Brent Mast - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Brent Mast
Income redistribution from social security / by Don Fullerton and Brent Mast. p. cm. Includes bib... more Income redistribution from social security / by Don Fullerton and Brent Mast. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8447-4214-7 (pbk.: alk. paper)
Social Science Research Network, Oct 1, 2001
In this study, we use county data on private security establishments and employment for 1977-92 t... more In this study, we use county data on private security establishments and employment for 1977-92 to test two hypotheses. First, we test whether private security deters crime. Second, we test whether John Lott and David Mustard's estimates of the impact of shall-issue laws on crime are biased because of a lack of controls for private security. We find little evidence that private security reduces the crime rates for assault or larceny. Some estimates suggest murder, robbery, and/or auto theft may be deterred by private security, although these results are not robust. Of all the index crime categories, only rape is estimated to have a consistent negative relationship with private security. In addition, we find little evidence that the Lott and Mustard results are biased because of a lack of controls for the private security measures employed in this study.
Research Papers in Economics, 1997
SpAM (Spatial Analysis and Methods) presents short articles on the use of spatial sta-tistical te... more SpAM (Spatial Analysis and Methods) presents short articles on the use of spatial sta-tistical techniques for housing or urban development research. Through this department of Cityscape, the Office of Policy Development and Research introduces readers to the use of emerging spatial data analysis methods or techniques for measuring geographic relationships in research data. Researchers increasingly use these new techniques to enhance their understanding of urban patterns but often do not have access to short demonstration articles for applied guidance. If you have an idea for an article of no more than 3,000 words presenting an applied spatial data analysis method or technique, please send a one-paragraph abstract to rwilson@umbc.edu for review. In this article, I employ a Theil (1972) index to measure the spatial mismatch of beds available to shelter the homeless and homeless populations across Continuum of Care regions. I demonstrate a method for statistical inference using the The...
with different geographic units highlighted in each map. A conditioned choropleth map (CCM) is a ... more with different geographic units highlighted in each map. A conditioned choropleth map (CCM) is a type of micromap with multiple maps arranged in a panel layout conditional on one or two categorical variables, with highlighted regions shaded according to a main variable of interest. CCMs have been used in a wide variety of applications (for example, see Carr and Pickle, 2010; Carr, Wallin, and Carr, 2000; Carr, White, and MacEachren, 2005; Friendly, 2007). In this article, I demonstrate how to use CCMs to explore variation in housing cost-to-income ratios (HCIRs) in the 50 states and Washington, D.C. For renters, HCIR equals monthly rent plus utility and fuel costs, divided by monthly household income. For homeowners, monthly costs can include mortgage payments, property insurance, property taxes, utility and fuel costs, condo-minium fees, and mobile home fees, in addition to other costs. I analyze the association of HCIRs with two other variables: percentage of the population in urb...
Data Shop, a department of Cityscape, presents short articles or notes on the uses of data in hou... more Data Shop, a department of Cityscape, presents short articles or notes on the uses of data in housing and urban research. Through this department, PD&R introduces readers to new and overlooked data sources and to improved techniques in using well-known data. The emphasis is on sources and methods that analysts can use in their own work. Researchers often run into knotty data problems involving data interpretation or manipulation that must be solved before a project can proceed, but they seldom get to focus in detail on the solutions to such problems. If you have an idea for an applied, data-centric note of no more than 3,000 words, please send a one-paragraph abstract to
The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not represent the official pos... more The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not represent the official positions or policies of the Office of Policy Development and Research, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, or the U.S. government.Micromaps display multiple maps on the same exhibit, with different geographic units highlighted in each map. A comparative micromap is a type of micromap with a series of indexed maps designed to convey change in a statistic. Mast (2014) previously introduced Cityscape readers to comparative micromaps. A two-way comparative micromap (hereafter, referred to as a TWCM; for examples, see Carr and Pickle, 2010) conveys change in a statistic in two dimensions; one dimension is typically time.In this article, I demonstrate how to use TWCMs to visualize White-Black and temporal differences in homeownership rates in the 50 states and Washington, D.C. The homeownership rate equals owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of total occupied housing u...
