Boris Revich - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Boris Revich
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2016
Exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals during critical phases of testicular development may ... more Exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals during critical phases of testicular development may be related to poorer semen parameters. However, few studies have assessed the association between childhood organochlorine (OC) exposure and adult semen parameters. We examined whether peripubertal serum OC concentrations are associated with semen parameters among young Russian men. From 2003 to 2005, 516 boys were enrolled at age 8-9 years and followed for up to ten years. Serum OCs were measured in the enrollment samples using high-resolution mass spectrometry. At age 18-19 years, 133 young men provided one or two semen samples (256 samples) collected approximately one week apart, which were analyzed for volume, sperm concentration and motility. Unadjusted and adjusted linear mixed models were used to examine the associations of quartiles of lipid-standardized concentrations of dioxins [2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs)], furans, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and corresponding toxic equivalents (TEQs) with semen parameters. The median (range) for TCDD was 2.9 (0.4, 12.1) pg/g lipid and PCDD TEQs was 8.7 (1.0, 36.0) pg TEQ/g lipid. Higher quartiles of TCDD and PCDD TEQs were associated with lower sperm concentration, total sperm count and total motile sperm count (p-trends≤0.05). The highest quartile of peripubertal serum TCDD concentrations was associated with a decrease (95% Confidence Interval) of 40% (18, 66%), 29% (3, 64%) and 30% (2, 70%) in sperm concentration, total sperm count, and total motile sperm count, respectively, compared with the lowest quartile. Similar associations were observed for serum PCDD TEQs with semen parameters. Serum PCBs, furans and total TEQs were not associated with semen parameters. Higher peripubertal serum TCDD concentrations and PCDD TEQs were associated with poorer semen parameters.
Gigiena I Sanitariya, 2009
The occurring climate changes have a considerable impact on human health. The higher frequency of... more The occurring climate changes have a considerable impact on human health. The higher frequency of different natural disasters, including flood and typhoons, deteriorates the epidemiological situation. Evidence is provided for the importance of climate warming as a risk factor for a number of communicable diseases, including West Nile fever in the Astrakhan and Volgograd Regions. The paper presents the results of analytical epidemiological surveys, by using the time-series analysis, in Tver and Moscow, which indicate an increase in the number of fatal outcomes particularly among the elderly during temperature heat and cold waves. The specific features of the impact of climate warming on human health in the northern and southern regions of the country are considered. The need for developing the National Plan of Actions to prevent the population's health from climate changes is warranted.
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2015
Ekologiya Cheloveka Human Ecology, 2011
Environmental health perspectives, Jan 17, 2016
Dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin-like and nondioxin-like, have been ... more Dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin-like and nondioxin-like, have been linked to alterations in puberty. We examined the association of peripubertal serum levels of these compounds (and their toxic equivalents (TEQs)) with pubertal onset and maturity among Russian boys enrolled at ages 8-9 years and followed prospectively through ages 17-18 years. At enrollment, 473 boys had serum dioxin-like compounds and PCBs measured. At the baseline visit and annually until age 17-18 years, a physician performed pubertal staging [Genitalia (G), Pubarche (P), and testicular volume (TV)]. 315 subjects completed the follow-up visit at 17-18 years of age. Pubertal onset was defined as TV>3 mL, G2, or P2. Sexual maturity was defined as TV≥20 mL, G5, or P5. Multivariable interval-censored models were used to evaluate associations of lipid-standardized concentrations with pubertal timing. Medians (interquartile ranges) of the sum of dioxin-like compounds, TEQs, and nondioxi...
Arch Environ Health, 2009
Daily cadmium intake was assessed in three Russian cities as were deviations in health of the wor... more Daily cadmium intake was assessed in three Russian cities as were deviations in health of the working population and children who resided near the sources of contamination. In the surveyed workers of a storage battery factory (n = 27), the urinary cadmium content exceeded the threshold of 14 micrograms/l and averaged 53.8 micrograms/l; the average hair cadmium was 99.3 micrograms/g. Workers employed in metallurgic cadmium production (n = 16) had an average urinary cadmium level of 40.9 micrograms/l and a hair cadmium level of 92.0 micrograms/g. Workers in a cadmium-containing dyes plant had an average urinary cadmium level of 9.04 micrograms/l and a hair cadmium level of 25.1 micrograms/g. Increased urinary excretion of beta-2-microglobulin was found only in workers aged 31 y or older. The general population that resided in the vicinity of the cadmium emissions showed increased urine and hair cadmium levels; levels were greatest near the metallurgic plant and the storage battery factory. Air cadmium content and beta-2-microglobulin excretion were correlated (r = 0.96). The findings confirm results of other epidemiologic studies and underscore the necessity of reducing the maximum allowable concentration of cadmium in the atmospheric air because of excessive intake from other sources.
