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Papers by Bhaskar Singh Karky

Research paper thumbnail of Community forestry as a pre-requisite for REDD

Research paper thumbnail of Harnessing REDD+ for Community Involvement and Equitable Benefit Distribution: Insights from Dhankuta District, Nepal

Research paper thumbnail of Are Countries Ready for REDD+ Payments? REDD+ Readiness in Bhutan, India, Myanmar, and Nepal

Sustainability, Mar 31, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Adaptation strategy to address climate change impacts in the mountains: the case of Nepal

Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Lessons learned and future directions

... education activities”, “social services activities” and “outdoor leisure and exploratory acti... more ... education activities”, “social services activities” and “outdoor leisure and exploratory activities” (Yen ... learning for change”, critical and reflective thinking and possibly having values and capability ... of system learning as well as highlighted sustained learning actions (Wang, 2005 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Learning on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation; Proceedings of the regional workshop held 24 to 27 July 2012 in Kathmandu

Research paper thumbnail of Promoting REDD+ compatible timber value chains The teak value chain in Myanmar and its compatibility with REDD+; ICIMOD Working Paper 2019/3

Research paper thumbnail of Building Timber Value Chains for REDD+ in Nepal; ICIMOD Working Paper 2016/9

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship Between REDD and Livestock Production Systems: Multinomial Choice Analysis

Journal of Animal Production Advances, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Payment for environmental services - an approach to enhancing water storage capacity

Research paper thumbnail of Carbon measurement methodology and results

Research paper thumbnail of Making incremental progress: impacts of a REDD+ pilot initiative in Nepal

Environmental Research Letters, Sep 24, 2020

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) encompasses a range of incen... more Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) encompasses a range of incentives for developing countries to slow, halt and reverse forest loss and associated forest carbon emissions. Where there is high dependence on biomass energy, cleaner cooking transitions are key to REDD+’s success. Given the poor track record of efforts to promote clean cooking, more evidence is needed on the potential for REDD+ to reduce unsustainable extraction of biomass energy. We present a quasi-experimental impact evaluation of REDD+ in Nepal. Unsurprisingly, we find little evidence of impacts on forest carbon in just two years. We do find that REDD+ reduced forest disturbance as measured by four plot-level indicators (signs of forest fire, soil erosion, encroachment and wildlife) that are predictive of future changes in net carbon emissions and reflective of reduced extraction pressure by households. While our analysis of household survey data does not show that REDD+ reduced harvest of forest products, we find some evidence that it reduced household dependence on firewood for cooking, possibly by increasing use of biogas. Thus, communities in Nepal appear to have improved conditions in their forests without undermining local benefits of those forests. To secure progress towards reduced emissions and improved livelihoods, interventions must be designed to effectively meet household energy needs.

Research paper thumbnail of Community monitoring in REDD

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Community and User Attributes in Collective Action: Case Study of Community-Based Forest Management in Nepal

Research paper thumbnail of The economics of reducing emissions from community managed forests in Nepal Himalaya

Research paper thumbnail of The cost of carbon abatement through community forest management in Nepal Himalaya

Ecological Economics, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Forest Fire in the Hindu Kush Himalayas: A Major Challenge for Climate Action

Journal of Forest and Livelihood

Forest fire has been one of the compelling issues in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region. To pr... more Forest fire has been one of the compelling issues in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region. To promote regeneration, clearing fields for agriculture, hunting, and security reasons, local people deliberately set forests on fire. In this paper, active fire incidents, temperature, precipitation, and the changes of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Carbon monoxide (CO) value associated with forest fire were evaluated. The active forest fire incidents obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite are supplemented by the ERA5-land dataset to see the relation between precipitation and temperature with forest fires. MODIS and Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) sensor datasets were used to see the changes in AOD and CO in the region. MODIS sensor detected more than 30,462 active fires incidents in March and April 2021 in the study areas. Shan State of Myanmar recorded the maximum number of active fire incidents which is due to the practice of shift...

Research paper thumbnail of Opportunity Costs of Forest Conservation in Nepal

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change

Forest biomass may vary by species composition, location, management regimes, and management inte... more Forest biomass may vary by species composition, location, management regimes, and management interventions. To assess the variation in biomass production by management regimes, we conducted a study in three physiographic regions (mid-hills, Siwaliks and Terai) of Nepal with four different management regimes (community forest, collaborative forest, protected area, and protected forest). As community forest is the dominant forest management regime in Nepal, it was studied in all physiographic regions whereas the other two regimes were drawn only from the Terai. We interviewed a total of 1,115 forest user households, which was supplemented by high-resolution satellite image analysis and forest inventory to estimate the costs and benefits of forest management and calculate the opportunity cost of conserving forest. Our estimates suggest that the opportunity cost of conserving forest in Nepal ranged from USD 654/ha in collaborative forest to USD 3,663/ha in protected forest in 2015. The ...

