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The water system plays an indispensable role on the planet earth for the survival of living speci... more The water system plays an indispensable role on the planet earth for the survival of living species as well as for the sustainability of ecosystem. However, numerous factors like population growth, industrial activities, rapid urbanization, depletion of aquifers, climate change, several anthropogenic activities, geogenic activities etc. influence the water system. Therefore, the proper management of water resources has become the need of the time because its management and study will be much helpful to cater the safe water for the increasing population globally. In such direction, isotope technology has been emerged and established as an efficient scientific tool to combat the water related issues like ground water recharge studies, its quality management, surface water studies, salinization and contamination studies etc. The present paper highlights the importance of isotope technology for the management of water resources in changing climatic conditions.

Arsenic is present in environment in trace amounts in rocks, soil, water and air but its toxicity... more Arsenic is present in environment in trace amounts in rocks, soil, water and air but its toxicity effects are highly dependent on its chemical forms; inorganic and organic. There is a direct association between elevated arsenic exposure through drinking water and prevalence of different types of cancers. Present review describes the brief account of arsenic chemistry with reference to water and environment which is relevant to its toxicity arising out of different arsenic species and finally its remediation technologies. The quantification of arsenic species is difficult owing to the low concentration of arsenic in drinking water which is relatively lower than detection limits of modern analytical methods. New hyphenated techniques with more advanced tools have therefore, been discussed in the present paper which are being used in arsenic speciation analysis. The present review also highlights the importance to identify and quantify each chemical species of arsenic as more than 20 a...

The water quality of six drinking surface water sources of Pithoragarh district of hilly state Ut... more The water quality of six drinking surface water sources of Pithoragarh district of hilly state Uttarakhand has been accessed. The spatial and temporal variations of water quality parameters have been explained with the help of Box and Whisker plots. The selected surface water sources of Pithoragarh district were evaluated on pre-monsoon and post monsoon basis for two consecutive years of 2010 and 2011. The analyzed water quality data was interpreted through various statistical tools and softwares viz. Box and Whisker Plots, Piper and Trilinear Diagram, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Water Quality Index (WQI). The seasonal variation in water quality parameters in surface water might be ascribed mainly due to anthropogenic and hydro-geological activities. Further, Pearson Correlation Coefficient revealed positive and negative correlations, which indicated the interrelationships and interactions between certain water quality parameters. The WQI values...

The variety of plants, animals and microorganisms reflect the biodiversity of that area. Uttarakh... more The variety of plants, animals and microorganisms reflect the biodiversity of that area. Uttarakhand state falls under Central Himalaya which is rich in biodiversity as this area exhibits large number of plants and animals. There are about 7000 species of plants and 500 species of fauna in Uttarakhand state. Contribution of floral diversity is 31% of total floral density of India whereas fauna contributes just 1.58% of the total faunal density of the country. Besides, there are 119 endemic species of flowering plants in the state that exhibited 2.35% endemism and 35 faunal endemic species including 11 vertebrates and 24 invertebrates. Many plant and animal species are threatened, rare or becoming extint therefore some major initiatives have been taken such as 6 wild life sanctuaries, 5 national parks, one conservation reserve and one biosphere reserve has been established apart from this few herbal gardens, arboretums, parks, zoos, medicinal and aromatic plant area, sacred grooves h...

The health troubles due to poor drinking water quality are huge. The impact of increasing develop... more The health troubles due to poor drinking water quality are huge. The impact of increasing developmental activities, pollution and over-exploitation are altering the distribution of safe water. Besides this, the non-uniform distribution of rainfall due to changing climatic conditions aggravated the trouble. Both point and non-point sources of pollution affect the drinking water quality dominantly. The lack of education and awareness among community people and students about the drinking water quality are also key issues for health problems due to the consumption of contaminated water. Therefore, the knowledge of drinking water quality including health hygiene and sanitation aspects among students and community people is an urgent need. The present paper highlights the need of education about water quality, significant scientific information about the selected drinking water quality parameters, reasons of water quality deterioration, its health impacts etc.

The health troubles due to poor drinking water quality are huge. The impact of increasing develop... more The health troubles due to poor drinking water quality are huge. The impact of increasing developmental activities, pollution and over-exploitation are altering the distribution of safe water. Besides this, the non-uniform distribution of rainfall due to changing climatic conditions aggravated the trouble. Both point and non-point sources of pollution affect the drinking water quality dominantly. The lack of education and awareness among community people and students about the drinking water quality are also key issues for health problems due to the consumption of contaminated water. Therefore, the knowledge of drinking water quality including health hygiene and sanitation aspects among students and community people is an urgent need. The present paper highlights the need of education about water quality, significant scientific information about the selected drinking water quality parameters, reasons of water quality deterioration, its health impacts etc.

