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Papers by Buddhika P Siriwardena

Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen dan Bisnis, 2024

Background: The combination of traditional in-person instruction with online learning components ... more Background: The combination of traditional in-person instruction with online learning components is known as blended learning. The higher education system benefits from blended learning. Mentoring blended learning can help undergraduate students improve their entrepreneurial skills. However, research on the specific benefits of blended learning on the growth of entrepreneurship remains limited in agriculture enterprises, particularly in regions such as Sri Lanka. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to fill this research gap by investigating how undergraduate agricultural entrepreneurs use blended learning to develop their entrepreneurship.

Tropical Agricultural Research & Extension, 2024

Blended learning has become increasingly important in higher education, especially in the context... more Blended learning has become increasingly important in higher education, especially in the context of entrepreneurship education in Sri Lanka. Despite its relative novelty in the country's higher education context, this study explores into its impact on undergraduate entrepreneurs' satisfaction with blended learning at the University of Colombo Institute for Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences. This research seeks to identify the key determinants of satisfaction and improve the quality of blended learning experiences for undergraduate entrepreneurs at the institute, contributing to the ongoing advancement of entrepreneurship education in Sri Lanka. The study covers the entire population (204) of undergraduate entrepreneurs pursuing bachelor's degrees in Agro-Technology, ensuring a comprehensive perspective. To gather insights, a pre-tested questionnaire incorporating socioeconomic information along with dimensions such as the learner, instructor, course, technology, design, environmental, and opportunity were used, and respondents were instructed to select the most an appropriate answer on the Likert scale, which ranges from strongly agree to strongly disagree, to express their views. The study's results showed that in the blended learning context, dimensions such as the instructor, course, design, environmental, and opportunity were positively and significantly correlated with the satisfaction levels of undergraduate entrepreneurs. In contrast, the learner and technology dimensions did not demonstrate a significant correlation with satisfaction. Policymakers should be aware of these features and prioritise the improvement of Sri Lanka's higher education system, with a particular emphasis on entrepreneurial development.

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research, Jan 8, 2024

The pottery industry stands as a revered traditional handicraft, bearing both social and economic... more The pottery industry stands as a revered traditional handicraft, bearing both social and economic significance as a sustainable source of revenue within Sri Lanka. This study aims to unravel the elaborate factors that influence small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) within this industry. The study targeted small and medium-scale pottery producers in Udukiriwala, Hambantota District of Sri Lanka, with a sample size of 75 participants. The sampling technique employed was a simple random selection method. Data accumulation was coordinated via a precise pre-tested questionnaire, designed to encapsulate demographic particulars and inquiries connected to various constructs using a five-point Likert scale. Comprehensive statistical analysis ensued, encompassing mean calculations, standard deviations, correlation assessments, and regression analyses. Environmental factors exhibit a significant positive correlation, underlining their intense influence on the pottery industry's development. In absolute contrast, economic factors showcase a notable negative correlation. Meanwhile, sociological factors and government influence factors exhibit no statistically significant correlations with the pottery industry's evolution. The recognition of pivotal factors shaping the pottery industry sets the stage for well-informed actions, providing a solid basis for fostering its sustained expansion and advancement within the Sri Lankan context.

EDULEARN18 Proceedings, 2018

Higher Education Institutions promote to provide effective learning experiences to address the ne... more Higher Education Institutions promote to provide effective learning experiences to address the needs of the digitally-oriented generation of learners. E-Learning has emerged as a solution to address these needs and has been adopted by various institutes. The teaching and learning environment is taking up a number of innovations and some of these involve the use of technology through elearning. The introduction of e-learning initiatives is part of these innovations but its adoption, especially in the developing world faces challenges for it to be an effective innovation in teaching and learning. E-learning has quite a number of factors affecting for its effectiveness and huge number of challenges. There are lots of e-learning initiatives for different users. However, there is limited access for users such as farmers. It is a big challenge for introducing this technology for different kind of users such as farmers. Therefore, it is an important need for investigating about how farmers can successfully use the technology and ensuring their commitment given the individual learner characteristics and encounters with technology. This paper investigates the relationship between effectiveness of e-learning environment for farmers using the factors such as user characteristics, design features and learner satisfaction. It is aimed at determining the significant predictors of e-learning effectiveness taking student (farmers) characteristics and design features as independent variables and learner satisfaction as dependent variables. A survey was administered to 250 farmer students to gather data on user characteristics, design features and learning outcomes. The study applied the online survey questionnaire for collecting data. Multiple regression has used for data analysing. It has used multimedia introduction, interactive online tools and online learner support as e-learning design features. User attitudes and self-regulation are used as student characteristics. User satisfaction is used as an outcome. The results indicate that student characteristic such as attitude and design features such as multimedia introduction, interactive online tools and online learner support are significant predictors for farmers learning outcomes/satisfaction in e-learning.

