Brindusa Anghel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by Brindusa Anghel

International Doctorate in Economic Analysis, 2005

This paper argues that countries whose governments are highly ranked according to various indices... more This paper argues that countries whose governments are highly ranked according to various indices of the quality of institutions tend to do better in attracting foreign direct investment. In an empirical analysis of cross-section data, the paper finds that different aspects of the quality of institutions from a country (corruption, protection of property rights, policies related to opening a business and maintaining it, etc.) are almost always significant, regardless of the other control variables that are used in the least-squares and instrumental variables estimation. Thus, the ability of a country to obtain benefits from financial globalization and its vulnerability to financial crises can be significantly affected by the quality of its domestic institutions and of its macroeconomic framework. * I would like to thank Marcelo Soto for his help and suggestions in writing this paper. I am also grateful to Professor Michael Creel, Professor Carlos Velasco and Professor Bernhard Boehm, for their invaluable advice and support. Responsibilities for errors and omissions are my own.

Situacion De Las Mujeres En La Ciencia Espanola Libro Blanco 2011 Isbn 4 7010 0263 1 Pags 45 96, 2011

ESTUDIO EUROPEO DE COMPETENCIA LINGÜÍSTICA (EECL) 7 ÍNDICE PRÓLOGO 11 INVESTIGADORES 15 CAPÍTULO ... more ESTUDIO EUROPEO DE COMPETENCIA LINGÜÍSTICA (EECL) 7 ÍNDICE PRÓLOGO 11 INVESTIGADORES 15 CAPÍTULO 1 DETERMINANTES DEL RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN COMPETENCIA INGLESA EN ESPAÑA 17 Introducción. Los datos: Evidencia descriptiva. Determinantes del rendimiento en Competencia inglesa. Resumen y sugerencias de política educativa. Referencias bibliográficas. CAPÍTULO 2 LA EXPOSICIÓN Y USO AMBIENTAL DE LA LENGUA EXTRANJERA EN CONTEXTOS NO FORMALES MEJORA SU COMPRENSIÓN ORAL 35 Introducción. Marco conceptual de la hipótesis. Antecedentes. Datos básicos apuntados por el informe EECL . Acotaciones de nuestro estudio. Muestra del estudio. Variables explicativas. Variable criterio. Análisis de datos. Resultados. Conclusiones y propuestas de políticas educativas. Referencias bibliográficas. Anexo. 8 CAPÍTULO 3 ATRIBUCIÓN DE IMPORTANCIA A LAS DIMENSIONES COMPETENCIALES EN LOS EXÁMENES Y RENDIMIENTO EN INGLÉS COMO PRIMERA LENGUA EXTRANJERA EN EUROPA 59 Resumen. Abstract. Introducción. Problema de investigación. Metodología. Discusión de resultados. Conclusiones. Referencias bibliográficas. CAPÍTULO 4 DETERMINANTES DEL APRENDIZAJE DEL FRANCÉS EN ESPAÑA 79

Documentos De Trabajo, 2013

This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labou... more This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labour markets in explaining: (i) gender differences regarding choices to work in either PS or private sector, and (ii) subsequent changes in female labour market outcomes. To do so, we provide some empirical evidence about cross-country gender differences in choice of employment in the PS vs. the private sector, using the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), in the light of different theories on gender behaviour in the labour market. We also analyze the main determinants of the hourly wage gaps across these two sectors for males and females separately. Finally, we document the main stylized facts about labour market transitions by male and female workers among inactivity, unemployment, working in the PS and working in the private sector.

This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labou... more This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labour markets in explaining: (i) gender differences regarding occupational choices in either PS or private sector, and (ii) subsequent changes in female labour market outcomes. To do so, we provide some empirical evidence about cross-country gender differences in choice of employment in the PS vs. the private sector using the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), in the light of several theories about patterns of gender behaviour in the labour market. We also analyze the main determinants of the hourly wage gaps across these two sectors for males and females separately. Finally, we document the main stylized facts about gender differences in labour market transitions of workers among inactivity, unemployment, working in the PS and working in the private sector.

IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, 2015

We study the effect of standardized external tests on students' academic outcomes. We exploit the... more We study the effect of standardized external tests on students' academic outcomes. We exploit the fact that only one of the 17 Spanish regions started doing and publishing the results of standardized tests in 2005 and apply a difference-in-difference methodology using outcomes of the PISA study from 2000 to 2009. We later confirm our results using synthetic control methods. Employing data from a single country allows us to minimize biases arising from differences in legal frameworks, social or cultural environments. Our econometric analysis lends plausibility to the hypothesis that this type of test significantly improves student outcomes. A key novelty is that our exams do not have academic consequences for the students, so effects have to come directly from the impact on teachers and administrators.

