Cristian Bovo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Cristian Bovo
Limiting the presence of voltage dips is becoming a key issue while managing distribution network... more Limiting the presence of voltage dips is becoming a key issue while managing distribution networks. In order to face this problem different technical solutions may be adopted. According to the Italian regulatory framework, the protection of customer plants can be achieved by both circuit breakers and fuses. A comparison between the two possibilities is performed: the task is to estimate number, depth and duration of voltage dips by the mean of a Monte Carlo indirect approach able to simulate the grid behaviour, coupled with a short circuit computation tool. The numerical results on a simple radial network are provided. The benefits associated to the fuses limiting capability are highlighted.
Science & Engineering Faculty, 2013
The European Union is committed to cut Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHGs) by 30% of 1990 levels by 2... more The European Union is committed to cut Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHGs) by 30% of 1990 levels by 2020; other countries are committed to make similar reductions under a global agreement. Some technical options are available on the supply side, to reduce GHG and other harmful emissions by the power sector. Therefore, it is important to analyze what type of power generation technologies will be chosen by companies under different CO 2 mitigation targets. Several models look into Generation Expansion Planning in oligopolistic markets; however, they do not consider the impact of CO 2 reduction targets and the transmission constraints together. This study presents a Generation Expansion planning model with transmission constraints for analyzing the implications of CO 2 emission mitigation constraints for investment decisions in oligopolistic electricity markets. The results of the model are presented with reference to the Italian power sector, responsible for 32% of national CO 2 emissions.
Energies, 2021
In this paper an optimization problem designed to calculate electric grid specific indicators to ... more In this paper an optimization problem designed to calculate electric grid specific indicators to be used within model-based methodologies for the definition of alternative electricity market bidding zone configurations is designed. The approach integrates within the framework of a bidding zone review process aligned to the specifications of the Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1222 (CACM) and Regulation (EU) 2019/943 of the European Parliament and of the Council (CEP). The calculated solution of the optimization provides locational marginal prices and allows to determine, outside the optimization problem, the power transfer distribution factors for critical elements. Both indicators can be used as inputs by specially designed clustering algorithms to identify model-based electricity market bidding zone configurations, as alternative to the current experience-based configurations. The novelty of the optimization problem studied in this paper consists in integrating the N-1 security cr...
Frontiers in Energy Research, 2021
With the development of distributed generation and demand-side response, traditional consumers ar... more With the development of distributed generation and demand-side response, traditional consumers are now converted into prosumers that can actively produce and consume electricity. Moreover, with the help of energy integration technique, prosumers are encouraged to form a multi-energy community (MEC), which can increase their social welfare through inside multi-energy sharing. This paper proposes a day-ahead cooperative trading mechanism in a MEC that depends on an energy hub (EH) to couple electricity, natural gas, and heat for all prosumers. The model of the traditional uncooperative local integrated energy system (ULIES) is also built as a comparison. A satisfaction-based profit distribution mechanism is set according to prosumers’ feelings about the extra cost they save or extra profit they gain in MEC compared with that in ULIES. Finally, case studies are set to analyze the utility of MEC in enlarging social welfare, after considering the effects of prosumers’ electricity usage p...
Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2020
Energies, 2020
Nowadays, the payment scheme of European Day-Ahead Market is based on the market clearing price b... more Nowadays, the payment scheme of European Day-Ahead Market is based on the market clearing price by running the Pan-European Hybrid Electricity Market Integration Algorithm. However, this conventional payment scheme is challenging because of the non-convexity and the short computation time requirement. Thus, the aim of this work is to propose a new clearing model in order to mitigate this challenge. The model is based on make-whole payment mechanism and it includes two major steps: (i) maximizing social welfare and (ii) achieving a Walrasian equilibrium by the “minimum-uplift approach”. The proposed model is validated and investigated by two case studies: one is an artificially created Day-Ahead Market session containing all type of bids encountered in Europe and containing a very large number of bids to stress the algorithm and the other is a reduced, but realistic, model of European market where real data from February to December of 2017 were considered. The tests show a consisten...
