JAZMIN COZAR - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by JAZMIN COZAR

Research paper thumbnail of Multiple System Atrophy – Cerebellar Type: Clinical Picture and Treatment of an Often-Overlooked Disorder

Cureus

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare, progressive, fatal, neurodegenerative disorder. There ar... more Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare, progressive, fatal, neurodegenerative disorder. There are two main types: the parkinsonian type (MSA-P) and cerebellar type (MSA-C). The disease usually presents with genitourinary dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder. Patients rapidly develop balance, speech, and coordination abnormalities. We present a review of the clinical picture and the actualized treatment modalities of the MSA cerebellar type. For the study methods, a PubMed search was done using the following medical subject headings (MeSH) terms: "multiple system atrophy/therapy". Inclusion criteria included studies in English, full papers, human studies, and publications in the last 30 years. Case reports and series were excluded. A total of 157 papers were extracted after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 41 papers were included for the discussion of this review. This review underlines the therapeutic strategies as well as the clinical picture of multiple system atrophy, and how MSA-C and MSA-P differ from each other. We discussed this review in four topics: ataxia, autonomic dysfunction (neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and urinary disorders), parkinsonism, and REM sleep disorder. In conclusion, the treatment of MSA-C is mainly symptomatic; there are not many studies on MSA-C. The ataxic component and fewer parkinsonian symptoms are the main difference of MSA-C as opposed to MSA-P.

Research paper thumbnail of The Association of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnancy and Vertical Transmission: Literature Review

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a new beta coronavirus (severe acute respiratory... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a new beta coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) and has resulted in a worldwide pandemic. Although previous research on other beta coronaviruses has found detrimental effects on pregnant women and neonates, it is uncertain whether vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 exists. We conducted a literature review to explore the association between confirmed COVID-19 infection during the pregnancy and potential vertical transmission of the virus. We searched PubMed using the following medical subject headings (MeSH): ("Coronavirus"[MeSH]) AND "Pregnancy"[MeSH]; ("Coronavirus"[MeSH]) AND "Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical"[MeSH]. Inclusion criteria were full articles, female study objects, English language, papers published within one year, and human studies. Non-English papers, animal studies, meta-analysis, clinical trials, literature reviews, and systema...

Research paper thumbnail of The Genetic Foundations of Serotonin Syndrome, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, and Malignant Hyperthermia: Is There a Genetic Association Between These Disorders?

Cureus, 2020

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), serotonin syndrome (SS), and malignant hyperthermia (MH) sh... more Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), serotonin syndrome (SS), and malignant hyperthermia (MH) share similar clinical characteristics. These conditions can present life-threatening situations due to exposure to different drugs. A similar genetic predisposition is suspected between these syndromes as well. This review aims to consolidate the knowledge about the genetics of these disorders and find possible correlations among them to frame the best possible approaches using different drugs without producing life-threatening complications that can be preventable. As a method, we collected data using PubMed with a Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) strategy. The inclusion criteria were as follows: full papers, studies conducted on humans, papers published in the English language, and study types that included case reports, journal articles, multicenter studies, clinical studies, observational studies, or clinical trials. Studies involving animals, articles that were without a visible abstract, study types that included clinical reviews, systematic reviews, or meta-analyses were excluded. 146 papers were reviewed, and 130 papers were removed for no possible extraction of data, duplication of the data, or the study outcome was not compatible with the objective of this review. Ultimately, a total of 17 papers were used for the discussion of this article. As a result of this review, we found no genetic association between NMS, SS, and MH development. Finally, we conclude that NMS, SS, and MH presentation are caused by different mutations which are not associated. 3 However, because of the life-threatening clinical presentation of these conditions, genetic tests should be suggested in patients with a family history of these disorders before administering any pertinent drug that increases the risk of developing all these syndromes.

Research paper thumbnail of Cervical Dystonia Resolving After the Onset of Parkinson’s Disease

Research paper thumbnail of Multiple System Atrophy – Cerebellar Type: Clinical Picture and Treatment of an Often-Overlooked Disorder

Cureus

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare, progressive, fatal, neurodegenerative disorder. There ar... more Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare, progressive, fatal, neurodegenerative disorder. There are two main types: the parkinsonian type (MSA-P) and cerebellar type (MSA-C). The disease usually presents with genitourinary dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder. Patients rapidly develop balance, speech, and coordination abnormalities. We present a review of the clinical picture and the actualized treatment modalities of the MSA cerebellar type. For the study methods, a PubMed search was done using the following medical subject headings (MeSH) terms: "multiple system atrophy/therapy". Inclusion criteria included studies in English, full papers, human studies, and publications in the last 30 years. Case reports and series were excluded. A total of 157 papers were extracted after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 41 papers were included for the discussion of this review. This review underlines the therapeutic strategies as well as the clinical picture of multiple system atrophy, and how MSA-C and MSA-P differ from each other. We discussed this review in four topics: ataxia, autonomic dysfunction (neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and urinary disorders), parkinsonism, and REM sleep disorder. In conclusion, the treatment of MSA-C is mainly symptomatic; there are not many studies on MSA-C. The ataxic component and fewer parkinsonian symptoms are the main difference of MSA-C as opposed to MSA-P.

Research paper thumbnail of The Association of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnancy and Vertical Transmission: Literature Review

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a new beta coronavirus (severe acute respiratory... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a new beta coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) and has resulted in a worldwide pandemic. Although previous research on other beta coronaviruses has found detrimental effects on pregnant women and neonates, it is uncertain whether vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 exists. We conducted a literature review to explore the association between confirmed COVID-19 infection during the pregnancy and potential vertical transmission of the virus. We searched PubMed using the following medical subject headings (MeSH): ("Coronavirus"[MeSH]) AND "Pregnancy"[MeSH]; ("Coronavirus"[MeSH]) AND "Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical"[MeSH]. Inclusion criteria were full articles, female study objects, English language, papers published within one year, and human studies. Non-English papers, animal studies, meta-analysis, clinical trials, literature reviews, and systema...

Research paper thumbnail of The Genetic Foundations of Serotonin Syndrome, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, and Malignant Hyperthermia: Is There a Genetic Association Between These Disorders?

Cureus, 2020

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), serotonin syndrome (SS), and malignant hyperthermia (MH) sh... more Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), serotonin syndrome (SS), and malignant hyperthermia (MH) share similar clinical characteristics. These conditions can present life-threatening situations due to exposure to different drugs. A similar genetic predisposition is suspected between these syndromes as well. This review aims to consolidate the knowledge about the genetics of these disorders and find possible correlations among them to frame the best possible approaches using different drugs without producing life-threatening complications that can be preventable. As a method, we collected data using PubMed with a Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) strategy. The inclusion criteria were as follows: full papers, studies conducted on humans, papers published in the English language, and study types that included case reports, journal articles, multicenter studies, clinical studies, observational studies, or clinical trials. Studies involving animals, articles that were without a visible abstract, study types that included clinical reviews, systematic reviews, or meta-analyses were excluded. 146 papers were reviewed, and 130 papers were removed for no possible extraction of data, duplication of the data, or the study outcome was not compatible with the objective of this review. Ultimately, a total of 17 papers were used for the discussion of this article. As a result of this review, we found no genetic association between NMS, SS, and MH development. Finally, we conclude that NMS, SS, and MH presentation are caused by different mutations which are not associated. 3 However, because of the life-threatening clinical presentation of these conditions, genetic tests should be suggested in patients with a family history of these disorders before administering any pertinent drug that increases the risk of developing all these syndromes.

Research paper thumbnail of Cervical Dystonia Resolving After the Onset of Parkinson’s Disease