Researchers have recently introduced two datasets measuring neighborhood opportunity: the Harvard... more Researchers have recently introduced two datasets measuring neighborhood opportunity: the Harvard University Opportunity Atlas data (Chetty et al., 2018b) and the Brandeis University Child Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0 data (Noelke et al., 2020). The Opportunity Atlas data measure neighborhood opportunity longitudinally on the basis of children's outcomes in adulthood for the years 1989 to 2015. The COI 2.0 data measure neighborhood opportunity contemporaneously for the years 2010 and 2015 on the basis of 29 child welfare indicators categorized into three domains: (1) education, (2) health and environment, and (3) social and economic. In this article we describe the two datasets and present a data analysis example estimating what the Part I crime distribution in Dallas would be if neighborhood opportunity distributions (based on both neighborhood opportunity data sources) in Dallas were more similar to those of Chicago. We adjust for neighborhood opportunity differences between th...
Cityscape, 2017
Note From the EditorDavid HardimanThis article by Brent D. Mast presents a highly useful snapshot... more Note From the EditorDavid HardimanThis article by Brent D. Mast presents a highly useful snapshot of project-based vouchers (PBVs), which includes information on both assisted household characteristics and the locations of PBVs. These snapshot data are also presented alongside a comparison with the larger Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) tenant-based program.Both aspects of the article-the snapshot of PBVs and the comparison-present useful information to consider; however, in this introduction I present some caveats with the comparison aspect of the information provided.Background and Legislative HistoryThe Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 19981 (QHWRA) enacted a major PBV program authority that allowed public housing agencies (PHAs) to attach a portion of their allocated vouchers to specific buildings. This authorization was part of a larger set of streamlining improvements in QHWRA that included consolidating two previously separate Section 8 programs (vouchers and certi...
Cotyscape, 2015
IntroductionThe Fair Housing Act (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968) prohibits housing d... more IntroductionThe Fair Housing Act (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968) prohibits housing discrimination based on race, color, national origin, religion, or sex.1 Amendments to the Act in 1988 further banned discrimination against families with children and people with disabilities, and they greatly increased the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) enforcement role.Local governments and states receiving Community Development Block Grants (CDBGs); HOME Investment Partnerships, or HOME; Emergency Solutions Grants, or ESGs; and Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS, or HOPWA, are obligated to affirmatively further the purposes of the Fair Housing Act, as are public housing agencies (PHAs). To help program participants meet this obligation, HUD's Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing (AFFH) initiative2 provides guidance, data, and an assessment template from which the participants will complete an assessment of fair housing (the AFH).The AF...
AbstractIn this article, I employ a Theil (1972) index to measure the spatial mismatch of beds av... more AbstractIn this article, I employ a Theil (1972) index to measure the spatial mismatch of beds available to shelter the homeless and homeless populations across Continuum of Care regions. I demonstrate a method for statistical inference using the Theil index based on asymptotic results, focusing mainly on testing for across-state differences. Estimates reveal large differences across states in the spatial mismatch between homeless resources and homeless populations. Simulations indicated that state inferences are better for states that have a relatively larger estimated spatial mismatch and relatively larger total count of beds available to shelter the homeless.(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)The purpose of this article is to demonstrate a method for measuring the spatial mismatch between homelessness and resources for the homeless. Widely used to measure economic inequality (for example, see Conceicao and Galbraith, 2000), Theil indices (Theil, 1972, 1967) have also been u...
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ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic), 2010
Although neighborhood quality is important for shaping public policy, it is also difficult to qua... more Although neighborhood quality is important for shaping public policy, it is also difficult to quantify. This study measured subjective neighborhood quality using data from two sources: (1) the 2002 American Housing Survey (AHS) and (2) the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) Customer Satisfaction Survey (CSS) of Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program (HCVP) households. Survey responses were analyzed regarding neighborhood quality, home quality, and crime perceptions. Tract-level Bayesian estimates were computed using AHS metropolitan-level data and CSS census tract data.The new Bayesian estimates have fewer outliers than the original CSS data, and the use of prior information allows for estimation for tracts with lower sample sizes than would be practical to estimate using only CSS data.I compared the CSS and Bayesian estimates with other measures of neighborhood quality, such as poverty rates, median income, and indicators for tracts receiving low-i...