Energies, 2020
Renewable Energy Sources are becoming widely spread, as they are sustainable and low-carbon emiss... more Renewable Energy Sources are becoming widely spread, as they are sustainable and low-carbon emission. They are mostly penetrating the MV Distribution Networks as Distributed Generators, which has determined the evolution of the networks’ control and supervision systems, from almost a complete lack to becoming fully centralized. This paper proposes innovative voltage control architectures for the distribution networks, tailored for different development levels of the control and supervision systems encountered in real life: a Coordinated Control for networks with basic development, and an optimization-based Centralized Control for networks with fully articulated systems. The Centralized Control fits the requirements of the network: the challenging harmonization of the generator’s capability curves with the regulatory framework, and modelling of the discrete control of the On-Load Tap Changer transformer. A realistic network is used for tests and comparisons with the Local Strategy cu...
Energies, 2019
The high penetration of Renewable Energy Sources into electric networks shows new perspectives fo... more The high penetration of Renewable Energy Sources into electric networks shows new perspectives for the network’s management: among others, exploiting them as resources for network’s security in emergency situations. The paper focuses on the frequency stability of a portion of the grid when it remains islanded following a major fault. It proposes an optimization algorithm that considers the frequency reaction of the relevant components and minimizes the total costs of their shedding. The algorithm predicts the final frequency of the island and the active power profiles of the remaining generators and demands. It is formulated as a Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming problem and the high computation time due to a large-size problem is mitigated through a simplified linear version of the model that filters the integer variables. The algorithm is designed to operate on-line and preventively compute the optimal shedding actions to be engaged when islanding occurs. The algorithm is valid...
Electric Power Systems Research, 2018
2016 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT), 2016
The paper presents the current state of art of a smart Distribution Management System (DMS) envir... more The paper presents the current state of art of a smart Distribution Management System (DMS) environment based on the evolution of a traditional Supervision Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system and the integration with a Network Calculation Algorithm System (NCAS). The tool is designed to perform a sensible management, on-line and off-line, of a distribution system with a high penetration of dispersed generation. Actually, it is particularly suited for the characteristics of the distribution systems in Italy. Some examples of concrete Smart Grid Projects where the platform was installed and tested are described.
2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC), 2016
Utility-scale Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) are increasingly employed with the rapid integration ... more Utility-scale Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) are increasingly employed with the rapid integration of wind energy to provide a more economic utilization of this renewable energy source. They can displace the low cost wind energy during off-peak periods to more expensive energy during peak periods. This paper develops an AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) model with the incorporation of ESSs to examine its combined operation with wind generation in a system with multi-site wind farms. We illustrate the operation of ESSs and wind with several tests on modified IEEE 57-bus and 118-bus systems taking into account the correlation of wind between different sites.
2013 IREP Symposium Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control - IX Optimization, Security and Control of the Emerging Power Grid, 2013
2015 IEEE Eindhoven PowerTech, 2015
Global optimal solution to microgrid operational planning problem can be obtained by using a Modi... more Global optimal solution to microgrid operational planning problem can be obtained by using a Modified Optimal Dispatch Strategy (MODS) which combines Load Following Dispatch Strategy (LFDS) and Cycle Charging Dispatch Strategy (CCDS). Most of the dispatching strategies formulated in microgrid operational planning problem may lead to solutions which are not necessarily global optimal. In this work, microgrid operational planning problem is formulated as Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model which includes MODS, LFDS and CCDS. The model includes all constraints for Diesel Generators (DGs), Storage Battery (SB) bank and reserve requirements. Contrary to the simulation-based approach found in many studies, we adopt mathematical optimization approach and implement the model in General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS). The model is applied to plan day-ahead operation of a small microgrid in South Sudan. Optimization is performed by using CPLEX 12 solver. MODS is found to give optimal operation plan which has minimum daily operation cost as compared to LFDS and CCDS. This model can be used to plan day-ahead operation of any hybrid PV-Wind-Diesel-Storage microgrid, enabling the operator to consider system reliability by specifying reserve requirements.
