Capt. Dr. Battula sreenivasa rao, Professor (original) (raw)

Papers by Capt. Dr. Battula sreenivasa rao, Professor

ChemInform, Oct 20, 2011

Review: 15 refs.

1. INTRODUCTION Chemically, efavirenz is (4S)-6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethy... more 1. INTRODUCTION Chemically, efavirenz is (4S)-6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2,4-dihydro-1H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one. Efavirenz is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and is used as a part of highly active antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (Fig1).The drug is used in combination with other anti-retroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in children and adults .The usual dosage of efavirenz is 600mg per day. Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are lent viruses, a family of mammalian retroviruses evolved to establish chronic persistent infection with gradual onset of clinical symptoms Greene and Peterlin, 2002[1]. There are two major families of HIV. Most of the epidemic involves HIV-1; HIV-2 is a close relative whose distribution is concentrated in western Africa. HIV-1 is genetically diverse, with at least five distinct subfamilies or clades. HIV-1 and HIV-2 have similar in vitro sensitivity to most antiretroviral drugs, although the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are HIV-1-specific and have no activity against HIV-2. Within HIV-1 isolates, clade per se does not seem to have a major effect on drug sensitivity. The rapid discovery and development of combinations of antiretroviral agents capable of long-term control of HIV replication were remarkable achievements. The identification of HIV as the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1985 and the immediate availability of its complete genome Fisher et al., 1985[2] paved the way for the development of selective inhibitors.

Rasayan journal of Chemistry, 2022

Asian Journal of Chemistry

A simple, highly sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS... more A simple, highly sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for separation and simultaneous assay of approved calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists ubrogepant and atogepant in human plasma using frovatriptan as internal standards. Analytes were extracted using protein precipitation induced by acetonitrile followed by liquid-liquid extraction using dichloromethane. RP-HPLC analysis was carried using Xbridge C18 column (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a simple isocratic mobile phase composed of 0.01% NH3 in 2 mM ammonium formate at pH 6.4 and acetonitrile at 45:55 (v/v) as mobile phase at 0.4 mL/min flow rate. Detection was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer employing electrospray ionization technique, operating in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), with the transitions of m/z 550→58, m/z 604→147, m/z and m/z 244→156 for ubrogepant, atogepant and frovatriptan, respectively, in the posi...

ABSTRACT: A simple, selective, rapid, precise and economical reverse phase high pressure liquid c... more ABSTRACT: A simple, selective, rapid, precise and economical reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the estimation of Pregabalin in pharmaceutical Tablet dosage form. The mobile phase consisted of 50:50 % (v/v) of Methanol & 10mM Ammonium Acetate (pH adjusted to 3.0 with glacial acetic acid) operated on isocratic mode. The flow rate is 0.7 ml/min. Chromatographic determination of Pregabalin was performed on Phenomenex C18 column (150 X 4.6 mm Id, ODS 2, 5µm). The wavelength of detection is 210 nm. The injection volume is 20µL. The retention time of Pregabalin is 3.39 ± 0.10 minutes. The developed method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, solution stability, ruggedness, and robustness. The influence of Acid, Alkaline, Oxidative Stress, Photolytic stress conditions on Pregabalin was studied. Results indicated that pregabalin is stable under the experimental conditions with a high

amino methyl hexanoic acid, is a structural analogues of γ- amino butyric acid (GABA) as shown in... more amino methyl hexanoic acid, is a structural analogues of γ- amino butyric acid (GABA) as shown in (Figure 1). It is a white crystalline solid. It is soluble in water and in both basic and acidic aqueous

A rapid, specific and accurate isocratic HPLC method was developed and validated for the assay of... more A rapid, specific and accurate isocratic HPLC method was developed and validated for the assay of efavirenz in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The assay involved an isocratic elution of efavirenz in Grace C18 column using mobile phase composition of buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio of 50:50 (v/v).The wavelength of detection is 252 nm .The proposed method can be used for routine quality control samples in industry in bulk and in finished dosage forms and for the stability studies as the method separates efavirenz from its degradation products.

International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR], 2018

Introduction: The World Health Organization estimates that the current global prevalence of blind... more Introduction: The World Health Organization estimates that the current global prevalence of blindness is 0.57% (range: 0.2%-1%), with more than 82% of all blindness occurring in individuals aged 50 and older. 3.8 million persons become blind from cataract each year in India. The aim of the current study was to determine macular thickness changes after uncomplicated cataract surgery and in cataract surgery complicated with posterior capsule rent using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Material and Methods: This was a prospective casecontrol study. Out of 60 patients, 30 patients complicated by posterior capsular rent were taken as cases on a continuance basis and 30 patients of uncomplicated cataract surgery as controls as a convenience non random sampling method. OCT measurements were performed before surgery and postoperatively at day 1, week 1 and 6. Post operatively, slit lamp examination was done on the first day and in further follow ups. BCVA was recorded using Snellen's chart on the post-operative 1 st day, 1 st week and 6 th week. This was later converted to LogMAR visual acuity for statistical analysis. Results: CME was diagnosed when there was increase in central macular thickness by more than or equal to 40% increase from baseline. 2 patients in controls (Group 1) had an increase of central macular thickness by 16% from baseline but none of the patients in controls (Group 1) developed CME. Out of the 30 patients in cases (Group 2), 4 patients developed CME changes. Conclusion: Mean macular thickness values measured using OCT were found to be significantly high in eyes which underwent cataract surgery complicated with posterior capsule rent when compared to the eyes which underwent uneventful cataract surgery.

