Bernardino Moreno - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Bernardino Moreno
Veterinary Parasitology, 2022
Leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease with a very complex pathogenesis modulated by the interaction... more Leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease with a very complex pathogenesis modulated by the interaction between the parasite, the vector and the host. Although the pathological characteristics have been extensively studied in the typically affected organs, some locations such as muscles and reproductive organs have been less studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of lesions in the temporal muscle and the male reproductive organs (testicle and epididymis) and correlate their characteristics with the presence of the parasite and with the clinical status of the dogs. The temporal muscle was studied in 25 infected beagle dogs (nine females and 16 males) and five uninfected control dogs (two females and three males) and the testicle and epididymis in the 19 males. Dogs were euthanized one year after infection and clinical signs, anti-Leishmania serum antibodies, and lymph node parasite load were assessed. Muscular and reproductive lesions were characterized by H&E and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The presence of the parasite in the lesions was evaluated using IHC and molecular techniques. Myositis was observed in 72% (18/25) of the dogs and was characterized by lymphoplasmacytic or histiocytic lesions. Mild and severe lesions were detected, the latter being statistically associated with the presence of the parasite and with the clinical status of the dogs. Orchitis was observed in 50% (8/16) of the dogs and was mainly mild and lymphoplasmacytic. No statistical relationship was found between testicular lesions and the presence of the parasite or the clinical status. Epididymitis was observed in 87.5% (14/16) of the dogs, and the lesions were often infiltrated by numerous histiocytes and neutrophils. Epididymal lesions were statistically associated with the clinical status of the dogs and with the presence of the parasite in the lesions. IgG and IgM immunoglobulins were found in all lesions, suggesting a local immune response with reactivation of the infection. Leishmania was more frequently detected in severe and histiocytic lesions, although some lesions had no detectable parasites. These results have shown that lesions in the temporal muscle, epididymis, and testicles are common in dogs infected by Leishmania infantum and that dogs may show a different response to infection. This response is characterized by varying degrees of cellular and immune responses associated with a variable presence of the parasite.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2022
Farmed minks have been reported to be highly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome cor... more Farmed minks have been reported to be highly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and may represent a risk to humans. In this study, we describe the first outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 occurred on a mink farm in Spain, between June and July 2020, involving 92,700 animals. The outbreak started shortly after some farm workers became seropositive for SARS-CoV-2. Minks showed no clinical signs compatible with SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the outbreak. Samples from 98 minks were collected for histopathological, serological, and molecular studies. Twenty out of 98 (20.4%) minks were positive by RT-qPCR and 82 out 92 (89%) seroconverted. This finding may reflect a rapid spread of the virus at the farm with most of the animals overcoming the infection. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 was detected by RT-qPCR in 30% of brain samples from positive minks. Sequencing analysis showed that the mink sequences were not closely related with the other mink SARS-CoV-2 sequen...
Esta infeccion bacteriana cursa con insuficiencia respiratoria y se considera una zoonosis emerge... more Esta infeccion bacteriana cursa con insuficiencia respiratoria y se considera una zoonosis emergente, por lo que es importante su aislamiento e identificacion para alertar a propietarios y veterinarios.
C. urealyticum es un patogeno que puede producir infecciones de gravedad variable en el aparato u... more C. urealyticum es un patogeno que puede producir infecciones de gravedad variable en el aparato urinario y cuyo diagnostico puede resultar complicado.
Streptococcus canis es un patogeno zoonotico emergente que se deberia considerar siempre en casos... more Streptococcus canis es un patogeno zoonotico emergente que se deberia considerar siempre en casos de trastornos de la reproduccion.
Las bacterias del genero Enterococcus presentan con frecuencia una multirresistencia a antimicrob... more Las bacterias del genero Enterococcus presentan con frecuencia una multirresistencia a antimicrobianos que hace especialmente relevante la correcta identificacion de la especie infectante y el estudio de su fenotipo, especialmente el de la vancomicina.
El descubrimiento de una bacteria multirresistente en una dermatitis pone el acento en el problem... more El descubrimiento de una bacteria multirresistente en una dermatitis pone el acento en el problema de las zoonosis dado el estrecho contacto entre propietario y mascota.
