MARY CAROLINE CASTANO - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by MARY CAROLINE CASTANO
Journal of business and management studies, Mar 28, 2022
This literature review strives to assess the higher educational institutions’ leaders and their p... more This literature review strives to assess the higher educational institutions’ leaders and their positive core self-evaluations [CSEs] adherence to and personification of transformational leadership [TFL] and ethical leadership [EL] behaviors that transcend self-interest that may in turn be emulated and reciprocated by their followers. By doing so, the latter accomplishes their duties and responsibilities beyond the minimum level of expectations set to them through organizational commitment. To understand the leader’s CSEs as a possible antecedent of specified outcome variable of the followers’ OC with the mediating roles of TFL and EL, it is necessary to examine previous relevant studies. Thus, this literature review evaluates the theories of leadership constructs in the framework of the leader’s CSEs, TFL, EL, and the followers’ OC.
11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2020
Ethical standards/issues are sensitive matters which could mean either a life or death situation.... more Ethical standards/issues are sensitive matters which could mean either a life or death situation. This study involves issues like abortion, contraception, euthanasia and sanctity (holiness) of family life. It aims to determine if ethical standards/issues are relevant to quality patient care. Ethical issues can be divisive but a healthcare professional or worker does not have to be a Catholic or Christian in order to understand that one has to be always in favor of life, of human life. Any person for that matter has the natural moral law or the law imprinted in the heart and mind which enables one to do good and avoid evil, to choose what is morally right against what is morally wrong. For what is really important? To save one's life but lose it in the end or to lose one's life but save it in the end. Keywords: Ethical issues, quality patient care
Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Review Vol.4 (3) July-September. 2019, 2019
Objective – The study aims to formulate a policy direction (through a model) among Philippine lev... more Objective – The study aims to formulate a policy direction (through a model) among Philippine level 3 local government hospitals based on the predictors of Quality Patient Care (QPC). The predictors are cost-effectiveness, utilization of materials, services by human resources, accessibility, leadership and management and ethical standards as independent variables in relation to the dependent variable which is QPC. Methodology/Technique – Survey questionnaires and interviews were conducted to patients, hospital directors, doctors, nurses, administrative and ancillary officers. The study used descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (ordinary least squares and multiple regression analysis) statistics. Findings – The study revealed that the utilization of materials has the most influence/effect on QPC wherein an increase in 1% of materials brought about an increase of 0.55 % in QPC. Likewise, accessibility brought about an increase in QPC by 0.42 %; and services render...
Voice of Intellectual Man- An International Journal, 2018
Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2022
Influencer Marketing has become a trend recently. Influencers have loyal fan bases who trust thei... more Influencer Marketing has become a trend recently. Influencers have loyal fan bases who trust their taste in products and support them through their endorsements. With the rising number of start-up businesses in the country, this study was conducted to discover whether or not Influencer Marketing affects the brand awareness and reputation of start-up businesses and the consumer's purchasing behavior. The study focused on five Influencer Marketing factors: influencer's online presence, influencer's expertise, content attractiveness, consumer's desire to mimic, and consumer's preferred platform. Using a quantitative research method, the study revealed that all five factors are essential to consumers and have a low to moderate positive relationship with one another. However, only three have a significant impact on increasing the brand awareness and reputation of start-up businesses: Influencer's Online Presence, Consumer's Desire to mimic, and Consumer's ...
Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2022
There are human activities that cause problems and affect other living beings negatively. One of ... more There are human activities that cause problems and affect other living beings negatively. One of these problems is environmental issues like depletion of resources, challenges with electricity, usage of toxic agents, pollution, and waste because of consumption. These aforementioned environmental problems have started to come to society’s concern with the natural environment; businesses have begun to modify their ways in an attempt to address these. A few developments have been integrated to address such issues. That's why green marketing and concepts emerged. Some businesses have been quick to accept concepts and have integrated concerns into all organizational activities. The changes awaken the business world and consumers regarding the responsibilities towards the environment. Consumers are now sensible to these and result preferably environment-friendly products or services. By this, it indicates that consumers are increasingly concerned and are changing their behavior. That ...
