Belal Obeidat - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Belal Obeidat
Journal of Animal Science, 2018
Journal of dairy science, 2015
Two experiments investigated how plane of nutrition influences performance, leukocyte responses, ... more Two experiments investigated how plane of nutrition influences performance, leukocyte responses, and resistance to an oral Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium challenge. In experiment 1, 46 (2±1 d of age) calves were randomly assigned to 2 diets: a low (LPN; n=23) and high plane of nutrition (HPN; n=23). The LPN calves were fed 409 g/d of dry matter (DM) of a 20% crude protein and 20% fat milk replacer, whereas HPN calves were fed 610 and 735 g/d of DM of a 28% crude protein and 25% fat milk replacer during wk 1 and 2 to 6, respectively. In experiment 2, 20 bull calves (LPN; n=11 and HPN; n=9) were orally challenged on d 80 with 1.5×10(7) cfu of Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC #14028). The HPN calves had a greater incidence (87.5 vs. 45.5%) and duration of days with high fecal scores (5.5 vs. 3.5 d). The LPN calves had greater neutrophil surface expression of L-selectin on d 7, 21, and 42. Following the Salmonella Typhimurium challenge, calf starter DM intake was greater among the...
Journal of dairy science, 2014
The objective was to determine if outdoor group housing of Holstein calves influences metabolic s... more The objective was to determine if outdoor group housing of Holstein calves influences metabolic status, leukocyte responses, and behavior compared with individually housed calves. Forty-nine Holstein heifer calves (2 ± 1 d of age) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: individually housed (G1; n = 22) or group housed [3 calves per pen (G3); n = 27]. The space allowances per calf were 4.8 and 7.0m(2) for G1 and G3, respectively. All calves were offered an identical plane of milk replacer nutrition (747 and 1,010 g of DM/d of a 28% CP:20% fat milk replacer from wk 1 to 2 and wk 3 to 6, respectively). Weaning was initiated during wk 7 by removing the p.m. feeding and calves were completely weaned when they consumed 900 g of calf starter/d (as fed) for 2 consecutive days after d 54. At d 90, calves were commingled into random outdoor groups of 5 calves per pen. Peripheral blood was collected during the neonatal (d 3, 10, and 21), weaning (d 46, 48, and 54), and commingling periods...
Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2019
Background and objectives: A study was conducted to evaluate whether preeclampsia in pregnant wom... more Background and objectives: A study was conducted to evaluate whether preeclampsia in pregnant women is associated with dietary factors and antioxidant intake (vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin A, and selenium). Methods and results: In this caseecontrol study, a group of 79 pregnant Jordanian women (36 preeclamptic pregnant women and 43 healthy pregnant women aged 18e45 years with a gestational age !20th week of pregnancy) were recruited from the obstetrics and gynecology clinics at Royal Medical Services, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, Jordan. Information about socio-demographics, anthropometric measurements, biochemical measurements, nutritional intake, and dietary habits was collected through a structured interview. Three 24-hour dietary records were also made. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and dietary intake was analyzed using ESHA software. Prepregnancy BMI, age, multiple pregnancies, energy intake, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and sodium showed significant difference between preeclamptic pregnant women and healthy pregnant women. The odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) show that a strong association with preeclampsia exists for the intake of fat (OR Z 6.40, 95% CI: 1.85e22.17) and saturated fat (OR Z 3.35, 95% CI: 1.0e11.54). Inverse associations with preeclampsia were found for fruit intake (OR Z 0.16, 95% CI: 0.47e0.55) and olive oil intake (OR Z 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05e0.78). Conclusion: In this caseecontrol study in Jordanian pregnant women, preeclampsia was associated with a high intake of fat, saturated fat, and sodium and a low intake of fruits, fiber, vitamin C, B-carotene, and olive oil.