Electrical Engineering, 2014
Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power - ICHQP 2010, 2010
Nowadays, the penetration of wind power in power systems increases very fast. In particular, the ... more Nowadays, the penetration of wind power in power systems increases very fast. In particular, the Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) are very promising for future development. The unpredictable real output of the Wind Farms (WF) can cause reactive power problems and lead to variable voltage profiles and consequently to voltage quality issues. Given these circumstances, this paper presents a summary of
Limiting the presence of voltage dips is becoming a key issue while managing distribution network... more Limiting the presence of voltage dips is becoming a key issue while managing distribution networks. In order to face this problem different technical solutions may be adopted. According to the Italian regulatory framework, the protection of customer plants can be achieved by both circuit breakers and fuses. A comparison between the two possibilities is performed: the task is to estimate number, depth and duration of voltage dips by the mean of a Monte Carlo indirect approach able to simulate the grid behaviour, coupled with a short circuit computation tool. The numerical results on a simple radial network are provided. The benefits associated to the fuses limiting capability are highlighted.
Science & Engineering Faculty, 2013
The European Union is committed to cut Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHGs) by 30% of 1990 levels by 2... more The European Union is committed to cut Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHGs) by 30% of 1990 levels by 2020; other countries are committed to make similar reductions under a global agreement. Some technical options are available on the supply side, to reduce GHG and other harmful emissions by the power sector. Therefore, it is important to analyze what type of power generation technologies will be chosen by companies under different CO 2 mitigation targets. Several models look into Generation Expansion Planning in oligopolistic markets; however, they do not consider the impact of CO 2 reduction targets and the transmission constraints together. This study presents a Generation Expansion planning model with transmission constraints for analyzing the implications of CO 2 emission mitigation constraints for investment decisions in oligopolistic electricity markets. The results of the model are presented with reference to the Italian power sector, responsible for 32% of national CO 2 emissions.
Energies, 2021
In this paper an optimization problem designed to calculate electric grid specific indicators to ... more In this paper an optimization problem designed to calculate electric grid specific indicators to be used within model-based methodologies for the definition of alternative electricity market bidding zone configurations is designed. The approach integrates within the framework of a bidding zone review process aligned to the specifications of the Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1222 (CACM) and Regulation (EU) 2019/943 of the European Parliament and of the Council (CEP). The calculated solution of the optimization provides locational marginal prices and allows to determine, outside the optimization problem, the power transfer distribution factors for critical elements. Both indicators can be used as inputs by specially designed clustering algorithms to identify model-based electricity market bidding zone configurations, as alternative to the current experience-based configurations. The novelty of the optimization problem studied in this paper consists in integrating the N-1 security cr...
Frontiers in Energy Research, 2021
With the development of distributed generation and demand-side response, traditional consumers ar... more With the development of distributed generation and demand-side response, traditional consumers are now converted into prosumers that can actively produce and consume electricity. Moreover, with the help of energy integration technique, prosumers are encouraged to form a multi-energy community (MEC), which can increase their social welfare through inside multi-energy sharing. This paper proposes a day-ahead cooperative trading mechanism in a MEC that depends on an energy hub (EH) to couple electricity, natural gas, and heat for all prosumers. The model of the traditional uncooperative local integrated energy system (ULIES) is also built as a comparison. A satisfaction-based profit distribution mechanism is set according to prosumers’ feelings about the extra cost they save or extra profit they gain in MEC compared with that in ULIES. Finally, case studies are set to analyze the utility of MEC in enlarging social welfare, after considering the effects of prosumers’ electricity usage p...
Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2020
Energies, 2020
Nowadays, the payment scheme of European Day-Ahead Market is based on the market clearing price b... more Nowadays, the payment scheme of European Day-Ahead Market is based on the market clearing price by running the Pan-European Hybrid Electricity Market Integration Algorithm. However, this conventional payment scheme is challenging because of the non-convexity and the short computation time requirement. Thus, the aim of this work is to propose a new clearing model in order to mitigate this challenge. The model is based on make-whole payment mechanism and it includes two major steps: (i) maximizing social welfare and (ii) achieving a Walrasian equilibrium by the “minimum-uplift approach”. The proposed model is validated and investigated by two case studies: one is an artificially created Day-Ahead Market session containing all type of bids encountered in Europe and containing a very large number of bids to stress the algorithm and the other is a reduced, but realistic, model of European market where real data from February to December of 2017 were considered. The tests show a consisten...