Journal of business and management studies, May 6, 2022
11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2020
Globalization had brought significant changes to the ways; students perceived higher education. W... more Globalization had brought significant changes to the ways; students perceived higher education. With the rise of globalization, institutions of higher education need to become more international in order to operate effectively in the global market. Influenced by the importance of higher levels of education, students are now keen on finding education that would best serve their purposes or intentions. Keywords: best practices, Asian universities, mobility
Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Review Vol.4 (3) July-September. 2019, 2019
The entry of smartphones into our lives is due to two primary reasons – the rapid advancement in ... more The entry of smartphones into our lives is due to two primary reasons – the rapid advancement in technology and R & D, making present technology redundant within weeks and the drastic drop in prices of smartphones which occur weekly or monthly. The objectives of this paper are: (1) To provide a more holistic view of smartphone users' preference (2) To have depth analysis on how consumers put a premium on various smartphone features application and tools (3) To understand how prospective customers appreciate the good features of the product. Three statistical tools were used: Frequency Distribution to get the profile of the respondent's actual usage of smartphones and attitudes of consumers, Pearson Correlation, and Conjoint analysis, which was used to analyze the preference of the respondents on smartphone attributes. This study showed a moderately fit conjoint model, Pearson R =.742, p
Objective-Less than 1% of the population in the Philippines has invested in the stock market (PSE... more Objective-Less than 1% of the population in the Philippines has invested in the stock market (PSE, 2016). The Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) has been in operation since 1927 and is one of the oldest in the Asia Pacific. The primary objective of this research is to examine the investing techniques of online users using technical and fundamental analysis. Methodology/Technique-A chi-square test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more categories. The research probes the relationship of the demographic profiles of respondents and their investment behavior using the Friedman's test. Findings-The descriptive statistics show the frequency counts of 418 observations and the corresponding chi-square test for the distribution-free data. The analysis of variance by ranks was used to reflect the Friedman test for the hierarchy of perception of the respondents per given variable. The chi-square test (χ2 (df = 4, ρ = 0.001) = 53.603) shows that actual observations on the relative valuation (86, 48, 130, 99, and 55) is significantly different from a uniform fit of 84 observations at 4 degrees of freedom and 5% level of significance. Novelty-Hence, the study concluded that investors prefer a relative valuation equity selection strategy using fundamental analysis. Furthermore, the study concludes that the moving average (36, 11, 80, 95 and 196) is preferred by investors using technical analysis.
Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2022
In recent years, Filipino consumers are becoming more socially aware of the usage of products tha... more In recent years, Filipino consumers are becoming more socially aware of the usage of products that can be harmful to the environment. Purchasing eco-friendly products is a big step towards sustainable development in the Philippines. The objectives of this study are to identify what are the socially-oriented behavior that influences Filipino consumers to purchase eco-friendly apparel products, if emotions play a role in the purchasing behavior regarding eco-friendly apparel products, and to identify the key determinants that are behind the reason for the intention-behavior gap and purchasing behavior of Filipino consumers regarding eco-friendly apparel products. Filipino consumers from age 18 and above and those residing in Metro Manila are the respondents, while the use of descriptive survey methods was utilized in data collection. The results revealed that the three variables, which are Socially Oriented Behavior, Emotions, and Key Determinants, all passed the PLS-SEM and have disc...
Journal of Finance and Banking Review Vol. 3 (4) Oct-Dec 2018, 2018
Objective - Less than 1% of the population in the Philippines has invested in the stock market (P... more Objective - Less than 1% of the population in the Philippines has invested in the stock market (PSE, 2016). The Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) has been in operation since 1927 and is one of the oldest in the Asia Pacific. The primary objective of this research is to examine the investing techniques of online users using technical and fundamental analysis. Methodology/Technique - A chi-square test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more categories. The research probes the relationship of the demographic profiles of respondents and their investment behavior using the Friedman's test. Findings - The descriptive statistics show the frequency counts of 418 observations and the corresponding chi-square test for the distribution-free data. The analysis of variance by ranks was used to reflect the Friedman test for the hierarchy of perception of the respondents per given variable. The chi-squ...