Veterinary Record, 2011
THE farming of red-legged partridges ( Alectoris rufa ) as a game species is of increasing econom... more THE farming of red-legged partridges ( Alectoris rufa ) as a game species is of increasing economic importance throughout the Mediterranean region and in the UK; however, the diseases of this species have not been thoroughly investigated (Millan 2009). The release of farmed partridges into the wild could carry a risk of disseminating new pathogens. Avian tuberculosis is an infectious disease that affects numerous species of birds worldwide (Thorel and others 1997, Tell and others 2001, Fulton and Thoen 2003), although at present it seems to be more prevalent in zoological aviaries, captive and pet birds (Witte and others 2008, Manarolla and others 2009). There have been no reports of tuberculosis in farmed red-legged partridges; the only two references to the disease in this species are from a zoo (Holsboer-Buogo and others 1997) and in wild birds (Millan and others 2004). Avian tuberculosis is a chronic disease typically causing granulomas that are more frequently found in the liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and bone marrow (Tell and others 2001, Fulton and Thoen 2003). Microscopically, the disease may manifest in three forms depending on the affected species: the classic tuberculoid, focal or multifocal form; a diffuse form; and a paratuberculosis-like form in the gastrointestinal tract. The disease …
XXXIII Symposium …, 2008
Resumen En este trabajo se describe por primera vez un caso de diarrea en conejos lactantes de 5-... more Resumen En este trabajo se describe por primera vez un caso de diarrea en conejos lactantes de 5-7 días de edad con desarrollo posterior de alopecia en gazapos de 10-18 días asociado a Enterococcus hirae. El proceso afectó principalmente a camadas de ...
Avian Pathology, 2009
A case of nervous signs in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) associated with a severe otitis... more A case of nervous signs in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) associated with a severe otitis and osteomyelitis is reported. The outbreak was characterized by abnormal head position, torticollis and difficulty in standing, walking and flying. Pathological, microbiological and molecular genetic data supported an association with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) infection. Clinical signs persisted for several days and were accompanied by weight loss leading to death. Morbidity was approximately 20% and most birds died if untreated. Lesions were mainly characterized by a severe osteomyelitis of the cranial bones and purulent inflammation of the external, middle and inner ears. O. rhinotracheale was isolated from ear samples, skull and brain stem in pure culture. Genetic characterization by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the clinical isolates showed that the outbreak was caused by a single strain of ORT.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2011
El diagnostico de la leptospirosis bovina es una tarea dificil que requiere el apoyo laboratorial... more El diagnostico de la leptospirosis bovina es una tarea dificil que requiere el apoyo laboratorial. La forma aguda en vacas y ovejas adultas en lactacion se caracteriza por un descenso brusco de la produccion de leche. En los animales jovenes los sintomas mas caracteristicos son la ictericia, la hemoglobinuria y las alteraciones nerviosas. Los cuadros de tipo cronico, producidos por serovariedades adaptadas como la serovariedad hardjo en el ganado bovino, se caracterizan por problemas de fertilidad, abortos y/o el nacimiento de mortinatos o de terneros de reducida viabilidad. Aunque en la literatura se han descrito un gran numero de tecnicas laboratoriales que pueden ser aplicadas al diagnostico de la leptospirosis, la utilizacion de unas u otras dependera de las disponibilidades de los laboratorios, del cuadro clinico observado, de la serovariedad implicada o del objeto del analisis. En general estas pueden dividirse en dos grandes grupos. Por un lado se encuentran aquellas que perm...
Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escheri... more The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli from a dog population in Spain and assess specific virulence factors. Susceptibility to 22 antimicrobials was tested along with the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC in faecal isolates from 100 dogs. Virulence-related genes associated with attaching and effacing E. coli (eae, Stx1, Stx2) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli – ExPEC – (papC, hlyA and cnf1) were detected by PCR. At least one kind of AMR was observed in 73% of the isolates. The highest prevalences corresponded to penicillin (45%), aminoglycoside (40%) and non-extended spectrum cephalosporin (39%) classes. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 53.4% of the resistant isolates. No resistance to colistin was found. Production of ESBL/AmpC enzymes was detected in 5% of E. coli. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli were not observed, enteropathogenic E. coli were identified in only 12% of the...
