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Papers by Marco Cardinale

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2020

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2021

Purpose: This study investigated (1) the transition rate of elite world-class throwers, (2) the a... more Purpose: This study investigated (1) the transition rate of elite world-class throwers, (2) the age of peak performance in either elite junior and/or elite senior athletes, and (3) if relative age effect (RAE) influences the chance of being considered elite in junior and/or senior category. Methods: The career performance trajectories of 5108 throwers (49.9% females) were extracted from the World Athletics database. The authors identified throwers who had reached the elite level (operationally defined as the World all-time top 50 ranked for each age category) in either junior and/or senior category and calculated the junior-to-senior transition rate. The age of peak performance and the RAE were also investigated. Results: The transition rate at 16 and 18 years of age was 6% and 12% in males and 16% and 24% in females, respectively. Furthermore, elite senior throwers reached their personal best later in life than elite junior throwers. The athletes of both genders considered elite in...

Sensors, 2020

Muscle oximetry based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electromyography (EMG) techniques ... more Muscle oximetry based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electromyography (EMG) techniques in adherent clothing might be used to monitor the muscular activity of selected muscle groups while exercising. The fusion of these wearable technologies in sporting garments can allow the objective assessment of the quality and the quantity of the muscle activity as well as the continuous monitoring of exercise programs. Several prototypes integrating EMG and NIRS have been developed previously; however, most devices presented the limitations of not measuring regional muscle oxyhemoglobin saturation and did not embed textile sensors for EMG. The purpose of this study was to compare regional muscle oxyhemoglobin saturation and surface EMG data, measured under resting and dynamic conditions (treadmill run and strength exercises) by a recently developed wearable integrated quadriceps muscle oximetry/EMG system adopting smart textiles for EMG, with those obtained by using two “gold standard...

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2019

Sports, 2019

Athletes who merit the title ‘elite’ are rare and differ both quantitatively and qualitatively fr... more Athletes who merit the title ‘elite’ are rare and differ both quantitatively and qualitatively from athletes of lower qualifications. Serving and studying elite athletes may demand non-traditional approaches. Research involving elite athletes suffers because of the typical nomothetic requirements for large sample sizes and other statistical assumptions that do not apply to this population. Ideographic research uses single-athlete study designs, trend analyses, and statistical process control. Single-athlete designs seek to measure differences in repeated measurements under prescribed conditions, and trend analyses may permit systematic monitoring and prediction of future outcomes. Statistical process control uses control charting and other methods from management systems to assess and modify training processes in near real-time. These methods bring assessment and process control into the real world of elite athletics.

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2019

Journal of Human Kinetics, 2018

The purpose of this study was to observe and report variations in several haematological and bioc... more The purpose of this study was to observe and report variations in several haematological and biochemical markers throughout an entire athletic season in a large cohort of adolescent athletes of Arab origin. Blood samples were collected from 72 adolescent male athletes at 4 selected time points during their training season. Results expressed in relation to plasma volume were corrected accordingly and significant variations in several variables emerged. Initial uncorrected haematological results revealed that haematocrit (Hct) and mean cell volume (MCV) concentrations noticeably increased at the competitive period (T3) and before the start of the following preseason (T4), whereas reticulocytes equivalent (Ret-He) only rose at T4 phase (p < 0.01). Conversely, corrected red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) progressively decreased over the year (p < 0.001). From the electrolytes panel, sodium and chloride considerably reduced at the...

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 2017

The need to quantify aspects of training to improve training prescription has been the holy grail... more The need to quantify aspects of training to improve training prescription has been the holy grail of sport scientists and coaches for many years. Recently, there has been an increase in scientific interest, possibly due to technological advancements and better equipment to quantify training activities. Over the last few years there has been an increase in the number of studies assessing training load in various athletic cohorts with a bias toward subjective reports and/or quantifications of external load. There is an evident lack of extensive longitudinal studies employing objective internal-load measurements, possibly due to the cost-effectiveness and invasiveness of measures necessary to quantify objective internal loads. Advances in technology might help in developing better wearable tools able to ease the difficulties and costs associated with conducting longitudinal observational studies in athletic cohorts and possibly provide better information on the biological implications ...

