Bill Selles - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Bill Selles

Research paper thumbnail of Computer image analysis of variance between human chromosome replication sequences and G-bands

American journal of human genetics, 1982

A computer image analysis system was applied to the quantitative study of chromosomal early- and ... more A computer image analysis system was applied to the quantitative study of chromosomal early- and late-replication patterns from the leukocytes of several normal human donors, and these patterns were compared with the chromosomal G-banding patterns. The first and last few hours of replication were discriminated by selective bromodeoxyuridine vs. thymidine incorporation in DNA and a Hoechst-blacklight-Giemsa stain technique. Image analysis with Tufts Piquant system involved automatic determination of chromosome boundaries, centromeres and telomeres, linear chromatid axes, chromatid density measurements along each axis, and comparative length normalized density profiles for each chromatid and the chromosome. Consistent complementary early- and late-replication patterns were determined for autosomes 1-6 and the X chromosomes. Limited intracellular or interindividual variability occurred in the intensity of a few active replication peaks but not in their location. However, there were ver...

Research paper thumbnail of An automated microscope for cytologic research a preliminary evaluation

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 1976

A research-oriented system for automated microscopy is described from an operational point of vie... more A research-oriented system for automated microscopy is described from an operational point of view. The system consists of a microscope, a TV camera, an automatic cell finder and a servo-driven computer controlled stage. The system is interfaced to a NOVA 840 computer having 112,000 words of 16-bit core memory and extensive peripherals. It is capable of performing a wide variety of image processing tasks and is being used to study various aspects of automated microscopy, with applications in, but not limited to, cytology. Results of preliminary performance evaluations are given.

Research paper thumbnail of Book Review Index Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

Research paper thumbnail of Subject Index Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

Anomalies of first polar body formation during maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro: 106 Autoradi... more Anomalies of first polar body formation during maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro: 106 Autoradiographic identification of a 13/21 translocation: 396-studies of an abnormal familial chromosome of the D (13-15) group: 351

Research paper thumbnail of Computer image analysis of variance between human chromosome replication sequences and G-bands

American journal of human genetics, 1982

A computer image analysis system was applied to the quantitative study of chromosomal early- and ... more A computer image analysis system was applied to the quantitative study of chromosomal early- and late-replication patterns from the leukocytes of several normal human donors, and these patterns were compared with the chromosomal G-banding patterns. The first and last few hours of replication were discriminated by selective bromodeoxyuridine vs. thymidine incorporation in DNA and a Hoechst-blacklight-Giemsa stain technique. Image analysis with Tufts Piquant system involved automatic determination of chromosome boundaries, centromeres and telomeres, linear chromatid axes, chromatid density measurements along each axis, and comparative length normalized density profiles for each chromatid and the chromosome. Consistent complementary early- and late-replication patterns were determined for autosomes 1-6 and the X chromosomes. Limited intracellular or interindividual variability occurred in the intensity of a few active replication peaks but not in their location. However, there were ver...

Research paper thumbnail of An automated microscope for cytologic research a preliminary evaluation

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 1976

A research-oriented system for automated microscopy is described from an operational point of vie... more A research-oriented system for automated microscopy is described from an operational point of view. The system consists of a microscope, a TV camera, an automatic cell finder and a servo-driven computer controlled stage. The system is interfaced to a NOVA 840 computer having 112,000 words of 16-bit core memory and extensive peripherals. It is capable of performing a wide variety of image processing tasks and is being used to study various aspects of automated microscopy, with applications in, but not limited to, cytology. Results of preliminary performance evaluations are given.

Research paper thumbnail of Book Review Index Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

Research paper thumbnail of Subject Index Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

Anomalies of first polar body formation during maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro: 106 Autoradi... more Anomalies of first polar body formation during maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro: 106 Autoradiographic identification of a 13/21 translocation: 396-studies of an abnormal familial chromosome of the D (13-15) group: 351

Research paper thumbnail of Contents, Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

All rights, including that o f translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduc... more All rights, including that o f translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduction (photocopy, microcopy) o f this volume or parts thereof without special permission o f the publishers is prohibited.

Research paper thumbnail of Contents, Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

All rights, including that o f translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduc... more All rights, including that o f translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduction (photocopy, microcopy) o f this volume or parts thereof without special permission o f the publishers is prohibited.