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2012
Objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of barley grain w... more Objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of barley grain with bread by-product (BB) on performance of Awassi ewes and their lambs. Forty Awassi ewes rearing single lambs were randomly allotted into four experimental diets containing various levels of BB. The experimental diets contained 0 (BB0), 10 (BB10), 15 (BB15), and 20% (BB20) of BB on dietary dry matter (DM). The study lasted for eight weeks, in which the first week was used as an adaptation period and seven weeks of data collection. Ewes and their lambs were penned individually where they were fed their lactating diets ad libitum. Ewes and lambs body weights were measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. However, milk production and composition were evaluated biweekly. Feeding BB had no effect (p>0.05) on dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP) intakes. However, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake was the lowest (p<0.05) for the BB20 and BB15 diets followed to BB10 diet (i.e., 640, 677, 772 g/d, respectively) while the highest NDF intake was for the BB0 diet (i.e., 825 g/d). Similarly, NDF intake decreased linearly (p<0.001) as the BB content increased. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake was highest (p<0.05) for the BB0 and BB10 diets (425 and 416 g/d, respectively) followed by the BB15 and BB20 diets (359 and 342 g/d, respectively). Moreover, a linear (p<0.001), quadratic (p = 0.04), and cubic (p = 0.04) effects were observed in ADF intake among diets. Nutrient digestibility was similar among different diets. Bread by-product had no effect (p>0.05) on ewes body weight change and on lamb performance (i.e., weaning body weight and average daily gain). Similarly, no differences (p>0.05) were observed either in milk production or composition by the BB substitution. Inclusion of BB reduced feed cost by 9, 14, and 18% for the BB10, BB15, and BB20 diets, respectively. No differences were observed in milk efficiency (DM intake: milk production; p>0.05) among diets. However, cost of milk production ($US/kg milk) was the lowest (p<0.05) in the diet containing BB20. Results of the present study indicate that feeding bread by-product up to 20% of the diet DM had no effect on performance of Awassi ewes and their lambs and reduced feed cost.
Journal of Animal Science, 2018
Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 2015
Awawdeh, M. S., Talafha, A. Q. and Obeidat, B. S. 2015. Postpartum injection with vitamin E and s... more Awawdeh, M. S., Talafha, A. Q. and Obeidat, B. S. 2015. Postpartum injection with vitamin E and selenium failed to improve the performance of Awassi ewes and their lambs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 111–115. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E and Se injection of nursing Awassi ewes on the performance of ewes (body weight change, milk yield, and composition) and their lambs (growth rate and weaning weight). Twenty-eight Awassi ewes were randomly assigned upon lambing to one of two groups; Control (n=13) and Inject (n=15), where ewes received 0 (control) or 15 plus 0.05 mg kg−1 BW of vitamin E and Se, respectively (inject). Intramuscular injections were given at 1 and 4 wk postpartum. Body weight (BW) of ewes and their lambs were recorded at lambing and at 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk postpartum. Milk yield and composition were measured at 2, 4, and 6 wk postpartum and somatic cell count (SCC) was evaluated weekly (from lambing through 8 wk). Injecting nursing ewes...
Animals
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal water restriction on sexual behavio... more The present study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal water restriction on sexual behavior, reproductive performance, and reproductive hormones of male rat offspring. Forty pregnant female rats were divided into two equal groups: Control (C) and water-restricted (WR). Control dams had ad libitum water access throughout pregnancy, while dams in the WR group were subjected to 50% water-restriction from day 10 of pregnancy onwards. The maternal water restriction provoked a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in body weight of dams before delivery and at birth and litter body weights of offspring at birth. Maternal water restriction did not affect relative weights of reproductive and body organs of male rat offspring. All hormonal concentrations, sperm count, and vitality in male rat offspring were not significantly affected by maternal water restriction. Maternal water restriction exposure induced significant (p < 0.05) reduction in intromission latency, intromission frequen...
Small Ruminant Research
Abstract A single-visit survey was conducted from June to October 2017 to estimate the kid and la... more Abstract A single-visit survey was conducted from June to October 2017 to estimate the kid and lamb mortalities, and identify major causes and risk factors in Karak governorate of Jordan. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 120 small ruminant farmers in addition to focus group discussions. Results showed that diseases, feed shortage, poor mothering, predators and insufficient milk provision were perceived to be the most important causes of mortality in kids and lambs. Among diseases, diarrhea and pneumonia, were the top causes of young stock death losses. The overall mean annual mortality rates were 27.4 kids and 8.2 lambs per 100 live births a year. Mortality rates were higher in kids than lambs and found to decrease with age categories. The overall mean annual mortality rates of male kids and lambs within and between production systems were significantly higher than their female counterparts (P
Animals
Two experiments were conducted to assess the influence of sesame meal (SM) feeding on nutrient di... more Two experiments were conducted to assess the influence of sesame meal (SM) feeding on nutrient digestibility, N balance, milk production and composition, ewes’ body weight change, and growth performance of lambs. In experiment 1, 18 ewe lambs were randomly distributed into three diets to evaluate the effects of soybean meal replacement with SM on nutrient intake, digestibility, and N balance. Treatments were no SM (SM0), 7.5% SM (SM7.5), or 15% SM (SM15) of the dietary dry matter (DM). Aside from intake and digestibility of ether extract (EE), which was greater in the SM-containing diets compared with SM0, intake and digestibility of the remaining nutrients was similar among dietary treatments. In experiment 2, 30 ewes suckling single lambs were randomly assigned to the same diets used in experiment 1. Intakes of DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were unaffected by treatment. Milk yield was greater in SM diets than in the SM0 diet. Cost/kg of milk ...
