Carlo Monaco - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Carlo Monaco

The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, Jan 21, 2018

Although several monolithic zirconia ceramics have recently been introduced, the need for improve... more Although several monolithic zirconia ceramics have recently been introduced, the need for improved optical properties remains. The newest cubic-zirconia has been claimed to have optimal translucency characteristics for esthetic restorations. This in vitro study evaluated the optical properties of novel cubic ultratranslucent (UT) and supertranslucent (ST) zirconia by comparing them with lithium disilicate (L-DIS) glass-ceramic for the manufacture of monolithic computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) molar crowns. The UT and ST multilayered zirconia and the low-translucency grade L-DIS were milled. Eighty monolithic crowns were made from 2 CAD files, corresponding to thicknesses of 1.0 and 1.5 mm, and subdivided (n=20) into 4 groups: UT1.0, UT1.5, ST1.0, and L-DIS1.5. All groups were shaded using A2 color standard. Translucency of the crowns was measured by total transmission, using a photoradiometer in a dark chamber; furthermore, the contrast ratio was anal...

The journal of adhesive dentistry, 2015

To evaluate the marginal adaptation and fracture load of composite resin onlays reinforced with d... more To evaluate the marginal adaptation and fracture load of composite resin onlays reinforced with different substructures. Thirty-two extracted, caries-free premolars were selected for this study and endodontically treated. Group 1 was used as the control group, and the teeth were restored only with as-manufactured composite resin overlays. Group 2 teeth were restored with composite resin overlays with 3 fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) layers placed horizontally on the bottom of the restoration. Group 3 teeth were restored with composite resin overlays with 6 fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) layers placed as in group 2. Group 4 teeth were restored with composite resin overlays and FRC placed with an anatomical design. All specimens underwent SEM evaluation of their marginal adaptation before and after thermocycling and cyclic mechanical loading. All specimens were then subjected to a fracture test, recording the value for the initial (IF) and final (FF) failure. Differences in the me...

Revista Internacional De Protesis Estomatologica, 2014

Revista Internacional De Odontologia Restauradora Periodoncia, 2012

The International journal of prosthodontics

This clinical study evaluated the behavior of inlay fixed partial dentures (IFPD) with convention... more This clinical study evaluated the behavior of inlay fixed partial dentures (IFPD) with conventional and modified framework designs over a period of 12 to 48 months. Forty-one glass fiber-reinforced composite IFPDs were made to replace one missing maxillary or mandibular tooth. The frameworks were made only with parallel fibers in 19 restorations (group 1) and built with parallel and woven fibers modifying the design of the pontic element in 22 IFPDs (group 2) according to the manufacturer's instructions. All restorations were evaluated by color match, marginal discoloration, secondary caries, surface texture, marginal adaptation, fracture, and postoperative sensitivity. Three partial adhesive-cohesive veneering composite fractures occurred in the pontic element in group 1 after 3, 4, and 8 months, respectively. One cohesive fracture occurred in an abutment in group 2 after 46 months. Group 1 showed a 16% fracture failure rate; group 2 showed a 5% failure rate. However, no statistical difference was detected between the groups. IFPDs received the highest score at the following rates: color match 71%, marginal discoloration 96%, secondary caries 99%, surface texture 88%, marginal adaptation 98%, fracture 90%, and postoperative sensitivity 100%. Statistical analysis indicated significant deterioration of color match from baseline to last recall. There were nonsignificantly fewer fractures of the veneering composite with the modified design of the framework than with the conventional design. Repair of the fractured veneer of IFPDs may lengthen the lifespan of the restorations, but it is advisable only for slight damage.

The International journal of prosthodontics

B oth researchers and manufacturers have introduced several post-and-core restorations with the a... more B oth researchers and manufacturers have introduced several post-and-core restorations with the aim of providing reliable systems for reconstruction of endodontically treated teeth. In spite of these efforts, it is still difficult to predict the clinical survival times of treated teeth restored with posts and cores. The prognosis is related to several factors, including the type of material used for the post and core; the shape, dimensions, and length of the post; and the kind of cement used. The major disadvantage associated with conventional cast-metal posts is vertical root fracture. Having high rigidity, metal posts appear to vibrate at high frequencies when loaded with lateral forces. The focusing of these forces in unpredictable "critical points" may determine longitudinal fractures of the root or metal corrosion 1 and consequently lead to loss of the tooth. In 1990, Duret et al 5 proposed carbon-fiber posts, among the many prefabricated fiber post-and-core systems, to reduce the failure rate. These relatively recent posts are made of equally aligned carbon fibers attached to an epoxy resin matrix and present an interesting property, anisotropic behavior. In other words, the material has different physical responses when loaded in different directions. This characteristic is of clinical relevance, as it may strongly reduce the possibility of root fracture and decementation. The objective is to create a "cement-post-core" system with homogeneous properties and physical characteristics similar to tooth tissues. To fulfill esthetic requirements, quartz-and glass-fiber posts embedded in a filled resin matrix have been developed.