Ekologiya Cheloveka Human Ecology, 2010
The Science of the Total Environment, Jan 15, 1995
In arctic and subarctic regions of Russia, there are 34 industrial cities where the largest metal... more In arctic and subarctic regions of Russia, there are 34 industrial cities where the largest metallurgic, paper, and pulp production in the world takes place. This article reviews investigations in environmental epidemiology, which are just beginning. The investigations are hindered by the absence of computer databases and by the migration of the population into other regions. Marked changes in the status of public health can be seen in Nor&k and Montchegorsk, the centers of metallurgy, as well as in cities near paper and pulp production. Improvement of epidemiologic investigations will require better analytical methods and the consideration of information from international sources, for example, the foundation of a cancer register and a register for congenital abnormalities in newborns.
Rural and remote health
Although the health impacts of heat waves and, to a lesser extent, cold spells in big cities in m... more Although the health impacts of heat waves and, to a lesser extent, cold spells in big cities in moderate climates have been well documented, little is known about the same impacts in the circumpolar region. An epidemiological study in an Arctic town presents considerable difficulties for the statistician because of small population sizes. When daily mortality counts are mostly 0, 1 or 2, they are not normally distributed and do not fit the independence assumption. The aim of this study was to take these difficulties into account and assess the impacts of extreme temperature events on mortality rates in Yakutsk, a city with a strongly continental climate, situated near the north pole. Long-term distributions of daily mean temperatures were analyzed for identification of heat waves and cold spells during the study period of 1999 to 2007. The authors investigated daily mortality from all non-accidental causes, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular causes among the age groups 30-64...
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2015
Few human studies have evaluated the impact of childhood exposure to organochlorine pesticides (O... more Few human studies have evaluated the impact of childhood exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCP) on pubertal development. To evaluate associations of serum OCP concentrations [hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), and p,p-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE)] with age at attainment of sexual maturity among boys. From 2003-2005, 350 8-9 year-old boys from Chapaevsk, Russia with measured OCPs were enrolled and followed annually for eight years. We used multivariable interval-censored models to evaluate associations of OCPs (quartiles) with three physician-assessed measures of sexual maturity: Tanner stage 5 for genitalia growth, Tanner stage 5 for pubic hair growth, or testicular volume (TV)≥20 mL in either testis. In adjusted models, boys with higher HCB concentrations achieved sexual maturity reflected by TV≥20 mL a mean of 3.1 months (95% CI: -1.7, 7.8), 5.3 months (95% CI: 0.6, 10.1), and 5.0 months (95% CI: 0.2, 9.8) later for quartiles Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively compared to Q1 (trend p=0.04). Tanner stage 5 for genitalia growth was attained a mean of 2.2 months (95% CI: -3.1, 7.5), 5.7 months (95% CI: 0.4, 11.0), and 3.7 months (-1.7, 9.1) later for quartiles Q2, Q3, and Q4 respectively of β-HCH as compared to Q1 (trend p=0.09). Tanner stage 5 for pubic hair growth occurred 6-9 months later on average for boys in the highest vs. lowest quartile for HCB (trend p<0.001), β-HCH (trend p=0.01), and p,p'-DDE (trend p=0.04). No associations were observed between p,p'-DDE and Tanner stage 5 for genitalia growth or TV≥20 mL. Higher prepubertal serum HCB and β-HCH concentrations were associated with a later age at attainment of sexual maturity. Only the highest quartile of serum p,p'-DDE was associated with later pubic hair maturation.
