Biba Vikas - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Biba Vikas
Fruits and vegetables that have been identified as sources of powerful antioxidants help people t... more Fruits and vegetables that have been identified as sources of powerful antioxidants help people to counter the risk of heart ailments and different types of cancers. Cancer chemoprevention by using antioxidant
Natural products such as plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human d... more Natural products such as plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human diseases. Herbal remedies have been used for the treatment of many ailments. Many compounds have been derived from the plant species mentioned in the ancient texts of Indian system of medicine for the treatment of a number of ailments. The R and D thrust in the pharmaceutical sector is focused on development of new drugs, innovative/indigenous processes for known drugs and development of plant based drugs through investigation of leads from the traditional systems of medicine. The family Simaroubaceae is grouped in the order Rutales, is known to have a diverse range of secondary metabolites. Plants from this family are used as medicine to cure cancer and many other diseases. Isolation of diverse chemical compounds from Simaroubaceae on its stem bark, root bark and leaves have been reported. In this review, we are analysing with the chemical constituents of family Simaroubaceae.
Background: The leaves of Simarouba glauca (SG) have been used as potential source of anticancer ... more Background: The leaves of Simarouba glauca (SG) have been used as potential source of anticancer agent in traditional medicine. Attempts have been made to isolate anticancer agents from the leaves of SG. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate the effect of Simarouba glauca petroleum ether (LPE) and chloroform (LCH) extracts on the growth and apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A-549). Methods: MTT assay was used to investigate the effect on viability of A-549 cells. The apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma was evaluated using fluorescence staining, Acridine orange ethidium bromide staining, Hoechst staining, Flow cytometry analysis, Annexin V staining and Caspase assay. Results: The results showed a direct correlation between the dose and the rate of cytotoxicity. Fluorescence staining revealed apoptotic features such as blebbing and chromatin condensation. Flowcytometric analysis and Annexin V staining revealed phosphatidyl serine externalization. Caspase assay confirmed that the extract inhibited the cell death. Caspase 3 expressions indicated that the cell death was either through mitochondrial pathway or through death receptor. Conclusions: The study revealed that the SG extract induced the apoptosis of human lung adeno carcinoma, either through mitochondrial or death receptor pathway.
Cell growth is referred to as cell proliferation, that is, the increase in cell numbers during re... more Cell growth is referred to as cell proliferation, that is, the increase in cell numbers during repeated cell division. Cell growth can be defined as the enlargement of cell volume, which might take place in the absence of cell division. Growth and reproduction are features of cells in all living organisms. All cells reproduce by dividing into two, with each parental cell giving rise to two daughter cells each time they divide. Various genes are involved in the control of cell division and growth. Reproduction in unicellular organisms are referred to cell division and in multicellular organisms it is tissue growth and maintenance. Survival of the eukaryotes depends upon interactions between various cell types, that helps in the balanced distribution. This is achieved through the highly regulated process of cell proliferation. Knowledge in cell cycle is necessary to determine the best time to collect cells, to harvest cell products, or to move cells to a new growth environment. Cancer cells do not die at the natural point in a cell's life cycle. Cancer cells occur as the results of cellular changes caused by the uncontrolled growth and division of cells. The chapter focuses on cancer cell maintenance, apoptosis, and its detection assays.
