Belkis Aracena - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Belkis Aracena
Cadernos de Saúde Pública
El objetivo fue estimar el costo médico directo de la atención a embarazos atribuibles a la falla... more El objetivo fue estimar el costo médico directo de la atención a embarazos atribuibles a la falla en la política de prevención de embarazos adolescentes en México. Estudio económico que estimó, desde la perspectiva del proveedor, el costo medio de atención prenatal, parto, puerperio, aborto y complicaciones. Para cuantificar los costos atribuibles a la falla de la política, se construyeron tres escenarios: (a) embarazos totales; (b) embarazos por arriba de la meta; (c) embarazos no deseados. También se estimó el costo de proveer anticonceptivos y se describieron características de las adolescentes embarazadas. De las adolescentes (n = 5.477.027), 30,2% había iniciado vida sexual; 46,8% usaba anticonceptivo; 44,1% se había embarazado y 9,1% abortó. La mayoría de embarazadas (65%) estudió secundaria o menos; 30% abandonó la escuela; 72,5% vivían en pareja; 72,3% presentó complicaciones. El costo medio de atención del embarazo se estimó en USD 2.210,55 y el de proveer anticonceptivos e...
Revue internationale de politique de développement
Salud Publica De Mexico, 2010
Salud Publica De Mexico, Nov 4, 2010
Objective. To estimate the annual cost of treating patients with cirrhosis at the Mexican Institu... more Objective. To estimate the annual cost of treating patients with cirrhosis at the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS per its abbreviation in Spanish). Material and Methods. The annual cost of treating three stages of cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A, Child-Pugh B and Child-Pugh C) was estimated using micro-costing techniques and medical experts. These results were compared and contrasted with prices reported by IMSS. Results.
PLOS ONE, 2016
Objective To analyze whether the changes observed in the level and distribution of resources for ... more Objective To analyze whether the changes observed in the level and distribution of resources for maternal health and family planning (MHFP) programs from 2003 to 2012 were consistent with the financial goals of the related policies. Materials and Methods A longitudinal descriptive analysis of the Mexican Reproductive Health Subaccounts 2003-2012 was performed by financing scheme and health function. Financing schemes included social security, government schemes, household out-of-pocket (OOP) payments, and private insurance plans. Functions were preventive care, including family planning, antenatal and puerperium health services, normal and cesarean deliveries, and treatment of complications. Changes in the financial imbalance indicators covered by MHFP policy were tracked: (a) public and OOP expenditures as percentages of total MHFP spending; (b) public expenditure per woman of reproductive age (WoRA, 15-49 years) by financing scheme; (c) public expenditure on treating complications as a percentage of preventive care; and (d) public expenditure on WoRA at state level. Statistical analyses of trends and distributions were performed. Results Public expenditure on government schemes grew by approximately 300%, and the financial imbalance between populations covered by social security and government schemes decreased. The financial burden on households declined, particularly among households without social security. Expenditure on preventive care grew by 16%, narrowing the PLOS ONE |
Reproductive Health Matters, 2009
An assessment of abortion outcomes and costs to the health care system in Mexico City was conduct... more An assessment of abortion outcomes and costs to the health care system in Mexico City was conducted in 2005 at a mix of public and private facilities prior to the legalisation of abortion. Data were obtained from hospital staff, administrative records and patients. Direct cost estimates included personnel, drugs, disposable supplies, and medical equipment for inducing abortion or treating incomplete abortions and other complications. Indirect patient costs for travel, childcare and lost wages were also estimated. The average cost per abortion with dilatation and curettage was
Archives of Medical Research, 2005
Background. The Mexican government is offering universal access to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. Th... more Background. The Mexican government is offering universal access to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. The cost of doing so, despite aggressive price negotiation with the pharmaceutical industry, remains high. Even with a low prevalence, about 150,000 Mexicans are estimated to be living with HIV and will require ARV treatment. Estimating the resources needed to fund this gap should consider how patient and provider characteristics affect health care costs. Methods. Using a sample of patients from 11 facilities in three Mexican cities representing a large proportion of AIDS patients in the country, we developed a fixed-effect model, which by controlling the facilities and individual heterogeneity estimates predicted costs using patient demographic and socioeconomic characteristics as well as physician training. Results. The estimated model explains about 45% of the variation in costs. Additional education is significantly and positively associated with cost. Increasing age is also associated with higher costs. Conclusions. Socioeconomic status and demographic characteristics explain an important proportion of variation in care costs for AIDS, despite AIDS being such a heterogeneous disease. Such characteristics will need to be taken into account when resource needs are estimated. A priority-setting process considering the principles of equity in the fair distribution of resources is needed to help reduce the social burden of HIV/AIDS in Mexico. Ć 2005 IMSS.