Chapaevsk is a Russian POPs hotspot. Chemical plant was the principal source of emissions of diox... more Chapaevsk is a Russian POPs hotspot. Chemical plant was the principal source of emissions of dioxins/furans, lindan and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in this town. Production of lindan and HCB was stopped in 1987 and final stop of any production of this plant was in 2003. Since 1997 environmental remediation measures were conducted. The purpose of this study, supported by Samara regional government, was to evaluate the PCDD/Fs levels in environment and foods of Chapaevsk after 3 years of full inactivity of the plant and 10 years of rehabilitation program. 29 samples of soil, water, sediment, building wall, house dust, fish and eggs were analyzed. Levels of PCDD/Fs in soil, water and sediment have been decreased, however dioxins level remains high in building wall samples. All samples near plant had a high level. Eggs samples taken from own farms demonstrated the serious current contamination by dioxins. Highest dioxin/furans level, 7121 pg/g lipids, was found in carp caught 200 meters off the plant. The area of the plant and the adjacent residential area should be cleaned to decrease dioxin exposure on people, who lives near the plant.
![Research paper thumbnail of [Lead and children's health: results of some Russian studies in 2000-2009]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49916531/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Gigiena i sanitariia
Environmental pollution by lead and its effects on human health continue to remain one of the mos... more Environmental pollution by lead and its effects on human health continue to remain one of the most urgent problems of environmental hygiene. The paper gives the results of basic environmental and epidemiological studies conducted in different regions of the country, which prove elevated lead levels in the blood of examined children. The role of the influence of household factors on the elevation of blood lead levels in a child is shown, by using a town that has no large sources of lead emission as an example. Evidence is provided that a program should be elaborated to reduce a risk for human lead poisoning, which involves the introduction of methods for the biomonitoring and treatment of children having elevated blood lead levels.
![Research paper thumbnail of [Evaluation of the effect of climatic warming on population health is a new task of preventive medicine]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49916503/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Vestnik Rossiĭskoĭ akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossiĭskaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk, 2005
Climatic warming in Russia presents a real hazard to population health. The authors consider effe... more Climatic warming in Russia presents a real hazard to population health. The authors consider effects of warming on prevalence of a range of infectious and parasitic diseases and stress that nowadays the most sufficient evedence has been obtained for West Nil fever and Crimea fever. Long-term dynamic stationary observations are necessary to obtain sufficient data on other infectious diseses. In cities abnormally high temperatures cause elevation of cardiovascular mortality, including myocardial infarction mortality, as well as growth of drowning and suicide rate.
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2016
Exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals during critical phases of testicular development may ... more Exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals during critical phases of testicular development may be related to poorer semen parameters. However, few studies have assessed the association between childhood organochlorine (OC) exposure and adult semen parameters. We examined whether peripubertal serum OC concentrations are associated with semen parameters among young Russian men. From 2003 to 2005, 516 boys were enrolled at age 8-9 years and followed for up to ten years. Serum OCs were measured in the enrollment samples using high-resolution mass spectrometry. At age 18-19 years, 133 young men provided one or two semen samples (256 samples) collected approximately one week apart, which were analyzed for volume, sperm concentration and motility. Unadjusted and adjusted linear mixed models were used to examine the associations of quartiles of lipid-standardized concentrations of dioxins [2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs)], furans, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and corresponding toxic equivalents (TEQs) with semen parameters. The median (range) for TCDD was 2.9 (0.4, 12.1) pg/g lipid and PCDD TEQs was 8.7 (1.0, 36.0) pg TEQ/g lipid. Higher quartiles of TCDD and PCDD TEQs were associated with lower sperm concentration, total sperm count and total motile sperm count (p-trends≤0.05). The highest quartile of peripubertal serum TCDD concentrations was associated with a decrease (95% Confidence Interval) of 40% (18, 66%), 29% (3, 64%) and 30% (2, 70%) in sperm concentration, total sperm count, and total motile sperm count, respectively, compared with the lowest quartile. Similar associations were observed for serum PCDD TEQs with semen parameters. Serum PCBs, furans and total TEQs were not associated with semen parameters. Higher peripubertal serum TCDD concentrations and PCDD TEQs were associated with poorer semen parameters.
