Billy Sanders - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Billy Sanders

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of risk of anterior myocardial infarction by lesion severity and measurement method of stenoses in the left anterior descending coronary distribution: a CASS Registry Study

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, May 1, 1988

To asfs the 3 year risk of anterior mywardial infarction gmaphers, by P c"rrent sk@e okwver reres... more To asfs the 3 year risk of anterior mywardial infarction gmaphers, by P c"rrent sk@e okwver reresdii md by in pauen(s witk tan anterior dfsadklg cwnsry artery lmlfpmrarply comll"ter nnens!lRme"t teckntniguf3. Aksoklte territory dii (30 to 1Wk stenmtsJ, NakmJ Heart, dii."ih was .?m%ed by conlpuier memsluement.

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of risk of anterior myocardial infarction by lesion severity and measurement method of stenoses in the left anterior descending coronary distribution: a CASS Registry Study

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, May 1, 1988

To asfs the 3 year risk of anterior mywardial infarction gmaphers, by P c"rrent sk@e okwver reres... more To asfs the 3 year risk of anterior mywardial infarction gmaphers, by P c"rrent sk@e okwver reresdii md by in pauen(s witk tan anterior dfsadklg cwnsry artery lmlfpmrarply comll"ter nnens!lRme"t teckntniguf3. Aksoklte territory dii (30 to 1Wk stenmtsJ, NakmJ Heart, dii."ih was .?m%ed by conlpuier memsluement.

Research paper thumbnail of Pelvic morphology in the extant sexually-dimorphic fallow deer Dama dama compared to that of male Maiacetus inuus

Research paper thumbnail of Pelvic morphology in the extant sexually-dimorphic fallow deer Dama dama compared to that of male Maiacetus inuus

Research paper thumbnail of Mating systems and sexual dimorphism in marine mammals

Research paper thumbnail of Mating systems and sexual dimorphism in marine mammals

Research paper thumbnail of Sulfonamides Having Antiangiogenic and Anticancer Activity

Research paper thumbnail of Sulfonamides Having Antiangiogenic and Anticancer Activity

Research paper thumbnail of A quantitative cardiac angiography system for use in a clinical trial

Proceedings. Computers in Cardiology 1988

The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) is a multicenter randomized trial b... more The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) is a multicenter randomized trial being sponsored by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute to determine the relative efficacy of coronary-artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary transluminal angioplasty in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. BARI requires objective analysis of both coronary and left-ventricular angiography from several thousand patients at fourteen geographically dispersed medical centers. In order to collect and analyze these data, the authors developed a personal-computer-based distributed data collection system that is installed at Stanford and at each of the clinical sites. The system has been in operation for six weeks and has proved to be highly successful. The system hardware and software components are listed, and the operation and user interface are described and illustrated with sample dialog screens and graphics.<<ETX>>

Research paper thumbnail of A quantitative cardiac angiography system for use in a clinical trial

Proceedings. Computers in Cardiology 1988

The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) is a multicenter randomized trial b... more The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) is a multicenter randomized trial being sponsored by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute to determine the relative efficacy of coronary-artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary transluminal angioplasty in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. BARI requires objective analysis of both coronary and left-ventricular angiography from several thousand patients at fourteen geographically dispersed medical centers. In order to collect and analyze these data, the authors developed a personal-computer-based distributed data collection system that is installed at Stanford and at each of the clinical sites. The system has been in operation for six weeks and has proved to be highly successful. The system hardware and software components are listed, and the operation and user interface are described and illustrated with sample dialog screens and graphics.<<ETX>>

Research paper thumbnail of The SHIFT language is currently being used to create applications for detailed specification and design of vehicle/highway control systems, simulation of formation of mini-submarines for marine survey, design and simulation of air traf fic control system, material handling systems mod- eling. 7. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The SHIFT language is currently being used to create applications for detailed specification and design of vehicle/highway control systems, simulation of formation of mini-submarines for marine survey, design and simulation of air traf fic control system, material handling systems mod- eling. 7. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Potential benefits of in-vehicle information systems in a real life freeway corridor under recurring and incident-induced congestion

Conference Record of papers presented at the First Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference (VNIS '89)

Prepared in cooperation with the State of California, Business and Transportation Agency, Departm... more Prepared in cooperation with the State of California, Business and Transportation Agency, Department of Transportation. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

Research paper thumbnail of Potential benefits of in-vehicle information systems in a real life freeway corridor under recurring and incident-induced congestion

Conference Record of papers presented at the First Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference (VNIS '89)

Prepared in cooperation with the State of California, Business and Transportation Agency, Departm... more Prepared in cooperation with the State of California, Business and Transportation Agency, Department of Transportation. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

Research paper thumbnail of Anatomic and machine projection angles of various radiographic imaging systems used for cardiac angiography

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1991

Quantitation of coronary artery dimensions in serial angiographic studies requires an awareness o... more Quantitation of coronary artery dimensions in serial angiographic studies requires an awareness of the variety, complexity, and implications of radiographic imaging equipment used for coronary arteriography. Recognition of the geometric complexities inherent in angiographic imaging systems is important in understanding complex image rotations and ensuring identity of projections when serial comparison is desired. Tables, figures, and formulae are provided to permit translation of machine angles into patient reference angles and vice versa.

