including aluminum, composite structure, and steel or titanium, with scraped area shields along the main edge. he primary aircraft wing is for the most part influenced by the wind stream for development of wing blade and the impact of aerodynamic power and radiating power applying to blade has been completely considered.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 2016

Background: Studies have shown that conventional treatment for common neck pain may be inadequate... more Background: Studies have shown that conventional treatment for common neck pain may be inadequate. Yoga techniques also have been found to be better and beneficial complimentary therapy in cervical spondylosis and also reduce the stress levels. Objective: The aim of the study Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 100 among them 50 participants in the case group were a sked to attend 30 minutes yoga with medications for a period of 3 months. The cont rol group 50 subjects did not receive any yoga intervention only medications and were asked to complete questionnaires. Each group was evaluated Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measur Results: The present interventional study selected as cases those underwent yoga session with medicines. 50 controls with mean 41.84±11.129 were selected as control group underwent only medication. During the first visit, case group results showed mean VAS score 3.46 versus 3.86 with p group results showed mean VAS score 1.82 ver...

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2021

Abstract Bioceramic materials based biological implants have gained enormous attention in researc... more Abstract Bioceramic materials based biological implants have gained enormous attention in research due to their extensive medical application. However, release of wear debris from them limits their clinical relevance due to many health risks in the recipient. Thus, we decided to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of wear debris released from Strontium oxide doped Zirconia Toughened Alumina (SrO-ZTA) hip prosthesis developed in our laboratory. An extensive cytotoxicity analysis confirms that the cellular and nuclear morphology of C2C12 mouse myoblast cells are intact even after 72 h of SrO-ZTA wear debris exposure. Furthermore, treatment of wear debris in Drosophila model did not cause any damage to the larval gut epithelium and nuclei. Despite the reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase in third instar larvae after wear debris treatment at higher concentrations (50–100 μg/mL), the flies show appreciable weight gain, suggesting no harm to larva and flies. Interestingly, the eye, wing, and bristles of the hatched flies of all the experimental groups do not show any phenotypic defects. However, the number of pupae formed and flies hatched for SrO-ZTA wear debris treatment groups are almost similar to control groups expect higher treatment concentration (100 μg/mL). Lastly, the current study establishes the non-cytotoxic and non-genotoxic nature of SrO-ZTA wear debris in-vitro and in-vivo, suggesting promising medical relevance of SrO-ZTA composite.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 2021

An established commercial grade SrO doped ZTA composition has been considered to design, fabricat... more An established commercial grade SrO doped ZTA composition has been considered to design, fabrication through uniaxial pressing followed by sintering and polishing, validation of dimension, 3D surface profile, 3D microstructure, and compressive load bearing capacity of femoral headacetabular socket liner prototypes for the hip prosthesis. While design and dimensions are concerned, both the steel (HRC60) molds were designed and machined to achieve precious dimensions of femoral head (FH; OD-30 ± 0.01 mm) and acetabular socket liner (ASL; ID-30.15 ± 0.01 mm). A close variation in the range of ±0.01 mm was confirmed the precision geometry of polished FH and ASL with consideration of 22 points coordinate measuring method (CMM). 3D surface profile ensures the surface characteristics of R a = 0.2 ± 0.01 μm and R q = 0.5 ± 0.01 μm for outer surface of FH and an inner surface of ASL, respectively. Structure integrity and fabrication defects including cracks and pores free bulk structures were confirmed by Micro CT. The compressive load resistance known as burst strength for independent FH and FH-ASL assembly were measured 16.2 KN and 17.6 KN, respectively. The developed ceramic prototypes have an economic advantage and can be adopted as artificial hip prosthesis after extensive in-vitro and in-vivo analysis.