Gigiena I Sanitariya, 2009
The occurring climate changes have a considerable impact on human health. The higher frequency of... more The occurring climate changes have a considerable impact on human health. The higher frequency of different natural disasters, including flood and typhoons, deteriorates the epidemiological situation. Evidence is provided for the importance of climate warming as a risk factor for a number of communicable diseases, including West Nile fever in the Astrakhan and Volgograd Regions. The paper presents the results of analytical epidemiological surveys, by using the time-series analysis, in Tver and Moscow, which indicate an increase in the number of fatal outcomes particularly among the elderly during temperature heat and cold waves. The specific features of the impact of climate warming on human health in the northern and southern regions of the country are considered. The need for developing the National Plan of Actions to prevent the population's health from climate changes is warranted.
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2015
Ekologiya Cheloveka Human Ecology, 2011
Environmental health perspectives, Jan 17, 2016
Dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin-like and nondioxin-like, have been ... more Dioxins, furans, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin-like and nondioxin-like, have been linked to alterations in puberty. We examined the association of peripubertal serum levels of these compounds (and their toxic equivalents (TEQs)) with pubertal onset and maturity among Russian boys enrolled at ages 8-9 years and followed prospectively through ages 17-18 years. At enrollment, 473 boys had serum dioxin-like compounds and PCBs measured. At the baseline visit and annually until age 17-18 years, a physician performed pubertal staging [Genitalia (G), Pubarche (P), and testicular volume (TV)]. 315 subjects completed the follow-up visit at 17-18 years of age. Pubertal onset was defined as TV>3 mL, G2, or P2. Sexual maturity was defined as TV≥20 mL, G5, or P5. Multivariable interval-censored models were used to evaluate associations of lipid-standardized concentrations with pubertal timing. Medians (interquartile ranges) of the sum of dioxin-like compounds, TEQs, and nondioxi...
Arch Environ Health, 2009
Daily cadmium intake was assessed in three Russian cities as were deviations in health of the wor... more Daily cadmium intake was assessed in three Russian cities as were deviations in health of the working population and children who resided near the sources of contamination. In the surveyed workers of a storage battery factory (n = 27), the urinary cadmium content exceeded the threshold of 14 micrograms/l and averaged 53.8 micrograms/l; the average hair cadmium was 99.3 micrograms/g. Workers employed in metallurgic cadmium production (n = 16) had an average urinary cadmium level of 40.9 micrograms/l and a hair cadmium level of 92.0 micrograms/g. Workers in a cadmium-containing dyes plant had an average urinary cadmium level of 9.04 micrograms/l and a hair cadmium level of 25.1 micrograms/g. Increased urinary excretion of beta-2-microglobulin was found only in workers aged 31 y or older. The general population that resided in the vicinity of the cadmium emissions showed increased urine and hair cadmium levels; levels were greatest near the metallurgic plant and the storage battery factory. Air cadmium content and beta-2-microglobulin excretion were correlated (r = 0.96). The findings confirm results of other epidemiologic studies and underscore the necessity of reducing the maximum allowable concentration of cadmium in the atmospheric air because of excessive intake from other sources.
Ekologiya Cheloveka Human Ecology, 2010
The Science of the Total Environment, Jan 15, 1995
In arctic and subarctic regions of Russia, there are 34 industrial cities where the largest metal... more In arctic and subarctic regions of Russia, there are 34 industrial cities where the largest metallurgic, paper, and pulp production in the world takes place. This article reviews investigations in environmental epidemiology, which are just beginning. The investigations are hindered by the absence of computer databases and by the migration of the population into other regions. Marked changes in the status of public health can be seen in Nor&k and Montchegorsk, the centers of metallurgy, as well as in cities near paper and pulp production. Improvement of epidemiologic investigations will require better analytical methods and the consideration of information from international sources, for example, the foundation of a cancer register and a register for congenital abnormalities in newborns.
Rural and remote health
Although the health impacts of heat waves and, to a lesser extent, cold spells in big cities in m... more Although the health impacts of heat waves and, to a lesser extent, cold spells in big cities in moderate climates have been well documented, little is known about the same impacts in the circumpolar region. An epidemiological study in an Arctic town presents considerable difficulties for the statistician because of small population sizes. When daily mortality counts are mostly 0, 1 or 2, they are not normally distributed and do not fit the independence assumption. The aim of this study was to take these difficulties into account and assess the impacts of extreme temperature events on mortality rates in Yakutsk, a city with a strongly continental climate, situated near the north pole. Long-term distributions of daily mean temperatures were analyzed for identification of heat waves and cold spells during the study period of 1999 to 2007. The authors investigated daily mortality from all non-accidental causes, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular causes among the age groups 30-64...
