Bianca Scateni - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Bianca Scateni

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2014

The April-May 2010 eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano (Iceland) represents an example of ex... more The April-May 2010 eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano (Iceland) represents an example of explosive activity dominated by prolonged, low-to mid-intensity emission of ash, as it was characterized by a continuous injection of tephra into the atmosphere that affected various economic sectors in Iceland and caused a worldwide interruption of air traffic. This eruption has become a benchmark for the understanding of the processes that govern the dynamics of ash-dominated eruptions, also representing a unique opportunity for direct ash particle investigation. In this paper, selected ash samples from all phases of the eruption were studied in order to characterize: 1) the morphology, composition and texture of ash fragments; 2) the variability of the products of each phase of the eruption; 3) the progressive changes of these features with time. The large morphological and textural variability of the ash fragments throughout the eruption is unrelated to any important compositional change, and it reflects changes in eruption dynamics and in the mechanisms of magma fragmentation. Textural and morphological features of juveniles suggest that primary magma degassing dominated and modulated the dynamics of the entire eruption, while hydromagmatic fragmentation was particularly effective only in the very initial phase. As a consequence, the large production of finegrained ash cannot be attributed to processes of magma-water interaction, and mechanisms of brittle to ductile fragmentation related to magma degassing or ash recycling must be invoked. The study demonstrates how the textural and morphological analysis of ash fragments can give important hints to the understanding of the eruption dynamics of complex, long lasting eruptions.

Cryptotephras in the marine sediment record of the Edisto Inlet, Ross Sea: Implications for the volcanology and tephrochronology of northern Victoria Land, Antarctica

Quaternary Science Advances

Tephrochronology and provenance of an early Pleistocene (Calabrian) tephra from IODP Expedition 374 site U1524, Ross Sea

LA-ICP-MS quality control data from tephra layer in IODP 374 Expedition Site U1524

40Ar-39Ar total fusion total fusion data on on individual grains and step-heating data on multi-grain fractions of sanidine from tephra

Table reports results of data obtained during the 40Ar-39Ar analyses carried out on sanidine crys... more Table reports results of data obtained during the 40Ar-39Ar analyses carried out on sanidine crystal separated from the U1524 tephra layer. Analyses were completed at IGG-CNR (Pisa) and include total fusion data on individual grains and step-heating data on multi-grain fractions of sanidine from tephra.

Major-element data of single glass shards (raw data) from IODP Site 374-U1524

LA-ICP-MS trace-element data from tephra layer in IODP 374 Expedition Site U1524

Calibrated international standards including ATHO-G, T1-G, and VG-568 (USNM 72854)

EPMA data from tephra layer in IODP 374 Expedition Site U1524

Major-element data of single glass shards (raw data, normalized, and from U1524 tephra found in t... more Major-element data of single glass shards (raw data, normalized, and from U1524 tephra found in the U1524 from IODP Expedition 374 sites. Analyses were carried out with a JEOL JXA 8230 electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) at Victoria University of Wellington using wavelength dispersive spectrometry techniques. Data includes calibrated international standards including ATHO-G, T1-G (Jochum et al., 2006), and VG-568 (USNM 72854) analyzed to monitor instrumental drift as well as the precision and accuracy of the analyses.

LA-ICP-MS data from tephra layer in IODP 374 Expedition Site U1524

Trace-element concentrations data determined on single glass shards of U1524 tephra found in Site... more Trace-element concentrations data determined on single glass shards of U1524 tephra found in Site U1524 of the Expedition 374 of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). The analyses have been carried out with a Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) at the Università di Perugia, Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologiausing a Teledyne Photon Machine G2 laser ablation system coupled to a Thermo Fisher Scientific iCAP-Q, quadrupole based, ICP-MS. Data includes also the analysis of the USGS BCR2G standard used to provide the instrument quality control.