EDULEARN Proceedings, 2018

In the present study we analyze the farmers' perception towards adoption of technology such as IT... more In the present study we analyze the farmers' perception towards adoption of technology such as ITC for better productivity in farming. The considered constructs are adopted from Technology adoption model (TAM). A total sample of 800 farmers from the Guntur district are collected through simple random technique and out of which survey respondents irregular responses are eliminated finally 756 samples are determined for statistical analysis. Chi-square test was performed to determine the association between perceptions and model constructs. Results are reported and discussions are made as per the results and in correlation between results and previous literature and finally, suggestions and future indication for extension of the study are proposed.

Journal of Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences , 2023

This research work aimed to assess the suitability of incorporating cassava flour as a supplement... more This research work aimed to assess the suitability of incorporating cassava flour as a supplementary ingredient alongside wheat flour for snacks. In addition, this investigation explored the advantages combining cassava and wheat flours, considered the unique flavor and mixture characteristics imparted by cassava flour. Five different treatments were tested based on the ratios of cassava to wheat flour by dry weight. The aroma, taste, appearance, color, mouthfeel, and overall acceptability of developed snacks were evaluated using sensory tests. The 50 trained panelists trained in 5-point hedonic scale of 1 (dislike very much) to 5 (like very much). The best snacks preparation composition identified by sensory tests were evaluated for its moisture, ash, color, and texture. Results revealed that the mixture containing a ratio of cassava flour to wheat flour; 25:75 was the most favorable sample across all sensory attributes. Selected best snakes contain moisture content 7.84%, total ash 3.37%. Colour values (L*, a* and b*) were 51.61, 6.80 and 28.78 respectively. Hence, it can be recommended that the snack mixture of 25% cassava flour with 75% wheat flour can be selected as the best snack mixture. The findings may lead to the development of a snack while expanding the understanding of cassava flour's versatility in food production.

EDULEARN18 Proceedings, 2018

Higher Education Institutions promote to provide effective learning experiences to address the ne... more Higher Education Institutions promote to provide effective learning experiences to address the needs of the digitally-oriented generation of learners. E-Learning has emerged as a solution to address these needs and has been adopted by various institutes. The teaching and learning environment is taking up a number of innovations and some of these involve the use of technology through elearning. The introduction of e-learning initiatives is part of these innovations but its adoption, especially in the developing world faces challenges for it to be an effective innovation in teaching and learning. E-learning has quite a number of factors affecting for its effectiveness and huge number of challenges. There are lots of e-learning initiatives for different users. However, there is limited access for users such as farmers. It is a big challenge for introducing this technology for different kind of users such as farmers. Therefore, it is an important need for investigating about how farmers can successfully use the technology and ensuring their commitment given the individual learner characteristics and encounters with technology. This paper investigates the relationship between effectiveness of e-learning environment for farmers using the factors such as user characteristics, design features and learner satisfaction. It is aimed at determining the significant predictors of e-learning effectiveness taking student (farmers) characteristics and design features as independent variables and learner satisfaction as dependent variables. A survey was administered to 250 farmer students to gather data on user characteristics, design features and learning outcomes. The study applied the online survey questionnaire for collecting data. Multiple regression has used for data analysing. It has used multimedia introduction, interactive online tools and online learner support as e-learning design features. User attitudes and self-regulation are used as student characteristics. User satisfaction is used as an outcome. The results indicate that student characteristic such as attitude and design features such as multimedia introduction, interactive online tools and online learner support are significant predictors for farmers learning outcomes/satisfaction in e-learning.

