Boyin Huang - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Boyin Huang

Research paper thumbnail of Global Ocean Monitoring: A Synthesis of Atmospheric and Oceanic Analysis

Given the importance of the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on global climate variability... more Given the importance of the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on global climate variability on seasonal-to-interannual time scale, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center (CPC) actively engages in the real-time monitoring of oceanic and atmospheric conditions in the equatorial tropical Pacific (http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/precip/CWlink/MJO/enso.shtml). An important component of monitoring and predicting ENSO evolution is the oceanic sub-surface conditions. The subsurface ocean monitoring at

Research paper thumbnail of MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change

Research paper thumbnail of Possible artifacts of data biases in the recent global surface warming hiatus

Science (New York, N.Y.), Jan 4, 2015

Much study has been devoted to the possible causes of an apparent decrease in the upward trend of... more Much study has been devoted to the possible causes of an apparent decrease in the upward trend of global surface temperatures since 1998, a phenomenon that has been dubbed the global warming "hiatus." Here we present an updated global surface temperature analysis that reveals that global trends are higher than reported by the IPCC, especially in recent decades, and that the central estimate for the rate of warming during the first 15 years of the 21st century is at least as great as the last half of the 20th century. These results do not support the notion of a "slowdown" in the increase of global surface temperature.

Research paper thumbnail of AMOC variations in 1979–2008 simulated by NCEP operational ocean data assimilation system

Research paper thumbnail of The Deep-Ocean Heat Uptake in Transient Climate Change

The deep-ocean heat uptake (DOHU) in transient climate changes is studied using an ocean general ... more The deep-ocean heat uptake (DOHU) in transient climate changes is studied using an ocean general circulation model (OGCM) and its adjoint. The model configuration consists of idealized Pacific and Atlantic basins. The model is forced with the anomalies of surface heat and freshwater fluxes from a global warming scenario with a coupled model using the same ocean configuration. In the

Research paper thumbnail of Bias adjustment of AVHRR SST and its impacts on two SST analyses

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Ocean Heat Uptake in Transient Climate Change: Mechanisms and Uncertainty due to Subgrid-Scale Eddy Mixing

Journal of Climate, 2003

The ocean heat uptake (OHU) is studied using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ocea... more The ocean heat uptake (OHU) is studied using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ocean general circulation model (OGCM) with idealized ocean geometry. The OGCM is coupled with a statistical-dynamic atmospheric model. The simulation of OHU in the coupled model is consistent with other coupled ocean-atmosphere GCMs in a transient climate change when CO2 concentration increases by 1% yr-1. The

Research paper thumbnail of Why Is There a Tritium Maximum in the Central Equatorial Pacific Thermocline?

Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1998

Research paper thumbnail of Oceanic Response to Idealized Net Atmospheric Freshwater in the Pacific at the Decadal Time Scale*

Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2005

ABSTRACT In the study of decadal variations of the Pacific Ocean circulations and temperature, th... more ABSTRACT In the study of decadal variations of the Pacific Ocean circulations and temperature, the role of anomalous net atmospheric freshwater (NAFW; evaporation minus precipitation) has received scant attention even though ocean salinity anomalies are long lived and can be expected to have more variance at low frequencies than at high frequencies. To explore the magnitude of salinity and temperature anomalies and their generation processes, we studied the response of the Pacific Ocean to idealized NAFW anomalies in the tropics and subtropics, using an ocean general circulation model developed in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Simulations showed that salinity anomalies generated by the anomalous NAFW were spread throughout the Pacific basin by mean flow advection. This redistribution of salinity anomalies caused adjustments of basin-scale ocean currents, which further resulted in basin-scale temperature anomalies due to changes in heat advection caused by anomalous currents. In our study, the response of the Pacific Ocean to magnitudes and locations of anomalous NAFW was linear. When forced with a positive NAFW anomaly (anomalous evaporation) in the subtropical North (South) Pacific, a cooling appeared in the western North (South) Pacific, which extended to the tropical and South (North) Pacific; and a warming emerged in the eastern North (South) Pacific. When forced with a negative NAFW anomaly (anomalous precipitation) in the tropical Pacific, a warming occurred in the tropical Pacific and western North and South Pacific; and a cooling occurred in the eastern North Pacific near 30\deg N and the South Pacific near 30\deg S. The warming (cooling) in the tropical Pacific was associated with the weakening (strengthening) of the South Equatorial Current. The warming (cooling) in the east and cooling (warming) in the west in the subtropical North and South Pacific were associated with a spin-down (spin-up) of the subtropical gyres. The temperature anomalies propagated from the tropical Pacific to the subtropical North and South Pacific via equatorial divergent Ekman flows and poleward western boundary currents; and they propagated from the subtropical North and South Pacific to the western tropical Pacific via equatorward coastal Kelvin waves and to the eastern tropical Pacific via eastward equatorial Kelvin waves. The timescale of temperature response was typically much longer than that of salinity response due to slow adjustment times of ocean circulations. These results imply that the slow response of ocean temperature due to anomalous NAFW in the tropics and subtropics may play an important role in the Pacific decadal variability.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans to interannual variations in net atmospheric freshwater

