Phil Bowen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Phil Bowen
The Low Carbon Research Institute (LCRI) was set up in 2008 to unite and promote energy research ... more The Low Carbon Research Institute (LCRI) was set up in 2008 to unite and promote energy research in Wales to help deliver a low carbon future. Working with industry and government, the LCRI’s research agenda included low to zero carbon energy supply systems, reduced energy demand, knowledge and skills transfer, and dissemination and industry partnerships. Since 2008 many successful projects highlighted in this report, have been realised. The scale of which is impressive and can serve as an excellent example of outcomes of value made possible through research funding.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007
Combustion and Flame, 2015
Atomization and Sprays, 2001
Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, 2015
ABSTRACT
‘Fuel-flexible’ gas turbines will be required over the next 20 years at least. However, this cont... more ‘Fuel-flexible’ gas turbines will be required over the next 20 years at least. However, this contrasts with recent experiences of global operators who report increasing emissions and difficult combustion dynamics with even moderate variations in the fuel supply. Swirl stabilized combustion, being the most widely spread technology to control combustion in gas turbines, will be a technology needed for dynamic stabilization of the flow field. However, the features of the recirculation zone are highly complex, three dimensional and time dependent, depending on a variety of parameters. A high momentum flow region inherent to swirling flows has attracted the attention of several groups interested in blowoff and stretch flame phenomena. Therefore, this study focuses on experimental results obtained to characterise the relation between the central recirculation zone and the high momentum flow region under moderate swirl levels using a well-studied tangential swirl burner for power generatio...
Atomization and Sprays, 1999
49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, 2011
Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B, 2010
ABSTRACT Two differential mobility spectrometers (DMS 500) were used to measure particulate size ... more ABSTRACT Two differential mobility spectrometers (DMS 500) were used to measure particulate size distributions and particulate matter losses in the exhaust of a simulated gas turbine combustor test rig. The rig is a stable gas turbine combustor simulator providing particles of physicochemical properties analogous to real aircraft engines. The rig ran at three operating conditions, giving a range of organic to elemental carbon distributions, allowing different aerosol compositions to be formed for comparison and analysis of transport losses. Smoke number from a recognised filter stain method and gas analysis of the exhaust were also taken to prove representative engine conditions. The two instruments were separated by 10m of heated stainless steel sample line and a range of transitional to turbulent flow rates from 19L/min to 64L/min were utilised for the comparative analysis. The aerosols showed measureable transport losses dependant on organic fraction, while flow rate showed substantial effects dependent on the flow state within the line. Comparisons made to the particle transport loss model from United Technologies Research Center show agreement in trend losses relative to size distribution of the particulate matter, but with losses being higher than predicted.
Journal of Flow Visualization and Image Processing, 1998
42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 2004
ABSTRACT
45th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, 2009
Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B, 2011
Increasing interest in lean fuel premixed swirl combustors has arisen because of reduced NOx emis... more Increasing interest in lean fuel premixed swirl combustors has arisen because of reduced NOx emissions. Alternative fuels, including hydrogen-enriched natural gas and by products of process industries such as coke oven gas are now receiving increasing attention. This ...
SAE Technical Paper Series, 2009
Journal of Propulsion and Power, 2013
ABSTRACT This study characterizes the central recirculation zones formed under combustion conditi... more ABSTRACT This study characterizes the central recirculation zones formed under combustion conditions, with natural gas as fuel with different geometries and degrees of premixing using a swirl combustor firing into a confinement representative of gas turbine combustors. Phase-locked particle image velocimetry is used as the main method of characterization. The technique enables characterization of the time-dependent behavior of the central recirculation zone and a three-dimensional reconstruction of its boundaries. The central recirculation zone typically had an asymmetric lobed shape and precessed about the central axis. Partially premixed combustion at near-stoichiometric equivalence ratios reduced the coherence of the central recirculation zone and often caused it to nearly disappear, although a small remnant of recirculation could still be found in the three-dimensional space. Lower equivalence ratios strengthened the central recirculation zone considerably, for both non-premixed and partially premixed combustion. Although the central recirculation zone was asymmetric in shape and precessed about the central axis, the precessing vortex core, commonly found in these flows, was found to be significantly suppressed especially when central fuel injectors were used. Its occurrence then became intermittent and irregular. A quarl exit nozzle with a divergent lip was found to reduce flame attachment to the fuel injector.