International Journal of Trade and Global Markets, 2021
Journal of Economic Structures, 2018
Background Trade policy is a vital tool in structuring the rules of the international trade and i... more Background Trade policy is a vital tool in structuring the rules of the international trade and important to nation's trade performance and at the same time serves as a crucial instrument in securing regional growth. To exemplify this key function in the international trade system, trade policy utilizes two critical policy measures: transparency practices and free trade agreement (FTA) (Collins-Williams and Wolfe 2010; Badinger 2008). Transparency refers the "degree to which trade policies and practices, and the process by which they are established, are open and predictable" (Collins-Williams and Wolfe 2010, p. 552). Consistently, FTA is a policy measure that diminishes trade barriers among trading partners and facilitates easier flow of trade and investment in each set of conditions agreed by the parties (Fukunaga 2015). While extant literature portrays transparency and FTAs Abstract Generally, trade policies exclude provision for predictability and accountability as transparency measures and facilitates trade consensus that enhance market access, reduce trading costs, and promote cooperation. In analyzing the trajectories on transparency, free trade agreement (FTA), and trade growth, many scholars investigate international trade norms on how countries play a proactive role to increase competition and improve transparency but limited in scope on the inter-linkages between these three variables that contribute to trade and economic growth. This paper intends to address this missing link by examining the causal relationships between the two transparency measures, FTA, and trade growth from a sample of 15 countries in the Asia-Pacific region using panel regression analysis. Results show a significant impact in trade growth affected by a percent changed in predictability and FTA measures. While increase in trade disputes, i.e., less accountability transparency measure tends to decrease trade growth. By determining the effects of transparency practices and FTAs in the international trade arena, the study concludes that these trade policy tools are important parameters to boost trade growth.
International Transactions in Operational Research, 2007
This paper evaluates the efficiency performance of Philippine Private Higher Educational Institut... more This paper evaluates the efficiency performance of Philippine Private Higher Educational Institutions (PHEIs), using frontier approaches known as data envelopment analysis-Malmquist indices and stochastic frontier analysis. The sample consists of 30 private educational institutions, which were granted autonomy over the time period 1999-2003, with a total of 150 observations. The paper also analyzes whether technical inefficiency is systematically related to age, ownership (private sectarian versus private non-sectarian), and autonomy status. Significant new findings show that higher technological progress boosted the higher productivity growth of the majority of PHEIs (about 66.67%). We also found that age and ownership have positive and statistically significant effects on its technical inefficiency. PHEIs obtained a technical efficiency of 71.2%, and therefore need to increase their output revenues by 28.8% to be efficient. These new findings contribute significantly to educational performance.
African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2019
This paper recognizes tourism's potential in balancing economic development of communities in... more This paper recognizes tourism's potential in balancing economic development of communities in the peripheries of watersheds with nature conservation. It was conducted in Ipo watershed which has 6,600 hectares of forest and provides fresh water to more than 13 million people in Metro Manila, Philippines. The objectives of the study are to determine the community's perception of tourism and identify factors affecting their support for tourism development and environment conservation. Survey questionnaires and face to face interviews were conducted to 102 respondents. To determine the relationship of different variables, Structural Equation Modelling was used. The study revealed that the communities have positive perception on tourism and in using the Motivation, Opportunity Ability model the study revealed that motivation and ability had significant effect with support for tourism development and environment conservation. The study contributes to the literature on tourism in p...