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2015
Few human studies have evaluated the impact of childhood exposure to organochlorine pesticides (O... more Few human studies have evaluated the impact of childhood exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCP) on pubertal development. To evaluate associations of serum OCP concentrations [hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), and p,p-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE)] with age at attainment of sexual maturity among boys. From 2003-2005, 350 8-9 year-old boys from Chapaevsk, Russia with measured OCPs were enrolled and followed annually for eight years. We used multivariable interval-censored models to evaluate associations of OCPs (quartiles) with three physician-assessed measures of sexual maturity: Tanner stage 5 for genitalia growth, Tanner stage 5 for pubic hair growth, or testicular volume (TV)≥20 mL in either testis. In adjusted models, boys with higher HCB concentrations achieved sexual maturity reflected by TV≥20 mL a mean of 3.1 months (95% CI: -1.7, 7.8), 5.3 months (95% CI: 0.6, 10.1), and 5.0 months (95% CI: 0.2, 9.8) later for quartiles Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively compared to Q1 (trend p=0.04). Tanner stage 5 for genitalia growth was attained a mean of 2.2 months (95% CI: -3.1, 7.5), 5.7 months (95% CI: 0.4, 11.0), and 3.7 months (-1.7, 9.1) later for quartiles Q2, Q3, and Q4 respectively of β-HCH as compared to Q1 (trend p=0.09). Tanner stage 5 for pubic hair growth occurred 6-9 months later on average for boys in the highest vs. lowest quartile for HCB (trend p<0.001), β-HCH (trend p=0.01), and p,p'-DDE (trend p=0.04). No associations were observed between p,p'-DDE and Tanner stage 5 for genitalia growth or TV≥20 mL. Higher prepubertal serum HCB and β-HCH concentrations were associated with a later age at attainment of sexual maturity. Only the highest quartile of serum p,p'-DDE was associated with later pubic hair maturation.
Chapaevsk is a Russian POPs hotspot. Chemical plant was the principal source of emissions of diox... more Chapaevsk is a Russian POPs hotspot. Chemical plant was the principal source of emissions of dioxins/furans, lindan and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in this town. Production of lindan and HCB was stopped in 1987 and final stop of any production of this plant was in 2003. Since 1997 environmental remediation measures were conducted. The purpose of this study, supported by Samara regional government, was to evaluate the PCDD/Fs levels in environment and foods of Chapaevsk after 3 years of full inactivity of the plant and 10 years of rehabilitation program. 29 samples of soil, water, sediment, building wall, house dust, fish and eggs were analyzed. Levels of PCDD/Fs in soil, water and sediment have been decreased, however dioxins level remains high in building wall samples. All samples near plant had a high level. Eggs samples taken from own farms demonstrated the serious current contamination by dioxins. Highest dioxin/furans level, 7121 pg/g lipids, was found in carp caught 200 meters off the plant. The area of the plant and the adjacent residential area should be cleaned to decrease dioxin exposure on people, who lives near the plant.
Gigiena i sanitariia
Environmental pollution by lead and its effects on human health continue to remain one of the mos... more Environmental pollution by lead and its effects on human health continue to remain one of the most urgent problems of environmental hygiene. The paper gives the results of basic environmental and epidemiological studies conducted in different regions of the country, which prove elevated lead levels in the blood of examined children. The role of the influence of household factors on the elevation of blood lead levels in a child is shown, by using a town that has no large sources of lead emission as an example. Evidence is provided that a program should be elaborated to reduce a risk for human lead poisoning, which involves the introduction of methods for the biomonitoring and treatment of children having elevated blood lead levels.
Vestnik Rossiĭskoĭ akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossiĭskaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk, 2005
Climatic warming in Russia presents a real hazard to population health. The authors consider effe... more Climatic warming in Russia presents a real hazard to population health. The authors consider effects of warming on prevalence of a range of infectious and parasitic diseases and stress that nowadays the most sufficient evedence has been obtained for West Nil fever and Crimea fever. Long-term dynamic stationary observations are necessary to obtain sufficient data on other infectious diseses. In cities abnormally high temperatures cause elevation of cardiovascular mortality, including myocardial infarction mortality, as well as growth of drowning and suicide rate.