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Computers in Diagnostic Pathology in Laboratory Medicine

: The ever increasing need for accurate, large scale laboratory measurements of microscopic speci... more : The ever increasing need for accurate, large scale laboratory measurements of microscopic specimens is expected to stimulate the application of computer techniques to any routine which is or becomes widely used. To facilitate such applications in the future, research in computerized measuring techniques and pattern recognition algorithms, as well as in hardware for scanning and computing, needs to be performed. One way to make sure that this research gets done, and that its results will be readily usable in the pathology laboratory is to have a few pathologists become actively and intimately involved with it.

Research paper thumbnail of Computer analysis of Giemsa banding patterns and automatic classification of human chromosomes

American journal of human genetics, 1974

Research paper thumbnail of Computer identification of white blood cells

The hardware and software problems for an effective image processing system are described, with a... more The hardware and software problems for an effective image processing system are described, with a real time high speed system solution as the goal. The discriminating power of the algorithms has been tested in a simulation made on the PIQUANT film scanner and is between 67 and 92% depending on the definition of accuracy. The results are expected to be of value to firms designing and building commercial equipment and to prospective purchasers of it.

Research paper thumbnail of Automated Classification of Normal and Abnormal Leukocytes

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 1974

The development of an automated system for counting and classifying normal and abnormal leukocyte... more The development of an automated system for counting and classifying normal and abnormal leukocytes in peripheral blood smears is described. General requirements are discussed and the results of a simulation experiment are presented. A sample of 1572 leukocytes, divided equally among 17 types, was photographed and analyzed using computerized pattern recognition techniques. Various geometrical, color and texture parameters were extracted from the cell images and an optimal set of 20 were used in several computerized classification runs. Training on one-half of the sample and classifying the other half resulted in an over-all correct classification of between 67 and 77% depending on the definition of classification error. When only normal cells are considered, correct classification is obtained for 9l.5% of the cells.

Research paper thumbnail of Subgroups of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone perikarya defined by computer analyses in the basal forebrain of intact female rats

Endocrinology, 1992

The hypothesis that the basal forebrain population of LHRH perikarya is composed of heterogeneous... more The hypothesis that the basal forebrain population of LHRH perikarya is composed of heterogeneous subgroups was examined in this study. We used three-dimensional computerized reconstruction to examine populations of LHRH-immunopositive neurons detected in noncolchicine treated cycling female rats. Perikarya were detected with two antisera capable of detecting LHRH decapeptide within larger mol wt species, i.e. Millar's (RM) 1076 and Arimura's (AA) 419. No immunopositive perikarya were detected with antiserum AA 422, which requires the fully processed decapeptide for binding. A more broadly distributed population of LHRH neurons was detected in females killed on proestrus than in females killed on estrus or the other days of the cycle. These relationships were observed with both antisera, RM 1076 and AA 419. Subgroups of cells were clearly defined when the population of LHRH neurons detected on proestrus was simultaneously displayed with the population detected on estrus. Strikingly similar subgroups were revealed by simultaneous displays of populations of LHRH neurons detected by the antisera RM 1076 and AA 419 in proestrous females. This study revealed a three-dimensional onion skin-like laminar organization of LHRH subgroups expanding from the ventricle outward laterally and from the diagonal band of Broca to the hypothalamus caudally. We propose that these subgroups vary in their metabolic activity of biosynthesis, processing, transport, or release of LHRH in relation to the proestrous preovulatory release of LH.

Research paper thumbnail of Combined interactive computer measurement and automatic classification of human chromosomes

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

A computer system to both measure and classify human chromosomes with good accuracy compared to m... more A computer system to both measure and classify human chromosomes with good accuracy compared to manual methods is described. Using a 35-mm photomicrographic negative, the system, while measuring the chromosomes automatically, requires a human operator’s interaction for about 15% of the chromosomes. Results for an initial 45 spreads are given. Using the interactively measured arm lengths and arm areas, the system classified over 99% of the chromosomes correctly into 10 classes without any assistance; two chromosomes, or 0.1% of the initial sample, were misclassified (from group D to E). For the remaining 1%, interaction after classification was requested by the computer, and, with the information available to the operator, a correct classification can be made in these cases by him. The system uses a computer-controlled flying spot scanner connected to a medium-size general purpose computer, an IBM 360 Series, Model 30, and takes 25 min per spread. An annual capacity of 7500 analyzed ...