International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 2011
This paper evaluates the efficiency and productivity growth of State Universities and Colleges (S... more This paper evaluates the efficiency and productivity growth of State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in the Philippines. The SUCs performance is determined on the changes in total factor productivity (TFP), technological, and technical efficiency. We use two Data envelopment analysis (DEA) models for the first time in estimating the relative performance of SUCs. Firstly, the output-orientated DEA-Malmquist index is calculated from panel data of 59 SUCS over the period 1999-2003 or a total of 295 observations, and secondly, the DEA multi-stage model (input reduction) is estimated. The two DEA models are calculated using three educational outputs and three inputs. Using Malmquist Index model, findings reveal that 49 SUCs or 83 percent are efficient. The technological index shows that six (6) SUCs or 10.16 percent only shows a technological progress. In terms of total factor productivity, SUCs obtained an index score of 1.002, which implies a productivity growth. This means that 27 SU...
This theoretical paper contends the tenet that countries and their respective higher educational ... more This theoretical paper contends the tenet that countries and their respective higher educational institutions should continue viewing international education as a traditional public good. Instead, they must acknowledge intense competition and consider it as a product based on market perspective. The new competitive education landscape compels them to adopt and apply marketing concepts in their operations in order to influence international students in their choice of country destination, university, and study program. Based on the business model concept, this paper highlights the need, develop, and describe a new framework for ‘students-as-consumers’ concept by reviewing the existing literature on students’ choice. The paper shows how students as consumers can be attracted or recruited; and, how host countries and their respective higher education institutions can optimize their resources by presenting the newly developed framework as a new business model. The study offers some mana...
Core self-evaluations, effective leadership styles and employee job satisfaction are essential fa... more Core self-evaluations, effective leadership styles and employee job satisfaction are essential factors for organizational success. This paper aims to determine the relationship of the leader’s core self-evaluations, transformational leadership and servant leadership styles to their follower’s job satisfaction in selected Parochial Schools in Manila, Philippines under the Roman Catholic Education System. The respondents were selected according to certain criteria. Descriptive correlational design was used. In total, 308 individuals from the teaching and non-teaching personnel participated. The data were collected using survey questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Research findings revealed that a positive relationship exists between leader’s core self-evaluations and transformational leadership; core self-evaluations to servant leadership; transformational leadership to job satisfaction; and servant leadership to job sa...
Journal of business and management studies, Mar 28, 2022
This literature review strives to assess the higher educational institutions’ leaders and their p... more This literature review strives to assess the higher educational institutions’ leaders and their positive core self-evaluations [CSEs] adherence to and personification of transformational leadership [TFL] and ethical leadership [EL] behaviors that transcend self-interest that may in turn be emulated and reciprocated by their followers. By doing so, the latter accomplishes their duties and responsibilities beyond the minimum level of expectations set to them through organizational commitment. To understand the leader’s CSEs as a possible antecedent of specified outcome variable of the followers’ OC with the mediating roles of TFL and EL, it is necessary to examine previous relevant studies. Thus, this literature review evaluates the theories of leadership constructs in the framework of the leader’s CSEs, TFL, EL, and the followers’ OC.
11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2020
Ethical standards/issues are sensitive matters which could mean either a life or death situation.... more Ethical standards/issues are sensitive matters which could mean either a life or death situation. This study involves issues like abortion, contraception, euthanasia and sanctity (holiness) of family life. It aims to determine if ethical standards/issues are relevant to quality patient care. Ethical issues can be divisive but a healthcare professional or worker does not have to be a Catholic or Christian in order to understand that one has to be always in favor of life, of human life. Any person for that matter has the natural moral law or the law imprinted in the heart and mind which enables one to do good and avoid evil, to choose what is morally right against what is morally wrong. For what is really important? To save one's life but lose it in the end or to lose one's life but save it in the end. Keywords: Ethical issues, quality patient care
Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Review Vol.4 (3) July-September. 2019, 2019
Objective – The study aims to formulate a policy direction (through a model) among Philippine lev... more Objective – The study aims to formulate a policy direction (through a model) among Philippine level 3 local government hospitals based on the predictors of Quality Patient Care (QPC). The predictors are cost-effectiveness, utilization of materials, services by human resources, accessibility, leadership and management and ethical standards as independent variables in relation to the dependent variable which is QPC. Methodology/Technique – Survey questionnaires and interviews were conducted to patients, hospital directors, doctors, nurses, administrative and ancillary officers. The study used descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (ordinary least squares and multiple regression analysis) statistics. Findings – The study revealed that the utilization of materials has the most influence/effect on QPC wherein an increase in 1% of materials brought about an increase of 0.55 % in QPC. Likewise, accessibility brought about an increase in QPC by 0.42 %; and services render...
