Belgin Karabacakoğlu - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Belgin Karabacakoğlu

The availability of clean water is insufficient to meet our needs because of both the rapid popul... more The availability of clean water is insufficient to meet our needs because of both the rapid population growth and the advancement of technology. Heavy metals introduced into the water as a result of various activities cause major problems and create an unfavorable scenario in terms of sustainability. In this study, a specially designed electrodialysis cell was used to remove chromium (VI) and nickel (II) ions from effluents. The compartments were divided by Ionac MC 3470 cation exchange and Ionac MA 3475 anion exchange membranes. The cathode and anode were made of carbon fiber and stainless steel, respectively. The effects of voltage, initial pH, time, Na2SO4 concentration, feed flow rate, and metal ion concentration on metal removal efficiency, energy consumption, current efficiency, current density, and flux were investigated. The optimum values for 97.9% removal of 50 mg/L Cr (VI) ions in 90 minutes are voltage 25 V, pH = 3, Na2SO4 addition 0.1 g and feed flow rate 50.38 mL/min, ...

Electrocatalysis

The electrocoagulation method using stainless steel anodes was applied to a corrugated cardboard ... more The electrocoagulation method using stainless steel anodes was applied to a corrugated cardboard box manufacturing plant's wastewater with high COD content. The effects of current density, processing time and stirring speed on response functions were studied using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and energy consumption were selected as response functions. The Central Composite Design (CCD) was chosen to explain the single and combined effects of independent variables on response functions. The COD concentration of the real industrial wastewater used in the experiments was 9130 mg L −1. The maximum COD removal efficiency of 91.6% is obtained with 19.78 Wh g −1 energy consumption. Current density and treatment time were effective parameters for both COD removal and energy consumption. Optimization for maximum COD removal with minimum energy consumption showed 80.9% of COD removal with 6.7 Wh g −1 of energy consumption at 15 mA cm −2 , 700 rpm, and 28 min treatment time. The variables are optimized with a few experiments using the response surface method.

Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2011

Activated carbons were produced from olive bagasse and their characteristics were investigated. O... more Activated carbons were produced from olive bagasse and their characteristics were investigated. Olive bagasse was first carbonized at 500°C in N2 atmosphere. Then, the obtained chars were activated with steam. The effects of activation temperature and duration were examined. The resultant activated carbons were characterized by measuring their porosities and pore size distributions. The activated carbons produced had the BET

Ohs academy, Aug 30, 2022

Makale Tarihçesi Öz-Günlük yaşamımızda yaptığımız tüketimler sonucu çeşitli evsel atıklar oluşmak... more Makale Tarihçesi Öz-Günlük yaşamımızda yaptığımız tüketimler sonucu çeşitli evsel atıklar oluşmaktadır. Oluşan bu atıkların insan ve çevre sağlığı açısından tehdit oluşturmayacak şekilde toplanması, taşınması ve bertarafı büyük önem taşımaktadır. Her sektörde olduğu gibi atık sektöründe çalışan personel de fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik risk etmenleri ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Katı atık düzenli depolama tesislerinde her ne kadar fiziksel risk etmenleri sayısı daha fazla olsa da en tehlikelisi biyolojik risk etmenleridir. Atık sektöründe çalışan personel patojen mikroorganizmalar nedeniyle enfeksiyon ve buna bağlı riskler ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu riskin önlenebilmesi için periyodik sağlık muayeneleri başta olmak üzere gerekli kişisel koruyucu donanımın (KKD) tedarik edilmesi, gerekli hijyen ortamının oluşturulması ve eğitim verilmesi en önemli unsurlardır. Fiziksel risk etmenleri içerisinde de kesici-delicilerle yaralanmalar ve katı atık depolama sahalarında yangın ihtimalidir. Evsel atıklar içerisinde tehlikeli kimyasalların bulunması kimyasal maddenin türüne göre çeşitli riskler oluşturabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada evsel katı atık sektöründe toplamadan bertarafa kadar olan basamaklardaki fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik risk etmenleri belirlenmiş; bu tehlikelere karşı çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir.