This chapter comprehensively reviews numerous herbs and spices' anticancer properties and mechani... more This chapter comprehensively reviews numerous herbs and spices' anticancer properties and mechanisms. Curcumin, derived from turmeric, exhibits cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, anti-invasive, and anti-metastatic effects against diverse cancer types by interacting with pathways controlling inflammation, survival, cell cycle, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Ginger and its active compounds demonstrate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities in breast, skin, lung, and gastrointestinal cancer models, potentially through free radical scavenging, inhibiting inflammation, disrupting microtubules, and altering apoptotic gene expression. Garlic organosulfur compounds induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and antioxidant activity in various malignancies by affecting signaling proteins like STAT3 and VEGF. Basil, caraway, cinnamon, clove, coriander, dill, cumin, rosemary, saffron, thyme, and oregano extracts restricted growth, prompted cell death and beneficially impacted proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis markers across numerous cancer cell lines. Black pepper, cayenne pepper, green tea, and milk thistle constituents displayed cytotoxic, immune-enhancing, and chemopreventive actions against diverse human cancer models through modulation of pathways connected to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, detoxification, and malignant proliferation. The immunomodulatory herbs astragalus, ginseng, echinacea, St. John's wort, and cat's claw also exhibited direct anticancer effects in specific cellular and rodent experiments. Many dietary phytochemicals show promising anticancer potential, but more clinical trials are needed to substantiate therapeutic efficacy in humans.
IntechOpen eBooks, Jun 27, 2024
Abstract This chapter comprehensively reviews numerous herbs and spices’ anticancer propertie... more Abstract
This chapter comprehensively reviews numerous herbs and spices’ anticancer
properties and mechanisms. Curcumin, derived from turmeric, exhibits cytotoxic,
anti-proliferative, anti-invasive, and anti-metastatic effects against diverse cancer
types by interacting with pathways controlling inflammation, survival, cell
cycle, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Ginger and its active compounds demonstrate
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities in breast, skin, lung,
and gastrointestinal cancer models, potentially through free radical scavenging,
inhibiting inflammation, disrupting microtubules, and altering apoptotic gene
expression. Garlic organosulfur compounds induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest,
and antioxidant activity in various malignancies by affecting signaling proteins
like STAT3 and VEGF. Basil, caraway, cinnamon, clove, coriander, dill, cumin,
rosemary, saffron, thyme, and oregano extracts restricted growth, prompted
cell death and beneficially impacted proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis
markers across numerous cancer cell lines. Black pepper, cayenne pepper, green
tea, and milk thistle constituents displayed cytotoxic, immune-enhancing, and
chemopreventive actions against diverse human cancer models through modulation
of pathways connected to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, detoxification,
and malignant proliferation. The immunomodulatory herbs astragalus, ginseng,
echinacea, St. John’s wort, and cat’s claw also exhibited direct anticancer effects
in specific cellular and rodent experiments. Many dietary phytochemicals show
promising anticancer potential, but more clinical trials are needed to substantiate
therapeutic efficacy in humans.
Keywords: anticarcinogenic agents, phytochemistry, plant extracts, apoptosis, herbal
medicine, curcumin, garlic, ginger, capsaicin
Journal of King Saud University - Science
IntechOpen eBooks, Jun 2, 2023
Biocompatibility testing is essential for medical devices and pharmaceutical agents, regardless o... more Biocompatibility testing is essential for medical devices and pharmaceutical agents, regardless of their mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. These tests assess cytotoxic effects and acute systemic toxicity to ensure safety and effectiveness before clinical use. Cell viability, indicating the number of healthy cells in a sample, is determined through various assays that measure live-to-dead cell ratios. Cytotoxicity measures a substance’s potential for cell damage or death, and is evaluated through numerous assay methods based on different cell functions. Ensuring biocompatibility is crucial for the successful integration of medical devices and pharmaceuticals into clinical practice. As part of the evaluation process, researchers utilize a range of cell viability assays and cytotoxicity tests to assess the potential impact of these products on living cells. The results of these tests inform the optimization of cell culture conditions and drug candidates, as well as guide the development of safer, more effective medical devices. By thoroughly examining the interactions between devices, drugs, and biological systems, researchers aim to minimize the risk of adverse reactions and improve patient outcomes.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Sep 1, 2019
Objective: In the study our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of different solvent extra... more Objective: In the study our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of different solvent extracts of Annona squamosa seeds. Methods and materials: The four extracts used were petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were tested using cytotoxicity assays. Results: Among the four extracts tested petroleum ether showed maximum cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines such as nasopharyngeal cancer (KB) cells, lung cancer (A-549) cells, breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, leukemic (K-562) cells and inhibited the growth of murine cancer cells such as Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). Conclusion: Petroleum ether extract of Annona squamosa seeds showed cytotoxicity towards a panel of cancer cells meanwhile non-significant cytotoxicity towards normal cells.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2021
more than 170 species of trees and bushes of pantropical distribution (Alves et al., 2014). Its c... more more than 170 species of trees and bushes of pantropical distribution (Alves et al., 2014). Its common names are Lakshmi Taru and paradise-tree. A molecular phylogeny of the family was reported in 2007, data revealed with the relationships within the family (Clayton et al., 2007).