ABSTRACT NEIKER). Berreaga 1. 48160 Derio (Bizkaia). 2. SERGAL. La Paloma 4. Vitoria-Gasteiz (Ala... more ABSTRACT NEIKER). Berreaga 1. 48160 Derio (Bizkaia). 2. SERGAL. La Paloma 4. Vitoria-Gasteiz (Alava). RESUMEN En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del seguimiento de dos explotaciones de ganado ovino latxo en las que, además de observarse un porcentaje variable de abortos, nacieron corderos con síntomas compatibles con la enfer-medad de Border: debilidad al nacimiento, bajo peso, temblores, excitabilidad, etc. Las lesiones observadas en encéfalo fueron compatibles con la infección por el virus Border y las reacciones de RT-PCR a partir de órganos y sangre dieron resultados positivos, lo que confirmó la identidad del agente. La aplicación de enzimas de restricción a los productos de la reacción de PCR, proporcionó en ambos casos un patrón de bandas que coincidía con las cepas de pestivirus de origen ovino. INTRODUCCION. La enfermedad de Border (Border disease o Enfermedad de la frontera) está causada por un pesti-virus de la Familia Flaviviridae, antigénicamente similar al virus de BVD del ganado vacuno, que causa problemas de abortos, nacimiento de mortina-tos y/o corderos débiles que a veces presentan altera-ciones nerviosas, de la lana (en razas de lana fina), malformaciones óseas, etc. Es un proceso diagnosti-cado en los años 50 en la frontera (border, en inglés) entre Gales e Inglaterra. Posteriormente, se ha ido observando en otros paises de Europa, en Canadá, Australia, Nueva Zelanda, etc. En España se conocen diferentes estudios serológicos donde se ha determi-nado la seroprevalencia en algunas comunidades autónomas (Sáez de Ocariz et al., 1987; Alvarez et al., 1989; Mainar y Vázquez Boland, 1999), y ciertos estudios ya han demostrado la importancia creciente de este pestivirus como agente causal de abortos ovi-nos (García-Pérez et al., 1998). Hoy en día el diag-nóstico del proceso se realiza en base a la sintomato-logía clínica y mediante una combinación de técnicas laboratoriales que incluyen el cultivo en líneas celu-lares para el aislamiento vírico, histología, serología y técnicas de PCR (Hussin y Woldehiwet, 1994; Nettleton et al., 1998). La aplicación de enzimas de restricción a los productos de PCR permite caracteri-zar los aislados víricos, habiendose descrito patrones diferentes en función del origen de las cepas: ovino, bovino o porcino (Vilcek et al., 1994). En el presente trabajo se describe la presentación de casos clínicos compatibles con Border en dos rebaños de raza latxa. MATERIALES Y METODOS.
Veterinary Parasitology, 2022
Leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease with a very complex pathogenesis modulated by the interaction... more Leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease with a very complex pathogenesis modulated by the interaction between the parasite, the vector and the host. Although the pathological characteristics have been extensively studied in the typically affected organs, some locations such as muscles and reproductive organs have been less studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of lesions in the temporal muscle and the male reproductive organs (testicle and epididymis) and correlate their characteristics with the presence of the parasite and with the clinical status of the dogs. The temporal muscle was studied in 25 infected beagle dogs (nine females and 16 males) and five uninfected control dogs (two females and three males) and the testicle and epididymis in the 19 males. Dogs were euthanized one year after infection and clinical signs, anti-Leishmania serum antibodies, and lymph node parasite load were assessed. Muscular and reproductive lesions were characterized by H&E and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The presence of the parasite in the lesions was evaluated using IHC and molecular techniques. Myositis was observed in 72% (18/25) of the dogs and was characterized by lymphoplasmacytic or histiocytic lesions. Mild and severe lesions were detected, the latter being statistically associated with the presence of the parasite and with the clinical status of the dogs. Orchitis was observed in 50% (8/16) of the dogs and was mainly mild and lymphoplasmacytic. No statistical relationship was found between testicular lesions and the presence of the parasite or the clinical status. Epididymitis was observed in 87.5% (14/16) of the dogs, and the lesions were often infiltrated by numerous histiocytes and neutrophils. Epididymal lesions were statistically associated with the clinical status of the dogs and with the presence of the parasite in the lesions. IgG and IgM immunoglobulins were found in all lesions, suggesting a local immune response with reactivation of the infection. Leishmania was more frequently detected in severe and histiocytic lesions, although some lesions had no detectable parasites. These results have shown that lesions in the temporal muscle, epididymis, and testicles are common in dogs infected by Leishmania infantum and that dogs may show a different response to infection. This response is characterized by varying degrees of cellular and immune responses associated with a variable presence of the parasite.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2022
Farmed minks have been reported to be highly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome cor... more Farmed minks have been reported to be highly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and may represent a risk to humans. In this study, we describe the first outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 occurred on a mink farm in Spain, between June and July 2020, involving 92,700 animals. The outbreak started shortly after some farm workers became seropositive for SARS-CoV-2. Minks showed no clinical signs compatible with SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the outbreak. Samples from 98 minks were collected for histopathological, serological, and molecular studies. Twenty out of 98 (20.4%) minks were positive by RT-qPCR and 82 out 92 (89%) seroconverted. This finding may reflect a rapid spread of the virus at the farm with most of the animals overcoming the infection. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 was detected by RT-qPCR in 30% of brain samples from positive minks. Sequencing analysis showed that the mink sequences were not closely related with the other mink SARS-CoV-2 sequen...