Salud Pública de …, 2010
... MD, MGDS I ; Yvonne N Flores, PhD I,II ; Belkis Aracena, MCs, MA III ; Víctor Granados-García... more ... MD, MGDS I ; Yvonne N Flores, PhD I,II ; Belkis Aracena, MCs, MA III ; Víctor Granados-García, MCs IV ; Jorge Salmerón, MD, DrSc I ; Ruth Pérez, MA V ... Mould-Quevedo JF, García-Peña C,Contreras-Hernández I, Juárez-Cedillo T, Espinel-Bermúdez C, Morales-Cisneros ...
Revue internationale de politique de développement
Objective This study aimed to estimate the magnitude of the association between overall household... more Objective This study aimed to estimate the magnitude of the association between overall household health expenditures & the presence of members with a chronic disease in the household. Research design & methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of a probabilistic household survey, which gathered data on previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension as well as health expenditure in Mexico. From an analytic sample of 44,000 households, we identified those having at least one member with diabetes or hypertension and determined their health expenditure. Using matching procedures, we compared these data with those of households lacking such individuals. Results We found that 24% of the households had at least one member who had been diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, or both. Households with such members reported health expenditures that were 25%–34% (P <0.01) higher than households without such individuals. Such differences were more pronounced among households...
Cadernos de Saúde Pública
El objetivo fue estimar el costo médico directo de la atención a embarazos atribuibles a la falla... more El objetivo fue estimar el costo médico directo de la atención a embarazos atribuibles a la falla en la política de prevención de embarazos adolescentes en México. Estudio económico que estimó, desde la perspectiva del proveedor, el costo medio de atención prenatal, parto, puerperio, aborto y complicaciones. Para cuantificar los costos atribuibles a la falla de la política, se construyeron tres escenarios: (a) embarazos totales; (b) embarazos por arriba de la meta; (c) embarazos no deseados. También se estimó el costo de proveer anticonceptivos y se describieron características de las adolescentes embarazadas. De las adolescentes (n = 5.477.027), 30,2% había iniciado vida sexual; 46,8% usaba anticonceptivo; 44,1% se había embarazado y 9,1% abortó. La mayoría de embarazadas (65%) estudió secundaria o menos; 30% abandonó la escuela; 72,5% vivían en pareja; 72,3% presentó complicaciones. El costo medio de atención del embarazo se estimó en USD 2.210,55 y el de proveer anticonceptivos e...
Revue internationale de politique de développement
Salud Publica De Mexico, 2010
Salud Publica De Mexico, Nov 4, 2010
Objective. To estimate the annual cost of treating patients with cirrhosis at the Mexican Institu... more Objective. To estimate the annual cost of treating patients with cirrhosis at the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS per its abbreviation in Spanish). Material and Methods. The annual cost of treating three stages of cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A, Child-Pugh B and Child-Pugh C) was estimated using micro-costing techniques and medical experts. These results were compared and contrasted with prices reported by IMSS. Results.