Research paper thumbnail of Densitometric Analysis Of Blood Flow Of The Optic Nerve Head In Glaucoma

SPIE Proceedings, 1974

In glaucoma the increased level of pressure within the eye results in atrophy of the optic nerve ... more In glaucoma the increased level of pressure within the eye results in atrophy of the optic nerve with loss in visual function. Impairment of the blood supply to the optic nerve by the increased pressure appears to be primarily responsible for the atrophy. Sequential photographs of the optic nerve head after an intravenous injection of fluorescein dye provide a detailed topography of its vascular system as a function of time. Densitometric techniques can be utilized as a means of objective analysis and measurement to separate normal vascular patterns from those of the glaucomatous patient. Techniques for the analysis of peak times, circulation times, intensity ratios and flow rates are described in normal and glaucomatous optic nerve heads.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes in food patterns during a low-fat dietary intervention in women

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 1990

The Women's Health Trial was initiated by the National Cancer Institute to study the effects ... more The Women's Health Trial was initiated by the National Cancer Institute to study the effects of a low-fat diet on the incidence of breast cancer in women at elevated risk for the disease. The purpose of this article is to examine the specific dietary changes that 173 women made while participating in a feasibility intervention program to reduce their fat intake to approximately 20% of total calories over a 12-month period. The intervention program used group sessions to teach nutrition information and behavioral skills necessary to make a life-style dietary change. Four-day food records were collected from participants at the beginning of the study and again at 12 months. Women in the intervention group reduced their total fat intake from a mean of 76 gm (39% of total energy) to 31 gm (22% of total energy), mainly by decreasing their fat intake from milk products, red meats, and fats/oils. These women used cheddar cheese, American cheese, whole milk, butter, mayonnaise, salad dr...

Research paper thumbnail of Third International Congress of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry

Third International Congress of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 1968

The tissue distribution of enzymatic activities in intestinal metaplasia stomachs exhibiting chro... more The tissue distribution of enzymatic activities in intestinal metaplasia stomachs exhibiting chronic gastritis was compared histochemically with that of the small intestine in man.

Research paper thumbnail of Local transforms for biomedical image analysis

Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 1980

COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND IMAGE PROCESSING 13, 1730 (1980) Local Transforms for Biomedical Image Anal... more COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND IMAGE PROCESSING 13, 1730 (1980) Local Transforms for Biomedical Image Analysis .JAMES M. LESTER, JOHN F. BRENNER, AND WILLIAM D. SELLES Image Analysis Laboratory, TuftsNew England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Computer image analysis of variance between human chromosome replication sequences and G-bands

American journal of human genetics, 1982

A computer image analysis system was applied to the quantitative study of chromosomal early- and ... more A computer image analysis system was applied to the quantitative study of chromosomal early- and late-replication patterns from the leukocytes of several normal human donors, and these patterns were compared with the chromosomal G-banding patterns. The first and last few hours of replication were discriminated by selective bromodeoxyuridine vs. thymidine incorporation in DNA and a Hoechst-blacklight-Giemsa stain technique. Image analysis with Tufts Piquant system involved automatic determination of chromosome boundaries, centromeres and telomeres, linear chromatid axes, chromatid density measurements along each axis, and comparative length normalized density profiles for each chromatid and the chromosome. Consistent complementary early- and late-replication patterns were determined for autosomes 1-6 and the X chromosomes. Limited intracellular or interindividual variability occurred in the intensity of a few active replication peaks but not in their location. However, there were ver...

Research paper thumbnail of An automated microscope for cytologic research a preliminary evaluation

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 1976

A research-oriented system for automated microscopy is described from an operational point of vie... more A research-oriented system for automated microscopy is described from an operational point of view. The system consists of a microscope, a TV camera, an automatic cell finder and a servo-driven computer controlled stage. The system is interfaced to a NOVA 840 computer having 112,000 words of 16-bit core memory and extensive peripherals. It is capable of performing a wide variety of image processing tasks and is being used to study various aspects of automated microscopy, with applications in, but not limited to, cytology. Results of preliminary performance evaluations are given.

Research paper thumbnail of Book Review Index Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

Research paper thumbnail of Subject Index Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

Anomalies of first polar body formation during maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro: 106 Autoradi... more Anomalies of first polar body formation during maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro: 106 Autoradiographic identification of a 13/21 translocation: 396-studies of an abnormal familial chromosome of the D (13-15) group: 351

Research paper thumbnail of Computer image analysis of variance between human chromosome replication sequences and G-bands

American journal of human genetics, 1982

A computer image analysis system was applied to the quantitative study of chromosomal early- and ... more A computer image analysis system was applied to the quantitative study of chromosomal early- and late-replication patterns from the leukocytes of several normal human donors, and these patterns were compared with the chromosomal G-banding patterns. The first and last few hours of replication were discriminated by selective bromodeoxyuridine vs. thymidine incorporation in DNA and a Hoechst-blacklight-Giemsa stain technique. Image analysis with Tufts Piquant system involved automatic determination of chromosome boundaries, centromeres and telomeres, linear chromatid axes, chromatid density measurements along each axis, and comparative length normalized density profiles for each chromatid and the chromosome. Consistent complementary early- and late-replication patterns were determined for autosomes 1-6 and the X chromosomes. Limited intracellular or interindividual variability occurred in the intensity of a few active replication peaks but not in their location. However, there were ver...

