Burke Dial - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Burke Dial
Because of my earlier affiliation with USC, that service has borne the brunt of my requests. They... more Because of my earlier affiliation with USC, that service has borne the brunt of my requests. They have been unfailingly helpful and always successful, even to the point of obtaining deteriorating copies of books from the United Kingdom. Frankly, I was frequently worried, fortunately in vain, that someone would tell me 'no more'-that I had already used up more than my quota of requests; thankfully that never happened. Ms. Lorna Cahill of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons in London arranged for me to visit her archive. Fortuitously, she was in the process of collating and preparing letters and notes that were useful to my research. She was indefatigable and continually surprised me with new finds during my visit. Likewise, the staff members of the library service at the Royal Society of Medicine and those of the Wellcome Library also provided materials and advice during my visit to London. Thanks also go to the librarians and staff of the Bodleian Library and the Radcliffe Science Library of Oxford University for their efforts on my behalf. It goes without saying, of course, that I could not have even begun, let alone actually carried out, the research and writing without the expert instruction and guidance of Professors Joseph November, Allison Marsh, Ann Johnson, and Colin Wilder at the University of South Carolina. They mentored me through every step, guiding my thinking iv and writing and always keeping me focused on the task at hand when my reading and writing began to wander, which was all too frequent. My understanding of the philosophical issues involved in studying the historical development of scientific knowledge has also benefited immensely from the coursework and informal discussions of philosophers, Heike Sefrin-Weis, Tarja Knuuttila, and George Khushf, also at the University of South Carolina. Further afield, Jeremy Greene of the Johns Hopkins Institute for the History of Medicine also provided advice and encouragement. Even so, I suspect they all believe, though too polite to admit it, that my education was, and likely remains, severely compromised by having practiced medicine far too long and having become far too scientifically biased for even their valiant efforts to overcome. Finally I am, as always, indebted and grateful to my long-suffering wife, Mary T, who never failed to provide needed prodding, praise, and persuasion as well as expert proofreading and editing skills throughout the process.
SUMMARY Brain hemorrhage from an intracranial tumor was encountered in 7 males and 6 females dur-... more SUMMARY Brain hemorrhage from an intracranial tumor was encountered in 7 males and 6 females dur-ing a 4-year period. In 5 patients, hemorrhage was responsible for the first signs of a previously unsuspected neoplasm. The intracranial lesion was demonstrated by computed tomography (CT scanning) in each patient. Characteristic CT scan findings included: a neoplastic core (high or low density); small, multifocal clots usually at the margin of the tumor; and, surrounding, often extensive, edema. Enhancement of the tumor tissue with intravenous injection of 60 % Hypaque was observed in the 8 patients so studied. The regions which were enhanced had a peripheral distribution corresponding to the site of hemorrhage. Microscopic examination demonstrated 7 glioblastoma multiforme, 1 oligodendroglioma, 4 metastatic carcinomas (including 1 each of bronchogenic carcinoma, melanoma, hypernephroma, and adrenal carcinoma), and 1 hemangiopericytoma. High-grade malignancy and extensive, abnormal vas...
Abstract: This essay examines the changing conceptualization of intracranial pressure (ICP) and i... more Abstract: This essay examines the changing conceptualization of intracranial pressure (ICP) and its relation to traumatic brain injury (TBI) from the late 19th century into the early 21st century. TBI was gradually understood to cause edema, brain swelling and increased ICP. Intracranial hypertension was initially understood qualitatively and experimentally and assumed increasing importance over the course of the century. The centrality of increased ICP to the pathophysiology of brain injury was elaborated during the first decades of the 20th century, and various treatments were developed to control it. In the middle of the century, technology was developed to continuously monitor ICP, changing the conception of ICP. Instead of a qualitative evaluation of the patient’s clinical course, it became a numerical quantity determined by a new and invasive technology. The rapid adoption of another surveillance technology, despite a lack of rigorous evidence of efficacy, will be examined and...