PLOS ONE, 2016
Objective To analyze whether the changes observed in the level and distribution of resources for ... more Objective To analyze whether the changes observed in the level and distribution of resources for maternal health and family planning (MHFP) programs from 2003 to 2012 were consistent with the financial goals of the related policies. Materials and Methods A longitudinal descriptive analysis of the Mexican Reproductive Health Subaccounts 2003-2012 was performed by financing scheme and health function. Financing schemes included social security, government schemes, household out-of-pocket (OOP) payments, and private insurance plans. Functions were preventive care, including family planning, antenatal and puerperium health services, normal and cesarean deliveries, and treatment of complications. Changes in the financial imbalance indicators covered by MHFP policy were tracked: (a) public and OOP expenditures as percentages of total MHFP spending; (b) public expenditure per woman of reproductive age (WoRA, 15-49 years) by financing scheme; (c) public expenditure on treating complications as a percentage of preventive care; and (d) public expenditure on WoRA at state level. Statistical analyses of trends and distributions were performed. Results Public expenditure on government schemes grew by approximately 300%, and the financial imbalance between populations covered by social security and government schemes decreased. The financial burden on households declined, particularly among households without social security. Expenditure on preventive care grew by 16%, narrowing the PLOS ONE |
Reproductive Health Matters, 2009
An assessment of abortion outcomes and costs to the health care system in Mexico City was conduct... more An assessment of abortion outcomes and costs to the health care system in Mexico City was conducted in 2005 at a mix of public and private facilities prior to the legalisation of abortion. Data were obtained from hospital staff, administrative records and patients. Direct cost estimates included personnel, drugs, disposable supplies, and medical equipment for inducing abortion or treating incomplete abortions and other complications. Indirect patient costs for travel, childcare and lost wages were also estimated. The average cost per abortion with dilatation and curettage was
Archives of Medical Research, 2005
Background. The Mexican government is offering universal access to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. Th... more Background. The Mexican government is offering universal access to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. The cost of doing so, despite aggressive price negotiation with the pharmaceutical industry, remains high. Even with a low prevalence, about 150,000 Mexicans are estimated to be living with HIV and will require ARV treatment. Estimating the resources needed to fund this gap should consider how patient and provider characteristics affect health care costs. Methods. Using a sample of patients from 11 facilities in three Mexican cities representing a large proportion of AIDS patients in the country, we developed a fixed-effect model, which by controlling the facilities and individual heterogeneity estimates predicted costs using patient demographic and socioeconomic characteristics as well as physician training. Results. The estimated model explains about 45% of the variation in costs. Additional education is significantly and positively associated with cost. Increasing age is also associated with higher costs. Conclusions. Socioeconomic status and demographic characteristics explain an important proportion of variation in care costs for AIDS, despite AIDS being such a heterogeneous disease. Such characteristics will need to be taken into account when resource needs are estimated. A priority-setting process considering the principles of equity in the fair distribution of resources is needed to help reduce the social burden of HIV/AIDS in Mexico. Ć 2005 IMSS.
Salud Pública de …, 2010
... MD, MGDS I ; Yvonne N Flores, PhD I,II ; Belkis Aracena, MCs, MA III ; Víctor Granados-García... more ... MD, MGDS I ; Yvonne N Flores, PhD I,II ; Belkis Aracena, MCs, MA III ; Víctor Granados-García, MCs IV ; Jorge Salmerón, MD, DrSc I ; Ruth Pérez, MA V ... Mould-Quevedo JF, García-Peña C,Contreras-Hernández I, Juárez-Cedillo T, Espinel-Bermúdez C, Morales-Cisneros ...
Revue internationale de politique de développement
Objective This study aimed to estimate the magnitude of the association between overall household... more Objective This study aimed to estimate the magnitude of the association between overall household health expenditures & the presence of members with a chronic disease in the household. Research design & methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of a probabilistic household survey, which gathered data on previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension as well as health expenditure in Mexico. From an analytic sample of 44,000 households, we identified those having at least one member with diabetes or hypertension and determined their health expenditure. Using matching procedures, we compared these data with those of households lacking such individuals. Results We found that 24% of the households had at least one member who had been diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, or both. Households with such members reported health expenditures that were 25%–34% (P <0.01) higher than households without such individuals. Such differences were more pronounced among households...