Beverley Newman - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Beverley Newman

Pediatric Radiology, Nov 1, 1995

The etiology of infantile lobar emphysema is frequently unknown; however, partial airway obstruct... more The etiology of infantile lobar emphysema is frequently unknown; however, partial airway obstruction is most often implicated. Although infection and lobar emphysema have been linked previously, their cause-and-effect relationship is unclear. We present the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings in a 9-day-old infant with acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and a clinical and radiographic appearance suggestive of lobar emphysema. Pathologically, there was diffuse papillary overgrowth of the bronchiolar epithelium due to RSV infection which produced narrowing of the affected airways and alveolar overinflation. We speculate that in this instance RSV infection was at least associated with the development, and was perhaps the direct cause of lobar emphysema.

Pediatric Radiology, Dec 1, 1990

Pediatric Radiology, Nov 1, 1995

Spindle/smooth muscle cell proliferation is an additional neoplastic process related to immunosup... more Spindle/smooth muscle cell proliferation is an additional neoplastic process related to immunosuppression and EBV infection. We describe four post transplant children with this diagnosis. Multiple organ systems may be involved, particularly the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs. Lesions are radiographically, clinically, and endoscopically indistinguishable from those of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD).

Pediatric Radiology, Jan 13, 2010

Heterotaxy with polysplenia is associated with many cardiovascular anomalies including the occasi... more Heterotaxy with polysplenia is associated with many cardiovascular anomalies including the occasional occurrence of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (CEPS). Missing this anomaly can lead to inappropriate and ineffective therapy. To emphasize the importance and associated anatomy of CEPS in conjunction with heterotaxy with polysplenia. Review of three young children who presented with cyanosis and pulmonary hypertension without a cardiac etiology. They were known (1) or discovered (2) to have heterotaxy with polysplenia. There was absence of the intrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) with azygos or hemiazygos continuation in all three cases. In spite of normal liver function, they were discovered to have large portosystemic shunts, splenorenal in location, along with diffuse peripheral pulmonary arterial dilatation suggestive of CEPS (Abernethy malformation) with hepatopulmonary or, more accurately, portopulmonary syndrome. All CEPS were ipsilateral to the spleens. Patency of the portal veins in these cases allowed for percutaneous shunt closure with resolution of cyanosis. CEPS is associated with heterotaxy with polysplenia and can be symptomatic because of pulmonary arteriovenous (AV) shunting. Portal and hepatic vein patency are critical for determining feasibility of CEPS closure.

Pediatric Radiology, Mar 22, 2006

This article addresses the scope, etiology, important associations and imaging features of congen... more This article addresses the scope, etiology, important associations and imaging features of congenital bronchopulmonary foregut malformations. Etiologic concepts, including airway obstruction and vascular anomalies, are highlighted. Technical imaging advances, especially CT and MR, have greatly enhanced our diagnostic abilities in evaluating these lesions; however, thorough and careful assessment of all aspects of the malformation is still necessary. Several specific lesions

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Critical Care Medicine, 1998

Society of Critical Care Medicine; 27th Educational and Scientific Symposium; San Antonio, Texas,... more Society of Critical Care Medicine; 27th Educational and Scientific Symposium; San Antonio, Texas, USA; February 4-8, 1998: Poster Hall: Thursday, February 5, 1998 5: 45-7: 15 pm; Friday, February 6, 1998 11: 40 am-1: 00 pm; Saturday, February 7, 1998 11: 40 am-1: 00 ...

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Radiologic Clinics of North America, May 1, 1993

The plain chest radiograph is the mainstay in the imaging assessment of the chest in a prospectiv... more The plain chest radiograph is the mainstay in the imaging assessment of the chest in a prospective organ recipient and is invaluable in the initial evaluation of posttransplant complications. Although the presence of focal or diffuse air-space disease on a chest radiograph is often nonspecific, this finding helps direct the choice of other diagnostic methods. Among cross-sectional imaging techniques, computed tomography is used most often to further define anatomy and abnormal findings and to guide needle biopsy or aspiration if necessary. A variety of posttransplant complications are discussed, including common postoperative findings, pulmonary infection, and organ rejection.