Sri Lankan Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2023

Small and medium-sized rubber cultivators play a vital role in the rubber industry of Sri Lanka. ... more Small and medium-sized rubber cultivators play a vital role in the rubber
industry of Sri Lanka. Their contribution is significant in terms of the country's overall rubber production. It is also regarded as a key export industry in Sri Lanka. The study objective is to determine the influences of rubber production by small and medium-sized rubber farmers in the Monaragala district of Sri Lanka. The study location was the Monaragala district in Sri Lanka and 110 small and medium-sized rubber producers were chosen as the sample using the simple random sampling method. A pretested questionnaire was distributed to gather primary data. To assess the associations between variables, the regression and correlation statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS (26) software programme. The majority of people who deal with this sector are between the age level 40 to 60 with experience of 11 – 15 years and they are not highly educated. All the Cronbach alpha coefficient values were in the range of acceptable levels for latent variables. Only the economic variable changed significantly (p value<0.05), but the environmental, psychological, and social variables did not alter significantly (p value>0.05) with the production variable. Understanding the sustainability effects helps improve rubber production in new areas like Monaragala and Ampara districts in Sri Lanka.

EDULEARN18 Proceedings, 2018

With the developments of information and communication technology (ICT), and the use of Internet ... more With the developments of information and communication technology (ICT), and the use of Internet as a new mode of knowledge delivery, has made innovative changes in the traditional teaching process. Use of computers, videoconferencing, audio, Internet as the mode of conducting e-learning has introduced a new learning environment and setups to potential users. This phenomenon can be applied to the users in agriculture sector too. It is argued that the outcomes accomplished from the traditional education and training programs are quite often far from ideal and therefore, institutions have to find a new way of training and learning and developing a new system to manage the flow of knowledge. It has been demonstrated that there is a need to have new ways of teaching to provide an ideal learning environment in order to respond to changing education demands for users such as farmers. This study examines factors that determine the adoption of blended learning system among farmers using data collected by questionnaire from a sample of 250 farmer students involved in Bachelor of Agro-technology Degree program in University of Colombo Institute for Agro-technology and Rural Sciences in Sri Lanka. A theoretical model is developed using previous studies based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and data analysis and model development performed using structural equation modelling techniques. Several theoretical findings of TAM are confirmed but there are new findings concerned with important indirect effects on the user adoption such as flexible access to instructional/assessment media, language capability, interactive delivery, interactions among teachers and students, job relevance and social recognition. Each of these indirect effects directly affected for easy use of the system (Perceived Ease of Use) and usefulness of the system which helps to produce an improved adoption towards the E-learning system. Based on the theoretical findings, the study suggested several actions for practical and theoretical implications for improving the learner's acceptance toward the E-learning in the special focus on student farmers. Education professionals and blended e-learning system developers can consider these factors when developing e-learning systems for the users such as farmers.

Journal of Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences, 2024

The student's likelihood of using an educational technology such as blended learning is heavily i... more The student's likelihood of using an educational technology such as blended learning is heavily influenced by their level of satisfaction with that technology. However, it is not expressed clearly in certain extents.

AGRIEAST, 2023

The University of Colombo Institute for Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences has employed Blended L... more The University of Colombo Institute for Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences has employed Blended Learning (BL) with a strong emphasis on enhanced efficiency. Analyzing students' perceptions of diverse educational methods holds paramount significance. Therefore, this research aims to comprehend the students' perspectives on the blended learning environment and their levels of satisfaction with this particular approach to learning.

BP Siriwardena, 2024

The pottery industry stands as a revered traditional handicraft, bearing both social and economic... more The pottery industry stands as a revered traditional handicraft, bearing both social and economic significance as a sustainable source of revenue within Sri Lanka. This study aims to unravel the elaborate factors that influence small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) within this industry. The study targeted small and medium-scale pottery producers in Udukiriwala, Hambantota District of Sri Lanka, with a sample size of 75 participants. The sampling technique employed was a simple random selection method. Data accumulation was coordinated via a precise pre-tested questionnaire, designed to encapsulate demographic particulars and inquiries connected to various constructs using a five-point Likert scale. Comprehensive statistical analysis ensued, encompassing mean calculations, standard deviations, correlation assessments, and regression analyses. Environmental factors exhibit a significant positive correlation, underlining their intense influence on the pottery industry's development. In absolute contrast, economic factors showcase a notable negative correlation. Meanwhile, sociological factors and government influence factors exhibit no statistically significant correlations with the pottery industry's evolution. The recognition of pivotal factors shaping the pottery industry sets the stage for well-informed actions, providing a solid basis for fostering its sustained expansion and advancement within the Sri Lankan context.