January-2020
Background and Aim: Goat is considered very important ruminant animals that are raised in Jordan;... more Background and Aim: Goat is considered very important ruminant animals that are raised in Jordan; however, the production of the local breeds is low to moderate, and thus, some genetic improvement programs could have a positive effect on the performance of the local breeds. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of crossing Baladi (BB) goat with Shami. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 newly weaned goat kids (15 BB and 15 Shami-Baladi [SB] kids) were evaluated for growth performance and carcass traits. The trial lasted for 77 days (7 days for adaptation and 70 days for data collection). Feed intake was measured on a daily basis; body weight of kids was measured at the beginning of the study and biweekly thereafter. At the end of the trial, kids were slaughtered to examine carcass traits. Results: Dry matter intake, initial weight, final weight, and average daily gain (ADG) were not affected by kid's breed type. In addition, breed type of kids showed no sign...
Veterinary World, Jun 10, 2021
Background and Aim: Grains, such as barley (BAR) and corn (CORN), are major energy sources for sm... more Background and Aim: Grains, such as barley (BAR) and corn (CORN), are major energy sources for small ruminants. This study aimed to assess the impact of feeding either BAR or CORN-based diets on growth performance and carcass characteristics.
Materials and Methods: Awassi male lambs, average body weight of 20.4±0.49 kg, were chosen randomly. Lambs were acclimated for 10 days and assigned to one of two diets (1) BAR and (2) CORN. Feeding continued for 70 days with 60 days of data collection. Daily intake was recorded. Measurements of body weight were taken starting from day 1 then once per week throughout the study period. On day 40, six lambs were randomly chosen from each group and placed in metabolism cages to assess digestibility and N balance. Lambs were slaughtered on the last day of the study to evaluate carcass characteristics and meat quality.
Results: Neutral and acid detergent fiber and ether extract intake were greater (p≤0.05) for lambs fed the BAR diets. Nitrogen loss in feces tended to be greater (p=0.09) for the CORN diet. Eye muscle depth (mm) tended to be greater (p=0.07) for the BAR diet. Nutrient digestibility, daily weight gain, carcass characteristics, and meat quality were not different (p≥0.1) between diets.
Conclusion: The results herein demonstrate that feeding BAR grain improved nutrient intake efficiency and consistency and did not affect weight gain and carcass traits. BAR-based diets might be a useful alternative to CORN for feeding growing lambs.
Journal of animal science, 2002
Understanding mechanisms that regulate growth and reproduction are important for improving select... more Understanding mechanisms that regulate growth and reproduction are important for improving selection strategies in cattle. In this study, Angus, Brangus, and Brahman bulls (n = 7 per breed) of similar age were selected from a group of 65 weanlings. Bulls were evaluated after weaning (i.e., approximately 6 mo of age) for 112 d for serum concentrations of metabolic hormones and glucose, growth, and reproductive traits. Performance data and blood sera were collected on d 0, 28, 56, 84, and 112. Sera were also collected in periods from d 50 to 59 (56D) and 103 to 112 (112D). Angus bulls were heavier (P < 0.05) throughout the study than Brahman bulls and were heavier than Brangus bulls on d 56, 84, and 112. Initial and final BW for Angus, Brangus, and Brahman bulls were 292.7, 260.6, and 230.4 and 468.3, 435.6, and 350.7 +/- 12 kg, respectively. Conversely, Brahman bulls had greater hip height (P < 0.05) than Brangus, and Brangus were taller (P < 0.05) than Angus. Angus bulls ha...
Small Ruminant Research, 2016
Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 2013
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of partial replacement of wheat hay wi... more The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of partial replacement of wheat hay with sun-dried (SOC) or acid-treated SOC (ASOC) olive cake on nutrient intake and performance of Awassi lambs. An additional objective was to study the effects of acid treatment of olive cake (OC) on its chemical composition and nutritive value. On DM basis, sun-drying of OC did not dramatically affect its chemical composition. On the other hand, treating SOC with phosphoric acid decreased (p<0.05) SOC contents of neutral detergent fiber. Twenty seven male lambs (17.6±0.75 kg body weight) individually housed in shaded pens were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments (9 lambs/treatment). Dietary treatments were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous by replacing 50% of wheat hay in the control diet (CTL) with SOC or ASOC and to meet all nutrient requirements. Dietary treatments had no effects on nutrient intake or digestibility except for ether extract. Lambs fed th...