Revista de Evaluación de Programas y Políticas Públicas, 2014

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

ABSTRACT This article analyses changes in the occupational employment share in Spain for the peri... more ABSTRACT This article analyses changes in the occupational employment share in Spain for the period 1997-2012 and the way particular sociodemographics adapt to those changes. There seems to be clear evidence of employment polarisation between 1997 and 2012, which accelerates over the recession. Changes in the composition of the labour supply cannot explain the increase in the share of occupations at the low end of the wage distribution. Sector reallocation might have partially contributed to explaining the polarisation process in Spain during the years of expansion (1997-2007), but it is a minor factor during the recession. The polarisation of occupations within sectors observed especially during the recession appear to be related to a decline in routine tasks. This is compensated by an increase in occupations with non-routine service contents, which are found both at the low and high end of the wage distribution. Instead, abstract content-intensive jobs do not appear to increase their share in total employment during these 15 years. The paper finds that this process has affected males more than females because of the higher concentration of the former in more routine-intensive occupations. Among males, for workers under 30 years we fi nd a decrease in the share of occupations with more routine tasks, which turns into increases in others with more abstract content and particularly with more nonroutine service content. Instead, male workers over 30 years seem to remain in declining occupations to a greater extent. Females of different ages are not affected by the above mentioned changes.

El crecimiento sin precedentes del número de inmigrante en nuestro país ha generado un fuerte int... more El crecimiento sin precedentes del número de inmigrante en nuestro país ha generado un fuerte interés tanto político como social acerca del coste-beneficio que esto supone en términos de cotizaciones a la Seguridad Social y del uso de servicios públicos en España. Este interés se ha visto acrecentado con el aumento del déficit público resultante de la crisis económica. En

This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labou... more This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labour markets in explaining: (i) gender differences regarding choices to work in either PS or private sector, and (ii) subsequent changes in female labour market outcomes. To do so, we provide some empirical evidence about cross-country gender differences in choice of employment in the PS vs. the private sector, using the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), in the light of different theories on gender behaviour in the labour market. We also analyze the main determinants of the hourly wage gaps across these two sectors for males and females separately. Finally, we document the main stylized facts about labour market transitions by male and female workers among inactivity, unemployment, working in the PS and working in the private sector.

We evaluate a program that introduced bilingual education in English and Spanish in primary educa... more We evaluate a program that introduced bilingual education in English and Spanish in primary education in some public schools of the Madrid region in 2004. Under this program students not only study English as a foreign language but also some subjects (at least Science, History and Geography) are taught in English. Spanish and Mathematics are taught only in Spanish. The first class receiving full treatment finished Primary education in June 2010 and they took the standardized test for all 6th grade students in Madrid on the skills considered 'indispensable' at that age. This test is our measure of the outcome of primary education to evaluate the program. We have to face a double self-selection problem. One is caused by schools who decide to apply for the program, and a second one caused by students when choosing school. We take several routes to control for these selection problems. The main route to control for self-selected schools is to take advantage of the test being c...

Working Papers by Brindusa Anghel

En un contexto de crisis econ�mica, el trabajo a tiempo parcial es un instrumento v�lido en los d... more En un contexto de crisis econ�mica, el trabajo a tiempo parcial es un instrumento v�lido en los debates sobre el futuro del empleo y el reparto del trabajo. Para la mayor�a de los expertos, el empleo a tiempo parcial es una forma id�nea de conectar con la actividad a personas que de otro modo tendr�an muy dif�cil su integraci�n en el mercado laboral. Los objetivos del estudio consisten en conocer la incidencia del empleo a tiempo parcial en la regi�n de Madrid, Espa�a y la Uni�n Europea al inicio de la crisis econ�mica y los rasgos espec�ficos que definen a esos trabajadores, analizar el marco regulador y establecer una serie de sugerencias que permitan reformar y extender el empleo a tiempo parcial como forma de elevar la tasa de ocupaci�n de la econom�a. La informaci�n que se maneja procede de dos fuentes estad�sticas: los microdatos de la Encuesta de Poblaci�n Activa (EPA) y la European Labour Force Survey (LFS).