3rd International Symposium on Agriculture 2023 , 2023

A wide variety of supplementary food crops, including groundnuts, green gram, maize, black gram, ... more A wide variety of supplementary food crops, including groundnuts, green gram, maize, black gram, and kurakkan, are cultivated in Sri Lanka. Farmers in the Bibile DS division of the Monaragala districts engage in organic farming in order to produce supplementary food crops. Despite this, the local agricultural community had less interest to adopt organic farming practices. The objective of this research is to identify the factors that influence the acceptance of organic farming techniques among farmers growing supplementary food products. The sampling method used was stratified random sampling, and the number of farmers who grew supplemental food crops was equal to 80. The primary information was gathered through the use of a structured questionnaire that had been pre-tested, and it was then analyzed. Secondary data was collected from published literature to complete the study. The results of the research revealed that many farmers are male and between the 36-55 age category with an education level up to the GCE ordinary level. In accordance with the primary purpose of the research, the Perceived Ease of Use (PEU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU) factors in the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) were not found to be significant contributors to the acceptance of organic farming practices among the farmers who participated in the study. Because of our findings, policymakers should be prompted to consider the critical role that supply chain management practices, such as collaboration, play in increasing the sustainability of organic farming systems.

BP Siriwardena, 2019

Natural extracts like pyroligneous acid (wood vinegar) is evaluated for pest repellant action of ... more Natural extracts like pyroligneous acid (wood vinegar) is evaluated for pest repellant action of Abelmoschus esculentus and Solanum melongena. Wood species as Gliricidia sepium, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Acacia leucophloea, and Azadirachta indica used for preparation of pyroligneous acids from different concentrations such as 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% for the experiment. Pyroligneous acid applied as foliar spray with one week intervals when the plant is having four to five leaves per each plant. Pyroligneous acids from different wood species were not significant but Azadirachta indica wood species showed lower mean values of pest attacks as 1 st week 1.05 ± 0.11 , 2 nd week 2.05 ± 0.16 , 3 rd week 2.75 ± 0.18 and 4 th week 3.25 ± 0.17 for the Abelmoschus esculentus plant. Pyroligneous acids from different concentrations were significant except the 1 st week. Mean values for the pest attacks explain as 1 st week 0.81 ± 0.03, 2 nd week 1.50 ± 0.07, 3 rd week 2.12 ± 0.09 and 4 th week 2.31 ± 0.11 for the Abelmoschus esculentus plant. Interaction effect was not significant in all weeks. Also for the Solanum melongena, pyroligneous acids from different wood species were not significant but the pyroligneous acids from Azadirachta indica wood species were having lower mean value of pest attacks. It can described as 1 st week 0.70 ± 0.10, 2 nd week 1.50 ± 0.12, 3 rd week 2.05 ± 0.16 and 4 th week 2.40 ± 0.17. Solanum melongena plants also showed same actions for the different concentrations of pyroligneous acids were significant.

International Journal of Minor Fruits, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2020

Pyroligneous acids are natural distillations which are extracted from the slow pyrolysis techniqu... more Pyroligneous acids are natural distillations which are extracted from the slow pyrolysis technique as a by-product of charcoal production. This magical natural extract helps to replace synthetic chemicals in the form of the plant growth regulator, biocide as well as the pesticides and improves the quality and the medicinal value of fruits and vegetables. Evaluation the vegetative growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) as affected by pyroligneous acids produced from different wood species are very much important. Pyroligneous acid was prepared by using the wood species of Gliricidia sepium, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Acacia leucopholea, and Azadirachta indica. Different concentrations (0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) of the Pyroligneous acid were applied as a foliar spray (50ml/plant) with one-week intervals when the plant is having 4-5 leaves per each plant. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) used as the test plant for the experiment. A pot experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with twenty treatment combinations and four replications. Treatments were applied four times with one-week interval. Numbers of leaves, plant height, stem girth, number of branches was collected as the growth parameters. Data were collected one week after the application of each treatment. Results revealed that, application of 1% pyroligneous acid for Solanum melongena plant has significantly increased 20% of the mean number of leaves, 20% of the mean plant height, 10% of stem girth, 40% of number of branches when compared to the control (0%). Among the Pyroligneous acid prepared from different species 1% concentration of the acid prepared from Gliricidia sepium acids showed the significantly highest number of branches when compared with other treatments.

Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen dan Bisnis, 2024

Background: The combination of traditional in-person instruction with online learning components ... more Background: The combination of traditional in-person instruction with online learning components is known as blended learning. The higher education system benefits from blended learning. Mentoring blended learning can help undergraduate students improve their entrepreneurial skills. However, research on the specific benefits of blended learning on the growth of entrepreneurship remains limited in agriculture enterprises, particularly in regions such as Sri Lanka. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to fill this research gap by investigating how undergraduate agricultural entrepreneurs use blended learning to develop their entrepreneurship.

Tropical Agricultural Research & Extension, 2024

Blended learning has become increasingly important in higher education, especially in the context... more Blended learning has become increasingly important in higher education, especially in the context of entrepreneurship education in Sri Lanka. Despite its relative novelty in the country's higher education context, this study explores into its impact on undergraduate entrepreneurs' satisfaction with blended learning at the University of Colombo Institute for Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences. This research seeks to identify the key determinants of satisfaction and improve the quality of blended learning experiences for undergraduate entrepreneurs at the institute, contributing to the ongoing advancement of entrepreneurship education in Sri Lanka. The study covers the entire population (204) of undergraduate entrepreneurs pursuing bachelor's degrees in Agro-Technology, ensuring a comprehensive perspective. To gather insights, a pre-tested questionnaire incorporating socioeconomic information along with dimensions such as the learner, instructor, course, technology, design, environmental, and opportunity were used, and respondents were instructed to select the most an appropriate answer on the Likert scale, which ranges from strongly agree to strongly disagree, to express their views. The study's results showed that in the blended learning context, dimensions such as the instructor, course, design, environmental, and opportunity were positively and significantly correlated with the satisfaction levels of undergraduate entrepreneurs. In contrast, the learner and technology dimensions did not demonstrate a significant correlation with satisfaction. Policymakers should be aware of these features and prioritise the improvement of Sri Lanka's higher education system, with a particular emphasis on entrepreneurial development.

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research, Jan 8, 2024

The pottery industry stands as a revered traditional handicraft, bearing both social and economic... more The pottery industry stands as a revered traditional handicraft, bearing both social and economic significance as a sustainable source of revenue within Sri Lanka. This study aims to unravel the elaborate factors that influence small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) within this industry. The study targeted small and medium-scale pottery producers in Udukiriwala, Hambantota District of Sri Lanka, with a sample size of 75 participants. The sampling technique employed was a simple random selection method. Data accumulation was coordinated via a precise pre-tested questionnaire, designed to encapsulate demographic particulars and inquiries connected to various constructs using a five-point Likert scale. Comprehensive statistical analysis ensued, encompassing mean calculations, standard deviations, correlation assessments, and regression analyses. Environmental factors exhibit a significant positive correlation, underlining their intense influence on the pottery industry's development. In absolute contrast, economic factors showcase a notable negative correlation. Meanwhile, sociological factors and government influence factors exhibit no statistically significant correlations with the pottery industry's evolution. The recognition of pivotal factors shaping the pottery industry sets the stage for well-informed actions, providing a solid basis for fostering its sustained expansion and advancement within the Sri Lankan context.

EDULEARN18 Proceedings, 2018

Higher Education Institutions promote to provide effective learning experiences to address the ne... more Higher Education Institutions promote to provide effective learning experiences to address the needs of the digitally-oriented generation of learners. E-Learning has emerged as a solution to address these needs and has been adopted by various institutes. The teaching and learning environment is taking up a number of innovations and some of these involve the use of technology through elearning. The introduction of e-learning initiatives is part of these innovations but its adoption, especially in the developing world faces challenges for it to be an effective innovation in teaching and learning. E-learning has quite a number of factors affecting for its effectiveness and huge number of challenges. There are lots of e-learning initiatives for different users. However, there is limited access for users such as farmers. It is a big challenge for introducing this technology for different kind of users such as farmers. Therefore, it is an important need for investigating about how farmers can successfully use the technology and ensuring their commitment given the individual learner characteristics and encounters with technology. This paper investigates the relationship between effectiveness of e-learning environment for farmers using the factors such as user characteristics, design features and learner satisfaction. It is aimed at determining the significant predictors of e-learning effectiveness taking student (farmers) characteristics and design features as independent variables and learner satisfaction as dependent variables. A survey was administered to 250 farmer students to gather data on user characteristics, design features and learning outcomes. The study applied the online survey questionnaire for collecting data. Multiple regression has used for data analysing. It has used multimedia introduction, interactive online tools and online learner support as e-learning design features. User attitudes and self-regulation are used as student characteristics. User satisfaction is used as an outcome. The results indicate that student characteristic such as attitude and design features such as multimedia introduction, interactive online tools and online learner support are significant predictors for farmers learning outcomes/satisfaction in e-learning.