International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences, 2018

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability among elderly population. It is a ... more Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability among elderly population. It is a major cause of a burden on the health system and its incidence and prevalence continues to rise with a rapidly increasing aging population. Total hip replacement is considered one of the most important and successful intervention in the recent era. The study aims to determine the functional outcome and the complications associated with uncemented total hip replacement using modular prosthesis. In this study 32 cases with osteoarthritis of hip joint were treated by uncemented total hip replacement at Katuri medical college and hospital, China kondrupadu, Guntur between June 2015 to November 2016 were included. The functional outcome is assessed and compared with other studies. The aim of procedure is to assess the functional outcome of uncemented total hip replacement. Materials and Methods: Our study is prospective study of clinical and radiological analysis of uncemented total hip arthroplasties performed for various hip disorders. All patient data and clinical history were noted with reference to pain, range of motion, gait, activities or function (Harris Hip Score). Cementless acetabular components, cementless femoral components are used in this study. Results: All 32 patients in the present study returned for clinical and radiological examinations subsequently. Patients were reviewed after 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year post operatively. The age ranges from 32-60 years with mean age of 48.31 years. Most of the cases are between the age group of 51-60 years constituting 46.88% of study population. Of the 32 cases, male patients 22 constituting 68.75% and the rest 10 are female patients constituting 31.25% of the cases. Conclusions: Our study supports the usge uncemented THR in osteoarthritis in both young and elderly. The current trend, research and advent of new implants support uncemented THR in patients suffering from this crippling hip arthritis and avascular necrosis.

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2018

There is substantial evidence that human behavior is to a large extent driven by motives/rewards ... more There is substantial evidence that human behavior is to a large extent driven by motives/rewards and goals. In global era the men and women become beauty conscious and beauty become essential in our day to day life. All the marketers understood the attitudinal changes, lifestyles and changing environmental conditions taken into consideration to identify the solution for their problem to enhance the glamour. Today in India, numerous companies produced Cosmetics & Creams which suits to the personality of the consumer. Indians are witnessing a paradigm shift from traditional methods of using home products to modern methods of using branded cosmetics and fairness cream to become fair. Initially they realized about the men's market and there plenty of fairness creams introduced in market This made fair changes in market and market stakes of the brands. Today this companies are working on the preferences of the customers and their likes to succeed in the market by the way of differentiation strategies. Availability of massive number of cosmetic brands creates the competition given a scope to the researcher to study the buying behvaiour of consumers of fairness creams in Madanapalle Chittoor District.

Food Bioscience, 2017

Green gram as dhal (dehusked split cotyledons) is a common food material in India. During milling... more Green gram as dhal (dehusked split cotyledons) is a common food material in India. During milling of green gram into dhal, 18% of the grain becomes by-product. The by-product was separated into the husk, the germ, the plumule rich fraction (PRF) and the aleurone rich 2 fraction by sieving and air classification. Polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, carotenoids and chlorophyll contents were the highest in the husks followed by the PRF. The husk and the PRF showed antioxidant activity with IC 50 values of 12 and 23 µg for DPPH; and 17 and 25 µg for ABTS˙+ scavenging activities, respectively. The husk and the PRF showed IC 50 values of 0.3 and 0.3 mg for α-amylase inhibition; 0.2 and 0.3 mg for α-glucosidase inhibition; and 2 and 3 µg for oxidative DNA damage protection, respectively. Gallic acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, vitexin and isovitexin were the major bioactive compounds in various fractions, and these compounds were found to be the highest in the husks followed by the PRF. Thus, the present study suggests that green gram milled by-products may contain useful nutraceutical compounds.

International Journal of Food Properties, 2017

Germinating seeds tend to release a variety of bioactive compounds into the surrounding medium an... more Germinating seeds tend to release a variety of bioactive compounds into the surrounding medium and their compositions vary depending on the type of seed and the temperature of the medium. During imbibition, green gram seeds exuded polyphenols and proteins, and their contents were higher at 45°C (warm seed) compared with that obtained from seeds soaked at room temperature. The total exudate from warm seeds also showed higher antioxidant activity compared with that of room-temperature exudate. Hence, the ethanol extract of the warm seed exudate was characterized for its health beneficial effects. Phenolic acids like gallic, ferulic, and sinapic acids, and flavonoids like vitexin and isovitexin were identified in the extract of the exudate. Among these, vitexin content was the highest compared to other bioactive compounds. DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power of the extract were comparable to those of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Ethanol extract of warm seed exudate showed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition with an IC 50 value of 9.6 µg GAE/ml and 72% inhibition of platelet aggregation at 0.11 mg GAE/ml concentration. High MW protein (>150kDa) of the exudate showed 83% inhibition of platelet aggregation at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Low MW proteins of 29 kDa and 12 kDa showed 50% AChE inhibition at 8 μg/ml and 6.82 μg/ml concentrations, respectively.