Pediatric Radiology, Nov 1, 1988

Eight (23%) of 35 children with acute pericardial effusions due to infection or juvenile rheumato... more Eight (23%) of 35 children with acute pericardial effusions due to infection or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis UP, A) had associated transient pulmonary edema demonstrated on plain chest radiographs. The presence or absence of radiographic pulmonary edema correlated well with clinical and hemodynamic parameters in patients with JRA but not in those with infectious pericarditis. There was no definite relationship between radiographic edema and amount of pericardial fluid as estimated echocardiographically or removed at pericardiocentests. Rapidity of pericardial fluid accumulation could not be assessed in this study. Children of young age with underlying JRA were the most likely subjects to have radiographic pulmonary edema in conjunction with an acute pericardial effusion.

Springer eBooks, 1999

Important recent advances have been made in the management of newborn infants with respiratory di... more Important recent advances have been made in the management of newborn infants with respiratory distress. Few therapeutic maneuvers have had a greater impact than surfactant and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Surfactant is a relatively inexpensive drug, administered quite easily through an endotracheal tube, and has had its greatest impact on the premature infant population in whom ECMO is usually contraindicated. Conversely, ECMO is a highly advanced, expensive, time and staff intensive, technically demanding procedure used mostly in full-term babies.

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Radiology, Jul 1, 1990

During orthotopic liver transplantation, ligation and division of the right adrenal vein during r... more During orthotopic liver transplantation, ligation and division of the right adrenal vein during recipient hepatectomy may lead to hemorrhagic infarction and/or hematoma formation in the right adrenal gland. Findings in seven liver transplant recipients included initially echogenic or anechoic suprarenal masses on ultrasound scans and inhomogeneous but predominantly hypoattenuating masses on computed tomographic scans. In patients who survived for 4 months or longen, hematomas resolved as early as 20 days and persisted as long as 11 weeks. There was autopsy proof of adrenal hemorrhage in three cases. The adrenal hematomas in this series produced no massive hemorrhages, adrenal insufficiency, or other clinical manifestations. Adrenal hemorrhage after liver transplantation should be recognized and specifically documented, but a hematoma that remains stable in size can be left alone.

Medical Physics, May 29, 2014

PURPOSE To investigate the radiation dose for pediatric high pitch cardiac CTA METHODS: A total o... more PURPOSE To investigate the radiation dose for pediatric high pitch cardiac CTA METHODS: A total of 14 cases were included in this study, with mean age of 6.2 years (ranges from 2 months to 15 years). Cardiac CTA was performed using a dual-source CT system (Definition Flash, Siemens). Tube voltage (70, 80 and 100kV) was chosen based on patient weight. All patients were scanned using a high-pitch spiral mode (pitch ranges from 2.5 to 3) with tube current modulation technique (CareDose4D, Siemens). For each case, the three dimensional dose distributions were calculated using a Monte Carlo software package (IMPACT-MC, CT Image GmbH). Scanning parameters of each exam, including tube voltage, tube current, beamshaping filters, beam collimation, were defined in the Monte Carlo calculation. Tube current profile along projection angles was obtained from projection data of each tube, which included data within the over-scanning range along z direction. The volume of lungs was segmented out with CT images (3DSlicer). Lung doses of all patients were calculated and compared with CTDIvol, DLP, and SSDE. RESULTS The average (range) of CTDIvol, DLP and SSDE of all patients was 1.19 mGy (0.58 to 3.12mGy), 31.54 mGy*cm (12.56 to 99 mGy*cm), 2.26 mGy (1.19 to 6.24 mGy), respectively. Radiation dose to the lungs ranged from 0.83 to 4.18 mGy. Lung doses correlated with CTDIvol, DLP and SSDE with correlation coefficients(k) at 0.98, 0.93, and 0.99. However, for the cases with CTDIvol less than 1mGy, only SSDE preserved a strong correlation with lung doses (k=0.83), while much weaker correlations were found for CTDIvol (k=0.29) and DLP (k=-0.47). CONCLUSION Lung doses to pediatric patients during Cardiac CTA were estimated. SSDE showed the most robust correlation with lung doses in contrast to CTDIvol and DLP.