Tephrochronology and Provenance of an Early Pleistocene (Calabrian) Tephra From IODP Expedition 374 Site U1524, Ross Sea (Antarctica)

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2021

Quaternary Science Reviews, 2020

In Antarctica, the near-source exposures of volcanic eruption deposits are often limited as they ... more In Antarctica, the near-source exposures of volcanic eruption deposits are often limited as they are not well preserved in the dynamic glacial environment, thus making volcanological reconstructions of explosive eruptions extremely challenging. Fortunately, pyroclastic deposits from explosive eruptions are preserved in Southern Ocean sediments surrounding Antarctica, and the tephrostratigraphy of these sequences offers crucial volcanological information including the timing and tempo of past eruptions, their magnitude, and eruption dynamics. Here we report the results of a

AMUSED: A MUltidisciplinary Study of past global climatE changes from continental and marine archives in the MeDiterranean region. The Castiglione maar drilling (central Italy)

<p>The current “global warming” has been widely attribu... more <p>The current “global warming” has been widely attributed to a human-induced greenhouse effect however, until the natural variability of climate is totally understood, it is extremely difficult disentangle the natural and human-induced climatic signal and the resulting effects in a short and long period. In order to understand the role that each component plays in the climate processes it becomes essential to acquire considerably longer records than the time it takes for them to undergo significant changes. The wealth of paleoclimatic information, and the improvement of our knowledge, relies on high-quality and high-resolution data availability, provided that these are anchored to accurate age models.</p><p>AMUSED (https://progetti.ingv.it/index.php/it/amused) is a project funded by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia aimed at reconstruct the climate variability in the central Mediterranean region during the middle-late Quaternary, with focus to the Holocene, by integrating paleoclimate multi-proxies data acquired from different paleoenvironmental settings. In detail, the project investigates lacustrine, speleothem and marine successions in central Italy at different temporal scales and resolution (i.e., from orbital to sub-millennial scale). Additionally, the project aims at the evaluation and reduction of the natural CO<sub>2</sub> emission trough plantation of CO<sub>2</sub>-absorbing flora in the Colli Albani volcanic district.</p><p>The lacustrine sedimentary succession of the Castiglione maar (Colli Albani Volcano) that based on low-resolution previous studies should account for the last 280 kyr, has been selected as main continental target of the project. Intense Quaternary peri-Tyrrhenian volcanism, produced a large number of tephra that emplaced in the adjacent continental sedimentary basins, making this area suitable for the application of tephrochronology, useful for correlation and synchronization of geological records. Preliminary geophysical exploration surveys (electrical resistivity tomography and ground magnetic) were conducted across the Castiglione maar to reconstruct the subsurface structure and geometry of the basin and identify the best drilling site. Two parallel borehole (C1 and C2) were drilled in order to maximize the amount of recover and avoid large stratigraphic gaps. We retrieved 116 and 126,5 m of alternating sands, clay and silt sediments for drills C1 and C2, respectively. An additional core C3 has been afterwards located between the two boreholes, to increase the recovery of the upper 15 m of succession, strongly disturbed in the two former drills. Several tephra layers were already identified and sampled.</p><p>The sediment cores will be sampled for high-resolution multi-proxies analyses: stratigraphic, micropaleontological, palynological, geochemical (stable isotopic composition), and paleomagnetic. Moreover, a robust chronology for Castiglione records will be produced by combining <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar dating of the tephra layers back to 280 kyr, and <sup>14</sup>C dating within the last 45 kyr. In addition, a paleomagnetic chronostratigraphy will be derived, providing original target curves and an environmental magnetic investigation will be carried out, by using rock magnetic properties variations in sediments as environmental/climatic proxies.</p>

The continental margin is a key area for studying the sedimentary processes related to the advanc... more The continental margin is a key area for studying the sedimentary processes related to the advance and retreat of the Ross Ice Shelf (Antarctica); nevertheless, much remains to be investigated. The aim of this study is to increase the knowledge of the last glacial/deglacial dynamics in the Central Basin slope–basin system using a multidisciplinary approach, including integrated sedimentological, micropaleontological and tephrochronological information. The analyses carried out on three box cores highlighted sedimentary sequences characterised by tree stratigraphic units. Collected sediments represent a time interval from 24 ka Before Present (BP) to the present time. Grain size clustering and data on the sortable silt component, together with diatom, silicoflagellate and foraminifera assemblages indicate the influence of the ice shelf calving zone (Unit 1, 24–17 ka BP), progressive receding due to Circumpolar Deep Water inflow (Unit 2, 17–10.2 ka BP) and (Unit 3, 10.2 ka BP–present)...