Although neighborhood quality is important for shaping public policy, it is also difficult to qua... more Although neighborhood quality is important for shaping public policy, it is also difficult to quantify. This study measured subjective neighborhood quality using data from two
Data Shop, a department oj Cityscape, presents short articles or notes on the uses oj data in hou... more Data Shop, a department oj Cityscape, presents short articles or notes on the uses oj data in housing and urban research. Through this department, PD&R introduces readers to new and overlooked data sources and to improved techniques in using well-known data. The emphasis is on sources and methods that analysts can use in their own work. Researchers often run into knotty data problems involving data interpretation or manipulation that must be solved before a project can proceed, but they seldom get to focus in detail on the solutions to such problems. If you have an idea for an applied, data-centric note of no more than 3,000 words, please send a one-paragraph abstract to david.a.vandenbroucke@hud.gov for consideration.
Cityscape, 2013
The views expressed in this guest editors' introduction are those of the authors and do not r... more The views expressed in this guest editors' introduction are those of the authors and do not represent the official positions or policies of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The views and recommendations expressed in the symposium articles are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed or supported by the guest editors or HUD.IntroductionThis symposium features rigorous research that objectively examines the relationship between assisted housing populations and crime. We use this symposium to identify and acknowledge the negative findings to more precisely identify their root causes and recommend appropriate policy responses. We also highlight the many positive findings regarding the effect of housing programs on assisted populations and their connection to crime problems. We particularly focus on how housing and criminal justice agencies can work together for a more unified approach to solving the problems assisted populations and their comm...
HUD currently has no program data to compare housing quality of public housing units to that of H... more HUD currently has no program data to compare housing quality of public housing units to that of HCVP units. The American Housing Survey (AHS) are the only data available to compare subjective housing and neighborhood quality assessments in HUD’s largest rental assistance programs. Quality comparisons based on AHS data are problematic because the AHS over-represents Public Housing, and under-represents vouchers. In 2011, the Census Bureau will begin verifying whether AHS households reporting assistance actually receive HUD assistance. However they will not check programs. Furthermore, the information will not be available in the public use file. HUD administrative data, however, are and excellent source of prior information for the expected proportion of households in public housing. In this study I explore Bayesian methods for using prior information on variables such income and rents to estimate propensity scores for program participation. I then use the Bayesian propensity scores ...
In this article, I demonstrate how using linked micromaps (Carr and Pickle, 2010) can improve map... more In this article, I demonstrate how using linked micromaps (Carr and Pickle, 2010) can improve mapping of same-sex couple (SSC) household data. Micromaps display multiple maps on the same exhibit and highlight different geographic units in each map. Linked micromaps display columns of data next to micromaps.I improve on typical census data mapping (for example, Lofquist, 2011) in several ways, most importantly by providing context for interpretation.1 Typical choropleth maps provide no context to help the reader understand why, for example, Washington, D.C. (hereafter, D.C.), has such a high percentage of same-sex couples compared with the SSC percentage of the 50 states. Linked micromaps allow for state total estimates to be reported along with estimates by metropolitan status. When areas within states with the same metropolitan status are compared, D.C. is no longer such a significant outlier. I also improve on typical census mapping by presenting SSC estimates in descending order,...
Micromaps display multiple maps on the same exhibit, with different geographic units highlighted ... more Micromaps display multiple maps on the same exhibit, with different geographic units highlighted in each map. A comparative micromap (hereafter, referred to as a CM; for examples, see Carr and Pickle, 2010) is a type of micromap with a series of indexed maps designed to convey change in a statistic; the index is typically time.In this article, I demonstrate how to use CMs to visualize changing homeownership rates in the 50 states and Washington, D.C. The homeownership rate equals owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of total occupied housing units. I analyze American Community Survey homeownership data for 3 years: 2006, 2009, and 2012. My dataset consists of 153 observations, where an observation is the homeownership rate in a state in a given year (hereafter, referred to as a state-year).State homeownership rate estimates varied from 41.5 percent for Washington, D.C., in 2012 to 76.3 percent for Minnesota in 2006, with a median of 68.1 percent for Virginia in 2009 and a me...