The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry

The aim of the present case series article was to provide a standardized approach for the early r... more The aim of the present case series article was to provide a standardized approach for the early restorative phase after a crown-lengthening surgical procedure. Different advantages can be ascribed to this approach: the clinician can prepare a definitive prosthetic finishing line in the supragingival location; the early postsurgical temporization allows the conditioning of soft tissues, especially the interdental papillae, during their maximum growing phase; and the clinician can choose the time for the definitive prosthetic rehabilitation in a patient-specific manner according to the individual potential and duration of the soft tissue rebound. In this study, this standardized approach was applied to the treatment of two esthetic cases requiring crown-lengthening procedures.

The International journal of prosthodontics

This prospective clinical trial evaluated the clinical acceptability of a new material, ceromer, ... more This prospective clinical trial evaluated the clinical acceptability of a new material, ceromer, used for inlay and onlay restorations in single- or multisurface cavities of posterior teeth. Forty-three Targis inlay and onlay restorations were placed in 25 patients and evaluated using the United States Public Health Service criteria. The laboratory work was conducted by three dental technicians according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Twenty-five restorations were luted with Syntac bonding system and Variolink II, and 18 were luted with Scotchbond Multi Purpose and Opal Luting Composite. The recalls were done at 6, 12, and 18 months. Restorations were evaluated for six parameters and scored as ideal (A), clinically acceptable (B), or clinically unacceptable (C). Indirect restorations received, after 18 months, scores of A at the following rates: color match 77%; marginal discoloration 93%; secondary caries 100%; anatomic form 93%; and marginal integrity 95%. For these parameters, statistical analysis indicated no significant differences at baseline and after 18 months. Postoperative hypersensitivity was reported by seven patients at baseline, but it decreased and there was no hypersensitivity at 12- and 18-month follow-ups. Over an 18-month period the Targis restorative system yielded good clinical service.

Objectives: To determine the effect on the pull-out strength of threads cut into the surface of q... more Objectives: To determine the effect on the pull-out strength of threads cut into the surface of quartz fiber post cemented with three luting materials. Methods: 42 human single-rooted, crownless teeth were treated endodontically and randomly assigned to six fiber posts groups: 1) to 3) were restored with Macro-Lock#3 posts (RTD); 4) to 6) with control posts made of the same material but lacking threads (RTD). The posts were cemented 12mm deep using Panavia(Kuraray), RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE), and Fuji Plus (GC) following the manufacturer instructions. The specimens were subjected to 5000 thermal cycles at 5 and 55C and wet stored. Retentions were made on the emerging portion of the controls using a diamod bur, then a composite core was made using a mold. A pull-out stress was applied by clamping the core with an Instron machine (2mm/min speed). The pull-out strength was recorded for each group and compared (alpha=0.05). After the test, the specimens were observed under the stereomicros...

The journal of adhesive dentistry

To evaluate the fatigue resistance of the bond between dentin and glass-infiltrated alumina ceram... more To evaluate the fatigue resistance of the bond between dentin and glass-infiltrated alumina ceramic, using different luting protocols. The null hypothesis is that the fatigue resistance varies with the luting strategy. Forty blocks of In-Ceram Alumina were prepared, and one surface of each block was abraded with 110-microm aluminum oxide particles. Then, the blocks were luted to flat dentin surfaces of 40 human third molars, using 4 different luting strategies (luting system [LS]/ceramic surface conditioning [CSC]) (n=10): (G1) [LS] RelyX-Unicem/[CSC] airborne abrasion with 110-microm Al2O3 particles; (G2) [LS] One-Step + Duo-Link (bis-GMA-based resin)/[CSC] etching with 4% hydrofluoric acid + silane agent; (G3) [LS] ED-Primer + Panavia F (MDP-based resin)/[CSC] Al2O3; (G4) [LS] Scotchbond1+RelyX-ARC (bis-GMA-based resin)/[CSC] chairside tribochemical silica coating (air abrasion with 30-microm SiOx particles + silane). After 24 h of water storage at 37 degrees C, the specimens were...