Cytotoxicity [Working Title]
Biocompatibility testing is essential for medical devices and pharmaceutical agents, regardless o... more Biocompatibility testing is essential for medical devices and pharmaceutical agents, regardless of their mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. These tests assess cytotoxic effects and acute systemic toxicity to ensure safety and effectiveness before clinical use. Cell viability, indicating the number of healthy cells in a sample, is determined through various assays that measure live-to-dead cell ratios. Cytotoxicity measures a substance’s potential for cell damage or death, and is evaluated through numerous assay methods based on different cell functions. Ensuring biocompatibility is crucial for the successful integration of medical devices and pharmaceuticals into clinical practice. As part of the evaluation process, researchers utilize a range of cell viability assays and cytotoxicity tests to assess the potential impact of these products on living cells. The results of these tests inform the optimization of cell culture conditions and drug candidates, as well as guide t...
The Apoptotic Properties of Leaf Extracts of Simarouba glauca against Human Leukemic Cancer Cells, 2022
Abstract Background and objective: Simarouba glauca is a plant belonging to the family of Simarou... more Abstract
Background and objective: Simarouba glauca is a plant belonging to the family of Simaroubaceae. It is a potent
source of secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the apoptotic properties of leaf extracts of
Simarouba glauca against human leukemic cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of Simarouba glauca
was assessed in the leaf extract of petroleum ether against leukemic cells by MTT assay. To detect the apoptotic features,
fluorescence microscopy analysis was done with dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining and
Hoechst staining. To determine the externalization of phosphatidylserine, annexin v staining was done. Mitochondrial
or death receptor activation was confirmed by caspase 3 analysis by flow cytometry. Results: This study revealed that
Simarouba glauca was able to treat leukemia. Among the four extracts, petroleum ether extract showed a higher order
of in vitro anticancer activity. The petroleum ether extract strongly inhibited the proliferation of K562 cell lines with
IC50 values of 186 µg/ml. Dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining and Hoechst staining revealed the
characteristic features of apoptosis. Annexin V confirmed early and late stage apoptosis. Caspase-3 analysis revealed
that cell death was due to mitochondrial or death receptor activation in mitochondrial pathway. Conclusion: These
findings suggested that Simarouba glauca leaf extracts inhibited leukemic cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner
either through mitochondrial or death receptor activation. The leaf extracts of Simarouba glauca was found to be
nontoxic to lymphocytes. It can be concluded that Simarouba glauca is an important source of phytochemicals posing
efficacy against leukemic cancer cells.
Keywords: Simarouba glauca- cytotoxic- apoptotic- anticancer activity- antiproliferative- leukemia
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Background: The leaves of Simarouba glauca (S. glauca) have been used as a potential source of an... more Background: The leaves of Simarouba glauca (S. glauca) have been used as a potential source of anticancer agents in traditional medicine. Attempts have been made to isolate anticancer agents from the leaves of S. glauca. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the anticancer and apoptotic effect of the leaf extract of petroleum ether (LPE) on human non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells. Methods: MTT assay was used to investigate the effect of LPE on the viability of A-549 cells. The apoptotic effect of human lung cancer cells was evaluated using fluorescence staining, acridine orange/ ethidium bromide staining, Hoechst staining, flow cytometry analysis, annexin V staining, and caspase assay. Results: The results showed a direct correlation between the dose and the rate of cytotoxicity. Fluorescence staining revealed apoptotic features, such as blebbing and chromatin condensation. Flow cytometry analysis and annexin V staining revealed phosphatidyl serine externalization. Caspase assay confirmed that the extract inhibited cell death. Caspase 3 expressions indicated that the cell death occurred either through the mitochondrial pathway or the death receptor. Conclusions: The study revealed that the LPE induced the apoptosis of human non-small-cell lung cancer, A549 cells, either through mitochondrial or death receptor pathway.