Radiologic Clinics of North America, May 1, 1993

There are several key plain film findings that raise suspicion for and aid in the differentiation... more There are several key plain film findings that raise suspicion for and aid in the differentiation of congenital heart defects. These 'telltale' signs and their significance and the additional necessary imaging studies of cardiac lesions are discussed with particular emphasis on the role of magnetic resonance imaging.

Pediatric Radiology, Aug 1, 1994

Thirteen children initially suspected to have an intrathoracic or intraabdominal mass had malposi... more Thirteen children initially suspected to have an intrathoracic or intraabdominal mass had malposition of the liver and/or spleen discovered by ultrasound. This group consisted of five children with diaphragmatic eventration or hernia and eight with wandering spleen or liver. Careful ultrasonographic examinations were diagnostic in all patients; seven had surgical confirmation. CT, MRI, nuclear scan and fluoroscopic imaging were useful in select instances. The liver and spleen have a characteristic anatomic configuration and sonographic appearance that should enable them to be recognized, and pathological alterations appreciated, even when these organs are ectopic in location or malformed.

Pediatric Cardiology, Feb 28, 1997

Intrapericardial aneurysm of the left atrium is a rare cardiac anomaly. We present a 10-year-old ... more Intrapericardial aneurysm of the left atrium is a rare cardiac anomaly. We present a 10-year-old girl in whom the diagnosis was made following referral for an abnormal configuration of the left heart border seen on chest radiography. Diagnosis was made by echocardiography, but magnetic resonance imaging defined the exact morphology and the relation to adjacent structures. Surgical removal of this aneurysm is recommended because of potentially serious complications.

Pediatric Radiology, Nov 1, 1995

The etiology of infantile lobar emphysema is frequently unknown; however, partial airway obstruct... more The etiology of infantile lobar emphysema is frequently unknown; however, partial airway obstruction is most often implicated. Although infection and lobar emphysema have been linked previously, their cause-and-effect relationship is unclear. We present the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings in a 9-day-old infant with acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and a clinical and radiographic appearance suggestive of lobar emphysema. Pathologically, there was diffuse papillary overgrowth of the bronchiolar epithelium due to RSV infection which produced narrowing of the affected airways and alveolar overinflation. We speculate that in this instance RSV infection was at least associated with the development, and was perhaps the direct cause of lobar emphysema.

Pediatric Radiology, Dec 1, 1990

Pediatric Radiology, Nov 1, 1995

Spindle/smooth muscle cell proliferation is an additional neoplastic process related to immunosup... more Spindle/smooth muscle cell proliferation is an additional neoplastic process related to immunosuppression and EBV infection. We describe four post transplant children with this diagnosis. Multiple organ systems may be involved, particularly the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs. Lesions are radiographically, clinically, and endoscopically indistinguishable from those of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD).

Pediatric Radiology, Jan 13, 2010

Heterotaxy with polysplenia is associated with many cardiovascular anomalies including the occasi... more Heterotaxy with polysplenia is associated with many cardiovascular anomalies including the occasional occurrence of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (CEPS). Missing this anomaly can lead to inappropriate and ineffective therapy. To emphasize the importance and associated anatomy of CEPS in conjunction with heterotaxy with polysplenia. Review of three young children who presented with cyanosis and pulmonary hypertension without a cardiac etiology. They were known (1) or discovered (2) to have heterotaxy with polysplenia. There was absence of the intrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) with azygos or hemiazygos continuation in all three cases. In spite of normal liver function, they were discovered to have large portosystemic shunts, splenorenal in location, along with diffuse peripheral pulmonary arterial dilatation suggestive of CEPS (Abernethy malformation) with hepatopulmonary or, more accurately, portopulmonary syndrome. All CEPS were ipsilateral to the spleens. Patency of the portal veins in these cases allowed for percutaneous shunt closure with resolution of cyanosis. CEPS is associated with heterotaxy with polysplenia and can be symptomatic because of pulmonary arteriovenous (AV) shunting. Portal and hepatic vein patency are critical for determining feasibility of CEPS closure.