Income redistribution from social security / by Don Fullerton and Brent Mast. p. cm. Includes bib... more Income redistribution from social security / by Don Fullerton and Brent Mast. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8447-4214-7 (pbk.: alk. paper)
Social Science Research Network, Oct 1, 2001
In this study, we use county data on private security establishments and employment for 1977-92 t... more In this study, we use county data on private security establishments and employment for 1977-92 to test two hypotheses. First, we test whether private security deters crime. Second, we test whether John Lott and David Mustard's estimates of the impact of shall-issue laws on crime are biased because of a lack of controls for private security. We find little evidence that private security reduces the crime rates for assault or larceny. Some estimates suggest murder, robbery, and/or auto theft may be deterred by private security, although these results are not robust. Of all the index crime categories, only rape is estimated to have a consistent negative relationship with private security. In addition, we find little evidence that the Lott and Mustard results are biased because of a lack of controls for the private security measures employed in this study.
Research Papers in Economics, 1997
SpAM (Spatial Analysis and Methods) presents short articles on the use of spatial sta-tistical te... more SpAM (Spatial Analysis and Methods) presents short articles on the use of spatial sta-tistical techniques for housing or urban development research. Through this department of Cityscape, the Office of Policy Development and Research introduces readers to the use of emerging spatial data analysis methods or techniques for measuring geographic relationships in research data. Researchers increasingly use these new techniques to enhance their understanding of urban patterns but often do not have access to short demonstration articles for applied guidance. If you have an idea for an article of no more than 3,000 words presenting an applied spatial data analysis method or technique, please send a one-paragraph abstract to rwilson@umbc.edu for review. In this article, I employ a Theil (1972) index to measure the spatial mismatch of beds available to shelter the homeless and homeless populations across Continuum of Care regions. I demonstrate a method for statistical inference using the The...
with different geographic units highlighted in each map. A conditioned choropleth map (CCM) is a ... more with different geographic units highlighted in each map. A conditioned choropleth map (CCM) is a type of micromap with multiple maps arranged in a panel layout conditional on one or two categorical variables, with highlighted regions shaded according to a main variable of interest. CCMs have been used in a wide variety of applications (for example, see Carr and Pickle, 2010; Carr, Wallin, and Carr, 2000; Carr, White, and MacEachren, 2005; Friendly, 2007). In this article, I demonstrate how to use CCMs to explore variation in housing cost-to-income ratios (HCIRs) in the 50 states and Washington, D.C. For renters, HCIR equals monthly rent plus utility and fuel costs, divided by monthly household income. For homeowners, monthly costs can include mortgage payments, property insurance, property taxes, utility and fuel costs, condo-minium fees, and mobile home fees, in addition to other costs. I analyze the association of HCIRs with two other variables: percentage of the population in urb...
Data Shop, a department of Cityscape, presents short articles or notes on the uses of data in hou... more Data Shop, a department of Cityscape, presents short articles or notes on the uses of data in housing and urban research. Through this department, PD&R introduces readers to new and overlooked data sources and to improved techniques in using well-known data. The emphasis is on sources and methods that analysts can use in their own work. Researchers often run into knotty data problems involving data interpretation or manipulation that must be solved before a project can proceed, but they seldom get to focus in detail on the solutions to such problems. If you have an idea for an applied, data-centric note of no more than 3,000 words, please send a one-paragraph abstract to
The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not represent the official pos... more The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not represent the official positions or policies of the Office of Policy Development and Research, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, or the U.S. government.Micromaps display multiple maps on the same exhibit, with different geographic units highlighted in each map. A comparative micromap is a type of micromap with a series of indexed maps designed to convey change in a statistic. Mast (2014) previously introduced Cityscape readers to comparative micromaps. A two-way comparative micromap (hereafter, referred to as a TWCM; for examples, see Carr and Pickle, 2010) conveys change in a statistic in two dimensions; one dimension is typically time.In this article, I demonstrate how to use TWCMs to visualize White-Black and temporal differences in homeownership rates in the 50 states and Washington, D.C. The homeownership rate equals owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of total occupied housing u...