Because of my earlier affiliation with USC, that service has borne the brunt of my requests. They... more Because of my earlier affiliation with USC, that service has borne the brunt of my requests. They have been unfailingly helpful and always successful, even to the point of obtaining deteriorating copies of books from the United Kingdom. Frankly, I was frequently worried, fortunately in vain, that someone would tell me 'no more'-that I had already used up more than my quota of requests; thankfully that never happened. Ms. Lorna Cahill of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons in London arranged for me to visit her archive. Fortuitously, she was in the process of collating and preparing letters and notes that were useful to my research. She was indefatigable and continually surprised me with new finds during my visit. Likewise, the staff members of the library service at the Royal Society of Medicine and those of the Wellcome Library also provided materials and advice during my visit to London. Thanks also go to the librarians and staff of the Bodleian Library and the Radcliffe Science Library of Oxford University for their efforts on my behalf. It goes without saying, of course, that I could not have even begun, let alone actually carried out, the research and writing without the expert instruction and guidance of Professors Joseph November, Allison Marsh, Ann Johnson, and Colin Wilder at the University of South Carolina. They mentored me through every step, guiding my thinking iv and writing and always keeping me focused on the task at hand when my reading and writing began to wander, which was all too frequent. My understanding of the philosophical issues involved in studying the historical development of scientific knowledge has also benefited immensely from the coursework and informal discussions of philosophers, Heike Sefrin-Weis, Tarja Knuuttila, and George Khushf, also at the University of South Carolina. Further afield, Jeremy Greene of the Johns Hopkins Institute for the History of Medicine also provided advice and encouragement. Even so, I suspect they all believe, though too polite to admit it, that my education was, and likely remains, severely compromised by having practiced medicine far too long and having become far too scientifically biased for even their valiant efforts to overcome. Finally I am, as always, indebted and grateful to my long-suffering wife, Mary T, who never failed to provide needed prodding, praise, and persuasion as well as expert proofreading and editing skills throughout the process.
Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics
We present results of investigations of the clinical significance of variations in the value of t... more We present results of investigations of the clinical significance of variations in the value of the 4-mm-collimator output factor, OF 4/18. Changes in treatment volume, dose-volume histograms ͑DVHs͒, and isodose distributions were studied, by varying OF 4/18 up to 20%. The variations were performed on a sample of clinical patient treatment plans for which the 4 mm collimator was used. Although smaller effects are noted for the prescription isodose line, greater dosimetric changes occur for higher dose regions within the target.
Because of my earlier affiliation with USC, that service has borne the brunt of my requests. They... more Because of my earlier affiliation with USC, that service has borne the brunt of my requests. They have been unfailingly helpful and always successful, even to the point of obtaining deteriorating copies of books from the United Kingdom. Frankly, I was frequently worried, fortunately in vain, that someone would tell me 'no more'-that I had already used up more than my quota of requests; thankfully that never happened. Ms. Lorna Cahill of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons in London arranged for me to visit her archive. Fortuitously, she was in the process of collating and preparing letters and notes that were useful to my research. She was indefatigable and continually surprised me with new finds during my visit. Likewise, the staff members of the library service at the Royal Society of Medicine and those of the Wellcome Library also provided materials and advice during my visit to London. Thanks also go to the librarians and staff of the Bodleian Library and the Radcliffe Science Library of Oxford University for their efforts on my behalf. It goes without saying, of course, that I could not have even begun, let alone actually carried out, the research and writing without the expert instruction and guidance of Professors Joseph November, Allison Marsh, Ann Johnson, and Colin Wilder at the University of South Carolina. They mentored me through every step, guiding my thinking iv and writing and always keeping me focused on the task at hand when my reading and writing began to wander, which was all too frequent. My understanding of the philosophical issues involved in studying the historical development of scientific knowledge has also benefited immensely from the coursework and informal discussions of philosophers, Heike Sefrin-Weis, Tarja Knuuttila, and George Khushf, also at the University of South Carolina. Further afield, Jeremy Greene of the Johns Hopkins Institute for the History of Medicine also provided advice and encouragement. Even so, I suspect they all believe, though too polite to admit it, that my education was, and likely remains, severely compromised by having practiced medicine far too long and having become far too scientifically biased for even their valiant efforts to overcome. Finally I am, as always, indebted and grateful to my long-suffering wife, Mary T, who never failed to provide needed prodding, praise, and persuasion as well as expert proofreading and editing skills throughout the process.
