Caitlin Bond - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Caitlin Bond
Frontiers in malaria, Apr 17, 2024
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Dec 10, 2023
ImmunoHorizons, Jun 1, 2022
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Oct 1, 2021
MBio, Oct 26, 2022
In children with severe malaria, intestinal injury is a common complication associated with incre... more In children with severe malaria, intestinal injury is a common complication associated with increased mortality. Intestinal injury is associated with acute kidney injury, acidosis, and endothelial activation. Interventions promoting intestinal regeneration and repair represent novel approaches to improve outcomes.
JAMA network open, Dec 10, 2021
Blood Advances, Nov 18, 2021
Pathogens & immunity, Jun 23, 2022
Maternal and Child Nutrition, Oct 4, 2017
Neurology
Background and Objectives For children with cerebral malaria, mortality is high, and in survivors... more Background and Objectives For children with cerebral malaria, mortality is high, and in survivors, long-term neurologic and cognitive dysfunctions are common. While specific clinical factors are associated with death or long-term neurocognitive morbidity in cerebral malaria, the association of EEG features with these outcomes, particularly neurocognitive outcomes, is less well characterized. Methods In this prospective cohort study of 149 children age 6 months to 12 years who survived cerebral malaria in Kampala, Uganda, we evaluated whether depth of coma, number of clinical seizures, or EEG features during hospitalization were associated with mortality during hospitalization, short-term and long-term neurologic deficits, or long-term cognitive outcomes (overall cognition, attention, memory) over the 2-year follow-up. Results Higher Blantyre or Glasgow Coma Scores (BCS and GCS, respectively), higher background voltage, and presence of normal reactivity on EEG were each associated wi...
Pediatrics
BACKGROUND Cerebral malaria (CM) and severe malarial anemia (SMA) are associated with neurocognit... more BACKGROUND Cerebral malaria (CM) and severe malarial anemia (SMA) are associated with neurocognitive impairment in childhood but their effects on long-term academic achievement are not known. METHODS Ugandan children 5 to 12 years old who participated in a previous study evaluating cognitive outcomes after CM (n = 73) or SMA (n = 56), along with community children (CC, n = 100) from the same household or neighborhood, were on average enrolled 67.1 months (range, 19–101 months) after the severe malaria episode or previous study enrollment. Academic achievement in word reading, sentence comprehension, spelling, and math computation was evaluated using the Wide Range Achievement Test, Fourth Edition. Age-adjusted z-scores for academic achievement outcomes were calculated from CC scores. RESULTS After adjustment for age and time from enrollment, reading scores were lower (mean difference from CC [95% confidence interval]) in children with CM (−0.15 [−0.27 to −0.03], P = .02) or SMA (−0....
Blood Advances
Data from small clinical trials in the United States and India suggest zinc supplementation reduc... more Data from small clinical trials in the United States and India suggest zinc supplementation reduces infection in adolescents and adults with sickle cell anemia (SCA), but no studies of zinc supplementation for infection prevention have been conducted in children with SCA living in Africa. We conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess zinc supplementation for prevention of severe or invasive infections in Ugandan children 1.00-4.99 years with SCA. Of 252 enrolled participants, 124 were assigned zinc (10 mg) and 126 assigned placebo once daily for 12 months. The primary outcome was incidence of protocol-defined severe or invasive infections. Infection incidence did not differ between treatment arms (282 vs. 270 severe or invasive infections per 100 person-years, respectively, incidence rate ratio of 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81, 1.32, p=0.78]), adjusting for hydroxyurea treatment. There was also no difference between treatment arms in incidence ...
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Background Global changes in amino acid levels have been described in severe malaria (SM), but th... more Background Global changes in amino acid levels have been described in severe malaria (SM), but the relationship between amino acids and long-term outcomes in SM has not been evaluated. Methods We measured enrollment plasma concentrations of 20 amino acids using high-performance liquid chromatography in 500 Ugandan children aged 18 months to 12 years, including 122 community children and 378 children with SM. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria were used to define acute kidney injury (AKI) at enrollment and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at 1-year follow-up. Cognition was assessed over 2 years of follow-up. Results Compared to laboratory-defined, age-specific reference ranges, there were deficiencies in sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine, cysteine) in both community children and children with SM. Among children with SM, global changes in amino acid concentrations were observed in the context of metabolic complications including acidosis and AKI. Increases in t...
mBio
In children with severe malaria, intestinal injury is a common complication associated with incre... more In children with severe malaria, intestinal injury is a common complication associated with increased mortality. Intestinal injury is associated with acute kidney injury, acidosis, and endothelial activation. Interventions promoting intestinal regeneration and repair represent novel approaches to improve outcomes.
Pathogens and Immunity
Background: Murine experimental cerebral malaria studies suggest both protective and deleterious ... more Background: Murine experimental cerebral malaria studies suggest both protective and deleterious central nervous system effects from alterations in the interleukin-33 (IL-33)/ST2 pathway. Methods: We assessed whether soluble ST2 (sST2) was associated with neuronal injury or cognitive impairment in a cohort of Ugandan children with cerebral malaria (CM, n=224) or severe malarial anemia (SMA, n=193). Results: Plasma concentrations of sST2 were higher in children with CM than in children with SMA or in asymptomatic community children. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sST2 levels were elevated in children with CM compared with North American children. Elevated plasma and CSF ST2 levels in children with CM correlated with increased endothelial activation and increased plasma and CSF levels of tau, a marker of neuronal injury. In children with CM who were ≥5 years of age at the time of their malaria episode, but not in children <5 years of age, elevated risk factor-adjusted plasma levels of...
