Bilal Hussain - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Bilal Hussain

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021

This study uses the theory of planned behavior to examine the individual’s intentions and zig-zag... more This study uses the theory of planned behavior to examine the individual’s intentions and zig-zag kiln technology adoption attitude in responding to carbon emissions in Pakistan. This study is based on cross-sectional data and a representative sample of 335 brick kilns owners from 11 districts of Punjab province of Pakistan is collected. Partial least squares structural equation modeling technique was used for the analysis. Results depicted that environmental concern and self-efficacy have a significant influence on attitude toward sustainable technology while subjective norms have a significant effect on intentions toward zig-zag kiln technology. A 1% increase in environmental concern and self-efficacy increases sustainable environmental technology by 24% and 58%, respectively. Furthermore, perceived behavioral control and intentions also significantly impact adoption attitude, and a 1% increase in perceived behavioral control and intentions increase the zig-zag kiln adoption attitude by 68% and 30%, respectively. Results depicted that adoption attitude is significantly determined by these explanatory variables. The study’s findings provided new evidence for the government to place more emphasis on enhancing kiln owners’ attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control, which would lead towards the adoption of this new technique.

Cureus, 2020

Introduction: Stigma is a label that differentiates a person from others and associates them with... more Introduction: Stigma is a label that differentiates a person from others and associates them with unenviable attributes. There are various forms of stigma: enacted stigma, perceived stigma, and self-stigma manifesting as stereotyping and harboring negative thoughts about the stigmatized group. Stigmatization of the drug abuser leads to effects such as low self-esteem, depression, and personality changes in the stigmatized. Objectives: The purpose of the study is to know the impact of stigma on patients receiving substance abuse treatment in the Psychiatry Department,

Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2017

This study investigates the potential of the comet and micronucleus assays of fish DNA as a means... more This study investigates the potential of the comet and micronucleus assays of fish DNA as a means of screening the toxicity of aquatic environments. Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala collected from the River Chenab in Pakistan were used as a case study for the application of comet and micronucleus techniques. Comet and micronucleus assays were used to compare DNA damage in C. catla and C. mrigala collected from polluted areas of the River Chenab and farmed fish. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry showed an acute level of toxicity from Cd, Cu, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cr, Sn, and Hg in river water. Comet assay showed significant (p < 0.05) DNA damage in C. catla representing 17.33 ± 2.42, 11.53 ± 2.14, and 14.17% DNA in the comet tail, averaged from three sites of the polluted area of the river. Tail moment was observed as 10.06 ± 2.71, 3.11 ± 0.74, and 14.70 ± 1.89, while olive moment was 8.85 ± 1.84, 3.83 ± 0.76, and 7.11 ± 0.73, respectively. Highly significant (p < 0.01) damage was rep...

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2016

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the eff ect of anthropogenic pollution on DNA damage ... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the eff ect of anthropogenic pollution on DNA damage and the fatty acid profi le of the bottom dweller fi sh (Cirrhinus mrigala), collected from the River Chenab, in order to assess the eff ect of the toxicants on the quality of the fi sh meat. The levels of Cd, Hg, Cu, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cr and Sn and of phenols from this river were signifi cantly higher than the permissible limits set by the USEPA. Comet assays showed DNA damage in Cirrhinus mrigala collected from three diff erent sampling sites in the polluted area of the river. Signifi cant diff erences were observed for DNA damage through comet assay in fi sh collected from polluted compared to control sites. No signifi cant diff erences were observed for DNA damage between farmed and fi sh collected from upstream. The micronucleus assay showed similar trends. Fish from the highly polluted sites showed less number of fatty acids and more saturated fatty acids in their meat compared to fi sh from less polluted areas. Several fatty acids were missing in fi sh with higher levels of DNA in comet tail and micronucleus induction. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) was found missing in the fi sh from polluted environment while it was found in considerable amount in farmed fi sh 7.8±0.4%. Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) also showed signifi cant diff erences as 0.1±0.0 and 7.0±0.1% respectively, in wild polluted and farmed fi shes.

Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 12, 2016

A large number of methods have been applied to evaluate genotoxic damage in different aquatic spe... more A large number of methods have been applied to evaluate genotoxic damage in different aquatic species. Comet assay, as a method for detecting DNA alterations, and micronucleus test, as an index of chromosomal damage are the most widely used and authentic methods in laboratory and field studies. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects of heavy metals generated by toxic industrial effluents and various kinds of pollutants from urban and agricultural areas and domestic waste on Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala due to water pollution in the Chenab River, Pakistan. The heavy metals Cd, Cu, Mn. Zn, Pb, Cr, Sn, and Hg were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometry from water samples collected from predetermined sampling sites. All the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals were found to exceed the upper limits recommended by various agencies. Comet assays showed significant (p < 0.05) DNA damage in C. mrigala compared to C. catla for tail len...