Research paper thumbnail of Anatomic and machine projection angles of various radiographic imaging systems used for cardiac angiography

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1991

Quantitation of coronary artery dimensions in serial angiographic studies requires an awareness o... more Quantitation of coronary artery dimensions in serial angiographic studies requires an awareness of the variety, complexity, and implications of radiographic imaging equipment used for coronary arteriography. Recognition of the geometric complexities inherent in angiographic imaging systems is important in understanding complex image rotations and ensuring identity of projections when serial comparison is desired. Tables, figures, and formulae are provided to permit translation of machine angles into patient reference angles and vice versa.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of catheters and metallic catheter markers as calibration standard for measurement of coronary dimension

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1990

Measurement of coronary dimension requires an accurate and reproducible dimensional reference. An... more Measurement of coronary dimension requires an accurate and reproducible dimensional reference. Angiographic catheters are frequently used for this purpose. We measured the angiographic diameters of a broad range of diagnostic and angioplasty guiding catheters by using two commonly used edge-detection algorithms. Angiographic diameters are significantly less than true catheter outer diameter. Therefore the use of contrast-filled catheters as a dimensional reference may lead to considerable error in vessel measurement with overestimation of absolute dimension. Tables of reference values for multiple catheters are included. We also evaluated the suitability of a metallic-tipped "marker" catheter as calibration standard, tested under a variety of angiographic conditions. The metallic-tipped marker was found to have a better degree of reproducibility than catheters. These findings have implications for studies employing serial measurements of coronary artery dimension and for the clinical practice of estimating vessel diameter for choice of balloon size during angioplasty.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of catheters and metallic catheter markers as calibration standard for measurement of coronary dimension

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1990

Measurement of coronary dimension requires an accurate and reproducible dimensional reference. An... more Measurement of coronary dimension requires an accurate and reproducible dimensional reference. Angiographic catheters are frequently used for this purpose. We measured the angiographic diameters of a broad range of diagnostic and angioplasty guiding catheters by using two commonly used edge-detection algorithms. Angiographic diameters are significantly less than true catheter outer diameter. Therefore the use of contrast-filled catheters as a dimensional reference may lead to considerable error in vessel measurement with overestimation of absolute dimension. Tables of reference values for multiple catheters are included. We also evaluated the suitability of a metallic-tipped "marker" catheter as calibration standard, tested under a variety of angiographic conditions. The metallic-tipped marker was found to have a better degree of reproducibility than catheters. These findings have implications for studies employing serial measurements of coronary artery dimension and for the clinical practice of estimating vessel diameter for choice of balloon size during angioplasty.

Research paper thumbnail of Coronary artery quantitation and data management system for paired cineangiograms

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1991

A computerized system designed to optimize the quantltation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineangl... more A computerized system designed to optimize the quantltation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineanglograms is described and validated. Because the system has two cine film digitizers, it processes paired coronary arteriograms for the evaluation of serial changes in coronary arteries. A database system was specifically designed for the storage of coronary artery quantitatlon data which resides on a file server in a local area network and may be accessed by multiple workstations. in radiographic phantom studies of nine contrast-filled iucite cylinders of known size, the overall accuracy and precision for the measured diameters were 0.069 mm and 0.066 mm respectively. Measurements of minimum diameter and percent diameter stenosis of 21 coronary lesions selected from 17 routine cineangiograms showed high degree of intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility.

Research paper thumbnail of Coronary artery quantitation and data management system for paired cineangiograms

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1991

A computerized system designed to optimize the quantltation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineangl... more A computerized system designed to optimize the quantltation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineanglograms is described and validated. Because the system has two cine film digitizers, it processes paired coronary arteriograms for the evaluation of serial changes in coronary arteries. A database system was specifically designed for the storage of coronary artery quantitatlon data which resides on a file server in a local area network and may be accessed by multiple workstations. in radiographic phantom studies of nine contrast-filled iucite cylinders of known size, the overall accuracy and precision for the measured diameters were 0.069 mm and 0.066 mm respectively. Measurements of minimum diameter and percent diameter stenosis of 21 coronary lesions selected from 17 routine cineangiograms showed high degree of intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility.

