Benson Oluwafemi - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Benson Oluwafemi

Medicinal plants constitute an important component of flora and are widely distributed in India. ... more Medicinal plants constitute an important component of flora and are widely distributed in India. The pharmacological evaluation of substances from plants is an established method for the identification of lead compounds which can leads to the development of novel and safe medicinal agents. Based on the ethnopharmacological literature, several species of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in India were collected.

Asian Pacific Journal of …, 2012

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders acquiring around 2.8% of the world's p... more Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders acquiring around 2.8% of the world's population and is anticipated to cross 5.4% by the year 2025. Since long back herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine therefore, they have become a growing part of modern, high-tech medicine. In view of the above aspects the present review provides profiles of plants (65 species) with hypoglycaemic properties, available through literature source from various database with proper categorization according to the parts used, mode of reduction in blood glucose (insulinomimetic or insulin secretagogues activity) and active phytoconstituents having insulin mimetics activity. From the review it was suggested that, plant showing hypoglycemic potential mainly belongs to the family Leguminoseae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae, Moraceae, Rosaceae and Araliaceae. The most active plants are Allium sativum, Gymnema sylvestre, Citrullus colocynthis, Trigonella foenum greacum, Momordica charantia and Ficus bengalensis. The review describes some new bioactive drugs and isolated compounds from plants such as roseoside, epigallocatechin gallate, beta-pyrazol-1-ylalanine, cinchonain Ib, leucocyandin 3-O-beta-d-galactosyl cellobioside, leucopelargonidin-3-O-alpha-L rhamnoside, glycyrrhetinic acid, dehydrotrametenolic acid, strictinin, isostrictinin, pedunculagin, epicatechin and christinin-A showing significant insulinomimetic and antidiabetic activity with more efficacy than conventional hypoglycaemic agents. Thus, from the review majorly, the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants is attributed to the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins and other constituents which show reduction in blood glucose levels. The review also discusses the management aspect of diabetes mellitus using these plants and their active principles.

Aldose reductase inhibitory activity and anti catraract potential of some traditionally acclaimed antidiabetic medicinal plants

Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine, 2009

Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants as a Source of Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors

Current diabetes …, 2010

The aim of this study is to collate all available data on antidiabetic plants that inhibit alpha ... more The aim of this study is to collate all available data on antidiabetic plants that inhibit alpha glucosidase, reported mainly by Medline (PubMed) these last years. In the present study, interest is focused on experimental researches conducted on hypoglycemic plants particularly those which show alpha glucosidase inhibitor activity alongside bioactive components. This study describes 47 species that belong to 29 families. The plant families, which enclose the species, studied most as inhibitors of alphaglucosidase, are Fabaceae (6 species.), Crassulaceae (3 species), Hippocrateacaea (3 species), Lamiaceae (3 species), and Myrtaceae (3 species), with most studied species being Salacia reticulata (Hippocrateaceae) and Morus alba (Moraceae). The study also covers natural products (active natural components and crude extracts) isolated from the medicinal plants which inhibit alpha glucosidase as reported this last decade. Many kinds of these isolated natural products show strong activity such as, Alkaloids, stilbenoids (polyphenol), triterpene, acids (chlorogenic acid, betulinic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, bartogenic acid, oleanolic acid, dehydrotrametenolic acid, corosolic acid, ellagic acid, ursolic acid, gallic acid), phytosterol, myoinositol, flavonoids, Flavonolignans, anthraquinones, anthrones, and xanthones, Feruloylglucosides, flavanone glucosides, acetophenone glucosides, glucopyranoside derivatives, genine derivatives, flavonol, anthocyanin and others.

Screening of traditional antidiabetic medicinal plants of mauritius for possibleα-amylase inhibitory effectsin vitro

Phytotherapy …, 2006

In this study, seven exotic/indigenous medicinal plants of Mauritius, namely Coix lacryma-jobi (P... more In this study, seven exotic/indigenous medicinal plants of Mauritius, namely Coix lacryma-jobi (Poaceae), Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae), Artocarpus heterophyllus (Moraceae), Vangueria madagascariensis (Rubiaceae), Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae), Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae) and Syzigium cumini (Myrtaceae) were studied for possible effects on starch breakdown by α-amylase in vitro. The results showed that only Artocarpus heterophyllus significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited α-amylase activity in vitro. To confirm the observed effects, a further biochemical assay was undertaken to investigate the effects of Artocarpus heterophyllus on α-amylase activity using rat plasma in vitro. It was found that the aqueous leaf extract significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited α-amylase activity in rat plasma. The highest inhibitory activity (27.20 ± 5.00%) was observed at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. However, in both cases dose dependency was not observed. Enzyme kinetic studies using the Michaelis-Menten and Lineweaver-Burk equations were performed to establish the type of inhibition involved. In the presence of the plant extract the maximal velocity (Vmax) remained constant (1/150 g / L/s) whereas the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) increased by 5.79 g / L, indicating that the aqueous leaf extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus behaved as a competitive inhibitor. Results from the present study tend to indicate that Artocarpus heterophyllus could act as a ‘starch blocker’ thereby reducing post-prandial glucose peaks. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