Pediatric Radiology, Mar 22, 2006

This article addresses the scope, etiology, important associations and imaging features of congen... more This article addresses the scope, etiology, important associations and imaging features of congenital bronchopulmonary foregut malformations. Etiologic concepts, including airway obstruction and vascular anomalies, are highlighted. Technical imaging advances, especially CT and MR, have greatly enhanced our diagnostic abilities in evaluating these lesions; however, thorough and careful assessment of all aspects of the malformation is still necessary. Several specific lesions

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Critical Care Medicine, 1998

Society of Critical Care Medicine; 27th Educational and Scientific Symposium; San Antonio, Texas,... more Society of Critical Care Medicine; 27th Educational and Scientific Symposium; San Antonio, Texas, USA; February 4-8, 1998: Poster Hall: Thursday, February 5, 1998 5: 45-7: 15 pm; Friday, February 6, 1998 11: 40 am-1: 00 pm; Saturday, February 7, 1998 11: 40 am-1: 00 ...

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Radiologic Clinics of North America, May 1, 1993

The plain chest radiograph is the mainstay in the imaging assessment of the chest in a prospectiv... more The plain chest radiograph is the mainstay in the imaging assessment of the chest in a prospective organ recipient and is invaluable in the initial evaluation of posttransplant complications. Although the presence of focal or diffuse air-space disease on a chest radiograph is often nonspecific, this finding helps direct the choice of other diagnostic methods. Among cross-sectional imaging techniques, computed tomography is used most often to further define anatomy and abnormal findings and to guide needle biopsy or aspiration if necessary. A variety of posttransplant complications are discussed, including common postoperative findings, pulmonary infection, and organ rejection.

Pediatric Radiology, Nov 1, 1988

Eight (23%) of 35 children with acute pericardial effusions due to infection or juvenile rheumato... more Eight (23%) of 35 children with acute pericardial effusions due to infection or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis UP, A) had associated transient pulmonary edema demonstrated on plain chest radiographs. The presence or absence of radiographic pulmonary edema correlated well with clinical and hemodynamic parameters in patients with JRA but not in those with infectious pericarditis. There was no definite relationship between radiographic edema and amount of pericardial fluid as estimated echocardiographically or removed at pericardiocentests. Rapidity of pericardial fluid accumulation could not be assessed in this study. Children of young age with underlying JRA were the most likely subjects to have radiographic pulmonary edema in conjunction with an acute pericardial effusion.

Springer eBooks, 1999

Important recent advances have been made in the management of newborn infants with respiratory di... more Important recent advances have been made in the management of newborn infants with respiratory distress. Few therapeutic maneuvers have had a greater impact than surfactant and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Surfactant is a relatively inexpensive drug, administered quite easily through an endotracheal tube, and has had its greatest impact on the premature infant population in whom ECMO is usually contraindicated. Conversely, ECMO is a highly advanced, expensive, time and staff intensive, technically demanding procedure used mostly in full-term babies.

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Radiology, Jul 1, 1990

During orthotopic liver transplantation, ligation and division of the right adrenal vein during r... more During orthotopic liver transplantation, ligation and division of the right adrenal vein during recipient hepatectomy may lead to hemorrhagic infarction and/or hematoma formation in the right adrenal gland. Findings in seven liver transplant recipients included initially echogenic or anechoic suprarenal masses on ultrasound scans and inhomogeneous but predominantly hypoattenuating masses on computed tomographic scans. In patients who survived for 4 months or longen, hematomas resolved as early as 20 days and persisted as long as 11 weeks. There was autopsy proof of adrenal hemorrhage in three cases. The adrenal hematomas in this series produced no massive hemorrhages, adrenal insufficiency, or other clinical manifestations. Adrenal hemorrhage after liver transplantation should be recognized and specifically documented, but a hematoma that remains stable in size can be left alone.