EDULEARN Proceedings, 2018

In the present study we analyze the farmers' perception towards adoption of technology such as IT... more In the present study we analyze the farmers' perception towards adoption of technology such as ITC for better productivity in farming. The considered constructs are adopted from Technology adoption model (TAM). A total sample of 800 farmers from the Guntur district are collected through simple random technique and out of which survey respondents irregular responses are eliminated finally 756 samples are determined for statistical analysis. Chi-square test was performed to determine the association between perceptions and model constructs. Results are reported and discussions are made as per the results and in correlation between results and previous literature and finally, suggestions and future indication for extension of the study are proposed.

Journal of Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences , 2023

This research work aimed to assess the suitability of incorporating cassava flour as a supplement... more This research work aimed to assess the suitability of incorporating cassava flour as a supplementary ingredient alongside wheat flour for snacks. In addition, this investigation explored the advantages combining cassava and wheat flours, considered the unique flavor and mixture characteristics imparted by cassava flour. Five different treatments were tested based on the ratios of cassava to wheat flour by dry weight. The aroma, taste, appearance, color, mouthfeel, and overall acceptability of developed snacks were evaluated using sensory tests. The 50 trained panelists trained in 5-point hedonic scale of 1 (dislike very much) to 5 (like very much). The best snacks preparation composition identified by sensory tests were evaluated for its moisture, ash, color, and texture. Results revealed that the mixture containing a ratio of cassava flour to wheat flour; 25:75 was the most favorable sample across all sensory attributes. Selected best snakes contain moisture content 7.84%, total ash 3.37%. Colour values (L*, a* and b*) were 51.61, 6.80 and 28.78 respectively. Hence, it can be recommended that the snack mixture of 25% cassava flour with 75% wheat flour can be selected as the best snack mixture. The findings may lead to the development of a snack while expanding the understanding of cassava flour's versatility in food production.

EDULEARN18 Proceedings, 2018

Higher Education Institutions promote to provide effective learning experiences to address the ne... more Higher Education Institutions promote to provide effective learning experiences to address the needs of the digitally-oriented generation of learners. E-Learning has emerged as a solution to address these needs and has been adopted by various institutes. The teaching and learning environment is taking up a number of innovations and some of these involve the use of technology through elearning. The introduction of e-learning initiatives is part of these innovations but its adoption, especially in the developing world faces challenges for it to be an effective innovation in teaching and learning. E-learning has quite a number of factors affecting for its effectiveness and huge number of challenges. There are lots of e-learning initiatives for different users. However, there is limited access for users such as farmers. It is a big challenge for introducing this technology for different kind of users such as farmers. Therefore, it is an important need for investigating about how farmers can successfully use the technology and ensuring their commitment given the individual learner characteristics and encounters with technology. This paper investigates the relationship between effectiveness of e-learning environment for farmers using the factors such as user characteristics, design features and learner satisfaction. It is aimed at determining the significant predictors of e-learning effectiveness taking student (farmers) characteristics and design features as independent variables and learner satisfaction as dependent variables. A survey was administered to 250 farmer students to gather data on user characteristics, design features and learning outcomes. The study applied the online survey questionnaire for collecting data. Multiple regression has used for data analysing. It has used multimedia introduction, interactive online tools and online learner support as e-learning design features. User attitudes and self-regulation are used as student characteristics. User satisfaction is used as an outcome. The results indicate that student characteristic such as attitude and design features such as multimedia introduction, interactive online tools and online learner support are significant predictors for farmers learning outcomes/satisfaction in e-learning.