Journal of Geophysical Research, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Impacts of Argo salinity in NCEP Global Ocean Data Assimilation System: The tropical Indian Ocean

Journal of Geophysical Research, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Response of the Indo-Pacific warm pool to interannual variations in net atmospheric freshwater

Journal of Geophysical Research, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Sensitivities of deep-ocean heat uptake and heat content to surface fluxes and subgrid-scale parameters in an ocean general circulation model with idealized geometry

Journal of Geophysical Research, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Pacific subtropical-tropical thermocline water exchange in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction ocean model

Journal of Geophysical Research, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of A Coupled Theory of Tropical Climatology: Warm Pool, Cold Tongue, and Walker Circulation

Journal of Climate, 1997

Based on results from analytic and general circulation models, the authors propose a theory for t... more Based on results from analytic and general circulation models, the authors propose a theory for the coupled warm pool, cold tongue, and Walker circulation system. The intensity of the coupled system is determined by the coupling strength, the local equilibrium time, and latitudinal differential heating. Most importantly, this intensity is strongly regulated in the coupled system, with a saturation level

Research paper thumbnail of Temperature Trend of the Last 40 Yr in the Upper Pacific Ocean

Journal of Climate, 2001

The linear temperature trend of the last 40 yr (1955-94) in the upper Pacific Ocean above 400 m i... more The linear temperature trend of the last 40 yr (1955-94) in the upper Pacific Ocean above 400 m is studied using an objectively analyzed dataset and simulations of an ocean general circulation model. Both the data and simulations suggest a warming trend in the western tropical Pacific (10°S-10°N) near the surface and in the eastern tropical Pacific above 400 m

Research paper thumbnail of Ocean Heat Uptake in Transient Climate Change: Mechanisms and Uncertainty due to Subgrid-Scale Eddy Mixing

Research paper thumbnail of The NCEP GODAS Ocean Analysis of the Tropical Pacific Mixed Layer Heat Budget on Seasonal to Interannual Time Scales

Research paper thumbnail of The Deep-Ocean Heat Uptake in Transient Climate Change

Research paper thumbnail of Cause of tropical Pacific warming trend

Geophysical Research Letters, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Global Ocean Monitoring: A Synthesis of Atmospheric and Oceanic Analysis

Given the importance of the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on global climate variability... more Given the importance of the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on global climate variability on seasonal-to-interannual time scale, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center (CPC) actively engages in the real-time monitoring of oceanic and atmospheric conditions in the equatorial tropical Pacific (http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/precip/CWlink/MJO/enso.shtml). An important component of monitoring and predicting ENSO evolution is the oceanic sub-surface conditions. The subsurface ocean monitoring at

Research paper thumbnail of MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change

Research paper thumbnail of Possible artifacts of data biases in the recent global surface warming hiatus

Science (New York, N.Y.), Jan 4, 2015

Much study has been devoted to the possible causes of an apparent decrease in the upward trend of... more Much study has been devoted to the possible causes of an apparent decrease in the upward trend of global surface temperatures since 1998, a phenomenon that has been dubbed the global warming "hiatus." Here we present an updated global surface temperature analysis that reveals that global trends are higher than reported by the IPCC, especially in recent decades, and that the central estimate for the rate of warming during the first 15 years of the 21st century is at least as great as the last half of the 20th century. These results do not support the notion of a "slowdown" in the increase of global surface temperature.

Research paper thumbnail of AMOC variations in 1979–2008 simulated by NCEP operational ocean data assimilation system

Research paper thumbnail of The Deep-Ocean Heat Uptake in Transient Climate Change

The deep-ocean heat uptake (DOHU) in transient climate changes is studied using an ocean general ... more The deep-ocean heat uptake (DOHU) in transient climate changes is studied using an ocean general circulation model (OGCM) and its adjoint. The model configuration consists of idealized Pacific and Atlantic basins. The model is forced with the anomalies of surface heat and freshwater fluxes from a global warming scenario with a coupled model using the same ocean configuration. In the

Research paper thumbnail of Bias adjustment of AVHRR SST and its impacts on two SST analyses

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Ocean Heat Uptake in Transient Climate Change: Mechanisms and Uncertainty due to Subgrid-Scale Eddy Mixing

Journal of Climate, 2003

The ocean heat uptake (OHU) is studied using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ocea... more The ocean heat uptake (OHU) is studied using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ocean general circulation model (OGCM) with idealized ocean geometry. The OGCM is coupled with a statistical-dynamic atmospheric model. The simulation of OHU in the coupled model is consistent with other coupled ocean-atmosphere GCMs in a transient climate change when CO2 concentration increases by 1% yr-1. The

Research paper thumbnail of Why Is There a Tritium Maximum in the Central Equatorial Pacific Thermocline?

Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1998

Research paper thumbnail of Oceanic Response to Idealized Net Atmospheric Freshwater in the Pacific at the Decadal Time Scale*

Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2005

ABSTRACT In the study of decadal variations of the Pacific Ocean circulations and temperature, th... more ABSTRACT In the study of decadal variations of the Pacific Ocean circulations and temperature, the role of anomalous net atmospheric freshwater (NAFW; evaporation minus precipitation) has received scant attention even though ocean salinity anomalies are long lived and can be expected to have more variance at low frequencies than at high frequencies. To explore the magnitude of salinity and temperature anomalies and their generation processes, we studied the response of the Pacific Ocean to idealized NAFW anomalies in the tropics and subtropics, using an ocean general circulation model developed in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Simulations showed that salinity anomalies generated by the anomalous NAFW were spread throughout the Pacific basin by mean flow advection. This redistribution of salinity anomalies caused adjustments of basin-scale ocean currents, which further resulted in basin-scale temperature anomalies due to changes in heat advection caused by anomalous currents. In our study, the response of the Pacific Ocean to magnitudes and locations of anomalous NAFW was linear. When forced with a positive NAFW anomaly (anomalous evaporation) in the subtropical North (South) Pacific, a cooling appeared in the western North (South) Pacific, which extended to the tropical and South (North) Pacific; and a warming emerged in the eastern North (South) Pacific. When forced with a negative NAFW anomaly (anomalous precipitation) in the tropical Pacific, a warming occurred in the tropical Pacific and western North and South Pacific; and a cooling occurred in the eastern North Pacific near 30\deg N and the South Pacific near 30\deg S. The warming (cooling) in the tropical Pacific was associated with the weakening (strengthening) of the South Equatorial Current. The warming (cooling) in the east and cooling (warming) in the west in the subtropical North and South Pacific were associated with a spin-down (spin-up) of the subtropical gyres. The temperature anomalies propagated from the tropical Pacific to the subtropical North and South Pacific via equatorial divergent Ekman flows and poleward western boundary currents; and they propagated from the subtropical North and South Pacific to the western tropical Pacific via equatorward coastal Kelvin waves and to the eastern tropical Pacific via eastward equatorial Kelvin waves. The timescale of temperature response was typically much longer than that of salinity response due to slow adjustment times of ocean circulations. These results imply that the slow response of ocean temperature due to anomalous NAFW in the tropics and subtropics may play an important role in the Pacific decadal variability.

Research paper thumbnail of Response of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans to interannual variations in net atmospheric freshwater

Journal of Geophysical Research, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Impacts of Argo salinity in NCEP Global Ocean Data Assimilation System: The tropical Indian Ocean

Journal of Geophysical Research, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Response of the Indo-Pacific warm pool to interannual variations in net atmospheric freshwater

Journal of Geophysical Research, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Sensitivities of deep-ocean heat uptake and heat content to surface fluxes and subgrid-scale parameters in an ocean general circulation model with idealized geometry

Journal of Geophysical Research, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Pacific subtropical-tropical thermocline water exchange in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction ocean model

Journal of Geophysical Research, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of A Coupled Theory of Tropical Climatology: Warm Pool, Cold Tongue, and Walker Circulation

Journal of Climate, 1997

Based on results from analytic and general circulation models, the authors propose a theory for t... more Based on results from analytic and general circulation models, the authors propose a theory for the coupled warm pool, cold tongue, and Walker circulation system. The intensity of the coupled system is determined by the coupling strength, the local equilibrium time, and latitudinal differential heating. Most importantly, this intensity is strongly regulated in the coupled system, with a saturation level

Research paper thumbnail of Temperature Trend of the Last 40 Yr in the Upper Pacific Ocean

Journal of Climate, 2001

The linear temperature trend of the last 40 yr (1955-94) in the upper Pacific Ocean above 400 m i... more The linear temperature trend of the last 40 yr (1955-94) in the upper Pacific Ocean above 400 m is studied using an objectively analyzed dataset and simulations of an ocean general circulation model. Both the data and simulations suggest a warming trend in the western tropical Pacific (10°S-10°N) near the surface and in the eastern tropical Pacific above 400 m

Research paper thumbnail of Ocean Heat Uptake in Transient Climate Change: Mechanisms and Uncertainty due to Subgrid-Scale Eddy Mixing

Research paper thumbnail of The NCEP GODAS Ocean Analysis of the Tropical Pacific Mixed Layer Heat Budget on Seasonal to Interannual Time Scales

Research paper thumbnail of The Deep-Ocean Heat Uptake in Transient Climate Change

Research paper thumbnail of Cause of tropical Pacific warming trend

Geophysical Research Letters, 2000