Voice of Intellectual Man- An International Journal, 2018
Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2022
Influencer Marketing has become a trend recently. Influencers have loyal fan bases who trust thei... more Influencer Marketing has become a trend recently. Influencers have loyal fan bases who trust their taste in products and support them through their endorsements. With the rising number of start-up businesses in the country, this study was conducted to discover whether or not Influencer Marketing affects the brand awareness and reputation of start-up businesses and the consumer's purchasing behavior. The study focused on five Influencer Marketing factors: influencer's online presence, influencer's expertise, content attractiveness, consumer's desire to mimic, and consumer's preferred platform. Using a quantitative research method, the study revealed that all five factors are essential to consumers and have a low to moderate positive relationship with one another. However, only three have a significant impact on increasing the brand awareness and reputation of start-up businesses: Influencer's Online Presence, Consumer's Desire to mimic, and Consumer's ...
Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2022
There are human activities that cause problems and affect other living beings negatively. One of ... more There are human activities that cause problems and affect other living beings negatively. One of these problems is environmental issues like depletion of resources, challenges with electricity, usage of toxic agents, pollution, and waste because of consumption. These aforementioned environmental problems have started to come to society’s concern with the natural environment; businesses have begun to modify their ways in an attempt to address these. A few developments have been integrated to address such issues. That's why green marketing and concepts emerged. Some businesses have been quick to accept concepts and have integrated concerns into all organizational activities. The changes awaken the business world and consumers regarding the responsibilities towards the environment. Consumers are now sensible to these and result preferably environment-friendly products or services. By this, it indicates that consumers are increasingly concerned and are changing their behavior. That ...
Journal of business and management studies, May 6, 2022
11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2020
Globalization had brought significant changes to the ways; students perceived higher education. W... more Globalization had brought significant changes to the ways; students perceived higher education. With the rise of globalization, institutions of higher education need to become more international in order to operate effectively in the global market. Influenced by the importance of higher levels of education, students are now keen on finding education that would best serve their purposes or intentions. Keywords: best practices, Asian universities, mobility
Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Review Vol.4 (3) July-September. 2019, 2019
The entry of smartphones into our lives is due to two primary reasons – the rapid advancement in ... more The entry of smartphones into our lives is due to two primary reasons – the rapid advancement in technology and R & D, making present technology redundant within weeks and the drastic drop in prices of smartphones which occur weekly or monthly. The objectives of this paper are: (1) To provide a more holistic view of smartphone users' preference (2) To have depth analysis on how consumers put a premium on various smartphone features application and tools (3) To understand how prospective customers appreciate the good features of the product. Three statistical tools were used: Frequency Distribution to get the profile of the respondent's actual usage of smartphones and attitudes of consumers, Pearson Correlation, and Conjoint analysis, which was used to analyze the preference of the respondents on smartphone attributes. This study showed a moderately fit conjoint model, Pearson R =.742, p
Objective-Less than 1% of the population in the Philippines has invested in the stock market (PSE... more Objective-Less than 1% of the population in the Philippines has invested in the stock market (PSE, 2016). The Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) has been in operation since 1927 and is one of the oldest in the Asia Pacific. The primary objective of this research is to examine the investing techniques of online users using technical and fundamental analysis. Methodology/Technique-A chi-square test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more categories. The research probes the relationship of the demographic profiles of respondents and their investment behavior using the Friedman's test. Findings-The descriptive statistics show the frequency counts of 418 observations and the corresponding chi-square test for the distribution-free data. The analysis of variance by ranks was used to reflect the Friedman test for the hierarchy of perception of the respondents per given variable. The chi-square test (χ2 (df = 4, ρ = 0.001) = 53.603) shows that actual observations on the relative valuation (86, 48, 130, 99, and 55) is significantly different from a uniform fit of 84 observations at 4 degrees of freedom and 5% level of significance. Novelty-Hence, the study concluded that investors prefer a relative valuation equity selection strategy using fundamental analysis. Furthermore, the study concludes that the moving average (36, 11, 80, 95 and 196) is preferred by investors using technical analysis.
Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2022
In recent years, Filipino consumers are becoming more socially aware of the usage of products tha... more In recent years, Filipino consumers are becoming more socially aware of the usage of products that can be harmful to the environment. Purchasing eco-friendly products is a big step towards sustainable development in the Philippines. The objectives of this study are to identify what are the socially-oriented behavior that influences Filipino consumers to purchase eco-friendly apparel products, if emotions play a role in the purchasing behavior regarding eco-friendly apparel products, and to identify the key determinants that are behind the reason for the intention-behavior gap and purchasing behavior of Filipino consumers regarding eco-friendly apparel products. Filipino consumers from age 18 and above and those residing in Metro Manila are the respondents, while the use of descriptive survey methods was utilized in data collection. The results revealed that the three variables, which are Socially Oriented Behavior, Emotions, and Key Determinants, all passed the PLS-SEM and have disc...
Journal of Finance and Banking Review Vol. 3 (4) Oct-Dec 2018, 2018
Objective - Less than 1% of the population in the Philippines has invested in the stock market (P... more Objective - Less than 1% of the population in the Philippines has invested in the stock market (PSE, 2016). The Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) has been in operation since 1927 and is one of the oldest in the Asia Pacific. The primary objective of this research is to examine the investing techniques of online users using technical and fundamental analysis. Methodology/Technique - A chi-square test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more categories. The research probes the relationship of the demographic profiles of respondents and their investment behavior using the Friedman's test. Findings - The descriptive statistics show the frequency counts of 418 observations and the corresponding chi-square test for the distribution-free data. The analysis of variance by ranks was used to reflect the Friedman test for the hierarchy of perception of the respondents per given variable. The chi-squ...
International Journal of Trade and Global Markets, 2021
Journal of Economic Structures, 2018
Background Trade policy is a vital tool in structuring the rules of the international trade and i... more Background Trade policy is a vital tool in structuring the rules of the international trade and important to nation's trade performance and at the same time serves as a crucial instrument in securing regional growth. To exemplify this key function in the international trade system, trade policy utilizes two critical policy measures: transparency practices and free trade agreement (FTA) (Collins-Williams and Wolfe 2010; Badinger 2008). Transparency refers the "degree to which trade policies and practices, and the process by which they are established, are open and predictable" (Collins-Williams and Wolfe 2010, p. 552). Consistently, FTA is a policy measure that diminishes trade barriers among trading partners and facilitates easier flow of trade and investment in each set of conditions agreed by the parties (Fukunaga 2015). While extant literature portrays transparency and FTAs Abstract Generally, trade policies exclude provision for predictability and accountability as transparency measures and facilitates trade consensus that enhance market access, reduce trading costs, and promote cooperation. In analyzing the trajectories on transparency, free trade agreement (FTA), and trade growth, many scholars investigate international trade norms on how countries play a proactive role to increase competition and improve transparency but limited in scope on the inter-linkages between these three variables that contribute to trade and economic growth. This paper intends to address this missing link by examining the causal relationships between the two transparency measures, FTA, and trade growth from a sample of 15 countries in the Asia-Pacific region using panel regression analysis. Results show a significant impact in trade growth affected by a percent changed in predictability and FTA measures. While increase in trade disputes, i.e., less accountability transparency measure tends to decrease trade growth. By determining the effects of transparency practices and FTAs in the international trade arena, the study concludes that these trade policy tools are important parameters to boost trade growth.