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008
Twenty-one Awassi male lambs were used to evaluate the effect of replacing barely grains by Proso... more Twenty-one Awassi male lambs were used to evaluate the effect of replacing barely grains by Prosopis juliflora pods (PJP) on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass and meat characteristics. Lambs were fed finishing diets and assigned randomly to one of three ...
Animal Feed Science and Technology
Small Ruminant Research, 2010
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding sesame hulls (SH) on growth performanc... more This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding sesame hulls (SH) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Awassi lambs. Twenty-one Awassi lambs (age of 70 ± 4.53 days and initial body weight 18.6 ± 0.53 kg) were randomly allocated to 3 diets. Diet 1 served as a control and contained no SH (CON); diet 2 (low sesame hulls; LSH) and 3 (high sesame hulls; HSH) consisted of 12.5% and 25% SH, respectively. Lambs were housed in individual pens and consumed isonitrogenous diets ad libitum. At the end of the study all lambs were slaughtered to evaluate their carcass and meat characteristics. Lambs fed SH had higher (P < 0.05) intakes of DM and OM than the CON diet. Intakes of NDF and EE were greater (P < 0.05) for the HSH diet than for the CON and LSH diets. Average daily gain and ADG:DMI were comparable among all diets. Cost of gain was lower (P < 0.05) for the SH diet than for the CON diet. Digestibility of DM, OM and CP was similar among all diets. However, digestibility of NDF tended to be greater (P = 0.09) for the HSH than the CON and the LSH diets. Digestibility of EE was greater (P < 0.05) for the HSH diet than the CON diet while the LSH diet was not different from the other 2 diets. Longissimus muscle weight was greater (P < 0.05) for the LSH diet than for the CON diet while the HSH diet was not different from the other 2 diets. Rib fat depth tended to be greater (P < 0.10) for the LSH when compared to the CON diet, whereas rib fat depth was not different from the other 2 diets. Musculus longissimus area was greater (P < 0.05) in lambs fed the LSH diet than the CON diet. Whiteness (L*) of longissimus muscle was greater (P < 0.05) for lambs fed LSH than CON. In conclusion, using the sesame hulls could be beneficial because it decreased the cost of gain with no negative effects on performance or carcass characteristics. Therefore, sesame hulls could be considered as an alternative inexpensive feedstuff for fattening lambs.
Small Ruminant Research, 2013
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding Prosopis juliflora pods (PJP) on perform... more A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding Prosopis juliflora pods (PJP) on performance of nursing Awassi ewes and their lambs. Thirty Awassi ewes and their lambs were randomly assigned to one of the three dietary treatments being no PJP (PJP0; n = 10), 125 g/kg PJP (PJP125; n = 10), and 250 g/kg PJP (PJP250; n = 10) of the diets offered ad libitum in replace of the barley grain. The study lasted for 8 weeks. No differences occurred (P > 0.05) in dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and metabolizable energy (ME) intake among groups. However, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was higher (P < 0.05) for PJP250 than PJP0 diet, while PJP125 group was intermediate. Moreover, acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake was the highest (P < 0.05) in the PJP250. Intakes of NDF and ADF also increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing PJP content. Digestibility of DM, OM, CP, and NDF was similar among diets but ADF digestibility was lower (P < 0.05) in the PJP250 than the PJP0 diet. There were no differences in final body weight (BW) of ewes among groups. Awassi ewes fed the PJP0 diet lost less (P < 0.05) BW than ewes fed the PJP125 and PJP250 diets. Lambs fed the PJP125 and PJP250 diets had higher (P < 0.05) weaning BW and average BW gain than the PJP0 treatment group. Similarly, weaning BW and average BW gain increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing PJP content. Ewes fed the PJP250 diet had higher (P < 0.05) milk production than ewes fed the PJP0 and PJP125 diets with no differences among treatment groups in total solids, fat and protein content. Awassi ewes that received PJP250 diet had lower (P < 0.05) kilogram DM intake: kilogram milk production than PJP0, while PJP125 group was intermediate. Cost/kg milk production (US$) was the highest (P < 0.05) in PJP0 group compared with PJP125 or PJP250 groups. Results demonstrate the potential of including PJP as a feed ingredient for nursing Awassi ewes and their lambs due to the reduction in feed cost and the improvement in milk production.
