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Papers by Bhagavandas Rai

Contemporary Clinical Dentistry, 2018

Context: Supernumerary teeth/tooth (ST) is a developmental anomaly of dentition. Variation in dev... more Context: Supernumerary teeth/tooth (ST) is a developmental anomaly of dentition. Variation in developmental and eruption pattern of ST can lead to the development of numerous complications in oral cavity. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence, characteristics, and morphology of ST among patients visiting a dental institution in Rajasthan, India. Materials and Methods: During 1-year study, clinical examination of 9248 participants was performed. Morphology, type, location, number, position of eruption, state of eruption of ST, and associated complications were determined. Correlations between location of ST based on position of eruption, state of eruption, and associated complications were also determined using Chi-square test. Results: The frequency of presence of ST in the studied population was 0.63% (58 participants). In these 58 participants, eighty-two supernumeraries were found. Forty-six participants (79.32%) presented with one ST. Males were more affected ...

International Journal of Dental Clinics, 2015

Purpose: The use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of maxillofacial trauma repres... more Purpose: The use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of maxillofacial trauma represents the cornerstone of fracture reduction and immobilization. Many modalities of IMF have been described; recently IMF screws have been introduced into clinical practice. We performed prospective study to assess the efficacy of IMF screws for maxillo-mandibular fixation. Material and Methods: 18 patients with mandibular fractures treated by using IMF screws, were evaluated by pre-op and post-op panoramic radiographs. Clinical examination was carried out for vitality and abnormal mobility of teeth adjacent to the site of screw insertion, to evaluate the efficacy of this method different factor such as iatrogenic dental injuries, loss, breakage or screw cover by oral mucosa, post-operative occlusion, injury to nerve and loosening of screw. Results: the most common complication was 10. 95% screws were covered by oral mucosa, 8. 2% screws were loosened at the time of removal, 1. 4% screw wa...

International Journal of Dental Clinics, 2010

A case of visual loss following Cranio-maxillofacial trauma is reported. The patient had partial ... more A case of visual loss following Cranio-maxillofacial trauma is reported. The patient had partial blindness and inability to close the eyelid with right eye; it was associated with displaced fracture of right lateral and inferior wall of the orbit. Access to the fracture site was achieved through incision placed on fronto-zygomatic region (lateral eyebrow approach). The fractured fragment was elevated and fixed with 4 hole miniplate with gap 1.5mm. The patient had total return of visual acuity without surgical complications. He could also close his right eye; the role of orbital and optic decompression in the management of patients with traumatic optic neuropathy is discussed in this article. Indications of such cases are controversial and the procedures should be considered only with the context of specific needs of the individual patients.

Aggressive fibromatosis involving the facial bone and facial soft tissue is rare. We present a ca... more Aggressive fibromatosis involving the facial bone and facial soft tissue is rare. We present a case of aggressive fibromatosis of the upper lip in a 72-year-old male, who was treated by aggressive resection with 16 months follow up and no recurrence.

International Journal of Dental Clinics, 2010

Squamous cell carcinomas of maxillary gingival buccal sulcus are relatively rare tumors and repre... more Squamous cell carcinomas of maxillary gingival buccal sulcus are relatively rare tumors and represents less than 10% of diagnosed intraoral carcinoma. In this case report we present a squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary gingival buccal sulcus. The diagnosis and the management are discussed. The clinical and histopathological photographs depict the findings.

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

Background. The long term management of miniplate fixation osteosynthesis remains debatable and c... more Background. The long term management of miniplate fixation osteosynthesis remains debatable and controversial with few authors advocating routine removal of the miniplates after 3-6 months of placement, while others recommend retention of the miniplates unless their removal is clinically indicated. Objective. The aim was to study the incidence, indications, time gap, role of metallic composition and site of removal of miniplates in operated cases of maxillofacial region over a two-year period. Methods. Patients undergoing removal of miniplates over 2-year period were studied and evaluated regarding the number of miniplates removed, time gap present between fixation and removal of miniplates, indications for removal, metallic composition of miniplates removed, sites of removal and complications. Correlations between indications for miniplate removal based upon time gap, metallic composition, age group and number of miniplates present were determined using Chi-square test. Correlation...