Researchers have recently introduced two datasets measuring neighborhood opportunity: the Harvard... more Researchers have recently introduced two datasets measuring neighborhood opportunity: the Harvard University Opportunity Atlas data (Chetty et al., 2018b) and the Brandeis University Child Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0 data (Noelke et al., 2020). The Opportunity Atlas data measure neighborhood opportunity longitudinally on the basis of children's outcomes in adulthood for the years 1989 to 2015. The COI 2.0 data measure neighborhood opportunity contemporaneously for the years 2010 and 2015 on the basis of 29 child welfare indicators categorized into three domains: (1) education, (2) health and environment, and (3) social and economic. In this article we describe the two datasets and present a data analysis example estimating what the Part I crime distribution in Dallas would be if neighborhood opportunity distributions (based on both neighborhood opportunity data sources) in Dallas were more similar to those of Chicago. We adjust for neighborhood opportunity differences between th...
Cityscape, 2017
Note From the EditorDavid HardimanThis article by Brent D. Mast presents a highly useful snapshot... more Note From the EditorDavid HardimanThis article by Brent D. Mast presents a highly useful snapshot of project-based vouchers (PBVs), which includes information on both assisted household characteristics and the locations of PBVs. These snapshot data are also presented alongside a comparison with the larger Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) tenant-based program.Both aspects of the article-the snapshot of PBVs and the comparison-present useful information to consider; however, in this introduction I present some caveats with the comparison aspect of the information provided.Background and Legislative HistoryThe Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 19981 (QHWRA) enacted a major PBV program authority that allowed public housing agencies (PHAs) to attach a portion of their allocated vouchers to specific buildings. This authorization was part of a larger set of streamlining improvements in QHWRA that included consolidating two previously separate Section 8 programs (vouchers and certi...
Cotyscape, 2015
IntroductionThe Fair Housing Act (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968) prohibits housing d... more IntroductionThe Fair Housing Act (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968) prohibits housing discrimination based on race, color, national origin, religion, or sex.1 Amendments to the Act in 1988 further banned discrimination against families with children and people with disabilities, and they greatly increased the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) enforcement role.Local governments and states receiving Community Development Block Grants (CDBGs); HOME Investment Partnerships, or HOME; Emergency Solutions Grants, or ESGs; and Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS, or HOPWA, are obligated to affirmatively further the purposes of the Fair Housing Act, as are public housing agencies (PHAs). To help program participants meet this obligation, HUD's Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing (AFFH) initiative2 provides guidance, data, and an assessment template from which the participants will complete an assessment of fair housing (the AFH).The AF...
AbstractIn this article, I employ a Theil (1972) index to measure the spatial mismatch of beds av... more AbstractIn this article, I employ a Theil (1972) index to measure the spatial mismatch of beds available to shelter the homeless and homeless populations across Continuum of Care regions. I demonstrate a method for statistical inference using the Theil index based on asymptotic results, focusing mainly on testing for across-state differences. Estimates reveal large differences across states in the spatial mismatch between homeless resources and homeless populations. Simulations indicated that state inferences are better for states that have a relatively larger estimated spatial mismatch and relatively larger total count of beds available to shelter the homeless.(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)The purpose of this article is to demonstrate a method for measuring the spatial mismatch between homelessness and resources for the homeless. Widely used to measure economic inequality (for example, see Conceicao and Galbraith, 2000), Theil indices (Theil, 1972, 1967) have also been u...
ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic), 2010
Although neighborhood quality is important for shaping public policy, it is also difficult to qua... more Although neighborhood quality is important for shaping public policy, it is also difficult to quantify. This study measured subjective neighborhood quality using data from two sources: (1) the 2002 American Housing Survey (AHS) and (2) the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) Customer Satisfaction Survey (CSS) of Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program (HCVP) households. Survey responses were analyzed regarding neighborhood quality, home quality, and crime perceptions. Tract-level Bayesian estimates were computed using AHS metropolitan-level data and CSS census tract data.The new Bayesian estimates have fewer outliers than the original CSS data, and the use of prior information allows for estimation for tracts with lower sample sizes than would be practical to estimate using only CSS data.I compared the CSS and Bayesian estimates with other measures of neighborhood quality, such as poverty rates, median income, and indicators for tracts receiving low-i...