African Journal of …, 2009

Azadirachta indica, Vernonia amygdalina and Gongronema latifolium were quantitatively determined ... more Azadirachta indica, Vernonia amygdalina and Gongronema latifolium were quantitatively determined using standard methods and compared. Of the 3 plants G. latifolium had highest (p<0.05) crude protein and fat contents but lowest in fibre composition, whereas A. indica with highest fibre content had lowest crude protein composition. Fat and ash were lowest in V. amygdalina. Also G. latifolium showed highest composition (p<0.05) of vitamins A, E and niacin content compared to A. indica and V. amygdalina. A. indica and V. amygdalina have higher (p<0.05) vitamin C and riboflavin composition. Flavonoids, saponins and polyphenols were significantly predominant (p<0.05) in V. amygdalina relative to A. indica and G. latifolium, whereas alkaloids and HCN were highest (p<0.05) in A. indica. However, G. latifolium had the highest composition of tannins among the three plants. There appear to be a complement of biochemicals in the leaves of these plants which may account for reported hypoglycemic and antihyyperglycemic action.

Elemental Content of Some AntiDiabetic Medicinal Plants Using PIXE Analysis

Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 2010

Elemental analysis of some selected medicinal plants of northeast India having anti-diabetic prop... more Elemental analysis of some selected medicinal plants of northeast India having anti-diabetic property was conducted using proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique. Plant samples were excited with a 2.4-MeV proton beam from a 3-MV Tandetron accelerator, and the spectral data were analyzed by using GUPIX, a software package for fitting PIXE spectra from layered specimens. The elements K, Ca, Mn, Fe,

Evaluation of α-amylase inhibitory activities of selected antidiabetic medicinal plants

Inhibitors of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase play an important role for the c... more Inhibitors of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase play an important role for the control of diabetes mellitus especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this study we selected ten antidiabetic medicinal plants, because they have been recommended to treat diabetes in traditional Iranian medicine, and screened them for α-amylase inhibitory activities. Among the tested samples, Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) leaf (IC50 = 1.54 mg/mL), Trigonella foenum-graecum (Leguminosae) seed (IC50 = 1.87 mg/mL) and leaf (IC50 = 1.92 mg/mL), and Urtica dioica (Urticaceae) leaf (IC50 = 1.89 mg/mL) revealed appreciable α-amylase inhibitory activities in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the most active sample, Camellia sinensis leaf, was partitioned by stepwise solvent–solvent extraction process and the inhibitory effect of each fraction on the α-amylase was tested. According to the results, the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 = 0.53 mg/mL) and the residue (IC50 = 0.52 mg/mL) had the highest α-amylase inhibitory activities.

Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2002

Since ancient times, plants have been an exemplary source of medicine. Ayurveda and other Indian ... more Since ancient times, plants have been an exemplary source of medicine. Ayurveda and other Indian literature mention the use of plants in treatment of various human ailments. India has about 45 000 plant species and among them, several thousands have been claimed to possess medicinal properties. Research conducted in last few decades on plants mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for diabetes have shown anti-diabetic property. The present paper reviews 45 such plants and their products (active, natural principles and crude extracts) that have been mentioned/used in the Indian traditional system of medicine and have shown experimental or clinical anti-diabetic activity. Indian plants which are most effective and the most commonly studied in relation to diabetes and their complications are:

Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2002

Methanolic extract (75%) of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Emblica officinalis and thei... more Methanolic extract (75%) of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Emblica officinalis and their combination named ‘Triphala’ (equal proportion of above three plant extracts) are being used extensively in Indian system of medicine. They were found to inhibit lipid peroxide formation and to scavenge hydroxyl and superoxide radicals in vitro. The concentration of plant extracts that inhibited 50% of lipid peroxidation induced with Fe2+/ascorbate were food to be 85.5, 27, 74 and 69 μg/ml, respectively. The concentration needed for the inhibition of hydoxyl radical scavenging were 165, 71, 155.5 and 151 μg/ml, and that for superoxide scavenging activity were found to be 20.5, 40.5, 6.5 and 12.5 μg/ml, respectively. Oral administration of the extracts (100 mg/kg body weight) reduced the blood sugar level in normal and in alloxan (120 mg/kg) diabetic rats significantly within 4 h. Continued, daily administration of the drug produced a sustained effect.