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of risk of anterior myocardial infarction by lesion severity and measurement method of stenoses in the left anterior descending coronary distribution: a CASS Registry Study

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, May 1, 1988

To asfs the 3 year risk of anterior mywardial infarction gmaphers, by P c"rrent sk@e okwver reres... more To asfs the 3 year risk of anterior mywardial infarction gmaphers, by P c"rrent sk@e okwver reresdii md by in pauen(s witk tan anterior dfsadklg cwnsry artery lmlfpmrarply comll"ter nnens!lRme"t teckntniguf3. Aksoklte territory dii (30 to 1Wk stenmtsJ, NakmJ Heart, dii."ih was .?m%ed by conlpuier memsluement.

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of risk of anterior myocardial infarction by lesion severity and measurement method of stenoses in the left anterior descending coronary distribution: a CASS Registry Study

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, May 1, 1988

To asfs the 3 year risk of anterior mywardial infarction gmaphers, by P c"rrent sk@e okwver reres... more To asfs the 3 year risk of anterior mywardial infarction gmaphers, by P c"rrent sk@e okwver reresdii md by in pauen(s witk tan anterior dfsadklg cwnsry artery lmlfpmrarply comll"ter nnens!lRme"t teckntniguf3. Aksoklte territory dii (30 to 1Wk stenmtsJ, NakmJ Heart, dii."ih was .?m%ed by conlpuier memsluement.

Research paper thumbnail of Pelvic morphology in the extant sexually-dimorphic fallow deer Dama dama compared to that of male Maiacetus inuus

Research paper thumbnail of Pelvic morphology in the extant sexually-dimorphic fallow deer Dama dama compared to that of male Maiacetus inuus

Research paper thumbnail of Mating systems and sexual dimorphism in marine mammals

Research paper thumbnail of Mating systems and sexual dimorphism in marine mammals

Research paper thumbnail of Sulfonamides Having Antiangiogenic and Anticancer Activity

Research paper thumbnail of Sulfonamides Having Antiangiogenic and Anticancer Activity

Research paper thumbnail of A quantitative cardiac angiography system for use in a clinical trial

Proceedings. Computers in Cardiology 1988

The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) is a multicenter randomized trial b... more The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) is a multicenter randomized trial being sponsored by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute to determine the relative efficacy of coronary-artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary transluminal angioplasty in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. BARI requires objective analysis of both coronary and left-ventricular angiography from several thousand patients at fourteen geographically dispersed medical centers. In order to collect and analyze these data, the authors developed a personal-computer-based distributed data collection system that is installed at Stanford and at each of the clinical sites. The system has been in operation for six weeks and has proved to be highly successful. The system hardware and software components are listed, and the operation and user interface are described and illustrated with sample dialog screens and graphics.<<ETX>>

Research paper thumbnail of A quantitative cardiac angiography system for use in a clinical trial

Proceedings. Computers in Cardiology 1988

The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) is a multicenter randomized trial b... more The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) is a multicenter randomized trial being sponsored by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute to determine the relative efficacy of coronary-artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary transluminal angioplasty in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. BARI requires objective analysis of both coronary and left-ventricular angiography from several thousand patients at fourteen geographically dispersed medical centers. In order to collect and analyze these data, the authors developed a personal-computer-based distributed data collection system that is installed at Stanford and at each of the clinical sites. The system has been in operation for six weeks and has proved to be highly successful. The system hardware and software components are listed, and the operation and user interface are described and illustrated with sample dialog screens and graphics.<<ETX>>

Research paper thumbnail of The SHIFT language is currently being used to create applications for detailed specification and design of vehicle/highway control systems, simulation of formation of mini-submarines for marine survey, design and simulation of air traf fic control system, material handling systems mod- eling. 7. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The SHIFT language is currently being used to create applications for detailed specification and design of vehicle/highway control systems, simulation of formation of mini-submarines for marine survey, design and simulation of air traf fic control system, material handling systems mod- eling. 7. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Potential benefits of in-vehicle information systems in a real life freeway corridor under recurring and incident-induced congestion

Conference Record of papers presented at the First Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference (VNIS '89)

Prepared in cooperation with the State of California, Business and Transportation Agency, Departm... more Prepared in cooperation with the State of California, Business and Transportation Agency, Department of Transportation. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

Research paper thumbnail of Potential benefits of in-vehicle information systems in a real life freeway corridor under recurring and incident-induced congestion

Conference Record of papers presented at the First Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference (VNIS '89)

Prepared in cooperation with the State of California, Business and Transportation Agency, Departm... more Prepared in cooperation with the State of California, Business and Transportation Agency, Department of Transportation. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

Research paper thumbnail of Anatomic and machine projection angles of various radiographic imaging systems used for cardiac angiography

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1991

Quantitation of coronary artery dimensions in serial angiographic studies requires an awareness o... more Quantitation of coronary artery dimensions in serial angiographic studies requires an awareness of the variety, complexity, and implications of radiographic imaging equipment used for coronary arteriography. Recognition of the geometric complexities inherent in angiographic imaging systems is important in understanding complex image rotations and ensuring identity of projections when serial comparison is desired. Tables, figures, and formulae are provided to permit translation of machine angles into patient reference angles and vice versa.