Activated carbon was prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation with ZnCl 2 as activat... more Activated carbon was prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation with ZnCl 2 as activating agent at 600 o C and 3/1 impregnation ratio. Bagasse was obtained from oil factory in Karadeniz Region. The surface area of activated carbon was 1489 m 2 /g. Prepared activated carbon was used to remove Acid blue 350 (Sandolan Blue) from aqueous solutions and adsorption behaviour of dye onto the porous carbon was studied by varying the parameters such as pH, agitation time, dye concentration and temperature. Acidic pH was favourable for the adsorption of Sandolan Blue. The amounts of dye adsorbed increased with increase in both dye concentration and temperature. The kinetic data and equilibrium data on batch adsorption studies were carried out to understand the adsorption process. To investigate the mechanism of dye adsorption characteristic, adsorption constants were determined using pseudo firstorder, pseudo second-order and intraparticle diffusion model. Adsorption isotherms of Acid blue 350 (Sandolan blue) on activated carbon were determined and correlated with common isotherms equations. It was found that the Langmuir model appears to fit the isotherm data better than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of dye was 450 mg/g at temperature of 45 o C and pH value of 2. The present study shows that the activated carbon derived from hazelnut bagasse is an effective low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Sandolan Blue from aqueous solution.

Bu calismada, oluklu mukavva kutu uretim tesisi atik suyunun elektrokoagulasyon yontemi ile ariti... more Bu calismada, oluklu mukavva kutu uretim tesisi atik suyunun elektrokoagulasyon yontemi ile aritilabilirligi incelenmistir. Ayrica elektrot turu, uygulanan gerilim, islem zamani ve destek elektrolit(NaCl) ilavesinin KOI giderim yuzdesi ve enerji tuketimine olan etkileri arastirilmistir. Sonuc olarak; oluklu mukavva kutu uretimi atiksularinin elektrokoagulasyon yontemi ile yaklasik %90’a kadar aritiminin yapilabilecegi ve ozellikle enerji tuketimi bakimindan paslanmaz celik elektrotlarin kullaniminin daha uygun oldugu gorulmustur.

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008

In this study, activated carbon was prepared from olive bagasse by physical activation of steam. ... more In this study, activated carbon was prepared from olive bagasse by physical activation of steam. The pore properties including the BET surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution and average pore diameter were characterized. BET surface area of the activated carbon was determined as 718 m 2 /g. The removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by adsorption has been studied. The effects of pH, contact time and temperature on adsorption of Cr(VI) were investigated. The maximum adsorption yield was obtained at the initial pH of 2. The adsorption kinetics shows that pseudo-second order rate expression fitted the adsorption kinetics. Equilibrium isotherms were measured experimentally. Results were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Redushkevich, Temkin and Frumkin equations using linearized correlation coefficient at different temperatures. The characteristics parameters for each isotherm have been determined. Models and isotherm constants were evaluated depending on tempera...

Turkish Journal of Chemistry, 2001

Cobalt(III) acetate, which is an important oxidizing agent and catalyst in organic reactions, was... more Cobalt(III) acetate, which is an important oxidizing agent and catalyst in organic reactions, was electrosynthesized from cobalt(II) acetate solution in a bipolar packed-bed flow reactor. In order to determine the effect of the number of layers on the yield of cobalt(III) acetate, experiments were performed in three different lengths of bipolar electrode cells, namely 16, 29 and 55 layers of graphite Raschig rings. The experiments were carried out at controlled potentials of 50-450 V, measuring the total current and using the solution (5% H2O, 95% CH3COOH, 0.06MCo(CH3COO)2.4H2O, 0.2M CH3COONa.3H2O) at 298 K and 0.133 L.h-1 flow rate. According to the experimental results, the production of cobalt(III) acetate with the conversion ratio of 43% and the space-time yield of 35.9 kg.m-3.h-1 showed that 29 layers was the optimum.