The International journal of prosthodontics

The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical performance of tooth-supp... more The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical performance of tooth-supported zirconia-based fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) made by 15 members of the Italian Academy of Prosthetic Dentistry over a time period of up to 5 years. Ninety-eight patients were treated with a total of 137 zirconia-based FDPs in anterior and posterior regions using primarily chamfer or knife-edge tooth preparations. The cohort group with parafunctional habits was compared with patients without parafunctional habits according to the esthetic, functional, and biologic United States Public Health Service criteria modified by the FDI World Dental Federation. The estimated cumulative survival of all restorations was 94.70% ± 1.25% standard error (SE), whereas the estimated cumulative success decreased to 89.78% ± 2.58 SE. Mechanical failures, including three zirconia framework fractures, two hairline cracks, nine chippings, and one delamination of the ceramic veneering, were recorded duri...

The International journal of prosthodontics

The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical performance of zirconia-b... more The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical performance of zirconia-based implant-supported single crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) made by 15 members of the Italian Academy of Prosthetic Dentistry (AIOP) over a time period of up to 5 years. One hundred thirty-one patients were treated with a total of 210 zirconia-based single crowns and FDPs on implants in anterior and posterior regions. A cohort group with parafunctional habits was compared with patients without parafunctional habits according to the esthetic, functional, and biologic United States Public Health Service criteria modified by the FDI World Dental Federation. The estimated cumulative survival (ECS) and standard error (SE) of all restorations on implants was 91.95% ± 1.39%, and the estimated cumulative success (ECSs) and SE was 88.37% ± 1.72%. The ECS of single crowns and FDPs was 91.25% ± 3.69% and 95.23% ± 2.28%, respectively, and the estimated cumulative success rates were 88.84...

Objective: To evaluate conversion degree (DC) and micro-hardness (MH) of a dual- and a light-curi... more Objective: To evaluate conversion degree (DC) and micro-hardness (MH) of a dual- and a light-curing cement under lithium disilicate of different thickness. The null hypothesis is that (1) thickness influence resin cement curing and (2) dual-cements reach higher DC Method: 60 Lithium Disilicate (E-Max CAD) discs 2cm of diameter, A2 shade LT were prepared and divided into three groups (n=20) according to the thickness: A 0.6 mm; B 1mm; C 1.5mm. Each group wasdivided into two subgroups (n=10) according to the resin cement employed: 1, NX3 dual cement (Kerr); 2 Choice2 light-curing cement (Bisco). A single surface of all samples was treated with 4% phosphoric acid, silane and etch-and-rinse (Optibond FL) adhesive. DC was evaluated with ATR FT-IR spectrophotometer: a 0.2mm cement layer was applied, and samples were placed on the FT-IR light beam. Curing was performed with a multiLED polywave lamp (Valo) for 60sec at 1700mW/cm2 with the lamp in slight contact with the opposite surface tow...

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fatigue resistance to cycling loading of... more Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fatigue resistance to cycling loading of teeth restored with fiber post and different build-up systems. Methods: Forty human, sound single-rooted teeth were selected and stored in 0.02% thymol solution. The crowns were removed by cutting the teeth at the cement-enamel junction, thereafter endodontic treatment was performed using the vertical condensation technique. The roots were partially embedded in epoxy resin and randomly assigned to four groups. The specimens were restored with the same type of quartz fiber posts (DT Light Post, RTD, Grenoble, France), but different cements and build-up systems were used: 1)All-Bond2+C&B Cement+Bis-Core (Bisco, USA); 2)All-Bond2+Bisfil 2B; 3) Scotchbond1+RelyX Unicem+Supreme(3M ESPE, Germany); 4)Scotchbond1+RelyX ARC+Supreme. The restored teeth were subjected to 2millions fatigue cycles ranging from 3 to 100N, under 37±3°C water irrigation applying the force on the build-up with a 45° ang...

INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism acting at the interfaces between... more INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism acting at the interfaces between Y-TZP LAVA and veneering ceramics LAVA Ceram. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten specimens of pre-sintered zirconia material were obtained by cutting two standard blocks (LAVA) using a low-speed diamond disc (MDS100, Norton, USA) in a special device. After sinterization of a LAVA block, LAVA Ceram was sintered on the zirconia material. The microstructure of the surface and the interfaces between the two ceramics was analysed by using a scanning electron microscope (Zeiss EVO 40; Karl Zeiss Corp, Germany) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyser (EDS, Inca; Oxford Instruments, United Kingdom), after gold sputtering. RESULTS: Different punctual micro-analysis was conducted in the contact area zirconia-veneering ceramics. The EDS spectrum corresponding to the interface area presents large amount of zirconia and the elements, characteristics of the veneering materials. CONCLUSION: it's...

The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, Jan 21, 2018

Although several monolithic zirconia ceramics have recently been introduced, the need for improve... more Although several monolithic zirconia ceramics have recently been introduced, the need for improved optical properties remains. The newest cubic-zirconia has been claimed to have optimal translucency characteristics for esthetic restorations. This in vitro study evaluated the optical properties of novel cubic ultratranslucent (UT) and supertranslucent (ST) zirconia by comparing them with lithium disilicate (L-DIS) glass-ceramic for the manufacture of monolithic computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) molar crowns. The UT and ST multilayered zirconia and the low-translucency grade L-DIS were milled. Eighty monolithic crowns were made from 2 CAD files, corresponding to thicknesses of 1.0 and 1.5 mm, and subdivided (n=20) into 4 groups: UT1.0, UT1.5, ST1.0, and L-DIS1.5. All groups were shaded using A2 color standard. Translucency of the crowns was measured by total transmission, using a photoradiometer in a dark chamber; furthermore, the contrast ratio was anal...

The journal of adhesive dentistry, 2015

To evaluate the marginal adaptation and fracture load of composite resin onlays reinforced with d... more To evaluate the marginal adaptation and fracture load of composite resin onlays reinforced with different substructures. Thirty-two extracted, caries-free premolars were selected for this study and endodontically treated. Group 1 was used as the control group, and the teeth were restored only with as-manufactured composite resin overlays. Group 2 teeth were restored with composite resin overlays with 3 fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) layers placed horizontally on the bottom of the restoration. Group 3 teeth were restored with composite resin overlays with 6 fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) layers placed as in group 2. Group 4 teeth were restored with composite resin overlays and FRC placed with an anatomical design. All specimens underwent SEM evaluation of their marginal adaptation before and after thermocycling and cyclic mechanical loading. All specimens were then subjected to a fracture test, recording the value for the initial (IF) and final (FF) failure. Differences in the me...

Revista Internacional De Protesis Estomatologica, 2014

Revista Internacional De Odontologia Restauradora Periodoncia, 2012

The International journal of prosthodontics

This clinical study evaluated the behavior of inlay fixed partial dentures (IFPD) with convention... more This clinical study evaluated the behavior of inlay fixed partial dentures (IFPD) with conventional and modified framework designs over a period of 12 to 48 months. Forty-one glass fiber-reinforced composite IFPDs were made to replace one missing maxillary or mandibular tooth. The frameworks were made only with parallel fibers in 19 restorations (group 1) and built with parallel and woven fibers modifying the design of the pontic element in 22 IFPDs (group 2) according to the manufacturer's instructions. All restorations were evaluated by color match, marginal discoloration, secondary caries, surface texture, marginal adaptation, fracture, and postoperative sensitivity. Three partial adhesive-cohesive veneering composite fractures occurred in the pontic element in group 1 after 3, 4, and 8 months, respectively. One cohesive fracture occurred in an abutment in group 2 after 46 months. Group 1 showed a 16% fracture failure rate; group 2 showed a 5% failure rate. However, no statistical difference was detected between the groups. IFPDs received the highest score at the following rates: color match 71%, marginal discoloration 96%, secondary caries 99%, surface texture 88%, marginal adaptation 98%, fracture 90%, and postoperative sensitivity 100%. Statistical analysis indicated significant deterioration of color match from baseline to last recall. There were nonsignificantly fewer fractures of the veneering composite with the modified design of the framework than with the conventional design. Repair of the fractured veneer of IFPDs may lengthen the lifespan of the restorations, but it is advisable only for slight damage.