Journal of Xenobiotics, 2016

Pharmaceutical products and their wastes play a major role in the degradation of environment. The... more Pharmaceutical products and their wastes play a major role in the degradation of environment. These drugs have positive as well as negative consequences on different environmental components including biota in different ways. Many types of pharmaceutical substances have been detected with significant concentrations through various advanced instrumental techniques in surface water, subsurface water, ground water, domestic waste water, municipal waste water and industrial effluents. The central as well as state governments in India are providing supports by creating excise duty free zones to promote the pharmaceutical manufacturers for their production. As a result, pharmaceutical companies are producing different types of pharmaceutical products at large scale and also producing complex non-biodegradable toxic wastes byproducts and releasing untreated or partially treated wastes in the environment in absence of strong regulations. These waste pollutants are contaminating all types of...

Analytical Chemistry Letters, 2015

Abstract The water quality of six drinking surface water sources of Pithoragarh district of hilly... more Abstract The water quality of six drinking surface water sources of Pithoragarh district of hilly state Uttarakhand has been accessed. The spatial and temporal variations of water quality parameters have been explained with the help of Box and Whisker plots. The selected surface water sources of Pithoragarh district were evaluated on pre-monsoon and post monsoon basis for two consecutive years of 2010 and 2011. The analyzed water quality data was interpreted through various statistical tools and softwares viz. Box and Whisker Plots, Piper and Trilinear Diagram, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Water Quality Index (WQI). The seasonal variation in water quality parameters in surface water might be ascribed mainly due to anthropogenic and hydro-geological activities. Further, Pearson Correlation Coefficient revealed positive and negative correlations, which indicated the interrelationships and interactions between certain water quality parameters. The WQI values pointed out that some of the water sources fall under poor, very poor and unsuitable categories.

International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management, 2015

Journal of Laboratory Chemical Education, 2013

Metal ion analysis is an important aspect during water quality mon itoring of either surface or g... more Metal ion analysis is an important aspect during water quality mon itoring of either surface or ground water sources. In spite of the availability of several other metal ion analysis techniques for drinking water samp les, today atomic absorption spectroscopic (AAS) method is most commonly being used due to the reproducibility of results, short analysis time, cost effective, lo wer level detection and hyphenated in nature. Therefore, we have attempted to describe the atomic absorption spectroscopic analytical technique in a simple manner. The principle, instrumentation, water sample collection and their preservation, sample preparation, instrument calib ration and data analysis for AAS analysis have been described in a simple manner specially for under graduate and post graduate students.

The water system plays an indispensable role on the planet earth for the survival of living speci... more The water system plays an indispensable role on the planet earth for the survival of living species as well as for the sustainability of ecosystem. However, numerous factors like population growth, industrial activities, rapid urbanization, depletion of aquifers, climate change, several anthropogenic activities, geogenic activities etc. influence the water system. Therefore, the proper management of water resources has become the need of the time because its management and study will be much helpful to cater the safe water for the increasing population globally. In such direction, isotope technology has been emerged and established as an efficient scientific tool to combat the water related issues like ground water recharge studies, its quality management, surface water studies, salinization and contamination studies etc. The present paper highlights the importance of isotope technology for the management of water resources in changing climatic conditions.

Arsenic is present in environment in trace amounts in rocks, soil, water and air but its toxicity... more Arsenic is present in environment in trace amounts in rocks, soil, water and air but its toxicity effects are highly dependent on its chemical forms; inorganic and organic. There is a direct association between elevated arsenic exposure through drinking water and prevalence of different types of cancers. Present review describes the brief account of arsenic chemistry with reference to water and environment which is relevant to its toxicity arising out of different arsenic species and finally its remediation technologies. The quantification of arsenic species is difficult owing to the low concentration of arsenic in drinking water which is relatively lower than detection limits of modern analytical methods. New hyphenated techniques with more advanced tools have therefore, been discussed in the present paper which are being used in arsenic speciation analysis. The present review also highlights the importance to identify and quantify each chemical species of arsenic as more than 20 a...

The water quality of six drinking surface water sources of Pithoragarh district of hilly state Ut... more The water quality of six drinking surface water sources of Pithoragarh district of hilly state Uttarakhand has been accessed. The spatial and temporal variations of water quality parameters have been explained with the help of Box and Whisker plots. The selected surface water sources of Pithoragarh district were evaluated on pre-monsoon and post monsoon basis for two consecutive years of 2010 and 2011. The analyzed water quality data was interpreted through various statistical tools and softwares viz. Box and Whisker Plots, Piper and Trilinear Diagram, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Water Quality Index (WQI). The seasonal variation in water quality parameters in surface water might be ascribed mainly due to anthropogenic and hydro-geological activities. Further, Pearson Correlation Coefficient revealed positive and negative correlations, which indicated the interrelationships and interactions between certain water quality parameters. The WQI values...