Cell growth is referred to as cell proliferation, that is, the increase in cell numbers during re... more Cell growth is referred to as cell proliferation, that is, the increase in cell numbers during repeated cell division. Cell growth can be defined as the enlargement of cell volume, which might take place in the absence of cell division. Growth and reproduction are features of cells in all living organisms. All cells reproduce by dividing into two, with each parental cell giving rise to two daughter cells each time they divide. Various genes are involved in the control of cell division and growth. Reproduction in unicellular organisms are referred to cell division and in multicellular organisms it is tissue growth and maintenance. Survival of the eukaryotes depends upon interactions between various cell types, that helps in the balanced distribution. This is achieved through the highly regulated process of cell proliferation. Knowledge in cell cycle is necessary to determine the best time to collect cells, to harvest cell products, or to move cells to a new growth environment. Cancer cells do not die at the natural point in a cell's life cycle. Cancer cells occur as the results of cellular changes caused by the uncontrolled growth and division of cells. The chapter focuses on cancer cell maintenance, apoptosis, and its detection assays.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Objective: In the study our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of different solvent extra... more Objective: In the study our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of different solvent extracts of Annona squamosa seeds. Methods and materials: The four extracts used were petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were tested using cytotoxicity assays. Results: Among the four extracts tested petroleum ether showed maximum cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines such as nasopharyngeal cancer (KB) cells, lung cancer (A-549) cells, breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, leukemic (K-562) cells and inhibited the growth of murine cancer cells such as Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). Conclusion: Petroleum ether extract of Annona squamosa seeds showed cytotoxicity towards a panel of cancer cells meanwhile non-significant cytotoxicity towards normal cells.
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, Jul 27, 2017
Natural products such as plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human d... more Natural products such as plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human diseases. Herbal remedies have been used for the treatment of many ailments. Many compounds have been derived from the plant species mentioned in the ancient texts of Indian system of medicine for the treatment of a number of ailments. The R and D thrust in the pharmaceutical sector is focused on development of new drugs, innovative/indigenous processes for known drugs and development of plant based drugs through investigation of leads from the traditional systems of medicine. The family Simaroubaceae is grouped in the order Rutales, is known to have a diverse range of secondary metabolites. Plants from this family are used as medicine to cure cancer and many other diseases. Isolation of diverse chemical compounds from Simaroubaceae on its stem bark, root bark and leaves have been reported. In this review, we are analysing with the chemical constituents of family Simaroubaceae.
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, Oct 26, 2017
Annona squamosa has extensively been used in the traditional and folkloric medicine and found to ... more Annona squamosa has extensively been used in the traditional and folkloric medicine and found to possess many biological activities. Different solvents, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Annona squamosa seeds (ASPE, ASCH, ASEA, ASME) have been used to prepare plant extracts. The present investigations dealt with the free radical scavenging activity of four extracts using various techniques such as total reducing power estimation, total phenolic count, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect, evaluation of ABTS cation decolorisation capacity, FRAP assay, hdroxyl radical scavenging assay, super oxide assay and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assay of the extracts. The results showed that the four extracts of Annona squamosa showed significant reducing power in four extracts. The total phenolic contents in petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol extracts and positive control were 0.64±0.17, 0.54±0.27, 0.49±0.24, 0.5...