SUMMARY Brain hemorrhage from an intracranial tumor was encountered in 7 males and 6 females dur-... more SUMMARY Brain hemorrhage from an intracranial tumor was encountered in 7 males and 6 females dur-ing a 4-year period. In 5 patients, hemorrhage was responsible for the first signs of a previously unsuspected neoplasm. The intracranial lesion was demonstrated by computed tomography (CT scanning) in each patient. Characteristic CT scan findings included: a neoplastic core (high or low density); small, multifocal clots usually at the margin of the tumor; and, surrounding, often extensive, edema. Enhancement of the tumor tissue with intravenous injection of 60 % Hypaque was observed in the 8 patients so studied. The regions which were enhanced had a peripheral distribution corresponding to the site of hemorrhage. Microscopic examination demonstrated 7 glioblastoma multiforme, 1 oligodendroglioma, 4 metastatic carcinomas (including 1 each of bronchogenic carcinoma, melanoma, hypernephroma, and adrenal carcinoma), and 1 hemangiopericytoma. High-grade malignancy and extensive, abnormal vas...
Abstract: This essay examines the changing conceptualization of intracranial pressure (ICP) and i... more Abstract: This essay examines the changing conceptualization of intracranial pressure (ICP) and its relation to traumatic brain injury (TBI) from the late 19th century into the early 21st century. TBI was gradually understood to cause edema, brain swelling and increased ICP. Intracranial hypertension was initially understood qualitatively and experimentally and assumed increasing importance over the course of the century. The centrality of increased ICP to the pathophysiology of brain injury was elaborated during the first decades of the 20th century, and various treatments were developed to control it. In the middle of the century, technology was developed to continuously monitor ICP, changing the conception of ICP. Instead of a qualitative evaluation of the patient’s clinical course, it became a numerical quantity determined by a new and invasive technology. The rapid adoption of another surveillance technology, despite a lack of rigorous evidence of efficacy, will be examined and...
Because of my earlier affiliation with USC, that service has borne the brunt of my requests. They... more Because of my earlier affiliation with USC, that service has borne the brunt of my requests. They have been unfailingly helpful and always successful, even to the point of obtaining deteriorating copies of books from the United Kingdom. Frankly, I was frequently worried, fortunately in vain, that someone would tell me 'no more'-that I had already used up more than my quota of requests; thankfully that never happened. Ms. Lorna Cahill of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons in London arranged for me to visit her archive. Fortuitously, she was in the process of collating and preparing letters and notes that were useful to my research. She was indefatigable and continually surprised me with new finds during my visit. Likewise, the staff members of the library service at the Royal Society of Medicine and those of the Wellcome Library also provided materials and advice during my visit to London. Thanks also go to the librarians and staff of the Bodleian Library and the Radcliffe Science Library of Oxford University for their efforts on my behalf. It goes without saying, of course, that I could not have even begun, let alone actually carried out, the research and writing without the expert instruction and guidance of Professors Joseph November, Allison Marsh, Ann Johnson, and Colin Wilder at the University of South Carolina. They mentored me through every step, guiding my thinking iv and writing and always keeping me focused on the task at hand when my reading and writing began to wander, which was all too frequent. My understanding of the philosophical issues involved in studying the historical development of scientific knowledge has also benefited immensely from the coursework and informal discussions of philosophers, Heike Sefrin-Weis, Tarja Knuuttila, and George Khushf, also at the University of South Carolina. Further afield, Jeremy Greene of the Johns Hopkins Institute for the History of Medicine also provided advice and encouragement. Even so, I suspect they all believe, though too polite to admit it, that my education was, and likely remains, severely compromised by having practiced medicine far too long and having become far too scientifically biased for even their valiant efforts to overcome. Finally I am, as always, indebted and grateful to my long-suffering wife, Mary T, who never failed to provide needed prodding, praise, and persuasion as well as expert proofreading and editing skills throughout the process.
Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics
We present results of investigations of the clinical significance of variations in the value of t... more We present results of investigations of the clinical significance of variations in the value of the 4-mm-collimator output factor, OF 4/18. Changes in treatment volume, dose-volume histograms ͑DVHs͒, and isodose distributions were studied, by varying OF 4/18 up to 20%. The variations were performed on a sample of clinical patient treatment plans for which the 4 mm collimator was used. Although smaller effects are noted for the prescription isodose line, greater dosimetric changes occur for higher dose regions within the target.