Energies, 2020
Renewable Energy Sources are becoming widely spread, as they are sustainable and low-carbon emiss... more Renewable Energy Sources are becoming widely spread, as they are sustainable and low-carbon emission. They are mostly penetrating the MV Distribution Networks as Distributed Generators, which has determined the evolution of the networks’ control and supervision systems, from almost a complete lack to becoming fully centralized. This paper proposes innovative voltage control architectures for the distribution networks, tailored for different development levels of the control and supervision systems encountered in real life: a Coordinated Control for networks with basic development, and an optimization-based Centralized Control for networks with fully articulated systems. The Centralized Control fits the requirements of the network: the challenging harmonization of the generator’s capability curves with the regulatory framework, and modelling of the discrete control of the On-Load Tap Changer transformer. A realistic network is used for tests and comparisons with the Local Strategy cu...
Energies, 2019
The high penetration of Renewable Energy Sources into electric networks shows new perspectives fo... more The high penetration of Renewable Energy Sources into electric networks shows new perspectives for the network’s management: among others, exploiting them as resources for network’s security in emergency situations. The paper focuses on the frequency stability of a portion of the grid when it remains islanded following a major fault. It proposes an optimization algorithm that considers the frequency reaction of the relevant components and minimizes the total costs of their shedding. The algorithm predicts the final frequency of the island and the active power profiles of the remaining generators and demands. It is formulated as a Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming problem and the high computation time due to a large-size problem is mitigated through a simplified linear version of the model that filters the integer variables. The algorithm is designed to operate on-line and preventively compute the optimal shedding actions to be engaged when islanding occurs. The algorithm is valid...
Electric Power Systems Research, 2018
2016 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT), 2016
The paper presents the current state of art of a smart Distribution Management System (DMS) envir... more The paper presents the current state of art of a smart Distribution Management System (DMS) environment based on the evolution of a traditional Supervision Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system and the integration with a Network Calculation Algorithm System (NCAS). The tool is designed to perform a sensible management, on-line and off-line, of a distribution system with a high penetration of dispersed generation. Actually, it is particularly suited for the characteristics of the distribution systems in Italy. Some examples of concrete Smart Grid Projects where the platform was installed and tested are described.
2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC), 2016
Utility-scale Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) are increasingly employed with the rapid integration ... more Utility-scale Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) are increasingly employed with the rapid integration of wind energy to provide a more economic utilization of this renewable energy source. They can displace the low cost wind energy during off-peak periods to more expensive energy during peak periods. This paper develops an AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) model with the incorporation of ESSs to examine its combined operation with wind generation in a system with multi-site wind farms. We illustrate the operation of ESSs and wind with several tests on modified IEEE 57-bus and 118-bus systems taking into account the correlation of wind between different sites.
2013 IREP Symposium Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control - IX Optimization, Security and Control of the Emerging Power Grid, 2013
2015 IEEE Eindhoven PowerTech, 2015
Global optimal solution to microgrid operational planning problem can be obtained by using a Modi... more Global optimal solution to microgrid operational planning problem can be obtained by using a Modified Optimal Dispatch Strategy (MODS) which combines Load Following Dispatch Strategy (LFDS) and Cycle Charging Dispatch Strategy (CCDS). Most of the dispatching strategies formulated in microgrid operational planning problem may lead to solutions which are not necessarily global optimal. In this work, microgrid operational planning problem is formulated as Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model which includes MODS, LFDS and CCDS. The model includes all constraints for Diesel Generators (DGs), Storage Battery (SB) bank and reserve requirements. Contrary to the simulation-based approach found in many studies, we adopt mathematical optimization approach and implement the model in General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS). The model is applied to plan day-ahead operation of a small microgrid in South Sudan. Optimization is performed by using CPLEX 12 solver. MODS is found to give optimal operation plan which has minimum daily operation cost as compared to LFDS and CCDS. This model can be used to plan day-ahead operation of any hybrid PV-Wind-Diesel-Storage microgrid, enabling the operator to consider system reliability by specifying reserve requirements.
Electrical Engineering, 2014
Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power - ICHQP 2010, 2010
Nowadays, the penetration of wind power in power systems increases very fast. In particular, the ... more Nowadays, the penetration of wind power in power systems increases very fast. In particular, the Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) are very promising for future development. The unpredictable real output of the Wind Farms (WF) can cause reactive power problems and lead to variable voltage profiles and consequently to voltage quality issues. Given these circumstances, this paper presents a summary of