Fruits and vegetables that have been identified as sources of powerful antioxidants help people t... more Fruits and vegetables that have been identified as sources of powerful antioxidants help people to counter the risk of heart ailments and different types of cancers. Cancer chemoprevention by using antioxidant
Natural products such as plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human d... more Natural products such as plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human diseases. Herbal remedies have been used for the treatment of many ailments. Many compounds have been derived from the plant species mentioned in the ancient texts of Indian system of medicine for the treatment of a number of ailments. The R and D thrust in the pharmaceutical sector is focused on development of new drugs, innovative/indigenous processes for known drugs and development of plant based drugs through investigation of leads from the traditional systems of medicine. The family Simaroubaceae is grouped in the order Rutales, is known to have a diverse range of secondary metabolites. Plants from this family are used as medicine to cure cancer and many other diseases. Isolation of diverse chemical compounds from Simaroubaceae on its stem bark, root bark and leaves have been reported. In this review, we are analysing with the chemical constituents of family Simaroubaceae.
Background: The leaves of Simarouba glauca (SG) have been used as potential source of anticancer ... more Background: The leaves of Simarouba glauca (SG) have been used as potential source of anticancer agent in traditional medicine. Attempts have been made to isolate anticancer agents from the leaves of SG. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate the effect of Simarouba glauca petroleum ether (LPE) and chloroform (LCH) extracts on the growth and apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A-549). Methods: MTT assay was used to investigate the effect on viability of A-549 cells. The apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma was evaluated using fluorescence staining, Acridine orange ethidium bromide staining, Hoechst staining, Flow cytometry analysis, Annexin V staining and Caspase assay. Results: The results showed a direct correlation between the dose and the rate of cytotoxicity. Fluorescence staining revealed apoptotic features such as blebbing and chromatin condensation. Flowcytometric analysis and Annexin V staining revealed phosphatidyl serine externalization. Caspase assay confirmed that the extract inhibited the cell death. Caspase 3 expressions indicated that the cell death was either through mitochondrial pathway or through death receptor. Conclusions: The study revealed that the SG extract induced the apoptosis of human lung adeno carcinoma, either through mitochondrial or death receptor pathway.
Cell growth is referred to as cell proliferation, that is, the increase in cell numbers during re... more Cell growth is referred to as cell proliferation, that is, the increase in cell numbers during repeated cell division. Cell growth can be defined as the enlargement of cell volume, which might take place in the absence of cell division. Growth and reproduction are features of cells in all living organisms. All cells reproduce by dividing into two, with each parental cell giving rise to two daughter cells each time they divide. Various genes are involved in the control of cell division and growth. Reproduction in unicellular organisms are referred to cell division and in multicellular organisms it is tissue growth and maintenance. Survival of the eukaryotes depends upon interactions between various cell types, that helps in the balanced distribution. This is achieved through the highly regulated process of cell proliferation. Knowledge in cell cycle is necessary to determine the best time to collect cells, to harvest cell products, or to move cells to a new growth environment. Cancer cells do not die at the natural point in a cell's life cycle. Cancer cells occur as the results of cellular changes caused by the uncontrolled growth and division of cells. The chapter focuses on cancer cell maintenance, apoptosis, and its detection assays.