Although neighborhood quality is important for shaping public policy, it is also difficult to qua... more Although neighborhood quality is important for shaping public policy, it is also difficult to quantify. This study measured subjective neighborhood quality using data from two
Data Shop, a department oj Cityscape, presents short articles or notes on the uses oj data in hou... more Data Shop, a department oj Cityscape, presents short articles or notes on the uses oj data in housing and urban research. Through this department, PD&R introduces readers to new and overlooked data sources and to improved techniques in using well-known data. The emphasis is on sources and methods that analysts can use in their own work. Researchers often run into knotty data problems involving data interpretation or manipulation that must be solved before a project can proceed, but they seldom get to focus in detail on the solutions to such problems. If you have an idea for an applied, data-centric note of no more than 3,000 words, please send a one-paragraph abstract to david.a.vandenbroucke@hud.gov for consideration.
Cityscape, 2013
The views expressed in this guest editors' introduction are those of the authors and do not r... more The views expressed in this guest editors' introduction are those of the authors and do not represent the official positions or policies of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The views and recommendations expressed in the symposium articles are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed or supported by the guest editors or HUD.IntroductionThis symposium features rigorous research that objectively examines the relationship between assisted housing populations and crime. We use this symposium to identify and acknowledge the negative findings to more precisely identify their root causes and recommend appropriate policy responses. We also highlight the many positive findings regarding the effect of housing programs on assisted populations and their connection to crime problems. We particularly focus on how housing and criminal justice agencies can work together for a more unified approach to solving the problems assisted populations and their comm...
HUD currently has no program data to compare housing quality of public housing units to that of H... more HUD currently has no program data to compare housing quality of public housing units to that of HCVP units. The American Housing Survey (AHS) are the only data available to compare subjective housing and neighborhood quality assessments in HUD’s largest rental assistance programs. Quality comparisons based on AHS data are problematic because the AHS over-represents Public Housing, and under-represents vouchers. In 2011, the Census Bureau will begin verifying whether AHS households reporting assistance actually receive HUD assistance. However they will not check programs. Furthermore, the information will not be available in the public use file. HUD administrative data, however, are and excellent source of prior information for the expected proportion of households in public housing. In this study I explore Bayesian methods for using prior information on variables such income and rents to estimate propensity scores for program participation. I then use the Bayesian propensity scores ...
In this article, I demonstrate how using linked micromaps (Carr and Pickle, 2010) can improve map... more In this article, I demonstrate how using linked micromaps (Carr and Pickle, 2010) can improve mapping of same-sex couple (SSC) household data. Micromaps display multiple maps on the same exhibit and highlight different geographic units in each map. Linked micromaps display columns of data next to micromaps.I improve on typical census data mapping (for example, Lofquist, 2011) in several ways, most importantly by providing context for interpretation.1 Typical choropleth maps provide no context to help the reader understand why, for example, Washington, D.C. (hereafter, D.C.), has such a high percentage of same-sex couples compared with the SSC percentage of the 50 states. Linked micromaps allow for state total estimates to be reported along with estimates by metropolitan status. When areas within states with the same metropolitan status are compared, D.C. is no longer such a significant outlier. I also improve on typical census mapping by presenting SSC estimates in descending order,...
Micromaps display multiple maps on the same exhibit, with different geographic units highlighted ... more Micromaps display multiple maps on the same exhibit, with different geographic units highlighted in each map. A comparative micromap (hereafter, referred to as a CM; for examples, see Carr and Pickle, 2010) is a type of micromap with a series of indexed maps designed to convey change in a statistic; the index is typically time.In this article, I demonstrate how to use CMs to visualize changing homeownership rates in the 50 states and Washington, D.C. The homeownership rate equals owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of total occupied housing units. I analyze American Community Survey homeownership data for 3 years: 2006, 2009, and 2012. My dataset consists of 153 observations, where an observation is the homeownership rate in a state in a given year (hereafter, referred to as a state-year).State homeownership rate estimates varied from 41.5 percent for Washington, D.C., in 2012 to 76.3 percent for Minnesota in 2006, with a median of 68.1 percent for Virginia in 2009 and a me...