Gideon Oron - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Gideon Oron

沙漠研究 : 日本沙漠学会誌, Dec 25, 2004

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Jul 30, 2018

This study examines the prospects for using Hydra viridissima toxicity test 96-h LC 50, served as... more This study examines the prospects for using Hydra viridissima toxicity test 96-h LC 50, served as a model invertebrate, Lactuca sativa L. was applied for seeds toxicity test (120-h IC 50) and a model plant for an acute toxicity assessment of heavy metals content in water. The heavy metals used to assess the acute toxicity of the water utilized for agricultural irrigation in arid regions includes cadmium (CdCl 2 .2H 2 O), chromium (K 2 Cr 2 O 7), zinc (ZnSO 4. 7H 2 O), and boron (H 3 BO 3). A grading of the substances was conducted, and it was found that the toxicity levels for H. viridissima and L. sativa were, with the least harmful first: B < Cr < Zn < Cd and Zn < B < Cr < Cd, respectively. Results indicate that H. viridissima was a more sensitive

Environmental science, 2019

Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, Jun 1, 1979

ABSTRACT A trickling irrigation system was installed in a cotton field to study the effects on th... more ABSTRACT A trickling irrigation system was installed in a cotton field to study the effects on the clogging of the emitters using treated wastewater. Also the effects of using reclaimed effluents on cotton yield and soil properties were studied under the the field conditions. In general the reduction in flow rate in the emitters along the lateral was linear. The changes in soil properties after irrigation with wastewater were found to be within an acceptable range. In response to the given amounts of water, the cotton yield was as expected. This showed that if larger amounts of water were applied under existing irrigation conditions, a higher yield per unit area could be obtained.

Water Research, Feb 1, 1999

ÐPost-treatment of euent from an Up¯ow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor, that was fed with... more ÐPost-treatment of euent from an Up¯ow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor, that was fed with domestic sewage, was conducted in an integrated pond system. The system consisted of a series of shallow duckweed and stabilization ponds. The main objective of post-treatment is removal of bacterial pathogens and further polishing of euent quality. Rapid and ecient pathogen removal can be achieved in shallow stabilization ponds but their euent BOD and TSS is relatively high, due to presence of algae. Passing stabilization pond euent through duckweed ponds was expected to remove algae due to reduced light penetration. Duckweed ponds have revenue generating potential since the produced biomass can be used as animal fodder. However, when applied separately, their pathogen removal is poor. A pilot plant system with an overall retention time of 4.2 days, was tested for this purpose. This system consisted of 10 ponds in series, arranged in 3 stages. The ®rst stage consisted of 2 duckweed ponds the second stage of 3 stabilization ponds and the third stage of 5 duckweed ponds. The system's euent median fecal coliform count in two experimental periods of 6 months was 3.3*10 2 ±5.0*10 3 per 100 ml. Increasing the retention time of the stabilization ponds to 3±4 days is suggested for consistently satisfying the WHO criterion for unlimited irrigation. Rapid removal took place in the stabilization ponds. A ®rst order fecal coliform decay constant K d was calculated for each of the three stages. The values obtained were 0.7±3.2, 4.0±5.9 and about 1.4 d À1 , respectively. The shading by the duckweed cover in the last stage proved to be able to remove practically all algae. Therefore, an excellent euent quality with respect to TSS was achieved (11 mg/l). It was demonstrated that duckweed biomass-production and wastewater treatment for reuse in irrigation can be achieved in one simple system.

Environmental Science & Technology, Jul 5, 2022

IWA Publishing eBooks, 2020

Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, Dec 1, 1980

ABSTRACT Trickle irrigation experiments with two qualities of mixtures of reservoir effluents and... more ABSTRACT Trickle irrigation experiments with two qualities of mixtures of reservoir effluents and stormwater, were conducted in a 1-yr research project at two kibbutzim (communal farms) in the Jezreel Israel. Various Israel methods and degrees of filtration were examined and then related to the effluent quality, as well as the degree of emitter clogging along the laterals. Tentative conclusions and ways to improve the filtration and irrigation efficiency of the effluent and stormwater mixtures have been reached after one irrigation season.

Biosystems Engineering, Feb 1, 2002

ABSTRACT

Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division, Aug 1, 1982

One of the major problems in operating high-rate oxidation ponds (HROP) so as to give the maximal... more One of the major problems in operating high-rate oxidation ponds (HROP) so as to give the maximal yield of algae is the determination of the best combination of retention time and effluent depth under varying environmental conditions. The criteria for choosing these variables were determined by applying the results previously obtained from pilot and field ponds operated in Israel and via computer simulation techniques. Guidelines for operating the HROP under different climatic conditions are also discussed.