This chapter comprehensively reviews numerous herbs and spices' anticancer properties and mechani... more This chapter comprehensively reviews numerous herbs and spices' anticancer properties and mechanisms. Curcumin, derived from turmeric, exhibits cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, anti-invasive, and anti-metastatic effects against diverse cancer types by interacting with pathways controlling inflammation, survival, cell cycle, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Ginger and its active compounds demonstrate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities in breast, skin, lung, and gastrointestinal cancer models, potentially through free radical scavenging, inhibiting inflammation, disrupting microtubules, and altering apoptotic gene expression. Garlic organosulfur compounds induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and antioxidant activity in various malignancies by affecting signaling proteins like STAT3 and VEGF. Basil, caraway, cinnamon, clove, coriander, dill, cumin, rosemary, saffron, thyme, and oregano extracts restricted growth, prompted cell death and beneficially impacted proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis markers across numerous cancer cell lines. Black pepper, cayenne pepper, green tea, and milk thistle constituents displayed cytotoxic, immune-enhancing, and chemopreventive actions against diverse human cancer models through modulation of pathways connected to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, detoxification, and malignant proliferation. The immunomodulatory herbs astragalus, ginseng, echinacea, St. John's wort, and cat's claw also exhibited direct anticancer effects in specific cellular and rodent experiments. Many dietary phytochemicals show promising anticancer potential, but more clinical trials are needed to substantiate therapeutic efficacy in humans.
IntechOpen eBooks, Jun 27, 2024
Abstract This chapter comprehensively reviews numerous herbs and spices’ anticancer propertie... more Abstract
This chapter comprehensively reviews numerous herbs and spices’ anticancer
properties and mechanisms. Curcumin, derived from turmeric, exhibits cytotoxic,
anti-proliferative, anti-invasive, and anti-metastatic effects against diverse cancer
types by interacting with pathways controlling inflammation, survival, cell
cycle, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Ginger and its active compounds demonstrate
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities in breast, skin, lung,
and gastrointestinal cancer models, potentially through free radical scavenging,
inhibiting inflammation, disrupting microtubules, and altering apoptotic gene
expression. Garlic organosulfur compounds induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest,
and antioxidant activity in various malignancies by affecting signaling proteins
like STAT3 and VEGF. Basil, caraway, cinnamon, clove, coriander, dill, cumin,
rosemary, saffron, thyme, and oregano extracts restricted growth, prompted
cell death and beneficially impacted proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis
markers across numerous cancer cell lines. Black pepper, cayenne pepper, green
tea, and milk thistle constituents displayed cytotoxic, immune-enhancing, and
chemopreventive actions against diverse human cancer models through modulation
of pathways connected to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, detoxification,
and malignant proliferation. The immunomodulatory herbs astragalus, ginseng,
echinacea, St. John’s wort, and cat’s claw also exhibited direct anticancer effects
in specific cellular and rodent experiments. Many dietary phytochemicals show
promising anticancer potential, but more clinical trials are needed to substantiate
therapeutic efficacy in humans.
Keywords: anticarcinogenic agents, phytochemistry, plant extracts, apoptosis, herbal
medicine, curcumin, garlic, ginger, capsaicin
Journal of King Saud University - Science
IntechOpen eBooks, Jun 2, 2023
Biocompatibility testing is essential for medical devices and pharmaceutical agents, regardless o... more Biocompatibility testing is essential for medical devices and pharmaceutical agents, regardless of their mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. These tests assess cytotoxic effects and acute systemic toxicity to ensure safety and effectiveness before clinical use. Cell viability, indicating the number of healthy cells in a sample, is determined through various assays that measure live-to-dead cell ratios. Cytotoxicity measures a substance’s potential for cell damage or death, and is evaluated through numerous assay methods based on different cell functions. Ensuring biocompatibility is crucial for the successful integration of medical devices and pharmaceuticals into clinical practice. As part of the evaluation process, researchers utilize a range of cell viability assays and cytotoxicity tests to assess the potential impact of these products on living cells. The results of these tests inform the optimization of cell culture conditions and drug candidates, as well as guide the development of safer, more effective medical devices. By thoroughly examining the interactions between devices, drugs, and biological systems, researchers aim to minimize the risk of adverse reactions and improve patient outcomes.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Sep 1, 2019
Objective: In the study our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of different solvent extra... more Objective: In the study our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of different solvent extracts of Annona squamosa seeds. Methods and materials: The four extracts used were petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were tested using cytotoxicity assays. Results: Among the four extracts tested petroleum ether showed maximum cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines such as nasopharyngeal cancer (KB) cells, lung cancer (A-549) cells, breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, leukemic (K-562) cells and inhibited the growth of murine cancer cells such as Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). Conclusion: Petroleum ether extract of Annona squamosa seeds showed cytotoxicity towards a panel of cancer cells meanwhile non-significant cytotoxicity towards normal cells.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2021
more than 170 species of trees and bushes of pantropical distribution (Alves et al., 2014). Its c... more more than 170 species of trees and bushes of pantropical distribution (Alves et al., 2014). Its common names are Lakshmi Taru and paradise-tree. A molecular phylogeny of the family was reported in 2007, data revealed with the relationships within the family (Clayton et al., 2007).