International Journal of Dental Clinics, 2012

Background: A recent study among outpatients in various dental hospitals in Udaipur was lacking. ... more Background: A recent study among outpatients in various dental hospitals in Udaipur was lacking. Aims and Objectives: To obtain information on the tooth morbidity pattern among outpatients attending a private dental college for one year period. Materials and Methods: A retrospective hospital record based study from 01.01.2009 to 31.12.2009 was carried out among individuals attending the outpatient department (OPD) of the Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. A total of 10,278 new patients attended the OPD during the study period. Systematic random sampling (1 in every 20 patients) was done and 514 patients selected. After excluding patients visiting the emergency department, those who got admitted and whose records were not available, 500 cases were analyzed. The demographic details, morbidity pattern, average number of teeth removed were noted. Results: Periodontitis and dental caries were the most common reasons for extraction, i.e., 77% and 19.8% respect...

International Journal of Dental Clinics, Mar 31, 2012

A case of visual loss following Cranio-maxillofacial trauma is reported. The patient had partial ... more A case of visual loss following Cranio-maxillofacial trauma is reported. The patient had partial blindness and inability to close the eyelid with right eye; it was associated with displaced fracture of right lateral and inferior wall of the orbit. Access to the fracture site was achieved through incision placed on fronto-zygomatic region (lateral eyebrow approach). The fractured fragment was elevated and fixed with 4 hole miniplate with gap 1.5mm. The patient had total return of visual acuity without surgical complications. He could also close his right eye; the role of orbital and optic decompression in the management of patients with traumatic optic neuropathy is discussed in this article. Indications of such cases are controversial and the procedures should be considered only with the context of specific needs of the individual patients.

Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery, 2010

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental non-inflammatory odontogenic cyst which is propos... more Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental non-inflammatory odontogenic cyst which is proposed to be arising from cell rests of dental lamina. Among the jaw cysts OKCs account for third most common following radicular and dentigerous cyst. Most of the studies have stated that posterior part of the mandible is the most common site, but there are inconsistencies regarding the prominent location of OKCs in the maxilla. Very few studies and cases are reported with OKCs crossing maxillary midline. If do occur they are in older individuals. According to WHO reclassification, this cyst is considered as Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumour (KCOT) because of its neoplastic nature. This article describes a rare site of occurrence of this lesion especially in young patient.

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2012

The aim of this study is to demonstrate whether articaine hydrochloride administered alone as a s... more The aim of this study is to demonstrate whether articaine hydrochloride administered alone as a single buccal infiltration in maxillary tooth removal, can provide favourable palatal anesthesia as compared to buccal and palatal injection of lidocaine. The study population consisted of 30 patients who were undergoing orthodontic treatment, and who required bilateral extraction of maxillary permanent premolars as per their orthodontic treatment plan. On the experimental side, 4 % articaine/HCl was injected into the buccal vestibule of the tooth to be extracted. On the control side, 2 % lignocaine HCl was injected both into the buccal and the palatal side of the tooth to be extracted. Following tooth extraction all patients completed a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) and faces pain scale (FPS) to rate the pain on extraction. According to the VAS and FPS scores, the pain on extraction between buccal infiltration of articaine and the routine buccal and palatal infiltration of lignocaine was statistically insignificant. The routine use of a palatal injection for the removal of permanent maxillary premolar teeth may not be required when articaine/HCl is used as the local anesthetic.

Indian Journal of Dental Research, 2011

The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), first described by Phillipsen in 1956, has metamorphosized as a... more The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), first described by Phillipsen in 1956, has metamorphosized as a keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) as reported in WHO classification of head and neck tumors in 2005. KCOT is a benign intraosseous neoplasm of the jaw and its occurrence in maxilla is unusual and its appearance in maxillary antrum along with maxillary impacted third molar is very uncommon. This article reports a case of KCOT associated with impacted maxillary third molar in right maxillary antrum and describes its rare site of occurrence.

International Journal of Dental Clinics, Dec 31, 2009

Aggressive fibromatosis involving the facial bone and facial soft tissue is rare. We present a ca... more Aggressive fibromatosis involving the facial bone and facial soft tissue is rare. We present a case of aggressive fibromatosis of the upper lip in a 72-year-old male, who was treated by aggressive resection with 16 months follow up and no recurrence.