International Transactions in Operational Research, 2007
This paper evaluates the efficiency performance of Philippine Private Higher Educational Institut... more This paper evaluates the efficiency performance of Philippine Private Higher Educational Institutions (PHEIs), using frontier approaches known as data envelopment analysis-Malmquist indices and stochastic frontier analysis. The sample consists of 30 private educational institutions, which were granted autonomy over the time period 1999-2003, with a total of 150 observations. The paper also analyzes whether technical inefficiency is systematically related to age, ownership (private sectarian versus private non-sectarian), and autonomy status. Significant new findings show that higher technological progress boosted the higher productivity growth of the majority of PHEIs (about 66.67%). We also found that age and ownership have positive and statistically significant effects on its technical inefficiency. PHEIs obtained a technical efficiency of 71.2%, and therefore need to increase their output revenues by 28.8% to be efficient. These new findings contribute significantly to educational performance.
African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2019
This paper recognizes tourism's potential in balancing economic development of communities in... more This paper recognizes tourism's potential in balancing economic development of communities in the peripheries of watersheds with nature conservation. It was conducted in Ipo watershed which has 6,600 hectares of forest and provides fresh water to more than 13 million people in Metro Manila, Philippines. The objectives of the study are to determine the community's perception of tourism and identify factors affecting their support for tourism development and environment conservation. Survey questionnaires and face to face interviews were conducted to 102 respondents. To determine the relationship of different variables, Structural Equation Modelling was used. The study revealed that the communities have positive perception on tourism and in using the Motivation, Opportunity Ability model the study revealed that motivation and ability had significant effect with support for tourism development and environment conservation. The study contributes to the literature on tourism in p...
International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 2011
This paper evaluates the efficiency and productivity growth of State Universities and Colleges (S... more This paper evaluates the efficiency and productivity growth of State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in the Philippines. The SUCs performance is determined on the changes in total factor productivity (TFP), technological, and technical efficiency. We use two Data envelopment analysis (DEA) models for the first time in estimating the relative performance of SUCs. Firstly, the output-orientated DEA-Malmquist index is calculated from panel data of 59 SUCS over the period 1999-2003 or a total of 295 observations, and secondly, the DEA multi-stage model (input reduction) is estimated. The two DEA models are calculated using three educational outputs and three inputs. Using Malmquist Index model, findings reveal that 49 SUCs or 83 percent are efficient. The technological index shows that six (6) SUCs or 10.16 percent only shows a technological progress. In terms of total factor productivity, SUCs obtained an index score of 1.002, which implies a productivity growth. This means that 27 SU...
This theoretical paper contends the tenet that countries and their respective higher educational ... more This theoretical paper contends the tenet that countries and their respective higher educational institutions should continue viewing international education as a traditional public good. Instead, they must acknowledge intense competition and consider it as a product based on market perspective. The new competitive education landscape compels them to adopt and apply marketing concepts in their operations in order to influence international students in their choice of country destination, university, and study program. Based on the business model concept, this paper highlights the need, develop, and describe a new framework for ‘students-as-consumers’ concept by reviewing the existing literature on students’ choice. The paper shows how students as consumers can be attracted or recruited; and, how host countries and their respective higher education institutions can optimize their resources by presenting the newly developed framework as a new business model. The study offers some mana...
Core self-evaluations, effective leadership styles and employee job satisfaction are essential fa... more Core self-evaluations, effective leadership styles and employee job satisfaction are essential factors for organizational success. This paper aims to determine the relationship of the leader’s core self-evaluations, transformational leadership and servant leadership styles to their follower’s job satisfaction in selected Parochial Schools in Manila, Philippines under the Roman Catholic Education System. The respondents were selected according to certain criteria. Descriptive correlational design was used. In total, 308 individuals from the teaching and non-teaching personnel participated. The data were collected using survey questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Research findings revealed that a positive relationship exists between leader’s core self-evaluations and transformational leadership; core self-evaluations to servant leadership; transformational leadership to job satisfaction; and servant leadership to job sa...