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

In this research we established a new GC-HS-FID (Gas Chromatography-Head Space-Flame Ionization S... more In this research we established a new GC-HS-FID (Gas Chromatography-Head Space-Flame Ionization Sensor) process for concurrent assessment of methanol (MTL), ethyl acetate (ETL), triethyl amine (TTL), and dichloromethane (DRM) in rivaroxaban (RVN) bulk medication. MTL, ETL, TTL and DRM were separated using DB 624 column (3.0 μm thickness film, 75 m length x 0.53 mm internal diameter). The proposed GC-HS-FID method was authenticated for MTL, ETL, TTL and DRM analysis in RVN sample following ICH guidelines. A good linearity was gained over a range of solvents concentration 750.32 to 4501.94 ppm (MTL), 1249.67 to 7498.04 ppm (ETL), 1246.2 to 7477.17 ppm (TTL) and 150.92 to 905.54 ppm (DRM). The precision, specificity, accuracy, robustness data were documented in the within the acceptable limits. The GC-HS-FID process method can be regularly exploited for the intent of MTL, ETL, TTL and DRM analysis in RVN samples.

In the present study, a simple, precise and accurate high performance liquid chromatography with ... more In the present study, a simple, precise and accurate high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector was developed for the simultaneous estimation of ivermectin & fenbendazole in bulk and tablet dosage forms. A Zorbax C8 column (250 cm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm) with mobile phase consisting of 0.1 M potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate and methanol (60:40 v/v) having pH 4.5 (adjusted with orthophosphoric acid) was used. The flow rate was 1.2 ml/min and the effluents were detected at 268 nm. The retention times of ivermectin and fenbendazole were found to be at 3.296 min and 7.257 min, respectively. The linearity of the selected drugs was obtained in the range of 2-6 μg/ml (ivermectin) and 60-80 μg/ml (fenbendazole). The results of analysis have been validated according to ICH guidelines. The results for all validation parameters were found to be within the acceptance limit. Ivermectin and fenbendazole were degraded under acidic, alkaline, oxidative, thermal and photolytic...

The effect of nonionic surfactant micellar (Triton X–100) on the sensitive, simple and inexpensiv... more The effect of nonionic surfactant micellar (Triton X–100) on the sensitive, simple and inexpensive, spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of lead (II) with isonitriso p-isopropyl acetophenone phenyl hydrazone (HIPAPH). Lead was complexed with isonitriso p-isopropyl acetophenone phenyl hydrazone (HIPAPH) in presence of non ionic surfactant micellar (Triton X–100). Absorption spectrum of PbHIPAPH complex in the presence of non ionic surfactant medium shows a peak at 390 nm. The molar absorptivity of the complex was 5.6734x10 dm.mole.cm and Sandell’s sensitivity was 2.2367x10mg.cm. The system obeys Beer’s law in the concentration range of 0.25 to 15.0ppm. The composition of the complex (metal: ligand) was 1:2. The method was employed for the determination of lead in industrial effluents and ground water samples.

International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR], Dec 1, 2018

Introduction: Lens induced glaucoma is commonly come across in elderly people if not treated earl... more Introduction: Lens induced glaucoma is commonly come across in elderly people if not treated early and promptly leads to poor visual prognosis and adds to old age disabilities. The aim of this study was to clinically assess IOP and visual acuity depending upon duration of lens induced glaucoma before and after lens extraction. Material and Methods: This was a prospective study which was done among 100 cases of lens induced glaucoma (LIG) during September 2014 to October 2016. To reduce the intra ocular pressure by topical beta-blockers and Dorzolamide eye drops were used. Small incision cataract surgery with posterior chamber intra ocular lens implantation was performed. Posterior segment evaluation by ophthalmoscopy (direct and indirect) and +90D biomicroscopy wherever possible. Follow up of every case was done on first postoperative day, at 1 week and 6 weeks. Results: Out of 100 cases, 45 cases (45%) improved to BVCA, indicating that majority of patients had recovered good vision. Among the 100 patients included in this study, 12 patients (12%) presented with IOP < 30 mm Hg, 44 patients (44%) presented with IOP 31-40 mmHg, 24 patients (24%) with IOP 41-50 mmHg and 20 patients (20%) presented with IOP more than 50 mmHg. Conclusion: The current study showed that phacomorphic glaucoma (56%) was more common than phacolytic glaucoma. Postoperatively visual acuity is improved and intraocular pressure reduced.