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2017

Germinated green gram seeds are widely consumed in the world. During germination, significant vol... more Germinated green gram seeds are widely consumed in the world. During germination, significant volume of exudate is wasted. Total polyphenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in exudate were 80.8 mg GAE/g, 52.42 mg CAE/g and 15.23 mg/g (dw), respectively. In exudate, sinapic acid content was the highest followed by ferulic and gallic acids. Similarly, polyphenol and flavonoid contents in germinated seeds increased, while in husk, it decreased significantly with the germination period, however, anthocyanin content decreased significantly in both. During germination, contents of tannic and gallic acids decreased, while contents of ferulic and sinapic acids increased in both seed and husk. Exudate exhibited potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities. First day germinated seed and husk had the highest antioxidant and antibacterial potential. Thus, exudate and germinated seed extracts can be used as nutraceuticals and used in functional foods. This is the first report on antioxidant and antibacterial properties of green gram exudate. Practical applications Germinated seeds are rich in nutrients and nutraceuitcals. Food industry produces significant amount of germinated green gram and these germinated seeds are consumed as raw as well as after mild processing. After germination, large quantities of liquid as well as husk are obtained. As germinating seeds produce antimicrobial compounds to protect the seedlings, during germination these compounds may leach into exudate. In the present study, we found that green gram exudate and the germinating seed husks possess stronger antioxidant and antibacterial activity against food borne bacteria compared to raw seed. The results suggest that the exudate can be a good source of natural preservatives in food products and it may be an alternative to the use of chemical additives in the food industry.

Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2016

Cataract is a secondary complication of diabetes and consumption of diet rich in antioxidants and... more Cataract is a secondary complication of diabetes and consumption of diet rich in antioxidants and dietary fiber exerts beneficial effects. The effect of mango peel on delay in progression of cataract was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diets supplemented with mango peel at 5 and 10% levels ameliorated cataract formation. On treatment of diabetic rats with peel for 16 weeks, lens soluble protein content, glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were increased by 1.5–2.5 fold while lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels as well as advanced glycation end products formation in lens proteins of diabetic rats were significantly decreased. Mango peel supplementation also inhibited polyol pathway enzyme activities in diabetic rats. Thus, mango peel was effective against development of diabetic cataract mainly through augmentation of antioxidant levels, inhibition of polyol pathway enzymes and AGEs formation in lens of diabetic rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Oxidative damage to the constituents of eye lens is considered to be the major mechanism for development of various types of cataract and intake of food rich in antioxidants has been reported to delay progression of cataract. Mango peel is a by-product of mango pulp processing industry and is rich in antioxidants and exhibits antidiabetic properties. This study found that mango peel supplemented diet delayed the progression of diabetic cataract formation. Thus, mango peel can be supplemented in foods for management of diabetes and its complications.

PloS one, 2015

Tumor microenvironment play role in angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Etoposide, a known topoisome... more Tumor microenvironment play role in angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Etoposide, a known topoisomerase II inhibitor induces DNA damage resulting in cell cycle arrest. We developed a novel Etoposide analogue, Quinazolino-4β-amidopodophyllotoxin (C-10) that show better efficacy in regulating cell proliferation and angiogenesis. We evaluated its role on expression of microRNAs-15, 16, 17 and 221 and its targets Bcl-2, STAT3 and VEGF that dictate cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Docking studies clearly demonstrated the binding of Etoposide and C-10 to STAT3. We conclude that combination of Etoposide or C-10 with miR-15, 16, 17 and 221 as a new approach to induce apoptosis and control angiogenesis in breast cancer.