Esta infeccion bacteriana cursa con insuficiencia respiratoria y se considera una zoonosis emerge... more Esta infeccion bacteriana cursa con insuficiencia respiratoria y se considera una zoonosis emergente, por lo que es importante su aislamiento e identificacion para alertar a propietarios y veterinarios.
C. urealyticum es un patogeno que puede producir infecciones de gravedad variable en el aparato u... more C. urealyticum es un patogeno que puede producir infecciones de gravedad variable en el aparato urinario y cuyo diagnostico puede resultar complicado.
Streptococcus canis es un patogeno zoonotico emergente que se deberia considerar siempre en casos... more Streptococcus canis es un patogeno zoonotico emergente que se deberia considerar siempre en casos de trastornos de la reproduccion.
Las bacterias del genero Enterococcus presentan con frecuencia una multirresistencia a antimicrob... more Las bacterias del genero Enterococcus presentan con frecuencia una multirresistencia a antimicrobianos que hace especialmente relevante la correcta identificacion de la especie infectante y el estudio de su fenotipo, especialmente el de la vancomicina.
El descubrimiento de una bacteria multirresistente en una dermatitis pone el acento en el problem... more El descubrimiento de una bacteria multirresistente en una dermatitis pone el acento en el problema de las zoonosis dado el estrecho contacto entre propietario y mascota.
Veterinary Record, 2011
THE farming of red-legged partridges ( Alectoris rufa ) as a game species is of increasing econom... more THE farming of red-legged partridges ( Alectoris rufa ) as a game species is of increasing economic importance throughout the Mediterranean region and in the UK; however, the diseases of this species have not been thoroughly investigated (Millan 2009). The release of farmed partridges into the wild could carry a risk of disseminating new pathogens. Avian tuberculosis is an infectious disease that affects numerous species of birds worldwide (Thorel and others 1997, Tell and others 2001, Fulton and Thoen 2003), although at present it seems to be more prevalent in zoological aviaries, captive and pet birds (Witte and others 2008, Manarolla and others 2009). There have been no reports of tuberculosis in farmed red-legged partridges; the only two references to the disease in this species are from a zoo (Holsboer-Buogo and others 1997) and in wild birds (Millan and others 2004). Avian tuberculosis is a chronic disease typically causing granulomas that are more frequently found in the liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and bone marrow (Tell and others 2001, Fulton and Thoen 2003). Microscopically, the disease may manifest in three forms depending on the affected species: the classic tuberculoid, focal or multifocal form; a diffuse form; and a paratuberculosis-like form in the gastrointestinal tract. The disease …
XXXIII Symposium …, 2008
Resumen En este trabajo se describe por primera vez un caso de diarrea en conejos lactantes de 5-... more Resumen En este trabajo se describe por primera vez un caso de diarrea en conejos lactantes de 5-7 días de edad con desarrollo posterior de alopecia en gazapos de 10-18 días asociado a Enterococcus hirae. El proceso afectó principalmente a camadas de ...