Medicinal plants constitute an important component of flora and are widely distributed in India. ... more Medicinal plants constitute an important component of flora and are widely distributed in India. The pharmacological evaluation of substances from plants is an established method for the identification of lead compounds which can leads to the development of novel and safe medicinal agents. Based on the ethnopharmacological literature, several species of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in India were collected.

Asian Pacific Journal of …, 2012

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders acquiring around 2.8% of the world's p... more Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders acquiring around 2.8% of the world's population and is anticipated to cross 5.4% by the year 2025. Since long back herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine therefore, they have become a growing part of modern, high-tech medicine. In view of the above aspects the present review provides profiles of plants (65 species) with hypoglycaemic properties, available through literature source from various database with proper categorization according to the parts used, mode of reduction in blood glucose (insulinomimetic or insulin secretagogues activity) and active phytoconstituents having insulin mimetics activity. From the review it was suggested that, plant showing hypoglycemic potential mainly belongs to the family Leguminoseae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae, Moraceae, Rosaceae and Araliaceae. The most active plants are Allium sativum, Gymnema sylvestre, Citrullus colocynthis, Trigonella foenum greacum, Momordica charantia and Ficus bengalensis. The review describes some new bioactive drugs and isolated compounds from plants such as roseoside, epigallocatechin gallate, beta-pyrazol-1-ylalanine, cinchonain Ib, leucocyandin 3-O-beta-d-galactosyl cellobioside, leucopelargonidin-3-O-alpha-L rhamnoside, glycyrrhetinic acid, dehydrotrametenolic acid, strictinin, isostrictinin, pedunculagin, epicatechin and christinin-A showing significant insulinomimetic and antidiabetic activity with more efficacy than conventional hypoglycaemic agents. Thus, from the review majorly, the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants is attributed to the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins and other constituents which show reduction in blood glucose levels. The review also discusses the management aspect of diabetes mellitus using these plants and their active principles.

Aldose reductase inhibitory activity and anti catraract potential of some traditionally acclaimed antidiabetic medicinal plants

Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine, 2009

Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants as a Source of Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors

Current diabetes …, 2010

The aim of this study is to collate all available data on antidiabetic plants that inhibit alpha ... more The aim of this study is to collate all available data on antidiabetic plants that inhibit alpha glucosidase, reported mainly by Medline (PubMed) these last years. In the present study, interest is focused on experimental researches conducted on hypoglycemic plants particularly those which show alpha glucosidase inhibitor activity alongside bioactive components. This study describes 47 species that belong to 29 families. The plant families, which enclose the species, studied most as inhibitors of alphaglucosidase, are Fabaceae (6 species.), Crassulaceae (3 species), Hippocrateacaea (3 species), Lamiaceae (3 species), and Myrtaceae (3 species), with most studied species being Salacia reticulata (Hippocrateaceae) and Morus alba (Moraceae). The study also covers natural products (active natural components and crude extracts) isolated from the medicinal plants which inhibit alpha glucosidase as reported this last decade. Many kinds of these isolated natural products show strong activity such as, Alkaloids, stilbenoids (polyphenol), triterpene, acids (chlorogenic acid, betulinic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, bartogenic acid, oleanolic acid, dehydrotrametenolic acid, corosolic acid, ellagic acid, ursolic acid, gallic acid), phytosterol, myoinositol, flavonoids, Flavonolignans, anthraquinones, anthrones, and xanthones, Feruloylglucosides, flavanone glucosides, acetophenone glucosides, glucopyranoside derivatives, genine derivatives, flavonol, anthocyanin and others.

Screening of traditional antidiabetic medicinal plants of mauritius for possibleα-amylase inhibitory effectsin vitro

Phytotherapy …, 2006

In this study, seven exotic/indigenous medicinal plants of Mauritius, namely Coix lacryma-jobi (P... more In this study, seven exotic/indigenous medicinal plants of Mauritius, namely Coix lacryma-jobi (Poaceae), Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae), Artocarpus heterophyllus (Moraceae), Vangueria madagascariensis (Rubiaceae), Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae), Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae) and Syzigium cumini (Myrtaceae) were studied for possible effects on starch breakdown by α-amylase in vitro. The results showed that only Artocarpus heterophyllus significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited α-amylase activity in vitro. To confirm the observed effects, a further biochemical assay was undertaken to investigate the effects of Artocarpus heterophyllus on α-amylase activity using rat plasma in vitro. It was found that the aqueous leaf extract significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited α-amylase activity in rat plasma. The highest inhibitory activity (27.20 ± 5.00%) was observed at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. However, in both cases dose dependency was not observed. Enzyme kinetic studies using the Michaelis-Menten and Lineweaver-Burk equations were performed to establish the type of inhibition involved. In the presence of the plant extract the maximal velocity (Vmax) remained constant (1/150 g / L/s) whereas the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) increased by 5.79 g / L, indicating that the aqueous leaf extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus behaved as a competitive inhibitor. Results from the present study tend to indicate that Artocarpus heterophyllus could act as a ‘starch blocker’ thereby reducing post-prandial glucose peaks. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