Experiments in Fluids, 2010
The Low Carbon Research Institute (LCRI) was set up in 2008 to unite and promote energy research ... more The Low Carbon Research Institute (LCRI) was set up in 2008 to unite and promote energy research in Wales to help deliver a low carbon future. Working with industry and government, the LCRI’s research agenda included low to zero carbon energy supply systems, reduced energy demand, knowledge and skills transfer, and dissemination and industry partnerships. Since 2008 many successful projects highlighted in this report, have been realised. The scale of which is impressive and can serve as an excellent example of outcomes of value made possible through research funding.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007
Combustion and Flame, 2015
Atomization and Sprays, 2001
Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, 2015
ABSTRACT
‘Fuel-flexible’ gas turbines will be required over the next 20 years at least. However, this cont... more ‘Fuel-flexible’ gas turbines will be required over the next 20 years at least. However, this contrasts with recent experiences of global operators who report increasing emissions and difficult combustion dynamics with even moderate variations in the fuel supply. Swirl stabilized combustion, being the most widely spread technology to control combustion in gas turbines, will be a technology needed for dynamic stabilization of the flow field. However, the features of the recirculation zone are highly complex, three dimensional and time dependent, depending on a variety of parameters. A high momentum flow region inherent to swirling flows has attracted the attention of several groups interested in blowoff and stretch flame phenomena. Therefore, this study focuses on experimental results obtained to characterise the relation between the central recirculation zone and the high momentum flow region under moderate swirl levels using a well-studied tangential swirl burner for power generatio...
Atomization and Sprays, 1999
49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, 2011
Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B, 2010
ABSTRACT Two differential mobility spectrometers (DMS 500) were used to measure particulate size ... more ABSTRACT Two differential mobility spectrometers (DMS 500) were used to measure particulate size distributions and particulate matter losses in the exhaust of a simulated gas turbine combustor test rig. The rig is a stable gas turbine combustor simulator providing particles of physicochemical properties analogous to real aircraft engines. The rig ran at three operating conditions, giving a range of organic to elemental carbon distributions, allowing different aerosol compositions to be formed for comparison and analysis of transport losses. Smoke number from a recognised filter stain method and gas analysis of the exhaust were also taken to prove representative engine conditions. The two instruments were separated by 10m of heated stainless steel sample line and a range of transitional to turbulent flow rates from 19L/min to 64L/min were utilised for the comparative analysis. The aerosols showed measureable transport losses dependant on organic fraction, while flow rate showed substantial effects dependent on the flow state within the line. Comparisons made to the particle transport loss model from United Technologies Research Center show agreement in trend losses relative to size distribution of the particulate matter, but with losses being higher than predicted.
Journal of Flow Visualization and Image Processing, 1998
42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 2004
ABSTRACT
45th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, 2009
Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B, 2011
Increasing interest in lean fuel premixed swirl combustors has arisen because of reduced NOx emis... more Increasing interest in lean fuel premixed swirl combustors has arisen because of reduced NOx emissions. Alternative fuels, including hydrogen-enriched natural gas and by products of process industries such as coke oven gas are now receiving increasing attention. This ...
SAE Technical Paper Series, 2009
Journal of Propulsion and Power, 2013
ABSTRACT This study characterizes the central recirculation zones formed under combustion conditi... more ABSTRACT This study characterizes the central recirculation zones formed under combustion conditions, with natural gas as fuel with different geometries and degrees of premixing using a swirl combustor firing into a confinement representative of gas turbine combustors. Phase-locked particle image velocimetry is used as the main method of characterization. The technique enables characterization of the time-dependent behavior of the central recirculation zone and a three-dimensional reconstruction of its boundaries. The central recirculation zone typically had an asymmetric lobed shape and precessed about the central axis. Partially premixed combustion at near-stoichiometric equivalence ratios reduced the coherence of the central recirculation zone and often caused it to nearly disappear, although a small remnant of recirculation could still be found in the three-dimensional space. Lower equivalence ratios strengthened the central recirculation zone considerably, for both non-premixed and partially premixed combustion. Although the central recirculation zone was asymmetric in shape and precessed about the central axis, the precessing vortex core, commonly found in these flows, was found to be significantly suppressed especially when central fuel injectors were used. Its occurrence then became intermittent and irregular. A quarl exit nozzle with a divergent lip was found to reduce flame attachment to the fuel injector.
Experiments in Fluids, 2010