The variety of plants, animals and microorganisms reflect the biodiversity of that area. Uttarakh... more The variety of plants, animals and microorganisms reflect the biodiversity of that area. Uttarakhand state falls under Central Himalaya which is rich in biodiversity as this area exhibits large number of plants and animals. There are about 7000 species of plants and 500 species of fauna in Uttarakhand state. Contribution of floral diversity is 31% of total floral density of India whereas fauna contributes just 1.58% of the total faunal density of the country. Besides, there are 119 endemic species of flowering plants in the state that exhibited 2.35% endemism and 35 faunal endemic species including 11 vertebrates and 24 invertebrates. Many plant and animal species are threatened, rare or becoming extint therefore some major initiatives have been taken such as 6 wild life sanctuaries, 5 national parks, one conservation reserve and one biosphere reserve has been established apart from this few herbal gardens, arboretums, parks, zoos, medicinal and aromatic plant area, sacred grooves h...

The health troubles due to poor drinking water quality are huge. The impact of increasing develop... more The health troubles due to poor drinking water quality are huge. The impact of increasing developmental activities, pollution and over-exploitation are altering the distribution of safe water. Besides this, the non-uniform distribution of rainfall due to changing climatic conditions aggravated the trouble. Both point and non-point sources of pollution affect the drinking water quality dominantly. The lack of education and awareness among community people and students about the drinking water quality are also key issues for health problems due to the consumption of contaminated water. Therefore, the knowledge of drinking water quality including health hygiene and sanitation aspects among students and community people is an urgent need. The present paper highlights the need of education about water quality, significant scientific information about the selected drinking water quality parameters, reasons of water quality deterioration, its health impacts etc.

The health troubles due to poor drinking water quality are huge. The impact of increasing develop... more The health troubles due to poor drinking water quality are huge. The impact of increasing developmental activities, pollution and over-exploitation are altering the distribution of safe water. Besides this, the non-uniform distribution of rainfall due to changing climatic conditions aggravated the trouble. Both point and non-point sources of pollution affect the drinking water quality dominantly. The lack of education and awareness among community people and students about the drinking water quality are also key issues for health problems due to the consumption of contaminated water. Therefore, the knowledge of drinking water quality including health hygiene and sanitation aspects among students and community people is an urgent need. The present paper highlights the need of education about water quality, significant scientific information about the selected drinking water quality parameters, reasons of water quality deterioration, its health impacts etc.

Journal of Xenobiotics, 2016

Pharmaceutical products and their wastes play a major role in the degradation of environment. The... more Pharmaceutical products and their wastes play a major role in the degradation of environment. These drugs have positive as well as negative consequences on different environmental components including biota in different ways. Many types of pharmaceutical substances have been detected with significant concentrations through various advanced instrumental techniques in surface water, subsurface water, ground water, domestic waste water, municipal waste water and industrial effluents. The central as well as state governments in India are providing supports by creating excise duty free zones to promote the pharmaceutical manufacturers for their production. As a result, pharmaceutical companies are producing different types of pharmaceutical products at large scale and also producing complex non-biodegradable toxic wastes byproducts and releasing untreated or partially treated wastes in the environment in absence of strong regulations. These waste pollutants are contaminating all types of...

Analytical Chemistry Letters, 2015

Abstract The water quality of six drinking surface water sources of Pithoragarh district of hilly... more Abstract The water quality of six drinking surface water sources of Pithoragarh district of hilly state Uttarakhand has been accessed. The spatial and temporal variations of water quality parameters have been explained with the help of Box and Whisker plots. The selected surface water sources of Pithoragarh district were evaluated on pre-monsoon and post monsoon basis for two consecutive years of 2010 and 2011. The analyzed water quality data was interpreted through various statistical tools and softwares viz. Box and Whisker Plots, Piper and Trilinear Diagram, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Water Quality Index (WQI). The seasonal variation in water quality parameters in surface water might be ascribed mainly due to anthropogenic and hydro-geological activities. Further, Pearson Correlation Coefficient revealed positive and negative correlations, which indicated the interrelationships and interactions between certain water quality parameters. The WQI values pointed out that some of the water sources fall under poor, very poor and unsuitable categories.

International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management, 2015

Journal of Laboratory Chemical Education, 2013

Metal ion analysis is an important aspect during water quality mon itoring of either surface or g... more Metal ion analysis is an important aspect during water quality mon itoring of either surface or ground water sources. In spite of the availability of several other metal ion analysis techniques for drinking water samp les, today atomic absorption spectroscopic (AAS) method is most commonly being used due to the reproducibility of results, short analysis time, cost effective, lo wer level detection and hyphenated in nature. Therefore, we have attempted to describe the atomic absorption spectroscopic analytical technique in a simple manner. The principle, instrumentation, water sample collection and their preservation, sample preparation, instrument calib ration and data analysis for AAS analysis have been described in a simple manner specially for under graduate and post graduate students.