Contemporary Clinical Dentistry, 2018

Context: Supernumerary teeth/tooth (ST) is a developmental anomaly of dentition. Variation in dev... more Context: Supernumerary teeth/tooth (ST) is a developmental anomaly of dentition. Variation in developmental and eruption pattern of ST can lead to the development of numerous complications in oral cavity. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence, characteristics, and morphology of ST among patients visiting a dental institution in Rajasthan, India. Materials and Methods: During 1-year study, clinical examination of 9248 participants was performed. Morphology, type, location, number, position of eruption, state of eruption of ST, and associated complications were determined. Correlations between location of ST based on position of eruption, state of eruption, and associated complications were also determined using Chi-square test. Results: The frequency of presence of ST in the studied population was 0.63% (58 participants). In these 58 participants, eighty-two supernumeraries were found. Forty-six participants (79.32%) presented with one ST. Males were more affected ...

International Journal of Dental Clinics, 2015

Purpose: The use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of maxillofacial trauma repres... more Purpose: The use of intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of maxillofacial trauma represents the cornerstone of fracture reduction and immobilization. Many modalities of IMF have been described; recently IMF screws have been introduced into clinical practice. We performed prospective study to assess the efficacy of IMF screws for maxillo-mandibular fixation. Material and Methods: 18 patients with mandibular fractures treated by using IMF screws, were evaluated by pre-op and post-op panoramic radiographs. Clinical examination was carried out for vitality and abnormal mobility of teeth adjacent to the site of screw insertion, to evaluate the efficacy of this method different factor such as iatrogenic dental injuries, loss, breakage or screw cover by oral mucosa, post-operative occlusion, injury to nerve and loosening of screw. Results: the most common complication was 10. 95% screws were covered by oral mucosa, 8. 2% screws were loosened at the time of removal, 1. 4% screw wa...

International Journal of Dental Clinics, 2010

A case of visual loss following Cranio-maxillofacial trauma is reported. The patient had partial ... more A case of visual loss following Cranio-maxillofacial trauma is reported. The patient had partial blindness and inability to close the eyelid with right eye; it was associated with displaced fracture of right lateral and inferior wall of the orbit. Access to the fracture site was achieved through incision placed on fronto-zygomatic region (lateral eyebrow approach). The fractured fragment was elevated and fixed with 4 hole miniplate with gap 1.5mm. The patient had total return of visual acuity without surgical complications. He could also close his right eye; the role of orbital and optic decompression in the management of patients with traumatic optic neuropathy is discussed in this article. Indications of such cases are controversial and the procedures should be considered only with the context of specific needs of the individual patients.

Aggressive fibromatosis involving the facial bone and facial soft tissue is rare. We present a ca... more Aggressive fibromatosis involving the facial bone and facial soft tissue is rare. We present a case of aggressive fibromatosis of the upper lip in a 72-year-old male, who was treated by aggressive resection with 16 months follow up and no recurrence.

International Journal of Dental Clinics, 2010

Squamous cell carcinomas of maxillary gingival buccal sulcus are relatively rare tumors and repre... more Squamous cell carcinomas of maxillary gingival buccal sulcus are relatively rare tumors and represents less than 10% of diagnosed intraoral carcinoma. In this case report we present a squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary gingival buccal sulcus. The diagnosis and the management are discussed. The clinical and histopathological photographs depict the findings.

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

Background. The long term management of miniplate fixation osteosynthesis remains debatable and c... more Background. The long term management of miniplate fixation osteosynthesis remains debatable and controversial with few authors advocating routine removal of the miniplates after 3-6 months of placement, while others recommend retention of the miniplates unless their removal is clinically indicated. Objective. The aim was to study the incidence, indications, time gap, role of metallic composition and site of removal of miniplates in operated cases of maxillofacial region over a two-year period. Methods. Patients undergoing removal of miniplates over 2-year period were studied and evaluated regarding the number of miniplates removed, time gap present between fixation and removal of miniplates, indications for removal, metallic composition of miniplates removed, sites of removal and complications. Correlations between indications for miniplate removal based upon time gap, metallic composition, age group and number of miniplates present were determined using Chi-square test. Correlation...