In this study, the treatment of the corrugated cardboard box manufacturing plant wastewater by co... more In this study, the treatment of the corrugated cardboard box manufacturing plant wastewater by coagulation method was examined. The wastewater used in this work was provided from a local corrugated box plant located in the city of Eskisehir (Turkey). The COD concentration of the used wastewater was 4206 mg/L, and the pH was 8.3. The effects of operation parameters such as coagulant type and concentration, pH, amount of coagulant aid on COD removal and sludge generation quantities were investigated. Aluminum sulfate (50 mg/L to 1000 mg/L), aluminum chloride (50 mg/L to 1000 mg/L), ferric chloride (12.5 mg/L to 300 mg/L) and starch (100 mg/L to 1500 mg/L) were used as coagulants. A commercial polyelectrolyte (5 mg to 25 mg) was used as a coagulant aid in the experiments. Optimum COD removal was obtained as 78.6% in the experiments that the alum was used as coagulant. More than 60% removal was realized from the experiments that ferric chloride, aluminum chloride and starch were used...

Bu calismada granul aktif karbon uzerine Ni(II) iyonlarinin sulu cozeltiden adsorpsiyonu incelenm... more Bu calismada granul aktif karbon uzerine Ni(II) iyonlarinin sulu cozeltiden adsorpsiyonu incelenmistir. Yapilan calismalarda; cozelti pH’i, denge suresi ve ortam sicakliginin adsorpsiyon uzerine etkileri incelenmis; izoterm verilerine Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm modelleri uygulanarak sabitleri hesaplanmistir. Kinetik veriler yalanci 1. ve yalanci 2. mertebe modellerine gore analiz edilmistir. Elde edilen sonuclara gore, Ni(II) iyonlarinin adsorpsiyonunun cozeltinin pH=5 degerinde en yuksek oldugu bulunmustur. Izotermleri en iyi Langmuir modelinin temsil ettigi, adsorpsiyonun 24 saatte dengeye ulastigi gozlenmis ve kinetik verilerin yalanci 2. mertebe modeline daha iyi uydugu belirlenmistir

Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology-A Applied Sciences and Engineering, 2015

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

ABSTRACT

Wastewater containing phenolic compounds presents a serious discharge problem due to their poor b... more Wastewater containing phenolic compounds presents a serious discharge problem due to their poor biodegradability, high toxicity and ecological aspects. In this study, the adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution on activated carbon obtained from hazelnut bagasse activated with ZnCl 2 was investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out at constant pH value under varying experimental conditions of contact time, phenol concentration, temperature and adsorbent dose. Adsorption equilibrium was reached within 300 min. Studies showed that the removal efficiency of phenol increased with increase in adsorbent dose and phenol concentration. Temperature was not affected significantly phenol removal. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were applied to the experimental data. Both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models adequately fit to the adsorption data for all temperatures. The adsorption capacities calculated from Langmuir equation were found to be 97.36, 91.32 and 99.27 mg/g for 25, 35 and 45 o C, respectively. The adsorption kinetics were examined at three different phenol concentrations (300, 400 and 600 mg/L). The kinetic models such as pseudo first order and pseudo second order model were fitted to identify the mechanism of adsorption process; the adsorption of phenol obeyed pseudo second order rate equation for all concentration range. The present study shows that the activated carbon derived from hazelnut bagasse can be used as low-cost adsorbent for adsorption of phenol.

Activated carbon was prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation with ZnCl 2 as activat... more Activated carbon was prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation with ZnCl 2 as activating agent at 600 o C and 3/1 impregnation ratio. Bagasse was obtained from oil factory in Karadeniz Region. The surface area of activated carbon was 1489 m 2 /g. Prepared activated carbon was used to remove Acid blue 350 (Sandolan Blue) from aqueous solutions and adsorption behaviour of dye onto the porous carbon was studied by varying the parameters such as pH, agitation time, dye concentration and temperature. Acidic pH was favourable for the adsorption of Sandolan Blue. The amounts of dye adsorbed increased with increase in both dye concentration and temperature. The kinetic data and equilibrium data on batch adsorption studies were carried out to understand the adsorption process. To investigate the mechanism of dye adsorption characteristic, adsorption constants were determined using pseudo firstorder, pseudo second-order and intraparticle diffusion model. Adsorption isotherms of Acid blue 350 (Sandolan blue) on activated carbon were determined and correlated with common isotherms equations. It was found that the Langmuir model appears to fit the isotherm data better than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of dye was 450 mg/g at temperature of 45 o C and pH value of 2. The present study shows that the activated carbon derived from hazelnut bagasse is an effective low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Sandolan Blue from aqueous solution.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014