Frontiers in malaria, Apr 17, 2024
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Dec 10, 2023
ImmunoHorizons, Jun 1, 2022
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Oct 1, 2021
MBio, Oct 26, 2022
In children with severe malaria, intestinal injury is a common complication associated with incre... more In children with severe malaria, intestinal injury is a common complication associated with increased mortality. Intestinal injury is associated with acute kidney injury, acidosis, and endothelial activation. Interventions promoting intestinal regeneration and repair represent novel approaches to improve outcomes.
JAMA network open, Dec 10, 2021
Blood Advances, Nov 18, 2021
Pathogens & immunity, Jun 23, 2022
Maternal and Child Nutrition, Oct 4, 2017
Neurology
Background and Objectives For children with cerebral malaria, mortality is high, and in survivors... more Background and Objectives For children with cerebral malaria, mortality is high, and in survivors, long-term neurologic and cognitive dysfunctions are common. While specific clinical factors are associated with death or long-term neurocognitive morbidity in cerebral malaria, the association of EEG features with these outcomes, particularly neurocognitive outcomes, is less well characterized. Methods In this prospective cohort study of 149 children age 6 months to 12 years who survived cerebral malaria in Kampala, Uganda, we evaluated whether depth of coma, number of clinical seizures, or EEG features during hospitalization were associated with mortality during hospitalization, short-term and long-term neurologic deficits, or long-term cognitive outcomes (overall cognition, attention, memory) over the 2-year follow-up. Results Higher Blantyre or Glasgow Coma Scores (BCS and GCS, respectively), higher background voltage, and presence of normal reactivity on EEG were each associated wi...
Pediatrics
BACKGROUND Cerebral malaria (CM) and severe malarial anemia (SMA) are associated with neurocognit... more BACKGROUND Cerebral malaria (CM) and severe malarial anemia (SMA) are associated with neurocognitive impairment in childhood but their effects on long-term academic achievement are not known. METHODS Ugandan children 5 to 12 years old who participated in a previous study evaluating cognitive outcomes after CM (n = 73) or SMA (n = 56), along with community children (CC, n = 100) from the same household or neighborhood, were on average enrolled 67.1 months (range, 19–101 months) after the severe malaria episode or previous study enrollment. Academic achievement in word reading, sentence comprehension, spelling, and math computation was evaluated using the Wide Range Achievement Test, Fourth Edition. Age-adjusted z-scores for academic achievement outcomes were calculated from CC scores. RESULTS After adjustment for age and time from enrollment, reading scores were lower (mean difference from CC [95% confidence interval]) in children with CM (−0.15 [−0.27 to −0.03], P = .02) or SMA (−0....
Blood Advances
Data from small clinical trials in the United States and India suggest zinc supplementation reduc... more Data from small clinical trials in the United States and India suggest zinc supplementation reduces infection in adolescents and adults with sickle cell anemia (SCA), but no studies of zinc supplementation for infection prevention have been conducted in children with SCA living in Africa. We conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess zinc supplementation for prevention of severe or invasive infections in Ugandan children 1.00-4.99 years with SCA. Of 252 enrolled participants, 124 were assigned zinc (10 mg) and 126 assigned placebo once daily for 12 months. The primary outcome was incidence of protocol-defined severe or invasive infections. Infection incidence did not differ between treatment arms (282 vs. 270 severe or invasive infections per 100 person-years, respectively, incidence rate ratio of 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81, 1.32, p=0.78]), adjusting for hydroxyurea treatment. There was also no difference between treatment arms in incidence ...
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Background Global changes in amino acid levels have been described in severe malaria (SM), but th... more Background Global changes in amino acid levels have been described in severe malaria (SM), but the relationship between amino acids and long-term outcomes in SM has not been evaluated. Methods We measured enrollment plasma concentrations of 20 amino acids using high-performance liquid chromatography in 500 Ugandan children aged 18 months to 12 years, including 122 community children and 378 children with SM. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria were used to define acute kidney injury (AKI) at enrollment and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at 1-year follow-up. Cognition was assessed over 2 years of follow-up. Results Compared to laboratory-defined, age-specific reference ranges, there were deficiencies in sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine, cysteine) in both community children and children with SM. Among children with SM, global changes in amino acid concentrations were observed in the context of metabolic complications including acidosis and AKI. Increases in t...
mBio
In children with severe malaria, intestinal injury is a common complication associated with incre... more In children with severe malaria, intestinal injury is a common complication associated with increased mortality. Intestinal injury is associated with acute kidney injury, acidosis, and endothelial activation. Interventions promoting intestinal regeneration and repair represent novel approaches to improve outcomes.
Pathogens and Immunity
Background: Murine experimental cerebral malaria studies suggest both protective and deleterious ... more Background: Murine experimental cerebral malaria studies suggest both protective and deleterious central nervous system effects from alterations in the interleukin-33 (IL-33)/ST2 pathway. Methods: We assessed whether soluble ST2 (sST2) was associated with neuronal injury or cognitive impairment in a cohort of Ugandan children with cerebral malaria (CM, n=224) or severe malarial anemia (SMA, n=193). Results: Plasma concentrations of sST2 were higher in children with CM than in children with SMA or in asymptomatic community children. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sST2 levels were elevated in children with CM compared with North American children. Elevated plasma and CSF ST2 levels in children with CM correlated with increased endothelial activation and increased plasma and CSF levels of tau, a marker of neuronal injury. In children with CM who were ≥5 years of age at the time of their malaria episode, but not in children <5 years of age, elevated risk factor-adjusted plasma levels of...