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Papers by Blaise-Pascal Mihigo
Definitions REDD+: Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in developing... more Definitions REDD+: Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in developing countries, and the role of conservation; sustainable management of forests carbon st ocks in developing countries. Polluter-Pays Principle : Principle of international law which promotes the protection of the environment by making the responsible of a polluting activity (polluter) bears the co st f his/her pollution. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Framework and Management: means the legal basis, management strategy and practice concerning biodiversity and ecosystems which are applicab le in the Congo Basin rainforests. Abstract
3. Relationship of ecosystem services valuation , distribuition and protection with the provider ... more 3. Relationship of ecosystem services valuation , distribuition and protection with the provider gets principle A. Valuing ecosystem services with the provider gets principle B. Distribution of ecosystem services with the provider gets principle C. Protecting ecosystem services with the provider gets principle
This chapter reports on evidence about the role of forests and trees in alleviating poverty and s... more This chapter reports on evidence about the role of forests and trees in alleviating poverty and supporting wider human well-being. It considers how, whether, where, when and for whom forests and trees are important in forest-poverty dynamics. We organise the evidence according to four possible relationships between forest products and ecosystem services and poverty: 1) helping households move out of poverty; 2) supporting well-being through subsistence, food security and cultural and spiritual values; 3) mitigating risks; and 4) decreasing well-being by generating negative externalities that could significantly contribute to trapping or moving households into poverty. The evidence shows that these relationships are strongly context-dependent, varying with geography and social, economic and political contexts. However, across contexts, we most commonly observe that forest and tree products and services help the poor to secure and stabilise their livelihoods, rather than either helpin...
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is involved in the implementation of an international Paym... more The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is involved in the implementation of an international Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) (UNEP: Developing international payments for environmental services: a technical discussion (Background Paper), 2006) mechanism, namely “Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation in the developing countries and the conservation, sustainable forest management and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks in the developing countries” (REDD+). However, the laws of the DRC are insufficient to achieve a sustainable PES and REDD+ implementation. Based on indicators on land tenure security, classical conditions of contracts, 3E+ REDD+ criteria and measures on conservation and restoration, this chapter analyses the laws related to PES in force in the DRC in order to obtain a more sustainable preservation of ecosystem services. The chapter focuses on four ecosystem services: carbon sequestration and storage, biodiversity protection, watershed prote...
Afrika Focus, 2017
The study starts from a hypothesis on the coherence and compatibility of the legal instruments in... more The study starts from a hypothesis on the coherence and compatibility of the legal instruments in force in Cameroon and in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) with the optimization of payment for environmental services (PES) and the preservation of environmental services. This study has employed a legal approach and interviews in order to investigate whether there is coherence and compatibility or not between the two variables of this hypothesis: (1) the legal instruments in force in Cameroon and in the DRC and (2) the optimization of PES and the preservation of environmental services. This study consists of three parts. The first part deals with the theoretical framework of PES and the place of PES in the legal order. In this first part, the definition of an optimal PES, the indicators of an optimal PES and the categories of legal frameworks on PES have been revealed. These are the fundamental elements to conduct a systematic analysis in the second and third parts. Based on thes...
Definitions REDD+: Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in developing... more Definitions REDD+: Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in developing countries, and the role of conservation; sustainable management of forests carbon st ocks in developing countries. Polluter-Pays Principle : Principle of international law which promotes the protection of the environment by making the responsible of a polluting activity (polluter) bears the co st f his/her pollution. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Framework and Management: means the legal basis, management strategy and practice concerning biodiversity and ecosystems which are applicab le in the Congo Basin rainforests. Abstract
3. Relationship of ecosystem services valuation , distribuition and protection with the provider ... more 3. Relationship of ecosystem services valuation , distribuition and protection with the provider gets principle A. Valuing ecosystem services with the provider gets principle B. Distribution of ecosystem services with the provider gets principle C. Protecting ecosystem services with the provider gets principle
This chapter reports on evidence about the role of forests and trees in alleviating poverty and s... more This chapter reports on evidence about the role of forests and trees in alleviating poverty and supporting wider human well-being. It considers how, whether, where, when and for whom forests and trees are important in forest-poverty dynamics. We organise the evidence according to four possible relationships between forest products and ecosystem services and poverty: 1) helping households move out of poverty; 2) supporting well-being through subsistence, food security and cultural and spiritual values; 3) mitigating risks; and 4) decreasing well-being by generating negative externalities that could significantly contribute to trapping or moving households into poverty. The evidence shows that these relationships are strongly context-dependent, varying with geography and social, economic and political contexts. However, across contexts, we most commonly observe that forest and tree products and services help the poor to secure and stabilise their livelihoods, rather than either helpin...
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is involved in the implementation of an international Paym... more The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is involved in the implementation of an international Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) (UNEP: Developing international payments for environmental services: a technical discussion (Background Paper), 2006) mechanism, namely “Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation in the developing countries and the conservation, sustainable forest management and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks in the developing countries” (REDD+). However, the laws of the DRC are insufficient to achieve a sustainable PES and REDD+ implementation. Based on indicators on land tenure security, classical conditions of contracts, 3E+ REDD+ criteria and measures on conservation and restoration, this chapter analyses the laws related to PES in force in the DRC in order to obtain a more sustainable preservation of ecosystem services. The chapter focuses on four ecosystem services: carbon sequestration and storage, biodiversity protection, watershed prote...
Afrika Focus, 2017
The study starts from a hypothesis on the coherence and compatibility of the legal instruments in... more The study starts from a hypothesis on the coherence and compatibility of the legal instruments in force in Cameroon and in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) with the optimization of payment for environmental services (PES) and the preservation of environmental services. This study has employed a legal approach and interviews in order to investigate whether there is coherence and compatibility or not between the two variables of this hypothesis: (1) the legal instruments in force in Cameroon and in the DRC and (2) the optimization of PES and the preservation of environmental services. This study consists of three parts. The first part deals with the theoretical framework of PES and the place of PES in the legal order. In this first part, the definition of an optimal PES, the indicators of an optimal PES and the categories of legal frameworks on PES have been revealed. These are the fundamental elements to conduct a systematic analysis in the second and third parts. Based on thes...