Journal of Animal Science, 2018
Journal of dairy science, 2015
Two experiments investigated how plane of nutrition influences performance, leukocyte responses, ... more Two experiments investigated how plane of nutrition influences performance, leukocyte responses, and resistance to an oral Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium challenge. In experiment 1, 46 (2±1 d of age) calves were randomly assigned to 2 diets: a low (LPN; n=23) and high plane of nutrition (HPN; n=23). The LPN calves were fed 409 g/d of dry matter (DM) of a 20% crude protein and 20% fat milk replacer, whereas HPN calves were fed 610 and 735 g/d of DM of a 28% crude protein and 25% fat milk replacer during wk 1 and 2 to 6, respectively. In experiment 2, 20 bull calves (LPN; n=11 and HPN; n=9) were orally challenged on d 80 with 1.5×10(7) cfu of Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC #14028). The HPN calves had a greater incidence (87.5 vs. 45.5%) and duration of days with high fecal scores (5.5 vs. 3.5 d). The LPN calves had greater neutrophil surface expression of L-selectin on d 7, 21, and 42. Following the Salmonella Typhimurium challenge, calf starter DM intake was greater among the...
Journal of dairy science, 2014
The objective was to determine if outdoor group housing of Holstein calves influences metabolic s... more The objective was to determine if outdoor group housing of Holstein calves influences metabolic status, leukocyte responses, and behavior compared with individually housed calves. Forty-nine Holstein heifer calves (2 ± 1 d of age) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: individually housed (G1; n = 22) or group housed [3 calves per pen (G3); n = 27]. The space allowances per calf were 4.8 and 7.0m(2) for G1 and G3, respectively. All calves were offered an identical plane of milk replacer nutrition (747 and 1,010 g of DM/d of a 28% CP:20% fat milk replacer from wk 1 to 2 and wk 3 to 6, respectively). Weaning was initiated during wk 7 by removing the p.m. feeding and calves were completely weaned when they consumed 900 g of calf starter/d (as fed) for 2 consecutive days after d 54. At d 90, calves were commingled into random outdoor groups of 5 calves per pen. Peripheral blood was collected during the neonatal (d 3, 10, and 21), weaning (d 46, 48, and 54), and commingling periods...
Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2019
Background and objectives: A study was conducted to evaluate whether preeclampsia in pregnant wom... more Background and objectives: A study was conducted to evaluate whether preeclampsia in pregnant women is associated with dietary factors and antioxidant intake (vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin A, and selenium). Methods and results: In this caseecontrol study, a group of 79 pregnant Jordanian women (36 preeclamptic pregnant women and 43 healthy pregnant women aged 18e45 years with a gestational age !20th week of pregnancy) were recruited from the obstetrics and gynecology clinics at Royal Medical Services, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, Jordan. Information about socio-demographics, anthropometric measurements, biochemical measurements, nutritional intake, and dietary habits was collected through a structured interview. Three 24-hour dietary records were also made. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and dietary intake was analyzed using ESHA software. Prepregnancy BMI, age, multiple pregnancies, energy intake, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and sodium showed significant difference between preeclamptic pregnant women and healthy pregnant women. The odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) show that a strong association with preeclampsia exists for the intake of fat (OR Z 6.40, 95% CI: 1.85e22.17) and saturated fat (OR Z 3.35, 95% CI: 1.0e11.54). Inverse associations with preeclampsia were found for fruit intake (OR Z 0.16, 95% CI: 0.47e0.55) and olive oil intake (OR Z 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05e0.78). Conclusion: In this caseecontrol study in Jordanian pregnant women, preeclampsia was associated with a high intake of fat, saturated fat, and sodium and a low intake of fruits, fiber, vitamin C, B-carotene, and olive oil.