Surface and Interface Analysis, 2008

ABSTRACT

Desalination and Water Treatment, 2014

The availability of clean water is insufficient to meet our needs because of both the rapid popul... more The availability of clean water is insufficient to meet our needs because of both the rapid population growth and the advancement of technology. Heavy metals introduced into the water as a result of various activities cause major problems and create an unfavorable scenario in terms of sustainability. In this study, a specially designed electrodialysis cell was used to remove chromium (VI) and nickel (II) ions from effluents. The compartments were divided by Ionac MC 3470 cation exchange and Ionac MA 3475 anion exchange membranes. The cathode and anode were made of carbon fiber and stainless steel, respectively. The effects of voltage, initial pH, time, Na2SO4 concentration, feed flow rate, and metal ion concentration on metal removal efficiency, energy consumption, current efficiency, current density, and flux were investigated. The optimum values for 97.9% removal of 50 mg/L Cr (VI) ions in 90 minutes are voltage 25 V, pH = 3, Na2SO4 addition 0.1 g and feed flow rate 50.38 mL/min, ...

Electrocatalysis

The electrocoagulation method using stainless steel anodes was applied to a corrugated cardboard ... more The electrocoagulation method using stainless steel anodes was applied to a corrugated cardboard box manufacturing plant's wastewater with high COD content. The effects of current density, processing time and stirring speed on response functions were studied using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and energy consumption were selected as response functions. The Central Composite Design (CCD) was chosen to explain the single and combined effects of independent variables on response functions. The COD concentration of the real industrial wastewater used in the experiments was 9130 mg L −1. The maximum COD removal efficiency of 91.6% is obtained with 19.78 Wh g −1 energy consumption. Current density and treatment time were effective parameters for both COD removal and energy consumption. Optimization for maximum COD removal with minimum energy consumption showed 80.9% of COD removal with 6.7 Wh g −1 of energy consumption at 15 mA cm −2 , 700 rpm, and 28 min treatment time. The variables are optimized with a few experiments using the response surface method.

Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2011

Activated carbons were produced from olive bagasse and their characteristics were investigated. O... more Activated carbons were produced from olive bagasse and their characteristics were investigated. Olive bagasse was first carbonized at 500°C in N2 atmosphere. Then, the obtained chars were activated with steam. The effects of activation temperature and duration were examined. The resultant activated carbons were characterized by measuring their porosities and pore size distributions. The activated carbons produced had the BET

Ohs academy, Aug 30, 2022

Makale Tarihçesi Öz-Günlük yaşamımızda yaptığımız tüketimler sonucu çeşitli evsel atıklar oluşmak... more Makale Tarihçesi Öz-Günlük yaşamımızda yaptığımız tüketimler sonucu çeşitli evsel atıklar oluşmaktadır. Oluşan bu atıkların insan ve çevre sağlığı açısından tehdit oluşturmayacak şekilde toplanması, taşınması ve bertarafı büyük önem taşımaktadır. Her sektörde olduğu gibi atık sektöründe çalışan personel de fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik risk etmenleri ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Katı atık düzenli depolama tesislerinde her ne kadar fiziksel risk etmenleri sayısı daha fazla olsa da en tehlikelisi biyolojik risk etmenleridir. Atık sektöründe çalışan personel patojen mikroorganizmalar nedeniyle enfeksiyon ve buna bağlı riskler ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu riskin önlenebilmesi için periyodik sağlık muayeneleri başta olmak üzere gerekli kişisel koruyucu donanımın (KKD) tedarik edilmesi, gerekli hijyen ortamının oluşturulması ve eğitim verilmesi en önemli unsurlardır. Fiziksel risk etmenleri içerisinde de kesici-delicilerle yaralanmalar ve katı atık depolama sahalarında yangın ihtimalidir. Evsel atıklar içerisinde tehlikeli kimyasalların bulunması kimyasal maddenin türüne göre çeşitli riskler oluşturabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada evsel katı atık sektöründe toplamadan bertarafa kadar olan basamaklardaki fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik risk etmenleri belirlenmiş; bu tehlikelere karşı çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir.