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2014

The April-May 2010 eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano (Iceland) represents an example of ex... more The April-May 2010 eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano (Iceland) represents an example of explosive activity dominated by prolonged, low-to mid-intensity emission of ash, as it was characterized by a continuous injection of tephra into the atmosphere that affected various economic sectors in Iceland and caused a worldwide interruption of air traffic. This eruption has become a benchmark for the understanding of the processes that govern the dynamics of ash-dominated eruptions, also representing a unique opportunity for direct ash particle investigation. In this paper, selected ash samples from all phases of the eruption were studied in order to characterize: 1) the morphology, composition and texture of ash fragments; 2) the variability of the products of each phase of the eruption; 3) the progressive changes of these features with time. The large morphological and textural variability of the ash fragments throughout the eruption is unrelated to any important compositional change, and it reflects changes in eruption dynamics and in the mechanisms of magma fragmentation. Textural and morphological features of juveniles suggest that primary magma degassing dominated and modulated the dynamics of the entire eruption, while hydromagmatic fragmentation was particularly effective only in the very initial phase. As a consequence, the large production of finegrained ash cannot be attributed to processes of magma-water interaction, and mechanisms of brittle to ductile fragmentation related to magma degassing or ash recycling must be invoked. The study demonstrates how the textural and morphological analysis of ash fragments can give important hints to the understanding of the eruption dynamics of complex, long lasting eruptions.

Cryptotephras in the marine sediment record of the Edisto Inlet, Ross Sea: Implications for the volcanology and tephrochronology of northern Victoria Land, Antarctica

Quaternary Science Advances

Tephrochronology and provenance of an early Pleistocene (Calabrian) tephra from IODP Expedition 374 site U1524, Ross Sea

LA-ICP-MS quality control data from tephra layer in IODP 374 Expedition Site U1524

40Ar-39Ar total fusion total fusion data on on individual grains and step-heating data on multi-grain fractions of sanidine from tephra

Table reports results of data obtained during the 40Ar-39Ar analyses carried out on sanidine crys... more Table reports results of data obtained during the 40Ar-39Ar analyses carried out on sanidine crystal separated from the U1524 tephra layer. Analyses were completed at IGG-CNR (Pisa) and include total fusion data on individual grains and step-heating data on multi-grain fractions of sanidine from tephra.

Major-element data of single glass shards (raw data) from IODP Site 374-U1524

LA-ICP-MS trace-element data from tephra layer in IODP 374 Expedition Site U1524

Calibrated international standards including ATHO-G, T1-G, and VG-568 (USNM 72854)

EPMA data from tephra layer in IODP 374 Expedition Site U1524

Major-element data of single glass shards (raw data, normalized, and from U1524 tephra found in t... more Major-element data of single glass shards (raw data, normalized, and from U1524 tephra found in the U1524 from IODP Expedition 374 sites. Analyses were carried out with a JEOL JXA 8230 electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) at Victoria University of Wellington using wavelength dispersive spectrometry techniques. Data includes calibrated international standards including ATHO-G, T1-G (Jochum et al., 2006), and VG-568 (USNM 72854) analyzed to monitor instrumental drift as well as the precision and accuracy of the analyses.

LA-ICP-MS data from tephra layer in IODP 374 Expedition Site U1524

Trace-element concentrations data determined on single glass shards of U1524 tephra found in Site... more Trace-element concentrations data determined on single glass shards of U1524 tephra found in Site U1524 of the Expedition 374 of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). The analyses have been carried out with a Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) at the Università di Perugia, Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologiausing a Teledyne Photon Machine G2 laser ablation system coupled to a Thermo Fisher Scientific iCAP-Q, quadrupole based, ICP-MS. Data includes also the analysis of the USGS BCR2G standard used to provide the instrument quality control.