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2012
Objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of barley grain w... more Objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of barley grain with bread by-product (BB) on performance of Awassi ewes and their lambs. Forty Awassi ewes rearing single lambs were randomly allotted into four experimental diets containing various levels of BB. The experimental diets contained 0 (BB0), 10 (BB10), 15 (BB15), and 20% (BB20) of BB on dietary dry matter (DM). The study lasted for eight weeks, in which the first week was used as an adaptation period and seven weeks of data collection. Ewes and their lambs were penned individually where they were fed their lactating diets ad libitum. Ewes and lambs body weights were measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. However, milk production and composition were evaluated biweekly. Feeding BB had no effect (p>0.05) on dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP) intakes. However, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake was the lowest (p<0.05) for the BB20 and BB15 diets followed to BB10 diet (i.e., 640, 677, 772 g/d, respectively) while the highest NDF intake was for the BB0 diet (i.e., 825 g/d). Similarly, NDF intake decreased linearly (p<0.001) as the BB content increased. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake was highest (p<0.05) for the BB0 and BB10 diets (425 and 416 g/d, respectively) followed by the BB15 and BB20 diets (359 and 342 g/d, respectively). Moreover, a linear (p<0.001), quadratic (p = 0.04), and cubic (p = 0.04) effects were observed in ADF intake among diets. Nutrient digestibility was similar among different diets. Bread by-product had no effect (p>0.05) on ewes body weight change and on lamb performance (i.e., weaning body weight and average daily gain). Similarly, no differences (p>0.05) were observed either in milk production or composition by the BB substitution. Inclusion of BB reduced feed cost by 9, 14, and 18% for the BB10, BB15, and BB20 diets, respectively. No differences were observed in milk efficiency (DM intake: milk production; p>0.05) among diets. However, cost of milk production ($US/kg milk) was the lowest (p<0.05) in the diet containing BB20. Results of the present study indicate that feeding bread by-product up to 20% of the diet DM had no effect on performance of Awassi ewes and their lambs and reduced feed cost.
Journal of Animal Science, 2018
Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 2015
Awawdeh, M. S., Talafha, A. Q. and Obeidat, B. S. 2015. Postpartum injection with vitamin E and s... more Awawdeh, M. S., Talafha, A. Q. and Obeidat, B. S. 2015. Postpartum injection with vitamin E and selenium failed to improve the performance of Awassi ewes and their lambs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 111–115. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E and Se injection of nursing Awassi ewes on the performance of ewes (body weight change, milk yield, and composition) and their lambs (growth rate and weaning weight). Twenty-eight Awassi ewes were randomly assigned upon lambing to one of two groups; Control (n=13) and Inject (n=15), where ewes received 0 (control) or 15 plus 0.05 mg kg−1 BW of vitamin E and Se, respectively (inject). Intramuscular injections were given at 1 and 4 wk postpartum. Body weight (BW) of ewes and their lambs were recorded at lambing and at 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk postpartum. Milk yield and composition were measured at 2, 4, and 6 wk postpartum and somatic cell count (SCC) was evaluated weekly (from lambing through 8 wk). Injecting nursing ewes...
Animals
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal water restriction on sexual behavio... more The present study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal water restriction on sexual behavior, reproductive performance, and reproductive hormones of male rat offspring. Forty pregnant female rats were divided into two equal groups: Control (C) and water-restricted (WR). Control dams had ad libitum water access throughout pregnancy, while dams in the WR group were subjected to 50% water-restriction from day 10 of pregnancy onwards. The maternal water restriction provoked a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in body weight of dams before delivery and at birth and litter body weights of offspring at birth. Maternal water restriction did not affect relative weights of reproductive and body organs of male rat offspring. All hormonal concentrations, sperm count, and vitality in male rat offspring were not significantly affected by maternal water restriction. Maternal water restriction exposure induced significant (p < 0.05) reduction in intromission latency, intromission frequen...
Small Ruminant Research
Abstract A single-visit survey was conducted from June to October 2017 to estimate the kid and la... more Abstract A single-visit survey was conducted from June to October 2017 to estimate the kid and lamb mortalities, and identify major causes and risk factors in Karak governorate of Jordan. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 120 small ruminant farmers in addition to focus group discussions. Results showed that diseases, feed shortage, poor mothering, predators and insufficient milk provision were perceived to be the most important causes of mortality in kids and lambs. Among diseases, diarrhea and pneumonia, were the top causes of young stock death losses. The overall mean annual mortality rates were 27.4 kids and 8.2 lambs per 100 live births a year. Mortality rates were higher in kids than lambs and found to decrease with age categories. The overall mean annual mortality rates of male kids and lambs within and between production systems were significantly higher than their female counterparts (P
Animals
Two experiments were conducted to assess the influence of sesame meal (SM) feeding on nutrient di... more Two experiments were conducted to assess the influence of sesame meal (SM) feeding on nutrient digestibility, N balance, milk production and composition, ewes’ body weight change, and growth performance of lambs. In experiment 1, 18 ewe lambs were randomly distributed into three diets to evaluate the effects of soybean meal replacement with SM on nutrient intake, digestibility, and N balance. Treatments were no SM (SM0), 7.5% SM (SM7.5), or 15% SM (SM15) of the dietary dry matter (DM). Aside from intake and digestibility of ether extract (EE), which was greater in the SM-containing diets compared with SM0, intake and digestibility of the remaining nutrients was similar among dietary treatments. In experiment 2, 30 ewes suckling single lambs were randomly assigned to the same diets used in experiment 1. Intakes of DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were unaffected by treatment. Milk yield was greater in SM diets than in the SM0 diet. Cost/kg of milk ...