Cytotoxicity [Working Title]
Biocompatibility testing is essential for medical devices and pharmaceutical agents, regardless o... more Biocompatibility testing is essential for medical devices and pharmaceutical agents, regardless of their mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. These tests assess cytotoxic effects and acute systemic toxicity to ensure safety and effectiveness before clinical use. Cell viability, indicating the number of healthy cells in a sample, is determined through various assays that measure live-to-dead cell ratios. Cytotoxicity measures a substance’s potential for cell damage or death, and is evaluated through numerous assay methods based on different cell functions. Ensuring biocompatibility is crucial for the successful integration of medical devices and pharmaceuticals into clinical practice. As part of the evaluation process, researchers utilize a range of cell viability assays and cytotoxicity tests to assess the potential impact of these products on living cells. The results of these tests inform the optimization of cell culture conditions and drug candidates, as well as guide t...
The Apoptotic Properties of Leaf Extracts of Simarouba glauca against Human Leukemic Cancer Cells, 2022
Abstract Background and objective: Simarouba glauca is a plant belonging to the family of Simarou... more Abstract
Background and objective: Simarouba glauca is a plant belonging to the family of Simaroubaceae. It is a potent
source of secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the apoptotic properties of leaf extracts of
Simarouba glauca against human leukemic cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of Simarouba glauca
was assessed in the leaf extract of petroleum ether against leukemic cells by MTT assay. To detect the apoptotic features,
fluorescence microscopy analysis was done with dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining and
Hoechst staining. To determine the externalization of phosphatidylserine, annexin v staining was done. Mitochondrial
or death receptor activation was confirmed by caspase 3 analysis by flow cytometry. Results: This study revealed that
Simarouba glauca was able to treat leukemia. Among the four extracts, petroleum ether extract showed a higher order
of in vitro anticancer activity. The petroleum ether extract strongly inhibited the proliferation of K562 cell lines with
IC50 values of 186 µg/ml. Dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining and Hoechst staining revealed the
characteristic features of apoptosis. Annexin V confirmed early and late stage apoptosis. Caspase-3 analysis revealed
that cell death was due to mitochondrial or death receptor activation in mitochondrial pathway. Conclusion: These
findings suggested that Simarouba glauca leaf extracts inhibited leukemic cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner
either through mitochondrial or death receptor activation. The leaf extracts of Simarouba glauca was found to be
nontoxic to lymphocytes. It can be concluded that Simarouba glauca is an important source of phytochemicals posing
efficacy against leukemic cancer cells.
Keywords: Simarouba glauca- cytotoxic- apoptotic- anticancer activity- antiproliferative- leukemia
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Background: The leaves of Simarouba glauca (S. glauca) have been used as a potential source of an... more Background: The leaves of Simarouba glauca (S. glauca) have been used as a potential source of anticancer agents in traditional medicine. Attempts have been made to isolate anticancer agents from the leaves of S. glauca. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the anticancer and apoptotic effect of the leaf extract of petroleum ether (LPE) on human non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells. Methods: MTT assay was used to investigate the effect of LPE on the viability of A-549 cells. The apoptotic effect of human lung cancer cells was evaluated using fluorescence staining, acridine orange/ ethidium bromide staining, Hoechst staining, flow cytometry analysis, annexin V staining, and caspase assay. Results: The results showed a direct correlation between the dose and the rate of cytotoxicity. Fluorescence staining revealed apoptotic features, such as blebbing and chromatin condensation. Flow cytometry analysis and annexin V staining revealed phosphatidyl serine externalization. Caspase assay confirmed that the extract inhibited cell death. Caspase 3 expressions indicated that the cell death occurred either through the mitochondrial pathway or the death receptor. Conclusions: The study revealed that the LPE induced the apoptosis of human non-small-cell lung cancer, A549 cells, either through mitochondrial or death receptor pathway.