International Journal of Dental Clinics, 2012

Background: A recent study among outpatients in various dental hospitals in Udaipur was lacking. ... more Background: A recent study among outpatients in various dental hospitals in Udaipur was lacking. Aims and Objectives: To obtain information on the tooth morbidity pattern among outpatients attending a private dental college for one year period. Materials and Methods: A retrospective hospital record based study from 01.01.2009 to 31.12.2009 was carried out among individuals attending the outpatient department (OPD) of the Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. A total of 10,278 new patients attended the OPD during the study period. Systematic random sampling (1 in every 20 patients) was done and 514 patients selected. After excluding patients visiting the emergency department, those who got admitted and whose records were not available, 500 cases were analyzed. The demographic details, morbidity pattern, average number of teeth removed were noted. Results: Periodontitis and dental caries were the most common reasons for extraction, i.e., 77% and 19.8% respect...

International Journal of Dental Clinics, Mar 31, 2012

A case of visual loss following Cranio-maxillofacial trauma is reported. The patient had partial ... more A case of visual loss following Cranio-maxillofacial trauma is reported. The patient had partial blindness and inability to close the eyelid with right eye; it was associated with displaced fracture of right lateral and inferior wall of the orbit. Access to the fracture site was achieved through incision placed on fronto-zygomatic region (lateral eyebrow approach). The fractured fragment was elevated and fixed with 4 hole miniplate with gap 1.5mm. The patient had total return of visual acuity without surgical complications. He could also close his right eye; the role of orbital and optic decompression in the management of patients with traumatic optic neuropathy is discussed in this article. Indications of such cases are controversial and the procedures should be considered only with the context of specific needs of the individual patients.

Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery, 2010

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental non-inflammatory odontogenic cyst which is propos... more Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental non-inflammatory odontogenic cyst which is proposed to be arising from cell rests of dental lamina. Among the jaw cysts OKCs account for third most common following radicular and dentigerous cyst. Most of the studies have stated that posterior part of the mandible is the most common site, but there are inconsistencies regarding the prominent location of OKCs in the maxilla. Very few studies and cases are reported with OKCs crossing maxillary midline. If do occur they are in older individuals. According to WHO reclassification, this cyst is considered as Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumour (KCOT) because of its neoplastic nature. This article describes a rare site of occurrence of this lesion especially in young patient.

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2012

The aim of this study is to demonstrate whether articaine hydrochloride administered alone as a s... more The aim of this study is to demonstrate whether articaine hydrochloride administered alone as a single buccal infiltration in maxillary tooth removal, can provide favourable palatal anesthesia as compared to buccal and palatal injection of lidocaine. The study population consisted of 30 patients who were undergoing orthodontic treatment, and who required bilateral extraction of maxillary permanent premolars as per their orthodontic treatment plan. On the experimental side, 4 % articaine/HCl was injected into the buccal vestibule of the tooth to be extracted. On the control side, 2 % lignocaine HCl was injected both into the buccal and the palatal side of the tooth to be extracted. Following tooth extraction all patients completed a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) and faces pain scale (FPS) to rate the pain on extraction. According to the VAS and FPS scores, the pain on extraction between buccal infiltration of articaine and the routine buccal and palatal infiltration of lignocaine was statistically insignificant. The routine use of a palatal injection for the removal of permanent maxillary premolar teeth may not be required when articaine/HCl is used as the local anesthetic.

Indian Journal of Dental Research, 2011

The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), first described by Phillipsen in 1956, has metamorphosized as a... more The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), first described by Phillipsen in 1956, has metamorphosized as a keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) as reported in WHO classification of head and neck tumors in 2005. KCOT is a benign intraosseous neoplasm of the jaw and its occurrence in maxilla is unusual and its appearance in maxillary antrum along with maxillary impacted third molar is very uncommon. This article reports a case of KCOT associated with impacted maxillary third molar in right maxillary antrum and describes its rare site of occurrence.

International Journal of Dental Clinics, Dec 31, 2009

Aggressive fibromatosis involving the facial bone and facial soft tissue is rare. We present a ca... more Aggressive fibromatosis involving the facial bone and facial soft tissue is rare. We present a case of aggressive fibromatosis of the upper lip in a 72-year-old male, who was treated by aggressive resection with 16 months follow up and no recurrence.