January-2020
Background and Aim: Goat is considered very important ruminant animals that are raised in Jordan;... more Background and Aim: Goat is considered very important ruminant animals that are raised in Jordan; however, the production of the local breeds is low to moderate, and thus, some genetic improvement programs could have a positive effect on the performance of the local breeds. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of crossing Baladi (BB) goat with Shami. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 newly weaned goat kids (15 BB and 15 Shami-Baladi [SB] kids) were evaluated for growth performance and carcass traits. The trial lasted for 77 days (7 days for adaptation and 70 days for data collection). Feed intake was measured on a daily basis; body weight of kids was measured at the beginning of the study and biweekly thereafter. At the end of the trial, kids were slaughtered to examine carcass traits. Results: Dry matter intake, initial weight, final weight, and average daily gain (ADG) were not affected by kid's breed type. In addition, breed type of kids showed no sign...
Veterinary World, Jun 10, 2021
Background and Aim: Grains, such as barley (BAR) and corn (CORN), are major energy sources for sm... more Background and Aim: Grains, such as barley (BAR) and corn (CORN), are major energy sources for small ruminants. This study aimed to assess the impact of feeding either BAR or CORN-based diets on growth performance and carcass characteristics.
Materials and Methods: Awassi male lambs, average body weight of 20.4±0.49 kg, were chosen randomly. Lambs were acclimated for 10 days and assigned to one of two diets (1) BAR and (2) CORN. Feeding continued for 70 days with 60 days of data collection. Daily intake was recorded. Measurements of body weight were taken starting from day 1 then once per week throughout the study period. On day 40, six lambs were randomly chosen from each group and placed in metabolism cages to assess digestibility and N balance. Lambs were slaughtered on the last day of the study to evaluate carcass characteristics and meat quality.
Results: Neutral and acid detergent fiber and ether extract intake were greater (p≤0.05) for lambs fed the BAR diets. Nitrogen loss in feces tended to be greater (p=0.09) for the CORN diet. Eye muscle depth (mm) tended to be greater (p=0.07) for the BAR diet. Nutrient digestibility, daily weight gain, carcass characteristics, and meat quality were not different (p≥0.1) between diets.
Conclusion: The results herein demonstrate that feeding BAR grain improved nutrient intake efficiency and consistency and did not affect weight gain and carcass traits. BAR-based diets might be a useful alternative to CORN for feeding growing lambs.
Journal of animal science, 2002
Understanding mechanisms that regulate growth and reproduction are important for improving select... more Understanding mechanisms that regulate growth and reproduction are important for improving selection strategies in cattle. In this study, Angus, Brangus, and Brahman bulls (n = 7 per breed) of similar age were selected from a group of 65 weanlings. Bulls were evaluated after weaning (i.e., approximately 6 mo of age) for 112 d for serum concentrations of metabolic hormones and glucose, growth, and reproductive traits. Performance data and blood sera were collected on d 0, 28, 56, 84, and 112. Sera were also collected in periods from d 50 to 59 (56D) and 103 to 112 (112D). Angus bulls were heavier (P < 0.05) throughout the study than Brahman bulls and were heavier than Brangus bulls on d 56, 84, and 112. Initial and final BW for Angus, Brangus, and Brahman bulls were 292.7, 260.6, and 230.4 and 468.3, 435.6, and 350.7 +/- 12 kg, respectively. Conversely, Brahman bulls had greater hip height (P < 0.05) than Brangus, and Brangus were taller (P < 0.05) than Angus. Angus bulls ha...
Small Ruminant Research, 2016
Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 2013
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of partial replacement of wheat hay wi... more The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of partial replacement of wheat hay with sun-dried (SOC) or acid-treated SOC (ASOC) olive cake on nutrient intake and performance of Awassi lambs. An additional objective was to study the effects of acid treatment of olive cake (OC) on its chemical composition and nutritive value. On DM basis, sun-drying of OC did not dramatically affect its chemical composition. On the other hand, treating SOC with phosphoric acid decreased (p<0.05) SOC contents of neutral detergent fiber. Twenty seven male lambs (17.6±0.75 kg body weight) individually housed in shaded pens were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments (9 lambs/treatment). Dietary treatments were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous by replacing 50% of wheat hay in the control diet (CTL) with SOC or ASOC and to meet all nutrient requirements. Dietary treatments had no effects on nutrient intake or digestibility except for ether extract. Lambs fed th...