Research paper thumbnail of Anatomic and machine projection angles of various radiographic imaging systems used for cardiac angiography

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1991

Quantitation of coronary artery dimensions in serial angiographic studies requires an awareness o... more Quantitation of coronary artery dimensions in serial angiographic studies requires an awareness of the variety, complexity, and implications of radiographic imaging equipment used for coronary arteriography. Recognition of the geometric complexities inherent in angiographic imaging systems is important in understanding complex image rotations and ensuring identity of projections when serial comparison is desired. Tables, figures, and formulae are provided to permit translation of machine angles into patient reference angles and vice versa.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of catheters and metallic catheter markers as calibration standard for measurement of coronary dimension

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1990

Measurement of coronary dimension requires an accurate and reproducible dimensional reference. An... more Measurement of coronary dimension requires an accurate and reproducible dimensional reference. Angiographic catheters are frequently used for this purpose. We measured the angiographic diameters of a broad range of diagnostic and angioplasty guiding catheters by using two commonly used edge-detection algorithms. Angiographic diameters are significantly less than true catheter outer diameter. Therefore the use of contrast-filled catheters as a dimensional reference may lead to considerable error in vessel measurement with overestimation of absolute dimension. Tables of reference values for multiple catheters are included. We also evaluated the suitability of a metallic-tipped "marker" catheter as calibration standard, tested under a variety of angiographic conditions. The metallic-tipped marker was found to have a better degree of reproducibility than catheters. These findings have implications for studies employing serial measurements of coronary artery dimension and for the clinical practice of estimating vessel diameter for choice of balloon size during angioplasty.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of catheters and metallic catheter markers as calibration standard for measurement of coronary dimension

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1990

Measurement of coronary dimension requires an accurate and reproducible dimensional reference. An... more Measurement of coronary dimension requires an accurate and reproducible dimensional reference. Angiographic catheters are frequently used for this purpose. We measured the angiographic diameters of a broad range of diagnostic and angioplasty guiding catheters by using two commonly used edge-detection algorithms. Angiographic diameters are significantly less than true catheter outer diameter. Therefore the use of contrast-filled catheters as a dimensional reference may lead to considerable error in vessel measurement with overestimation of absolute dimension. Tables of reference values for multiple catheters are included. We also evaluated the suitability of a metallic-tipped "marker" catheter as calibration standard, tested under a variety of angiographic conditions. The metallic-tipped marker was found to have a better degree of reproducibility than catheters. These findings have implications for studies employing serial measurements of coronary artery dimension and for the clinical practice of estimating vessel diameter for choice of balloon size during angioplasty.

Research paper thumbnail of Coronary artery quantitation and data management system for paired cineangiograms

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1991

A computerized system designed to optimize the quantltation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineangl... more A computerized system designed to optimize the quantltation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineanglograms is described and validated. Because the system has two cine film digitizers, it processes paired coronary arteriograms for the evaluation of serial changes in coronary arteries. A database system was specifically designed for the storage of coronary artery quantitatlon data which resides on a file server in a local area network and may be accessed by multiple workstations. in radiographic phantom studies of nine contrast-filled iucite cylinders of known size, the overall accuracy and precision for the measured diameters were 0.069 mm and 0.066 mm respectively. Measurements of minimum diameter and percent diameter stenosis of 21 coronary lesions selected from 17 routine cineangiograms showed high degree of intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility.

Research paper thumbnail of Coronary artery quantitation and data management system for paired cineangiograms

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 1991

A computerized system designed to optimize the quantltation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineangl... more A computerized system designed to optimize the quantltation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineanglograms is described and validated. Because the system has two cine film digitizers, it processes paired coronary arteriograms for the evaluation of serial changes in coronary arteries. A database system was specifically designed for the storage of coronary artery quantitatlon data which resides on a file server in a local area network and may be accessed by multiple workstations. in radiographic phantom studies of nine contrast-filled iucite cylinders of known size, the overall accuracy and precision for the measured diameters were 0.069 mm and 0.066 mm respectively. Measurements of minimum diameter and percent diameter stenosis of 21 coronary lesions selected from 17 routine cineangiograms showed high degree of intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility.