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... 282 Lynda G. Gagne and Ana Ferrer ... The first uses a general estimating equation (GEE) ap-p... more ... 282 Lynda G. Gagne and Ana Ferrer ... The first uses a general estimating equation (GEE) ap-plicable for a sample with multiple observations on the same unit of analysis, in this case the child, and the second is an endogenous treatment model that controls for potential selection ...
Journal of Adolescence, 2009
This five-wave study aims to investigate the development of adolescents' perceptions of support, ... more This five-wave study aims to investigate the development of adolescents' perceptions of support, negative interaction, and power in best friendships from ages 12 to 20 years. Furthermore, gender differences and linkages between the three dimensions are explored. A total of 593 early adolescents (53.6% boys) and 337 middle adolescents (43.3% boys) participated. A multigroup multivariate accelerated growth curve showed an increase of support for both boys and girls. Negative interaction was found to temporarily increase and then decrease for boys, while remaining stable for girls. Power temporarily increased for boys and decreased for girls. Results indicated that (1) friendships become more supportive during adolescence, (2) power issues are more prominent in friendships of boys and more powerful peers are perceived as more supportive by boys but not by girls, and (3) friendships of boys show a lagged development towards more equality. Ó
While it might be expected that schooling will depend positively on the economic returns to educa... more While it might be expected that schooling will depend positively on the economic returns to education (ER) in the local labor market, in fact there is theoretical ambiguity about the sign of the schooling-ER relationship when households are liquidity-constrained. Whether the relationship is positive or negative depends on which effect dominates -the positive substitution effect of an increase in ER on years of education, or the negative income effect. For India, we find a positive relationship between the rate of return to education for adults in the local labor market and school attainment of girls and non-poor boys. The size of the effect of ER on years of education acquired is large for some groups. However, for poor boys the negative income effect dominates the positive substitution effect. Thus, while policy efforts to increase the rate of return to education should have a positive impact on educational attainment of girls and non-poor boys, they may worsen educational attainment of poor boys. This suggests that policies to raise labor market returns to education (for raising educational attainment) be accompanied by policies to ease liquidity constraints in poor families.
... 282 Lynda G. Gagne and Ana Ferrer ... The first uses a general estimating equation (GEE) ap-p... more ... 282 Lynda G. Gagne and Ana Ferrer ... The first uses a general estimating equation (GEE) ap-plicable for a sample with multiple observations on the same unit of analysis, in this case the child, and the second is an endogenous treatment model that controls for potential selection ...
Journal of Adolescence, 2009
This five-wave study aims to investigate the development of adolescents' perceptions of support, ... more This five-wave study aims to investigate the development of adolescents' perceptions of support, negative interaction, and power in best friendships from ages 12 to 20 years. Furthermore, gender differences and linkages between the three dimensions are explored. A total of 593 early adolescents (53.6% boys) and 337 middle adolescents (43.3% boys) participated. A multigroup multivariate accelerated growth curve showed an increase of support for both boys and girls. Negative interaction was found to temporarily increase and then decrease for boys, while remaining stable for girls. Power temporarily increased for boys and decreased for girls. Results indicated that (1) friendships become more supportive during adolescence, (2) power issues are more prominent in friendships of boys and more powerful peers are perceived as more supportive by boys but not by girls, and (3) friendships of boys show a lagged development towards more equality. Ó
While it might be expected that schooling will depend positively on the economic returns to educa... more While it might be expected that schooling will depend positively on the economic returns to education (ER) in the local labor market, in fact there is theoretical ambiguity about the sign of the schooling-ER relationship when households are liquidity-constrained. Whether the relationship is positive or negative depends on which effect dominates -the positive substitution effect of an increase in ER on years of education, or the negative income effect. For India, we find a positive relationship between the rate of return to education for adults in the local labor market and school attainment of girls and non-poor boys. The size of the effect of ER on years of education acquired is large for some groups. However, for poor boys the negative income effect dominates the positive substitution effect. Thus, while policy efforts to increase the rate of return to education should have a positive impact on educational attainment of girls and non-poor boys, they may worsen educational attainment of poor boys. This suggests that policies to raise labor market returns to education (for raising educational attainment) be accompanied by policies to ease liquidity constraints in poor families.