Sri Lankan Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2023

Small and medium-sized rubber cultivators play a vital role in the rubber industry of Sri Lanka. ... more Small and medium-sized rubber cultivators play a vital role in the rubber
industry of Sri Lanka. Their contribution is significant in terms of the country's overall rubber production. It is also regarded as a key export industry in Sri Lanka. The study objective is to determine the influences of rubber production by small and medium-sized rubber farmers in the Monaragala district of Sri Lanka. The study location was the Monaragala district in Sri Lanka and 110 small and medium-sized rubber producers were chosen as the sample using the simple random sampling method. A pretested questionnaire was distributed to gather primary data. To assess the associations between variables, the regression and correlation statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS (26) software programme. The majority of people who deal with this sector are between the age level 40 to 60 with experience of 11 – 15 years and they are not highly educated. All the Cronbach alpha coefficient values were in the range of acceptable levels for latent variables. Only the economic variable changed significantly (p value<0.05), but the environmental, psychological, and social variables did not alter significantly (p value>0.05) with the production variable. Understanding the sustainability effects helps improve rubber production in new areas like Monaragala and Ampara districts in Sri Lanka.

EDULEARN18 Proceedings, 2018

With the developments of information and communication technology (ICT), and the use of Internet ... more With the developments of information and communication technology (ICT), and the use of Internet as a new mode of knowledge delivery, has made innovative changes in the traditional teaching process. Use of computers, videoconferencing, audio, Internet as the mode of conducting e-learning has introduced a new learning environment and setups to potential users. This phenomenon can be applied to the users in agriculture sector too. It is argued that the outcomes accomplished from the traditional education and training programs are quite often far from ideal and therefore, institutions have to find a new way of training and learning and developing a new system to manage the flow of knowledge. It has been demonstrated that there is a need to have new ways of teaching to provide an ideal learning environment in order to respond to changing education demands for users such as farmers. This study examines factors that determine the adoption of blended learning system among farmers using data collected by questionnaire from a sample of 250 farmer students involved in Bachelor of Agro-technology Degree program in University of Colombo Institute for Agro-technology and Rural Sciences in Sri Lanka. A theoretical model is developed using previous studies based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and data analysis and model development performed using structural equation modelling techniques. Several theoretical findings of TAM are confirmed but there are new findings concerned with important indirect effects on the user adoption such as flexible access to instructional/assessment media, language capability, interactive delivery, interactions among teachers and students, job relevance and social recognition. Each of these indirect effects directly affected for easy use of the system (Perceived Ease of Use) and usefulness of the system which helps to produce an improved adoption towards the E-learning system. Based on the theoretical findings, the study suggested several actions for practical and theoretical implications for improving the learner's acceptance toward the E-learning in the special focus on student farmers. Education professionals and blended e-learning system developers can consider these factors when developing e-learning systems for the users such as farmers.

Journal of Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences, 2024

The student's likelihood of using an educational technology such as blended learning is heavily i... more The student's likelihood of using an educational technology such as blended learning is heavily influenced by their level of satisfaction with that technology. However, it is not expressed clearly in certain extents.

AGRIEAST, 2023

The University of Colombo Institute for Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences has employed Blended L... more The University of Colombo Institute for Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences has employed Blended Learning (BL) with a strong emphasis on enhanced efficiency. Analyzing students' perceptions of diverse educational methods holds paramount significance. Therefore, this research aims to comprehend the students' perspectives on the blended learning environment and their levels of satisfaction with this particular approach to learning.

BP Siriwardena, 2024

The pottery industry stands as a revered traditional handicraft, bearing both social and economic... more The pottery industry stands as a revered traditional handicraft, bearing both social and economic significance as a sustainable source of revenue within Sri Lanka. This study aims to unravel the elaborate factors that influence small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) within this industry. The study targeted small and medium-scale pottery producers in Udukiriwala, Hambantota District of Sri Lanka, with a sample size of 75 participants. The sampling technique employed was a simple random selection method. Data accumulation was coordinated via a precise pre-tested questionnaire, designed to encapsulate demographic particulars and inquiries connected to various constructs using a five-point Likert scale. Comprehensive statistical analysis ensued, encompassing mean calculations, standard deviations, correlation assessments, and regression analyses. Environmental factors exhibit a significant positive correlation, underlining their intense influence on the pottery industry's development. In absolute contrast, economic factors showcase a notable negative correlation. Meanwhile, sociological factors and government influence factors exhibit no statistically significant correlations with the pottery industry's evolution. The recognition of pivotal factors shaping the pottery industry sets the stage for well-informed actions, providing a solid basis for fostering its sustained expansion and advancement within the Sri Lankan context.