African Journal of …, 2009

Azadirachta indica, Vernonia amygdalina and Gongronema latifolium were quantitatively determined ... more Azadirachta indica, Vernonia amygdalina and Gongronema latifolium were quantitatively determined using standard methods and compared. Of the 3 plants G. latifolium had highest (p<0.05) crude protein and fat contents but lowest in fibre composition, whereas A. indica with highest fibre content had lowest crude protein composition. Fat and ash were lowest in V. amygdalina. Also G. latifolium showed highest composition (p<0.05) of vitamins A, E and niacin content compared to A. indica and V. amygdalina. A. indica and V. amygdalina have higher (p<0.05) vitamin C and riboflavin composition. Flavonoids, saponins and polyphenols were significantly predominant (p<0.05) in V. amygdalina relative to A. indica and G. latifolium, whereas alkaloids and HCN were highest (p<0.05) in A. indica. However, G. latifolium had the highest composition of tannins among the three plants. There appear to be a complement of biochemicals in the leaves of these plants which may account for reported hypoglycemic and antihyyperglycemic action.

Elemental Content of Some AntiDiabetic Medicinal Plants Using PIXE Analysis

Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 2010

Elemental analysis of some selected medicinal plants of northeast India having anti-diabetic prop... more Elemental analysis of some selected medicinal plants of northeast India having anti-diabetic property was conducted using proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique. Plant samples were excited with a 2.4-MeV proton beam from a 3-MV Tandetron accelerator, and the spectral data were analyzed by using GUPIX, a software package for fitting PIXE spectra from layered specimens. The elements K, Ca, Mn, Fe,

Evaluation of α-amylase inhibitory activities of selected antidiabetic medicinal plants

Inhibitors of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase play an important role for the c... more Inhibitors of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase play an important role for the control of diabetes mellitus especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this study we selected ten antidiabetic medicinal plants, because they have been recommended to treat diabetes in traditional Iranian medicine, and screened them for α-amylase inhibitory activities. Among the tested samples, Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) leaf (IC50 = 1.54 mg/mL), Trigonella foenum-graecum (Leguminosae) seed (IC50 = 1.87 mg/mL) and leaf (IC50 = 1.92 mg/mL), and Urtica dioica (Urticaceae) leaf (IC50 = 1.89 mg/mL) revealed appreciable α-amylase inhibitory activities in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the most active sample, Camellia sinensis leaf, was partitioned by stepwise solvent–solvent extraction process and the inhibitory effect of each fraction on the α-amylase was tested. According to the results, the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 = 0.53 mg/mL) and the residue (IC50 = 0.52 mg/mL) had the highest α-amylase inhibitory activities.

Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2002

Since ancient times, plants have been an exemplary source of medicine. Ayurveda and other Indian ... more Since ancient times, plants have been an exemplary source of medicine. Ayurveda and other Indian literature mention the use of plants in treatment of various human ailments. India has about 45 000 plant species and among them, several thousands have been claimed to possess medicinal properties. Research conducted in last few decades on plants mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for diabetes have shown anti-diabetic property. The present paper reviews 45 such plants and their products (active, natural principles and crude extracts) that have been mentioned/used in the Indian traditional system of medicine and have shown experimental or clinical anti-diabetic activity. Indian plants which are most effective and the most commonly studied in relation to diabetes and their complications are:

Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2002

Methanolic extract (75%) of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Emblica officinalis and thei... more Methanolic extract (75%) of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Emblica officinalis and their combination named ‘Triphala’ (equal proportion of above three plant extracts) are being used extensively in Indian system of medicine. They were found to inhibit lipid peroxide formation and to scavenge hydroxyl and superoxide radicals in vitro. The concentration of plant extracts that inhibited 50% of lipid peroxidation induced with Fe2+/ascorbate were food to be 85.5, 27, 74 and 69 μg/ml, respectively. The concentration needed for the inhibition of hydoxyl radical scavenging were 165, 71, 155.5 and 151 μg/ml, and that for superoxide scavenging activity were found to be 20.5, 40.5, 6.5 and 12.5 μg/ml, respectively. Oral administration of the extracts (100 mg/kg body weight) reduced the blood sugar level in normal and in alloxan (120 mg/kg) diabetic rats significantly within 4 h. Continued, daily administration of the drug produced a sustained effect.