Medical Physics, May 29, 2014

PURPOSE To investigate the radiation dose for pediatric high pitch cardiac CTA METHODS: A total o... more PURPOSE To investigate the radiation dose for pediatric high pitch cardiac CTA METHODS: A total of 14 cases were included in this study, with mean age of 6.2 years (ranges from 2 months to 15 years). Cardiac CTA was performed using a dual-source CT system (Definition Flash, Siemens). Tube voltage (70, 80 and 100kV) was chosen based on patient weight. All patients were scanned using a high-pitch spiral mode (pitch ranges from 2.5 to 3) with tube current modulation technique (CareDose4D, Siemens). For each case, the three dimensional dose distributions were calculated using a Monte Carlo software package (IMPACT-MC, CT Image GmbH). Scanning parameters of each exam, including tube voltage, tube current, beamshaping filters, beam collimation, were defined in the Monte Carlo calculation. Tube current profile along projection angles was obtained from projection data of each tube, which included data within the over-scanning range along z direction. The volume of lungs was segmented out with CT images (3DSlicer). Lung doses of all patients were calculated and compared with CTDIvol, DLP, and SSDE. RESULTS The average (range) of CTDIvol, DLP and SSDE of all patients was 1.19 mGy (0.58 to 3.12mGy), 31.54 mGy*cm (12.56 to 99 mGy*cm), 2.26 mGy (1.19 to 6.24 mGy), respectively. Radiation dose to the lungs ranged from 0.83 to 4.18 mGy. Lung doses correlated with CTDIvol, DLP and SSDE with correlation coefficients(k) at 0.98, 0.93, and 0.99. However, for the cases with CTDIvol less than 1mGy, only SSDE preserved a strong correlation with lung doses (k=0.83), while much weaker correlations were found for CTDIvol (k=0.29) and DLP (k=-0.47). CONCLUSION Lung doses to pediatric patients during Cardiac CTA were estimated. SSDE showed the most robust correlation with lung doses in contrast to CTDIvol and DLP.

Radiologic Clinics of North America, May 1, 1993

There are several key plain film findings that raise suspicion for and aid in the differentiation... more There are several key plain film findings that raise suspicion for and aid in the differentiation of congenital heart defects. These 'telltale' signs and their significance and the additional necessary imaging studies of cardiac lesions are discussed with particular emphasis on the role of magnetic resonance imaging.

Pediatric Radiology, Aug 1, 1994

Thirteen children initially suspected to have an intrathoracic or intraabdominal mass had malposi... more Thirteen children initially suspected to have an intrathoracic or intraabdominal mass had malposition of the liver and/or spleen discovered by ultrasound. This group consisted of five children with diaphragmatic eventration or hernia and eight with wandering spleen or liver. Careful ultrasonographic examinations were diagnostic in all patients; seven had surgical confirmation. CT, MRI, nuclear scan and fluoroscopic imaging were useful in select instances. The liver and spleen have a characteristic anatomic configuration and sonographic appearance that should enable them to be recognized, and pathological alterations appreciated, even when these organs are ectopic in location or malformed.

Pediatric Cardiology, Feb 28, 1997

Intrapericardial aneurysm of the left atrium is a rare cardiac anomaly. We present a 10-year-old ... more Intrapericardial aneurysm of the left atrium is a rare cardiac anomaly. We present a 10-year-old girl in whom the diagnosis was made following referral for an abnormal configuration of the left heart border seen on chest radiography. Diagnosis was made by echocardiography, but magnetic resonance imaging defined the exact morphology and the relation to adjacent structures. Surgical removal of this aneurysm is recommended because of potentially serious complications.