Cell growth is referred to as cell proliferation, that is, the increase in cell numbers during re... more Cell growth is referred to as cell proliferation, that is, the increase in cell numbers during repeated cell division. Cell growth can be defined as the enlargement of cell volume, which might take place in the absence of cell division. Growth and reproduction are features of cells in all living organisms. All cells reproduce by dividing into two, with each parental cell giving rise to two daughter cells each time they divide. Various genes are involved in the control of cell division and growth. Reproduction in unicellular organisms are referred to cell division and in multicellular organisms it is tissue growth and maintenance. Survival of the eukaryotes depends upon interactions between various cell types, that helps in the balanced distribution. This is achieved through the highly regulated process of cell proliferation. Knowledge in cell cycle is necessary to determine the best time to collect cells, to harvest cell products, or to move cells to a new growth environment. Cancer cells do not die at the natural point in a cell's life cycle. Cancer cells occur as the results of cellular changes caused by the uncontrolled growth and division of cells. The chapter focuses on cancer cell maintenance, apoptosis, and its detection assays.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Objective: In the study our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of different solvent extra... more Objective: In the study our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of different solvent extracts of Annona squamosa seeds. Methods and materials: The four extracts used were petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were tested using cytotoxicity assays. Results: Among the four extracts tested petroleum ether showed maximum cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines such as nasopharyngeal cancer (KB) cells, lung cancer (A-549) cells, breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, leukemic (K-562) cells and inhibited the growth of murine cancer cells such as Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). Conclusion: Petroleum ether extract of Annona squamosa seeds showed cytotoxicity towards a panel of cancer cells meanwhile non-significant cytotoxicity towards normal cells.
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, Jul 27, 2017
Natural products such as plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human d... more Natural products such as plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of human diseases. Herbal remedies have been used for the treatment of many ailments. Many compounds have been derived from the plant species mentioned in the ancient texts of Indian system of medicine for the treatment of a number of ailments. The R and D thrust in the pharmaceutical sector is focused on development of new drugs, innovative/indigenous processes for known drugs and development of plant based drugs through investigation of leads from the traditional systems of medicine. The family Simaroubaceae is grouped in the order Rutales, is known to have a diverse range of secondary metabolites. Plants from this family are used as medicine to cure cancer and many other diseases. Isolation of diverse chemical compounds from Simaroubaceae on its stem bark, root bark and leaves have been reported. In this review, we are analysing with the chemical constituents of family Simaroubaceae.
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, Oct 26, 2017
Annona squamosa has extensively been used in the traditional and folkloric medicine and found to ... more Annona squamosa has extensively been used in the traditional and folkloric medicine and found to possess many biological activities. Different solvents, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Annona squamosa seeds (ASPE, ASCH, ASEA, ASME) have been used to prepare plant extracts. The present investigations dealt with the free radical scavenging activity of four extracts using various techniques such as total reducing power estimation, total phenolic count, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect, evaluation of ABTS cation decolorisation capacity, FRAP assay, hdroxyl radical scavenging assay, super oxide assay and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assay of the extracts. The results showed that the four extracts of Annona squamosa showed significant reducing power in four extracts. The total phenolic contents in petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol extracts and positive control were 0.64±0.17, 0.54±0.27, 0.49±0.24, 0.5...