Desalination, Jun 1, 2018

Fouling remains one of the main issues related to membrane filtration during seawater desalinatio... more Fouling remains one of the main issues related to membrane filtration during seawater desalination. The main acceptable methods are based on adding chemical reagents to the low quality waters that are going to be desalinated and/or adjusted to the membrane materials and the waters. This becomes a real issue when developing desalination plants for small communities, located along the sea shore. The approach adapted here is based on Coastal Soil Seawater Pumping (CSSP), with a pretreatment stage for the desalinated water. A management model was used for construction of main lines characterizing the system. In this work, a management model for small and relatively isolated communities is presented. It allows the water authorities of urban areas located close to the sea to provide desalinated water for the benefit of their residents, primarily for drinking purposes. Water from local wells that contain relatively high nitrate (NO 3 −) levels will be blended with the desalinated waters that are produced and distributed along the seashore to reach acceptable levels of 50-70 mg/L nitrates this will replace the "killed" wells and revive wells with high nitrate contents.

Research Square (Research Square), Dec 7, 2022

Plastic processes and products are constantly growing. About two million tons of plastic were pro... more Plastic processes and products are constantly growing. About two million tons of plastic were produced in 1950. In 2015, about 380 million tons of plastic were manufactured, of which only around four million tons were sent for recycling during the same year. Plastic pollution has become a global problem. Plastic products and waste cause an environmental hazard that dis gures the natural landscape, damaging aquatic ecology, adversely impacting marine habitat, soils, air, causing groundwater contamination, and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. The three dimensions (3D) printing process is utilizing a computer-aided design (CAD) model, usually by successively adding material in layers. Fused deposition modeling (FDM)-frequently called lament freeform fabrication, is a 3D printing process that uses thermoplastic material as a continuous lament. The goal of the work is to build a prototype printer that uses disposed plastic bottles as a source for raw material. The idea for current work stems from the need to save resources and simultaneously protect the environment. A 3D home printer was created for this purpose however, changes and adjustments were made to implement the idea of the project. A plastic bottle cutter was built in order to insert the raw material into the prototype printer. In addition, the framework of the extruder was substituted and a nozzle diameter was installed. Additional adjustments were made in the printer to maintain a continuous and uniform ow of the hot plastic that was poured onto the printer surface during the printing process.

Water Science and Technology, Nov 1, 1994

A wastewater reclamation program has been proposed as a means of supplying a major part of agricu... more A wastewater reclamation program has been proposed as a means of supplying a major part of agricultural water demand in Israel. This program may solve the two fold problem of a national water shortage combined with continuous contamination of groundwater resources by inadequately treated wastewater. A pilot-scale investigation of an advanced treatment scheme incorporating a sequencing batch activated sludge system, followed by deep-bed granular filtration, has been started. It is aimed at the development of design and operation guidelines for such systems to be applied on a full scale. Preliminary results presented herein indicate that the sequencing batch reactor system is capable of producing high-quality, low-suspended-solids effluent to be further polished by granular filtration. A single medium quartz sand filter operated under a high variety of filtration velocities and inflow turbidities with no chemicals added, demonstrated good performance and supplied basic design information to be applied in further investigation.

Springer eBooks, 2002

Reuse of treated wastewater is a favorable direction for solving water shortage problems and meet... more Reuse of treated wastewater is a favorable direction for solving water shortage problems and meeting environmental quality criteria. Domestic wastewater in isolated communities in arid regions can be treated efficiently in a stabilization pond systems. The effluent quality can be further improved when stored in a series of stabilization reservoirs. There are a series of parameters, which characterize the effluent quality for agricultural reuse. The conventional biological parameters include fecal coliforms as a microbial indicator. The use of fecal coliforms does not reflect the viral pollution of the effluent due to the poor correlation with virus occurrence. Therefore, phages are proposed as enteric virus pollution indicators. Phages exhibit similar behavior and survival in aquatic environment, and their quantitative assessment is easy and a reliable enteric virus measure. Field results from the treatment plant of the City of Arad (Israel) reveal the possibility of characterizing the effluent quality in a stabilization pond and reservoir system. The treatment plant includes a porous rock dike, resembling a horizontal trickling filter.

Geography Research Forum, Feb 20, 2016

The work considers the problem of determining an optimal operational plan in order to maximize th... more The work considers the problem of determining an optimal operational plan in order to maximize the profits of an agricultural enterprise. A decision model is formulated considering a set of potential crops for planting on an available area of land, two sources of water supply of different qualities and limited capacities, and a production function for each crop using water quantity and quality as the input factors. A unique feature of the model concerns the nature of the production function, which measures the profit margin of a crop not only in terms of its yield, but also the quality of the products. The model was developed to assist local decision makers in the Negev Desert (Israel) for the purpose of soliciting a preferred policy for water sources development. The developed model may be applicable for other regions with similar water shortage problems.

Water Science and Technology, May 1, 1991

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the reuse of domestic, secondary treated wastewater ... more Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the reuse of domestic, secondary treated wastewater for irrigation of edible crops. Corn was irrigated under on-surface and subsurface trickle systems with effluent and compared with on-surface trickle irrigation applying fresh water. The results indicate that under sub-surface trickle irrigation fruit contamination is minimal.