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introduction Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) have been the primary anti-wear source in engine... more introduction Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) have been the primary anti-wear source in engine oil and other industrial lubricant formulations for more than 60 years. Over the past two decades, environmental concerns were the major driving force to push for replacing ZDDP with other zinc-free, lower phosphorus and lower sulfur anti-wear additives, at least partially, in automobile industry [1-3]. Ashless lubricant additives are a potential alternative to ZDDP, and provide necessary protection against wear. The earliest research work and application of ashless lubricant additives date back to 1940s [4]. In general, based on the elements contained in their chemical
Zinc diakyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has been used in engine oil for several decades as an antiwear... more Zinc diakyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has been used in engine oil for several decades as an antiwear additive. However, ZDDP is the primary source of P, S and Zn in the exhaust, which results in frequent maintenance or replacement of exhaust gas treatment systems. The use of ashless additives is more desirable because of recent environmental regulations. The main goal of
Tribology International, 2017
Zinc diakyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has been used in engine oil for several decades as an antiwear... more Zinc diakyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has been used in engine oil for several decades as an antiwear additive. However, ZDDP is the primary source of P, S and Zn in the exhaust, which results in frequent maintenance or replacement of exhaust gas treatment systems. The use of ashless additives is more desirable because of recent environmental regulations. The main goal of
introduction Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) have been the primary anti-wear source in engine... more introduction Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) have been the primary anti-wear source in engine oil and other industrial lubricant formulations for more than 60 years. Over the past two decades, environmental concerns were the major driving force to push for replacing ZDDP with other zinc-free, lower phosphorus and lower sulfur anti-wear additives, at least partially, in automobile industry [1-3]. Ashless lubricant additives are a potential alternative to ZDDP, and provide necessary protection against wear. The earliest research work and application of ashless lubricant additives date back to 1940s [4]. In general, based on the elements contained in their chemical
Zinc diakyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has been used in engine oil for several decades as an antiwear... more Zinc diakyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has been used in engine oil for several decades as an antiwear additive. However, ZDDP is the primary source of P, S and Zn in the exhaust, which results in frequent maintenance or replacement of exhaust gas treatment systems. The use of ashless additives is more desirable because of recent environmental regulations. The main goal of
Tribology International, 2017
Zinc diakyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has been used in engine oil for several decades as an antiwear... more Zinc diakyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) has been used in engine oil for several decades as an antiwear additive. However, ZDDP is the primary source of P, S and Zn in the exhaust, which results in frequent maintenance or replacement of exhaust gas treatment systems. The use of ashless additives is more desirable because of recent environmental regulations. The main goal of