Activated carbon was prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation with ZnCl 2 as activat... more Activated carbon was prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation with ZnCl 2 as activating agent at 600 o C and 3/1 impregnation ratio. Bagasse was obtained from oil factory in Karadeniz Region. The surface area of activated carbon was 1489 m 2 /g. Prepared activated carbon was used to remove Acid blue 350 (Sandolan Blue) from aqueous solutions and adsorption behaviour of dye onto the porous carbon was studied by varying the parameters such as pH, agitation time, dye concentration and temperature. Acidic pH was favourable for the adsorption of Sandolan Blue. The amounts of dye adsorbed increased with increase in both dye concentration and temperature. The kinetic data and equilibrium data on batch adsorption studies were carried out to understand the adsorption process. To investigate the mechanism of dye adsorption characteristic, adsorption constants were determined using pseudo firstorder, pseudo second-order and intraparticle diffusion model. Adsorption isotherms of Acid blue 350 (Sandolan blue) on activated carbon were determined and correlated with common isotherms equations. It was found that the Langmuir model appears to fit the isotherm data better than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of dye was 450 mg/g at temperature of 45 o C and pH value of 2. The present study shows that the activated carbon derived from hazelnut bagasse is an effective low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Sandolan Blue from aqueous solution.

Bu calismada, oluklu mukavva kutu uretim tesisi atik suyunun elektrokoagulasyon yontemi ile ariti... more Bu calismada, oluklu mukavva kutu uretim tesisi atik suyunun elektrokoagulasyon yontemi ile aritilabilirligi incelenmistir. Ayrica elektrot turu, uygulanan gerilim, islem zamani ve destek elektrolit(NaCl) ilavesinin KOI giderim yuzdesi ve enerji tuketimine olan etkileri arastirilmistir. Sonuc olarak; oluklu mukavva kutu uretimi atiksularinin elektrokoagulasyon yontemi ile yaklasik %90’a kadar aritiminin yapilabilecegi ve ozellikle enerji tuketimi bakimindan paslanmaz celik elektrotlarin kullaniminin daha uygun oldugu gorulmustur.

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008

In this study, activated carbon was prepared from olive bagasse by physical activation of steam. ... more In this study, activated carbon was prepared from olive bagasse by physical activation of steam. The pore properties including the BET surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution and average pore diameter were characterized. BET surface area of the activated carbon was determined as 718 m 2 /g. The removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by adsorption has been studied. The effects of pH, contact time and temperature on adsorption of Cr(VI) were investigated. The maximum adsorption yield was obtained at the initial pH of 2. The adsorption kinetics shows that pseudo-second order rate expression fitted the adsorption kinetics. Equilibrium isotherms were measured experimentally. Results were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Redushkevich, Temkin and Frumkin equations using linearized correlation coefficient at different temperatures. The characteristics parameters for each isotherm have been determined. Models and isotherm constants were evaluated depending on tempera...

Turkish Journal of Chemistry, 2001

Cobalt(III) acetate, which is an important oxidizing agent and catalyst in organic reactions, was... more Cobalt(III) acetate, which is an important oxidizing agent and catalyst in organic reactions, was electrosynthesized from cobalt(II) acetate solution in a bipolar packed-bed flow reactor. In order to determine the effect of the number of layers on the yield of cobalt(III) acetate, experiments were performed in three different lengths of bipolar electrode cells, namely 16, 29 and 55 layers of graphite Raschig rings. The experiments were carried out at controlled potentials of 50-450 V, measuring the total current and using the solution (5% H2O, 95% CH3COOH, 0.06MCo(CH3COO)2.4H2O, 0.2M CH3COONa.3H2O) at 298 K and 0.133 L.h-1 flow rate. According to the experimental results, the production of cobalt(III) acetate with the conversion ratio of 43% and the space-time yield of 35.9 kg.m-3.h-1 showed that 29 layers was the optimum.

In this study, the treatment of the corrugated cardboard box manufacturing plant wastewater by co... more In this study, the treatment of the corrugated cardboard box manufacturing plant wastewater by coagulation method was examined. The wastewater used in this work was provided from a local corrugated box plant located in the city of Eskisehir (Turkey). The COD concentration of the used wastewater was 4206 mg/L, and the pH was 8.3. The effects of operation parameters such as coagulant type and concentration, pH, amount of coagulant aid on COD removal and sludge generation quantities were investigated. Aluminum sulfate (50 mg/L to 1000 mg/L), aluminum chloride (50 mg/L to 1000 mg/L), ferric chloride (12.5 mg/L to 300 mg/L) and starch (100 mg/L to 1500 mg/L) were used as coagulants. A commercial polyelectrolyte (5 mg to 25 mg) was used as a coagulant aid in the experiments. Optimum COD removal was obtained as 78.6% in the experiments that the alum was used as coagulant. More than 60% removal was realized from the experiments that ferric chloride, aluminum chloride and starch were used...