The International journal of prosthodontics

B oth researchers and manufacturers have introduced several post-and-core restorations with the a... more B oth researchers and manufacturers have introduced several post-and-core restorations with the aim of providing reliable systems for reconstruction of endodontically treated teeth. In spite of these efforts, it is still difficult to predict the clinical survival times of treated teeth restored with posts and cores. The prognosis is related to several factors, including the type of material used for the post and core; the shape, dimensions, and length of the post; and the kind of cement used. The major disadvantage associated with conventional cast-metal posts is vertical root fracture. Having high rigidity, metal posts appear to vibrate at high frequencies when loaded with lateral forces. The focusing of these forces in unpredictable "critical points" may determine longitudinal fractures of the root or metal corrosion 1 and consequently lead to loss of the tooth. In 1990, Duret et al 5 proposed carbon-fiber posts, among the many prefabricated fiber post-and-core systems, to reduce the failure rate. These relatively recent posts are made of equally aligned carbon fibers attached to an epoxy resin matrix and present an interesting property, anisotropic behavior. In other words, the material has different physical responses when loaded in different directions. This characteristic is of clinical relevance, as it may strongly reduce the possibility of root fracture and decementation. The objective is to create a "cement-post-core" system with homogeneous properties and physical characteristics similar to tooth tissues. To fulfill esthetic requirements, quartz-and glass-fiber posts embedded in a filled resin matrix have been developed.

The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry

The aim of the present case series article was to provide a standardized approach for the early r... more The aim of the present case series article was to provide a standardized approach for the early restorative phase after a crown-lengthening surgical procedure. Different advantages can be ascribed to this approach: the clinician can prepare a definitive prosthetic finishing line in the supragingival location; the early postsurgical temporization allows the conditioning of soft tissues, especially the interdental papillae, during their maximum growing phase; and the clinician can choose the time for the definitive prosthetic rehabilitation in a patient-specific manner according to the individual potential and duration of the soft tissue rebound. In this study, this standardized approach was applied to the treatment of two esthetic cases requiring crown-lengthening procedures.

The International journal of prosthodontics

This prospective clinical trial evaluated the clinical acceptability of a new material, ceromer, ... more This prospective clinical trial evaluated the clinical acceptability of a new material, ceromer, used for inlay and onlay restorations in single- or multisurface cavities of posterior teeth. Forty-three Targis inlay and onlay restorations were placed in 25 patients and evaluated using the United States Public Health Service criteria. The laboratory work was conducted by three dental technicians according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Twenty-five restorations were luted with Syntac bonding system and Variolink II, and 18 were luted with Scotchbond Multi Purpose and Opal Luting Composite. The recalls were done at 6, 12, and 18 months. Restorations were evaluated for six parameters and scored as ideal (A), clinically acceptable (B), or clinically unacceptable (C). Indirect restorations received, after 18 months, scores of A at the following rates: color match 77%; marginal discoloration 93%; secondary caries 100%; anatomic form 93%; and marginal integrity 95%. For these parameters, statistical analysis indicated no significant differences at baseline and after 18 months. Postoperative hypersensitivity was reported by seven patients at baseline, but it decreased and there was no hypersensitivity at 12- and 18-month follow-ups. Over an 18-month period the Targis restorative system yielded good clinical service.

Objectives: To determine the effect on the pull-out strength of threads cut into the surface of q... more Objectives: To determine the effect on the pull-out strength of threads cut into the surface of quartz fiber post cemented with three luting materials. Methods: 42 human single-rooted, crownless teeth were treated endodontically and randomly assigned to six fiber posts groups: 1) to 3) were restored with Macro-Lock#3 posts (RTD); 4) to 6) with control posts made of the same material but lacking threads (RTD). The posts were cemented 12mm deep using Panavia(Kuraray), RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE), and Fuji Plus (GC) following the manufacturer instructions. The specimens were subjected to 5000 thermal cycles at 5 and 55C and wet stored. Retentions were made on the emerging portion of the controls using a diamod bur, then a composite core was made using a mold. A pull-out stress was applied by clamping the core with an Instron machine (2mm/min speed). The pull-out strength was recorded for each group and compared (alpha=0.05). After the test, the specimens were observed under the stereomicros...