International Doctorate in Economic Analysis, 2005

This paper argues that countries whose governments are highly ranked according to various indices... more This paper argues that countries whose governments are highly ranked according to various indices of the quality of institutions tend to do better in attracting foreign direct investment. In an empirical analysis of cross-section data, the paper finds that different aspects of the quality of institutions from a country (corruption, protection of property rights, policies related to opening a business and maintaining it, etc.) are almost always significant, regardless of the other control variables that are used in the least-squares and instrumental variables estimation. Thus, the ability of a country to obtain benefits from financial globalization and its vulnerability to financial crises can be significantly affected by the quality of its domestic institutions and of its macroeconomic framework. * I would like to thank Marcelo Soto for his help and suggestions in writing this paper. I am also grateful to Professor Michael Creel, Professor Carlos Velasco and Professor Bernhard Boehm, for their invaluable advice and support. Responsibilities for errors and omissions are my own.

Situacion De Las Mujeres En La Ciencia Espanola Libro Blanco 2011 Isbn 4 7010 0263 1 Pags 45 96, 2011

ESTUDIO EUROPEO DE COMPETENCIA LINGÜÍSTICA (EECL) 7 ÍNDICE PRÓLOGO 11 INVESTIGADORES 15 CAPÍTULO ... more ESTUDIO EUROPEO DE COMPETENCIA LINGÜÍSTICA (EECL) 7 ÍNDICE PRÓLOGO 11 INVESTIGADORES 15 CAPÍTULO 1 DETERMINANTES DEL RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN COMPETENCIA INGLESA EN ESPAÑA 17 Introducción. Los datos: Evidencia descriptiva. Determinantes del rendimiento en Competencia inglesa. Resumen y sugerencias de política educativa. Referencias bibliográficas. CAPÍTULO 2 LA EXPOSICIÓN Y USO AMBIENTAL DE LA LENGUA EXTRANJERA EN CONTEXTOS NO FORMALES MEJORA SU COMPRENSIÓN ORAL 35 Introducción. Marco conceptual de la hipótesis. Antecedentes. Datos básicos apuntados por el informe EECL . Acotaciones de nuestro estudio. Muestra del estudio. Variables explicativas. Variable criterio. Análisis de datos. Resultados. Conclusiones y propuestas de políticas educativas. Referencias bibliográficas. Anexo. 8 CAPÍTULO 3 ATRIBUCIÓN DE IMPORTANCIA A LAS DIMENSIONES COMPETENCIALES EN LOS EXÁMENES Y RENDIMIENTO EN INGLÉS COMO PRIMERA LENGUA EXTRANJERA EN EUROPA 59 Resumen. Abstract. Introducción. Problema de investigación. Metodología. Discusión de resultados. Conclusiones. Referencias bibliográficas. CAPÍTULO 4 DETERMINANTES DEL APRENDIZAJE DEL FRANCÉS EN ESPAÑA 79

Documentos De Trabajo, 2013

This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labou... more This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labour markets in explaining: (i) gender differences regarding choices to work in either PS or private sector, and (ii) subsequent changes in female labour market outcomes. To do so, we provide some empirical evidence about cross-country gender differences in choice of employment in the PS vs. the private sector, using the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), in the light of different theories on gender behaviour in the labour market. We also analyze the main determinants of the hourly wage gaps across these two sectors for males and females separately. Finally, we document the main stylized facts about labour market transitions by male and female workers among inactivity, unemployment, working in the PS and working in the private sector.

This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labou... more This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labour markets in explaining: (i) gender differences regarding occupational choices in either PS or private sector, and (ii) subsequent changes in female labour market outcomes. To do so, we provide some empirical evidence about cross-country gender differences in choice of employment in the PS vs. the private sector using the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), in the light of several theories about patterns of gender behaviour in the labour market. We also analyze the main determinants of the hourly wage gaps across these two sectors for males and females separately. Finally, we document the main stylized facts about gender differences in labour market transitions of workers among inactivity, unemployment, working in the PS and working in the private sector.

IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, 2015

We study the effect of standardized external tests on students' academic outcomes. We exploit the... more We study the effect of standardized external tests on students' academic outcomes. We exploit the fact that only one of the 17 Spanish regions started doing and publishing the results of standardized tests in 2005 and apply a difference-in-difference methodology using outcomes of the PISA study from 2000 to 2009. We later confirm our results using synthetic control methods. Employing data from a single country allows us to minimize biases arising from differences in legal frameworks, social or cultural environments. Our econometric analysis lends plausibility to the hypothesis that this type of test significantly improves student outcomes. A key novelty is that our exams do not have academic consequences for the students, so effects have to come directly from the impact on teachers and administrators.