Bu calismada granul aktif karbon uzerine Ni(II) iyonlarinin sulu cozeltiden adsorpsiyonu incelenm... more Bu calismada granul aktif karbon uzerine Ni(II) iyonlarinin sulu cozeltiden adsorpsiyonu incelenmistir. Yapilan calismalarda; cozelti pH’i, denge suresi ve ortam sicakliginin adsorpsiyon uzerine etkileri incelenmis; izoterm verilerine Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm modelleri uygulanarak sabitleri hesaplanmistir. Kinetik veriler yalanci 1. ve yalanci 2. mertebe modellerine gore analiz edilmistir. Elde edilen sonuclara gore, Ni(II) iyonlarinin adsorpsiyonunun cozeltinin pH=5 degerinde en yuksek oldugu bulunmustur. Izotermleri en iyi Langmuir modelinin temsil ettigi, adsorpsiyonun 24 saatte dengeye ulastigi gozlenmis ve kinetik verilerin yalanci 2. mertebe modeline daha iyi uydugu belirlenmistir

Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology-A Applied Sciences and Engineering, 2015

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

ABSTRACT

Wastewater containing phenolic compounds presents a serious discharge problem due to their poor b... more Wastewater containing phenolic compounds presents a serious discharge problem due to their poor biodegradability, high toxicity and ecological aspects. In this study, the adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution on activated carbon obtained from hazelnut bagasse activated with ZnCl 2 was investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out at constant pH value under varying experimental conditions of contact time, phenol concentration, temperature and adsorbent dose. Adsorption equilibrium was reached within 300 min. Studies showed that the removal efficiency of phenol increased with increase in adsorbent dose and phenol concentration. Temperature was not affected significantly phenol removal. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were applied to the experimental data. Both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models adequately fit to the adsorption data for all temperatures. The adsorption capacities calculated from Langmuir equation were found to be 97.36, 91.32 and 99.27 mg/g for 25, 35 and 45 o C, respectively. The adsorption kinetics were examined at three different phenol concentrations (300, 400 and 600 mg/L). The kinetic models such as pseudo first order and pseudo second order model were fitted to identify the mechanism of adsorption process; the adsorption of phenol obeyed pseudo second order rate equation for all concentration range. The present study shows that the activated carbon derived from hazelnut bagasse can be used as low-cost adsorbent for adsorption of phenol.

Activated carbon was prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation with ZnCl 2 as activat... more Activated carbon was prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activation with ZnCl 2 as activating agent at 600 o C and 3/1 impregnation ratio. Bagasse was obtained from oil factory in Karadeniz Region. The surface area of activated carbon was 1489 m 2 /g. Prepared activated carbon was used to remove Acid blue 350 (Sandolan Blue) from aqueous solutions and adsorption behaviour of dye onto the porous carbon was studied by varying the parameters such as pH, agitation time, dye concentration and temperature. Acidic pH was favourable for the adsorption of Sandolan Blue. The amounts of dye adsorbed increased with increase in both dye concentration and temperature. The kinetic data and equilibrium data on batch adsorption studies were carried out to understand the adsorption process. To investigate the mechanism of dye adsorption characteristic, adsorption constants were determined using pseudo firstorder, pseudo second-order and intraparticle diffusion model. Adsorption isotherms of Acid blue 350 (Sandolan blue) on activated carbon were determined and correlated with common isotherms equations. It was found that the Langmuir model appears to fit the isotherm data better than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of dye was 450 mg/g at temperature of 45 o C and pH value of 2. The present study shows that the activated carbon derived from hazelnut bagasse is an effective low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Sandolan Blue from aqueous solution.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014

Surface and Interface Analysis, 2008

ABSTRACT

Desalination and Water Treatment, 2014