Avian Pathology, 2009
A case of nervous signs in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) associated with a severe otitis... more A case of nervous signs in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) associated with a severe otitis and osteomyelitis is reported. The outbreak was characterized by abnormal head position, torticollis and difficulty in standing, walking and flying. Pathological, microbiological and molecular genetic data supported an association with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) infection. Clinical signs persisted for several days and were accompanied by weight loss leading to death. Morbidity was approximately 20% and most birds died if untreated. Lesions were mainly characterized by a severe osteomyelitis of the cranial bones and purulent inflammation of the external, middle and inner ears. O. rhinotracheale was isolated from ear samples, skull and brain stem in pure culture. Genetic characterization by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the clinical isolates showed that the outbreak was caused by a single strain of ORT.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2011
El diagnostico de la leptospirosis bovina es una tarea dificil que requiere el apoyo laboratorial... more El diagnostico de la leptospirosis bovina es una tarea dificil que requiere el apoyo laboratorial. La forma aguda en vacas y ovejas adultas en lactacion se caracteriza por un descenso brusco de la produccion de leche. En los animales jovenes los sintomas mas caracteristicos son la ictericia, la hemoglobinuria y las alteraciones nerviosas. Los cuadros de tipo cronico, producidos por serovariedades adaptadas como la serovariedad hardjo en el ganado bovino, se caracterizan por problemas de fertilidad, abortos y/o el nacimiento de mortinatos o de terneros de reducida viabilidad. Aunque en la literatura se han descrito un gran numero de tecnicas laboratoriales que pueden ser aplicadas al diagnostico de la leptospirosis, la utilizacion de unas u otras dependera de las disponibilidades de los laboratorios, del cuadro clinico observado, de la serovariedad implicada o del objeto del analisis. En general estas pueden dividirse en dos grandes grupos. Por un lado se encuentran aquellas que perm...
Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escheri... more The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli from a dog population in Spain and assess specific virulence factors. Susceptibility to 22 antimicrobials was tested along with the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC in faecal isolates from 100 dogs. Virulence-related genes associated with attaching and effacing E. coli (eae, Stx1, Stx2) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli – ExPEC – (papC, hlyA and cnf1) were detected by PCR. At least one kind of AMR was observed in 73% of the isolates. The highest prevalences corresponded to penicillin (45%), aminoglycoside (40%) and non-extended spectrum cephalosporin (39%) classes. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 53.4% of the resistant isolates. No resistance to colistin was found. Production of ESBL/AmpC enzymes was detected in 5% of E. coli. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli were not observed, enteropathogenic E. coli were identified in only 12% of the...
ABSTRACT NEIKER). Berreaga 1. 48160 Derio (Bizkaia). 2. SERGAL. La Paloma 4. Vitoria-Gasteiz (Ala... more ABSTRACT NEIKER). Berreaga 1. 48160 Derio (Bizkaia). 2. SERGAL. La Paloma 4. Vitoria-Gasteiz (Alava). RESUMEN En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del seguimiento de dos explotaciones de ganado ovino latxo en las que, además de observarse un porcentaje variable de abortos, nacieron corderos con síntomas compatibles con la enfer-medad de Border: debilidad al nacimiento, bajo peso, temblores, excitabilidad, etc. Las lesiones observadas en encéfalo fueron compatibles con la infección por el virus Border y las reacciones de RT-PCR a partir de órganos y sangre dieron resultados positivos, lo que confirmó la identidad del agente. La aplicación de enzimas de restricción a los productos de la reacción de PCR, proporcionó en ambos casos un patrón de bandas que coincidía con las cepas de pestivirus de origen ovino. INTRODUCCION. La enfermedad de Border (Border disease o Enfermedad de la frontera) está causada por un pesti-virus de la Familia Flaviviridae, antigénicamente similar al virus de BVD del ganado vacuno, que causa problemas de abortos, nacimiento de mortina-tos y/o corderos débiles que a veces presentan altera-ciones nerviosas, de la lana (en razas de lana fina), malformaciones óseas, etc. Es un proceso diagnosti-cado en los años 50 en la frontera (border, en inglés) entre Gales e Inglaterra. Posteriormente, se ha ido observando en otros paises de Europa, en Canadá, Australia, Nueva Zelanda, etc. En España se conocen diferentes estudios serológicos donde se ha determi-nado la seroprevalencia en algunas comunidades autónomas (Sáez de Ocariz et al., 1987; Alvarez et al., 1989; Mainar y Vázquez Boland, 1999), y ciertos estudios ya han demostrado la importancia creciente de este pestivirus como agente causal de abortos ovi-nos (García-Pérez et al., 1998). Hoy en día el diag-nóstico del proceso se realiza en base a la sintomato-logía clínica y mediante una combinación de técnicas laboratoriales que incluyen el cultivo en líneas celu-lares para el aislamiento vírico, histología, serología y técnicas de PCR (Hussin y Woldehiwet, 1994; Nettleton et al., 1998). La aplicación de enzimas de restricción a los productos de PCR permite caracteri-zar los aislados víricos, habiendose descrito patrones diferentes en función del origen de las cepas: ovino, bovino o porcino (Vilcek et al., 1994). En el presente trabajo se describe la presentación de casos clínicos compatibles con Border en dos rebaños de raza latxa. MATERIALES Y METODOS.