$Research paper thumbnail of Long term functional outcome of intertrochanteric femur fractures treated with dynamic hip screw v/s proximal femoral nail: Retrospective study$

International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences, Apr 1, 2018

Background: Trochanteric fractures are devastating injuries that most commonly affect the elderly... more Background: Trochanteric fractures are devastating injuries that most commonly affect the elderly and also in young, have a tremendous impact on both the health care system and society in general. The mainstay of treatment of intertrochanteric fracture is fixation with a screw slide plate device or intramedullary device. The purpose of this retrospective study to review the long term functional outcome of Intertrochanteric femoral fractures treated with dynamic hip screw (DHS) v/s proximal femoral nail (PFN). Methods: This study was conducted on 1000 patients of both sexes with intertrochanteric femoral fractures above 16 years of age group which were operated for intertrochanteric femoral fracture by DHS (500patients) and PFN (500patients) from January 2009 to December 2012. Functional results were assessed by Harris hip scoring system. Results: In our study Mean age-62.66±16.99. The ratio of males to female was 1.23:1. 85.2% of patients were found with domestic fall and both sides were equally involved. In our study 5.2% cases of infection notated in the PFN group and 9.4% in the D.H.S group. Peri-Implant fracture occurred in 8 cases (1.6%) in PFN group and 19 cases (3.8%) in DHS group. Mechanical complications like (Breakage of PFN/ DHS screw and PFN/ DHS plate) occurred in 24 cases (4.8%) in PFN group and in DHS group were found in 16 cases (3.2%). Deformity (varus deformity and external rotation) occurred in 11 cases (2.2%) in PFN group and 44 cases (8.8%) in DHS group. Mean HHS of PFN was 92.064 and of DHS was 91.753(p=0.425). Conclusions: We conclude that long term functional outcome measured by HHS of Intertrochanteric femoral fractures treated with dynamic hip screw v/s proximal femoral nail have no significant difference but complication like peri-implant fracture, Shortening, Screw cutout , varus deformity were more in patient operated by DHS.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2007

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 1999

Five samples of natural zeolites from different parts of Iran were chosen for this study. In orde... more Five samples of natural zeolites from different parts of Iran were chosen for this study. In order to characterize and determine their structures, X-ray diffraction and infrared spectrometry were carried out for each sample. The selective absorption properties of each zeolite were found by calculating the distribution coefficient (K d) of various simulated wastes which were prepared by spiking the radionuclides with 131 I, 99 Mo, 153 Sm, 140 La and 147 Nd. All the zeolite samples used in this study had extremely high absorption value towards 140 La; clinoptolite from Mianeh and analsite from Ghalehkhargoshi showed good absorption for 147 Nd; clinoptolite from Semnan and clinoptolite from Firozkoh showed high absorption for 153 Sm; mesolite from Arababad Tabas showed good absorption for 99 Mo; and finally mesolite from Arababad Tabas, clinoptolite from Semnan and clinoptolite from Firozkoh could be used to selectively absorb 131 I from the stimulated waste which was prepared. The natural zeolites chosen for these studies show a similar pattern to those synthetic ion exchangers in the literature and in some cases an extremely high selectivity towards certain radioactive elements. Hence the binary separation of radioactive elements could easily be carried out. Furthermore, these zeolites, which are naturally occurring ion exchangers, are viable economically and extremely useful alternatives in this industry.

Inorganic Chemistry Communications

Chemical Data Collections, 2021

Abstract This report shows the synthesis of drug like small molecular library based on 2-(substit... more Abstract This report shows the synthesis of drug like small molecular library based on 2-(substituted benzylthio)-4,6-dichloropyrimidin-5-amines analogues (5a-j). A reduction reaction of 4,6-dichloro-5-nitro-2-(phenylthio)-pyrimidine (4) with iron powder was employed to afford the target pyrimidine under acetic acid and MeOH solvent at room temperature condition. All of the intermediates and final products were confirmed and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR-MS spectral analyses. An enhanced protocol offered several benefits such as simple handling, mild reaction conditions, maximum eco-friendly manner, reduction of hazardous solvents and good to excellent product yields.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2005

Chemical in\'Csti~ation of the outer la)'er of the root hark of Rlrizoplwra 1111/crtnwta Lam of A... more Chemical in\'Csti~ation of the outer la)'er of the root hark of Rlrizoplwra 1111/crtnwta Lam of And••man and Nicohar Islands all'ordcd a rare xanthone, lichixanlhnnc alon~ with atranorin, a-amyrin, ~-:JJnyrin, l'almitonc, ~-sitoslcrul, dimyristyl ketone und !)-sitosterol ~I)'CO.~ide.

Chemical Data Collections, 2022