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008
Twenty-one Awassi male lambs were used to evaluate the effect of replacing barely grains by Proso... more Twenty-one Awassi male lambs were used to evaluate the effect of replacing barely grains by Prosopis juliflora pods (PJP) on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass and meat characteristics. Lambs were fed finishing diets and assigned randomly to one of three ...
Animal Feed Science and Technology
Small Ruminant Research, 2010
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding sesame hulls (SH) on growth performanc... more This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding sesame hulls (SH) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Awassi lambs. Twenty-one Awassi lambs (age of 70 ± 4.53 days and initial body weight 18.6 ± 0.53 kg) were randomly allocated to 3 diets. Diet 1 served as a control and contained no SH (CON); diet 2 (low sesame hulls; LSH) and 3 (high sesame hulls; HSH) consisted of 12.5% and 25% SH, respectively. Lambs were housed in individual pens and consumed isonitrogenous diets ad libitum. At the end of the study all lambs were slaughtered to evaluate their carcass and meat characteristics. Lambs fed SH had higher (P < 0.05) intakes of DM and OM than the CON diet. Intakes of NDF and EE were greater (P < 0.05) for the HSH diet than for the CON and LSH diets. Average daily gain and ADG:DMI were comparable among all diets. Cost of gain was lower (P < 0.05) for the SH diet than for the CON diet. Digestibility of DM, OM and CP was similar among all diets. However, digestibility of NDF tended to be greater (P = 0.09) for the HSH than the CON and the LSH diets. Digestibility of EE was greater (P < 0.05) for the HSH diet than the CON diet while the LSH diet was not different from the other 2 diets. Longissimus muscle weight was greater (P < 0.05) for the LSH diet than for the CON diet while the HSH diet was not different from the other 2 diets. Rib fat depth tended to be greater (P < 0.10) for the LSH when compared to the CON diet, whereas rib fat depth was not different from the other 2 diets. Musculus longissimus area was greater (P < 0.05) in lambs fed the LSH diet than the CON diet. Whiteness (L*) of longissimus muscle was greater (P < 0.05) for lambs fed LSH than CON. In conclusion, using the sesame hulls could be beneficial because it decreased the cost of gain with no negative effects on performance or carcass characteristics. Therefore, sesame hulls could be considered as an alternative inexpensive feedstuff for fattening lambs.
Small Ruminant Research, 2013
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding Prosopis juliflora pods (PJP) on perform... more A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding Prosopis juliflora pods (PJP) on performance of nursing Awassi ewes and their lambs. Thirty Awassi ewes and their lambs were randomly assigned to one of the three dietary treatments being no PJP (PJP0; n = 10), 125 g/kg PJP (PJP125; n = 10), and 250 g/kg PJP (PJP250; n = 10) of the diets offered ad libitum in replace of the barley grain. The study lasted for 8 weeks. No differences occurred (P > 0.05) in dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and metabolizable energy (ME) intake among groups. However, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was higher (P < 0.05) for PJP250 than PJP0 diet, while PJP125 group was intermediate. Moreover, acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake was the highest (P < 0.05) in the PJP250. Intakes of NDF and ADF also increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing PJP content. Digestibility of DM, OM, CP, and NDF was similar among diets but ADF digestibility was lower (P < 0.05) in the PJP250 than the PJP0 diet. There were no differences in final body weight (BW) of ewes among groups. Awassi ewes fed the PJP0 diet lost less (P < 0.05) BW than ewes fed the PJP125 and PJP250 diets. Lambs fed the PJP125 and PJP250 diets had higher (P < 0.05) weaning BW and average BW gain than the PJP0 treatment group. Similarly, weaning BW and average BW gain increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing PJP content. Ewes fed the PJP250 diet had higher (P < 0.05) milk production than ewes fed the PJP0 and PJP125 diets with no differences among treatment groups in total solids, fat and protein content. Awassi ewes that received PJP250 diet had lower (P < 0.05) kilogram DM intake: kilogram milk production than PJP0, while PJP125 group was intermediate. Cost/kg milk production (US$) was the highest (P < 0.05) in PJP0 group compared with PJP125 or PJP250 groups. Results demonstrate the potential of including PJP as a feed ingredient for nursing Awassi ewes and their lambs due to the reduction in feed cost and the improvement in milk production.