3rd International Symposium on Agriculture 2023 , 2023

A wide variety of supplementary food crops, including groundnuts, green gram, maize, black gram, ... more A wide variety of supplementary food crops, including groundnuts, green gram, maize, black gram, and kurakkan, are cultivated in Sri Lanka. Farmers in the Bibile DS division of the Monaragala districts engage in organic farming in order to produce supplementary food crops. Despite this, the local agricultural community had less interest to adopt organic farming practices. The objective of this research is to identify the factors that influence the acceptance of organic farming techniques among farmers growing supplementary food products. The sampling method used was stratified random sampling, and the number of farmers who grew supplemental food crops was equal to 80. The primary information was gathered through the use of a structured questionnaire that had been pre-tested, and it was then analyzed. Secondary data was collected from published literature to complete the study. The results of the research revealed that many farmers are male and between the 36-55 age category with an education level up to the GCE ordinary level. In accordance with the primary purpose of the research, the Perceived Ease of Use (PEU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU) factors in the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) were not found to be significant contributors to the acceptance of organic farming practices among the farmers who participated in the study. Because of our findings, policymakers should be prompted to consider the critical role that supply chain management practices, such as collaboration, play in increasing the sustainability of organic farming systems.

BP Siriwardena, 2019

Natural extracts like pyroligneous acid (wood vinegar) is evaluated for pest repellant action of ... more Natural extracts like pyroligneous acid (wood vinegar) is evaluated for pest repellant action of Abelmoschus esculentus and Solanum melongena. Wood species as Gliricidia sepium, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Acacia leucophloea, and Azadirachta indica used for preparation of pyroligneous acids from different concentrations such as 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% for the experiment. Pyroligneous acid applied as foliar spray with one week intervals when the plant is having four to five leaves per each plant. Pyroligneous acids from different wood species were not significant but Azadirachta indica wood species showed lower mean values of pest attacks as 1 st week 1.05 ± 0.11 , 2 nd week 2.05 ± 0.16 , 3 rd week 2.75 ± 0.18 and 4 th week 3.25 ± 0.17 for the Abelmoschus esculentus plant. Pyroligneous acids from different concentrations were significant except the 1 st week. Mean values for the pest attacks explain as 1 st week 0.81 ± 0.03, 2 nd week 1.50 ± 0.07, 3 rd week 2.12 ± 0.09 and 4 th week 2.31 ± 0.11 for the Abelmoschus esculentus plant. Interaction effect was not significant in all weeks. Also for the Solanum melongena, pyroligneous acids from different wood species were not significant but the pyroligneous acids from Azadirachta indica wood species were having lower mean value of pest attacks. It can described as 1 st week 0.70 ± 0.10, 2 nd week 1.50 ± 0.12, 3 rd week 2.05 ± 0.16 and 4 th week 2.40 ± 0.17. Solanum melongena plants also showed same actions for the different concentrations of pyroligneous acids were significant.

International Journal of Minor Fruits, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2020

Pyroligneous acids are natural distillations which are extracted from the slow pyrolysis techniqu... more Pyroligneous acids are natural distillations which are extracted from the slow pyrolysis technique as a by-product of charcoal production. This magical natural extract helps to replace synthetic chemicals in the form of the plant growth regulator, biocide as well as the pesticides and improves the quality and the medicinal value of fruits and vegetables. Evaluation the vegetative growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) as affected by pyroligneous acids produced from different wood species are very much important. Pyroligneous acid was prepared by using the wood species of Gliricidia sepium, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Acacia leucopholea, and Azadirachta indica. Different concentrations (0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) of the Pyroligneous acid were applied as a foliar spray (50ml/plant) with one-week intervals when the plant is having 4-5 leaves per each plant. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) used as the test plant for the experiment. A pot experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with twenty treatment combinations and four replications. Treatments were applied four times with one-week interval. Numbers of leaves, plant height, stem girth, number of branches was collected as the growth parameters. Data were collected one week after the application of each treatment. Results revealed that, application of 1% pyroligneous acid for Solanum melongena plant has significantly increased 20% of the mean number of leaves, 20% of the mean plant height, 10% of stem girth, 40% of number of branches when compared to the control (0%). Among the Pyroligneous acid prepared from different species 1% concentration of the acid prepared from Gliricidia sepium acids showed the significantly highest number of branches when compared with other treatments.