Human movement science, Jan 6, 2017

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2006

International journal of sports physiology and performance, Jan 5, 2016

Handball is an Olympic sport played indoor by 6 court players and one goalkeeper with rolling sub... more Handball is an Olympic sport played indoor by 6 court players and one goalkeeper with rolling substitutions. Limited data exist on elite players competing in a World Championship and virtually no information exits on the evolution of time-motion performance over the course of a long tournament. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze time motion characteristics of elite male handball players of the last World Championships played in Qatar in 2015. 384 Players from 24 national teams were analyzed during 88 matches using a tracking camera system and a bespoke software (Prozone Handball V.1.2, Prozone, Leeds, UK). The average time on court (n=2505) during the World Championships for all players was 36:48 minutes (± 20:27 min). Goalkeepers, left and right wings were on court most of the playing time (GK 43.00±25:59 min; LW 42:02±21:07 min; RW 43:44±21:37 min). The total distance covered during each game (2607.5 ± 1438.4 m) consisted mostly of walking and jogging. The cumulative ...

Vibration has been increasingly sought after as new technique, due to its potential to increase m... more Vibration has been increasingly sought after as new technique, due to its potential to increase muscle strength and positively affect bone remodeling. Currently, there are many vibration devices on the market advertised for different applications, in particular in sports and rehabilitation. All the available devices have two major drawbacks; firstly, they are not sufficiently adaptive to the individual user&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s needs and secondly, they do not require any force input from the user. Our novel vibration device addresses these drawbacks with new mechanical design and bringing innovative approach to &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;how it operates&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;.

Obesity Facts, 2012

Background: Whole body vibration (WBV) has been reported to exert growth hormone(GH)-releasing ef... more Background: Whole body vibration (WBV) has been reported to exert growth hormone(GH)-releasing effects in healthy subjects. Despite the potential of WBV to positively affect body composition changes via lipolytic effects, few studies have been performed in obese subjects to date. Methods: This study evaluated the acute effects of WBV alone or in combination with squatting plus external load (WBV+S) on serum GH levels and blood lactate concentrations in 7 severely obese women (age 22 ± 5 years; BMI 39.9 ± 2.9 kg/m2). Results: WBV and WBV+S determined a significant GH increase (mean GH peaks 5.1 ± 1.9 ng/ml, p < 0.001 vs. basal, and 6.5 ± 3.7 ng/ml, p < 0.001 vs. basal, respectively), GH peaks occurring immediately after both exercise sessions. No significant differences were observed between GH peaks and GH net incremental area under the curve (nAUC) after both conditions (p = 0.39 and p = 0.53, respectively), the whole pattern of GH responsiveness being comparable among all th...

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2007

Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maint... more Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. ... Skip Navigation Links Home > May ...

Biology of …, 1998

... 2 readers Save reference to library · Related research. EFFECT OF WHOLE BODY VIBRATION ON HUM... more ... 2 readers Save reference to library · Related research. EFFECT OF WHOLE BODY VIBRATION ON HUMAN PERFORMANCE ... or sign in with Facebook. ... 3 Readers on Mendeley. by Discipline. 100% Sports and Recreation. by Academic Status. 33% Other Professional. 33% Post Doc ...

The use of vibration as a training intervention has been suggested for more than a decade. Follow... more The use of vibration as a training intervention has been suggested for more than a decade. Following the initial promising studies, a large number of investigations have been conducted to understand the acute and chronic effects of this novel training modality mainly using special ...

Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2012

Many sports require fine spatiotemporal resolution for optimal performance. Previous studies have... more Many sports require fine spatiotemporal resolution for optimal performance. Previous studies have compared anticipatory skills and the decision-making process in athletes; however, there is little information on visual skills of elite athletes, particularly hockey players. To assess visual skills of Olympic hockey players and analyze differences by playing position, and to analyze improvement of visual skills after training, 21 Olympic field hockey players were pre- and post-tested on 11 visual tasks following a 10-wk. visual training program consisting of computer-based visual exercises. There were no mean differences at pre-test between players of different positions, suggesting that performance on these visual skills was independent of playing position. However, after training, an improvement was seen in all players (when scores were averaged across all 11 visual tasks) with goalkeepers improving significantly more than any other position. This suggests the possibility of improvi...