Research paper thumbnail of An automated microscope for cytologic research a preliminary evaluation

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 1976

A research-oriented system for automated microscopy is described from an operational point of vie... more A research-oriented system for automated microscopy is described from an operational point of view. The system consists of a microscope, a TV camera, an automatic cell finder and a servo-driven computer controlled stage. The system is interfaced to a NOVA 840 computer having 112,000 words of 16-bit core memory and extensive peripherals. It is capable of performing a wide variety of image processing tasks and is being used to study various aspects of automated microscopy, with applications in, but not limited to, cytology. Results of preliminary performance evaluations are given.

Research paper thumbnail of Book Review Index Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

Research paper thumbnail of Subject Index Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

Anomalies of first polar body formation during maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro: 106 Autoradi... more Anomalies of first polar body formation during maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro: 106 Autoradiographic identification of a 13/21 translocation: 396-studies of an abnormal familial chromosome of the D (13-15) group: 351

Research paper thumbnail of Contents, Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

All rights, including that o f translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduc... more All rights, including that o f translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduction (photocopy, microcopy) o f this volume or parts thereof without special permission o f the publishers is prohibited.

Research paper thumbnail of Contents, Vol. 9, 1970

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

All rights, including that o f translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduc... more All rights, including that o f translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduction (photocopy, microcopy) o f this volume or parts thereof without special permission o f the publishers is prohibited.

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Computers in Diagnostic Pathology in Laboratory Medicine

: The ever increasing need for accurate, large scale laboratory measurements of microscopic speci... more : The ever increasing need for accurate, large scale laboratory measurements of microscopic specimens is expected to stimulate the application of computer techniques to any routine which is or becomes widely used. To facilitate such applications in the future, research in computerized measuring techniques and pattern recognition algorithms, as well as in hardware for scanning and computing, needs to be performed. One way to make sure that this research gets done, and that its results will be readily usable in the pathology laboratory is to have a few pathologists become actively and intimately involved with it.

Research paper thumbnail of Computer analysis of Giemsa banding patterns and automatic classification of human chromosomes

American journal of human genetics, 1974

Research paper thumbnail of Computer identification of white blood cells

The hardware and software problems for an effective image processing system are described, with a... more The hardware and software problems for an effective image processing system are described, with a real time high speed system solution as the goal. The discriminating power of the algorithms has been tested in a simulation made on the PIQUANT film scanner and is between 67 and 92% depending on the definition of accuracy. The results are expected to be of value to firms designing and building commercial equipment and to prospective purchasers of it.

Research paper thumbnail of Automated Classification of Normal and Abnormal Leukocytes

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 1974

The development of an automated system for counting and classifying normal and abnormal leukocyte... more The development of an automated system for counting and classifying normal and abnormal leukocytes in peripheral blood smears is described. General requirements are discussed and the results of a simulation experiment are presented. A sample of 1572 leukocytes, divided equally among 17 types, was photographed and analyzed using computerized pattern recognition techniques. Various geometrical, color and texture parameters were extracted from the cell images and an optimal set of 20 were used in several computerized classification runs. Training on one-half of the sample and classifying the other half resulted in an over-all correct classification of between 67 and 77% depending on the definition of classification error. When only normal cells are considered, correct classification is obtained for 9l.5% of the cells.