Revista de Evaluación de Programas y Políticas Públicas, 2014

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

ABSTRACT This article analyses changes in the occupational employment share in Spain for the peri... more ABSTRACT This article analyses changes in the occupational employment share in Spain for the period 1997-2012 and the way particular sociodemographics adapt to those changes. There seems to be clear evidence of employment polarisation between 1997 and 2012, which accelerates over the recession. Changes in the composition of the labour supply cannot explain the increase in the share of occupations at the low end of the wage distribution. Sector reallocation might have partially contributed to explaining the polarisation process in Spain during the years of expansion (1997-2007), but it is a minor factor during the recession. The polarisation of occupations within sectors observed especially during the recession appear to be related to a decline in routine tasks. This is compensated by an increase in occupations with non-routine service contents, which are found both at the low and high end of the wage distribution. Instead, abstract content-intensive jobs do not appear to increase their share in total employment during these 15 years. The paper finds that this process has affected males more than females because of the higher concentration of the former in more routine-intensive occupations. Among males, for workers under 30 years we fi nd a decrease in the share of occupations with more routine tasks, which turns into increases in others with more abstract content and particularly with more nonroutine service content. Instead, male workers over 30 years seem to remain in declining occupations to a greater extent. Females of different ages are not affected by the above mentioned changes.

El crecimiento sin precedentes del número de inmigrante en nuestro país ha generado un fuerte int... more El crecimiento sin precedentes del número de inmigrante en nuestro país ha generado un fuerte interés tanto político como social acerca del coste-beneficio que esto supone en términos de cotizaciones a la Seguridad Social y del uso de servicios públicos en España. Este interés se ha visto acrecentado con el aumento del déficit público resultante de la crisis económica. En

This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labou... more This paper addresses the role played by Public Sector (PS) employment across different OECD labour markets in explaining: (i) gender differences regarding choices to work in either PS or private sector, and (ii) subsequent changes in female labour market outcomes. To do so, we provide some empirical evidence about cross-country gender differences in choice of employment in the PS vs. the private sector, using the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), in the light of different theories on gender behaviour in the labour market. We also analyze the main determinants of the hourly wage gaps across these two sectors for males and females separately. Finally, we document the main stylized facts about labour market transitions by male and female workers among inactivity, unemployment, working in the PS and working in the private sector.

We evaluate a program that introduced bilingual education in English and Spanish in primary educa... more We evaluate a program that introduced bilingual education in English and Spanish in primary education in some public schools of the Madrid region in 2004. Under this program students not only study English as a foreign language but also some subjects (at least Science, History and Geography) are taught in English. Spanish and Mathematics are taught only in Spanish. The first class receiving full treatment finished Primary education in June 2010 and they took the standardized test for all 6th grade students in Madrid on the skills considered 'indispensable' at that age. This test is our measure of the outcome of primary education to evaluate the program. We have to face a double self-selection problem. One is caused by schools who decide to apply for the program, and a second one caused by students when choosing school. We take several routes to control for these selection problems. The main route to control for self-selected schools is to take advantage of the test being c...

En un contexto de crisis econ�mica, el trabajo a tiempo parcial es un instrumento v�lido en los d... more En un contexto de crisis econ�mica, el trabajo a tiempo parcial es un instrumento v�lido en los debates sobre el futuro del empleo y el reparto del trabajo. Para la mayor�a de los expertos, el empleo a tiempo parcial es una forma id�nea de conectar con la actividad a personas que de otro modo tendr�an muy dif�cil su integraci�n en el mercado laboral. Los objetivos del estudio consisten en conocer la incidencia del empleo a tiempo parcial en la regi�n de Madrid, Espa�a y la Uni�n Europea al inicio de la crisis econ�mica y los rasgos espec�ficos que definen a esos trabajadores, analizar el marco regulador y establecer una serie de sugerencias que permitan reformar y extender el empleo a tiempo parcial como forma de elevar la tasa de ocupaci�n de la econom�a. La informaci�n que se maneja procede de dos fuentes estad�sticas: los microdatos de la Encuesta de Poblaci�n Activa (EPA) y la European Labour Force Survey (LFS).