Research paper thumbnail of Transforming mountain forestry in the Hindu Kush Himalayas: toward a third-generation forest management paradigm

Research paper thumbnail of Contributions by the Private Sector to Climate Change Mitigation: Lessons from the Plantec Coffee Estate in Nepal; ICIMOD Working Paper 2017/15

Research paper thumbnail of Community forestry as a pre-requisite for REDD

Research paper thumbnail of Harnessing REDD+ for Community Involvement and Equitable Benefit Distribution: Insights from Dhankuta District, Nepal

Research paper thumbnail of Are Countries Ready for REDD+ Payments? REDD+ Readiness in Bhutan, India, Myanmar, and Nepal

Sustainability, Mar 31, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Adaptation strategy to address climate change impacts in the mountains: the case of Nepal

Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks, Jun 9, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Lessons learned and future directions

... education activities”, “social services activities” and “outdoor leisure and exploratory acti... more ... education activities”, “social services activities” and “outdoor leisure and exploratory activities” (Yen ... learning for change”, critical and reflective thinking and possibly having values and capability ... of system learning as well as highlighted sustained learning actions (Wang, 2005 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Learning on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation; Proceedings of the regional workshop held 24 to 27 July 2012 in Kathmandu

Research paper thumbnail of Promoting REDD+ compatible timber value chains The teak value chain in Myanmar and its compatibility with REDD+; ICIMOD Working Paper 2019/3

Research paper thumbnail of Building Timber Value Chains for REDD+ in Nepal; ICIMOD Working Paper 2016/9

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship Between REDD and Livestock Production Systems: Multinomial Choice Analysis

Journal of Animal Production Advances, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Payment for environmental services - an approach to enhancing water storage capacity

Research paper thumbnail of Carbon measurement methodology and results

Research paper thumbnail of Making incremental progress: impacts of a REDD+ pilot initiative in Nepal

Environmental Research Letters, Sep 24, 2020

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) encompasses a range of incen... more Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) encompasses a range of incentives for developing countries to slow, halt and reverse forest loss and associated forest carbon emissions. Where there is high dependence on biomass energy, cleaner cooking transitions are key to REDD+’s success. Given the poor track record of efforts to promote clean cooking, more evidence is needed on the potential for REDD+ to reduce unsustainable extraction of biomass energy. We present a quasi-experimental impact evaluation of REDD+ in Nepal. Unsurprisingly, we find little evidence of impacts on forest carbon in just two years. We do find that REDD+ reduced forest disturbance as measured by four plot-level indicators (signs of forest fire, soil erosion, encroachment and wildlife) that are predictive of future changes in net carbon emissions and reflective of reduced extraction pressure by households. While our analysis of household survey data does not show that REDD+ reduced harvest of forest products, we find some evidence that it reduced household dependence on firewood for cooking, possibly by increasing use of biogas. Thus, communities in Nepal appear to have improved conditions in their forests without undermining local benefits of those forests. To secure progress towards reduced emissions and improved livelihoods, interventions must be designed to effectively meet household energy needs.

Research paper thumbnail of Community monitoring in REDD

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Community and User Attributes in Collective Action: Case Study of Community-Based Forest Management in Nepal

Research paper thumbnail of The economics of reducing emissions from community managed forests in Nepal Himalaya

Research paper thumbnail of The cost of carbon abatement through community forest management in Nepal Himalaya

Ecological Economics, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Forest Fire in the Hindu Kush Himalayas: A Major Challenge for Climate Action

Journal of Forest and Livelihood

Forest fire has been one of the compelling issues in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region. To pr... more Forest fire has been one of the compelling issues in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region. To promote regeneration, clearing fields for agriculture, hunting, and security reasons, local people deliberately set forests on fire. In this paper, active fire incidents, temperature, precipitation, and the changes of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Carbon monoxide (CO) value associated with forest fire were evaluated. The active forest fire incidents obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite are supplemented by the ERA5-land dataset to see the relation between precipitation and temperature with forest fires. MODIS and Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) sensor datasets were used to see the changes in AOD and CO in the region. MODIS sensor detected more than 30,462 active fires incidents in March and April 2021 in the study areas. Shan State of Myanmar recorded the maximum number of active fire incidents which is due to the practice of shift...

Research paper thumbnail of Opportunity Costs of Forest Conservation in Nepal

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change

Forest biomass may vary by species composition, location, management regimes, and management inte... more Forest biomass may vary by species composition, location, management regimes, and management interventions. To assess the variation in biomass production by management regimes, we conducted a study in three physiographic regions (mid-hills, Siwaliks and Terai) of Nepal with four different management regimes (community forest, collaborative forest, protected area, and protected forest). As community forest is the dominant forest management regime in Nepal, it was studied in all physiographic regions whereas the other two regimes were drawn only from the Terai. We interviewed a total of 1,115 forest user households, which was supplemented by high-resolution satellite image analysis and forest inventory to estimate the costs and benefits of forest management and calculate the opportunity cost of conserving forest. Our estimates suggest that the opportunity cost of conserving forest in Nepal ranged from USD 654/ha in collaborative forest to USD 3,663/ha in protected forest in 2015. The ...

Research paper thumbnail of Transforming mountain forestry in the Hindu Kush Himalayas: toward a third-generation forest management paradigm

Research paper thumbnail of Contributions by the Private Sector to Climate Change Mitigation: Lessons from the Plantec Coffee Estate in Nepal; ICIMOD Working Paper 2017/15