Research paper thumbnail of Subgroups of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone perikarya defined by computer analyses in the basal forebrain of intact female rats

Endocrinology, 1992

The hypothesis that the basal forebrain population of LHRH perikarya is composed of heterogeneous... more The hypothesis that the basal forebrain population of LHRH perikarya is composed of heterogeneous subgroups was examined in this study. We used three-dimensional computerized reconstruction to examine populations of LHRH-immunopositive neurons detected in noncolchicine treated cycling female rats. Perikarya were detected with two antisera capable of detecting LHRH decapeptide within larger mol wt species, i.e. Millar's (RM) 1076 and Arimura's (AA) 419. No immunopositive perikarya were detected with antiserum AA 422, which requires the fully processed decapeptide for binding. A more broadly distributed population of LHRH neurons was detected in females killed on proestrus than in females killed on estrus or the other days of the cycle. These relationships were observed with both antisera, RM 1076 and AA 419. Subgroups of cells were clearly defined when the population of LHRH neurons detected on proestrus was simultaneously displayed with the population detected on estrus. Strikingly similar subgroups were revealed by simultaneous displays of populations of LHRH neurons detected by the antisera RM 1076 and AA 419 in proestrous females. This study revealed a three-dimensional onion skin-like laminar organization of LHRH subgroups expanding from the ventricle outward laterally and from the diagonal band of Broca to the hypothalamus caudally. We propose that these subgroups vary in their metabolic activity of biosynthesis, processing, transport, or release of LHRH in relation to the proestrous preovulatory release of LH.

Research paper thumbnail of Combined interactive computer measurement and automatic classification of human chromosomes

Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1970

A computer system to both measure and classify human chromosomes with good accuracy compared to m... more A computer system to both measure and classify human chromosomes with good accuracy compared to manual methods is described. Using a 35-mm photomicrographic negative, the system, while measuring the chromosomes automatically, requires a human operator’s interaction for about 15% of the chromosomes. Results for an initial 45 spreads are given. Using the interactively measured arm lengths and arm areas, the system classified over 99% of the chromosomes correctly into 10 classes without any assistance; two chromosomes, or 0.1% of the initial sample, were misclassified (from group D to E). For the remaining 1%, interaction after classification was requested by the computer, and, with the information available to the operator, a correct classification can be made in these cases by him. The system uses a computer-controlled flying spot scanner connected to a medium-size general purpose computer, an IBM 360 Series, Model 30, and takes 25 min per spread. An annual capacity of 7500 analyzed ...

Research paper thumbnail of Densitometric Analysis Of Blood Flow Of The Optic Nerve Head In Glaucoma

SPIE Proceedings, 1974

In glaucoma the increased level of pressure within the eye results in atrophy of the optic nerve ... more In glaucoma the increased level of pressure within the eye results in atrophy of the optic nerve with loss in visual function. Impairment of the blood supply to the optic nerve by the increased pressure appears to be primarily responsible for the atrophy. Sequential photographs of the optic nerve head after an intravenous injection of fluorescein dye provide a detailed topography of its vascular system as a function of time. Densitometric techniques can be utilized as a means of objective analysis and measurement to separate normal vascular patterns from those of the glaucomatous patient. Techniques for the analysis of peak times, circulation times, intensity ratios and flow rates are described in normal and glaucomatous optic nerve heads.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes in food patterns during a low-fat dietary intervention in women

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 1990

The Women's Health Trial was initiated by the National Cancer Institute to study the effects ... more The Women's Health Trial was initiated by the National Cancer Institute to study the effects of a low-fat diet on the incidence of breast cancer in women at elevated risk for the disease. The purpose of this article is to examine the specific dietary changes that 173 women made while participating in a feasibility intervention program to reduce their fat intake to approximately 20% of total calories over a 12-month period. The intervention program used group sessions to teach nutrition information and behavioral skills necessary to make a life-style dietary change. Four-day food records were collected from participants at the beginning of the study and again at 12 months. Women in the intervention group reduced their total fat intake from a mean of 76 gm (39% of total energy) to 31 gm (22% of total energy), mainly by decreasing their fat intake from milk products, red meats, and fats/oils. These women used cheddar cheese, American cheese, whole milk, butter, mayonnaise, salad dr...

Research paper thumbnail of Third International Congress of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry

Third International Congress of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 1968

The tissue distribution of enzymatic activities in intestinal metaplasia stomachs exhibiting chro... more The tissue distribution of enzymatic activities in intestinal metaplasia stomachs exhibiting chronic gastritis was compared histochemically with that of the small intestine in man.

Research paper thumbnail of Local transforms for biomedical image analysis

Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 1980

COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND IMAGE PROCESSING 13, 1730 (1980) Local Transforms for Biomedical Image Anal... more COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND IMAGE PROCESSING 13, 1730 (1980) Local Transforms for Biomedical Image Analysis .JAMES M. LESTER, JOHN F. BRENNER, AND WILLIAM D. SELLES Image Analysis Laboratory, TuftsNew England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 ...