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016

The eastern and southern parts of the Faisalabad city produce considerable quantities of industri... more The eastern and southern parts of the Faisalabad city produce considerable quantities of industrial and municipal pollutants, much of which is drained into the River Chenab, reducing the productivity of fauna and flora in the river. This study was aimed to determine whether cysteine is useful as a biomarker of exposure to polluted fresh water. The amino acid profile of fish muscle was analyzed by paper chromatography in Cirrhinus mrigala and Labeo rohita from the River Chenab to determine habitat related variations due to the pollution from industrial and domestic sources. C. mrigala showed higher level of metal contamination in muscle tissues for Sn, Cr, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Cd when compared to L. rohita. Both fish species collected from polluted areas of the river Chenab showed significantly (P < 0.01) higher levels of metals in comparison to upstream and farmed fish. Farmed C. mrigala showed cysteine concentrations in the muscle tissue as 22 ± 1 mg/g dry weight, but concentrations increased to 45 ± 2 mg/g dry weight for fish from a mildly polluted section of the river, and further increased to 83 ± 2 mg/g dry weight in more heavily polluted sections. Cysteine concentration in farmed L. rohita was detected as 28 ± 2 and 25 ± 4 mg/g dry weight, respectively for farmed fish and fish from a mildly polluted section of the river, and then increased to 94 ± 3 mg/g dry weight for fish from highly polluted water. C. mrigala from a mildly polluted area of the river also had higher levels of cysteine in the muscle, along with increases in aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and alanine. Elevated concentrations of cysteine seem to be associated with a threat to these fish species in polluted sections of the river, and thus may be used as a biomarker.

Grasas y Aceites, 2011

There are non significant differences in the amount of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in w... more There are non significant differences in the amount of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in wild and farmed nonbrooder fish whereas in case of brooder there are significant differences. Brooder farmed fish contained more saturates in gonads approximately twice that of wild fish with C16:0 as the dominating fatty acid. C18:2n-6 and C20:5n-6 were the dominating unsaturated fatty acids in the gonads. Non-brooder fish contained more unsaturated fatty acids in the meat as compared to the brooder fish and farmed fish contained higher amounts of saturated fatty acids as compared to wild fish. C18:1n-9 and C20:4n-6 fatty acids were found in higher quantities and among the saturated acids, C16:0 is the dominating one. More or less similar results were found in the case of the liver fatty acid profile of breeding and nonbreeding fish. Fish of lower weight categories contained more unsaturated fatty acids and so better for consumption to leave the brooders of higher weight categories for the breeding of future generation.

Grasas y Aceites, 2009

C22:0 were identified with considerable percentages in the liver of Catla catla from both habitat... more C22:0 were identified with considerable percentages in the liver of Catla catla from both habitats and monounsaturated fatty acid C18:1 was found in considerable amounts in the liver of both major carp. Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as C18:3 (n-6) and C20: 2 (n-6) were detected in the liver of the wild fish of W 2 and W 3 and was similar in the W 3 weight category of the farmed species.

International Journal

Hemochromatosis is a disorder in iron metabolism that is characterized by excess iron absorption.... more Hemochromatosis is a disorder in iron metabolism that is characterized by excess iron absorption. There are two forms of hemochromatosis: primary hemochromatosis is caused by a problem with your genes. Secondary or acquired hemochromatosis can be caused by other diseases. The main objective of this study is to analyze structure of different types of proteins involved in hemochromatosis. As this is the most threatening disease all over the world including Pakistan but unfortunately no data is available about it so it will be a great step to analyze the structure of its different proteins by using different online tools that gave different results according to their potential as each tool must show the same results for the same protein. Protein structure prediction is one of the most important goals persuaded by Bioinformatics for evolutionary studies and drug designing. Other objective of this project is to provide the prevalence of hemochromatosis in Faisalabad and structure prediction of its proteins to find the conserved regions. At the end the creation of a database is done that would contain all necessary information about diseases. Hereditary hemochromatosis is mainly caused by a defect in a gene called HFE. There are several types of genetic hemochromatosis. These include: Type I or Classic (HHC); Type II or Juvenile (JHC); Type III or Transferrin Receptor Mutation; and Type IV or Ferroportin Mutation. Most types of hereditary haemochromatosis have autosomal recessive inheritance, while type IV has autosomal dominant inheritance.

fspublishers.org

The present research work was aimed to study the intraprovenance variation for content and chemic... more The present research work was aimed to study the intraprovenance variation for content and chemical composition of essential oil obtained from leaves of Eucalyptus crebra. For this purpose, leave samples of mature Eucalyptus crebra plants were collected from different ...