Tephrochronology and Provenance of an Early Pleistocene (Calabrian) Tephra From IODP Expedition 374 Site U1524, Ross Sea (Antarctica)

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2021

Quaternary Science Reviews, 2020

In Antarctica, the near-source exposures of volcanic eruption deposits are often limited as they ... more In Antarctica, the near-source exposures of volcanic eruption deposits are often limited as they are not well preserved in the dynamic glacial environment, thus making volcanological reconstructions of explosive eruptions extremely challenging. Fortunately, pyroclastic deposits from explosive eruptions are preserved in Southern Ocean sediments surrounding Antarctica, and the tephrostratigraphy of these sequences offers crucial volcanological information including the timing and tempo of past eruptions, their magnitude, and eruption dynamics. Here we report the results of a

AMUSED: A MUltidisciplinary Study of past global climatE changes from continental and marine archives in the MeDiterranean region. The Castiglione maar drilling (central Italy)

<p>The current “global warming” has been widely attribu... more <p>The current “global warming” has been widely attributed to a human-induced greenhouse effect however, until the natural variability of climate is totally understood, it is extremely difficult disentangle the natural and human-induced climatic signal and the resulting effects in a short and long period. In order to understand the role that each component plays in the climate processes it becomes essential to acquire considerably longer records than the time it takes for them to undergo significant changes. The wealth of paleoclimatic information, and the improvement of our knowledge, relies on high-quality and high-resolution data availability, provided that these are anchored to accurate age models.</p><p>AMUSED (https://progetti.ingv.it/index.php/it/amused) is a project funded by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia aimed at reconstruct the climate variability in the central Mediterranean region during the middle-late Quaternary, with focus to the Holocene, by integrating paleoclimate multi-proxies data acquired from different paleoenvironmental settings. In detail, the project investigates lacustrine, speleothem and marine successions in central Italy at different temporal scales and resolution (i.e., from orbital to sub-millennial scale). Additionally, the project aims at the evaluation and reduction of the natural CO<sub>2</sub> emission trough plantation of CO<sub>2</sub>-absorbing flora in the Colli Albani volcanic district.</p><p>The lacustrine sedimentary succession of the Castiglione maar (Colli Albani Volcano) that based on low-resolution previous studies should account for the last 280 kyr, has been selected as main continental target of the project. Intense Quaternary peri-Tyrrhenian volcanism, produced a large number of tephra that emplaced in the adjacent continental sedimentary basins, making this area suitable for the application of tephrochronology, useful for correlation and synchronization of geological records. Preliminary geophysical exploration surveys (electrical resistivity tomography and ground magnetic) were conducted across the Castiglione maar to reconstruct the subsurface structure and geometry of the basin and identify the best drilling site. Two parallel borehole (C1 and C2) were drilled in order to maximize the amount of recover and avoid large stratigraphic gaps. We retrieved 116 and 126,5 m of alternating sands, clay and silt sediments for drills C1 and C2, respectively. An additional core C3 has been afterwards located between the two boreholes, to increase the recovery of the upper 15 m of succession, strongly disturbed in the two former drills. Several tephra layers were already identified and sampled.</p><p>The sediment cores will be sampled for high-resolution multi-proxies analyses: stratigraphic, micropaleontological, palynological, geochemical (stable isotopic composition), and paleomagnetic. Moreover, a robust chronology for Castiglione records will be produced by combining <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar dating of the tephra layers back to 280 kyr, and <sup>14</sup>C dating within the last 45 kyr. In addition, a paleomagnetic chronostratigraphy will be derived, providing original target curves and an environmental magnetic investigation will be carried out, by using rock magnetic properties variations in sediments as environmental/climatic proxies.</p>

The continental margin is a key area for studying the sedimentary processes related to the advanc... more The continental margin is a key area for studying the sedimentary processes related to the advance and retreat of the Ross Ice Shelf (Antarctica); nevertheless, much remains to be investigated. The aim of this study is to increase the knowledge of the last glacial/deglacial dynamics in the Central Basin slope–basin system using a multidisciplinary approach, including integrated sedimentological, micropaleontological and tephrochronological information. The analyses carried out on three box cores highlighted sedimentary sequences characterised by tree stratigraphic units. Collected sediments represent a time interval from 24 ka Before Present (BP) to the present time. Grain size clustering and data on the sortable silt component, together with diatom, silicoflagellate and foraminifera assemblages indicate the influence of the ice shelf calving zone (Unit 1, 24–17 ka BP), progressive receding due to Circumpolar Deep Water inflow (Unit 2, 17–10.2 ka BP) and (Unit 3, 10.2 ka BP–present)...