The journal of adhesive dentistry

To evaluate the fatigue resistance of the bond between dentin and glass-infiltrated alumina ceram... more To evaluate the fatigue resistance of the bond between dentin and glass-infiltrated alumina ceramic, using different luting protocols. The null hypothesis is that the fatigue resistance varies with the luting strategy. Forty blocks of In-Ceram Alumina were prepared, and one surface of each block was abraded with 110-microm aluminum oxide particles. Then, the blocks were luted to flat dentin surfaces of 40 human third molars, using 4 different luting strategies (luting system [LS]/ceramic surface conditioning [CSC]) (n=10): (G1) [LS] RelyX-Unicem/[CSC] airborne abrasion with 110-microm Al2O3 particles; (G2) [LS] One-Step + Duo-Link (bis-GMA-based resin)/[CSC] etching with 4% hydrofluoric acid + silane agent; (G3) [LS] ED-Primer + Panavia F (MDP-based resin)/[CSC] Al2O3; (G4) [LS] Scotchbond1+RelyX-ARC (bis-GMA-based resin)/[CSC] chairside tribochemical silica coating (air abrasion with 30-microm SiOx particles + silane). After 24 h of water storage at 37 degrees C, the specimens were...

The International journal of prosthodontics

The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical performance of tooth-supp... more The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical performance of tooth-supported zirconia-based fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) made by 15 members of the Italian Academy of Prosthetic Dentistry over a time period of up to 5 years. Ninety-eight patients were treated with a total of 137 zirconia-based FDPs in anterior and posterior regions using primarily chamfer or knife-edge tooth preparations. The cohort group with parafunctional habits was compared with patients without parafunctional habits according to the esthetic, functional, and biologic United States Public Health Service criteria modified by the FDI World Dental Federation. The estimated cumulative survival of all restorations was 94.70% ± 1.25% standard error (SE), whereas the estimated cumulative success decreased to 89.78% ± 2.58 SE. Mechanical failures, including three zirconia framework fractures, two hairline cracks, nine chippings, and one delamination of the ceramic veneering, were recorded duri...

The International journal of prosthodontics

The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical performance of zirconia-b... more The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical performance of zirconia-based implant-supported single crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) made by 15 members of the Italian Academy of Prosthetic Dentistry (AIOP) over a time period of up to 5 years. One hundred thirty-one patients were treated with a total of 210 zirconia-based single crowns and FDPs on implants in anterior and posterior regions. A cohort group with parafunctional habits was compared with patients without parafunctional habits according to the esthetic, functional, and biologic United States Public Health Service criteria modified by the FDI World Dental Federation. The estimated cumulative survival (ECS) and standard error (SE) of all restorations on implants was 91.95% ± 1.39%, and the estimated cumulative success (ECSs) and SE was 88.37% ± 1.72%. The ECS of single crowns and FDPs was 91.25% ± 3.69% and 95.23% ± 2.28%, respectively, and the estimated cumulative success rates were 88.84...

Objective: To evaluate conversion degree (DC) and micro-hardness (MH) of a dual- and a light-curi... more Objective: To evaluate conversion degree (DC) and micro-hardness (MH) of a dual- and a light-curing cement under lithium disilicate of different thickness. The null hypothesis is that (1) thickness influence resin cement curing and (2) dual-cements reach higher DC Method: 60 Lithium Disilicate (E-Max CAD) discs 2cm of diameter, A2 shade LT were prepared and divided into three groups (n=20) according to the thickness: A 0.6 mm; B 1mm; C 1.5mm. Each group wasdivided into two subgroups (n=10) according to the resin cement employed: 1, NX3 dual cement (Kerr); 2 Choice2 light-curing cement (Bisco). A single surface of all samples was treated with 4% phosphoric acid, silane and etch-and-rinse (Optibond FL) adhesive. DC was evaluated with ATR FT-IR spectrophotometer: a 0.2mm cement layer was applied, and samples were placed on the FT-IR light beam. Curing was performed with a multiLED polywave lamp (Valo) for 60sec at 1700mW/cm2 with the lamp in slight contact with the opposite surface tow...

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fatigue resistance to cycling loading of... more Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fatigue resistance to cycling loading of teeth restored with fiber post and different build-up systems. Methods: Forty human, sound single-rooted teeth were selected and stored in 0.02% thymol solution. The crowns were removed by cutting the teeth at the cement-enamel junction, thereafter endodontic treatment was performed using the vertical condensation technique. The roots were partially embedded in epoxy resin and randomly assigned to four groups. The specimens were restored with the same type of quartz fiber posts (DT Light Post, RTD, Grenoble, France), but different cements and build-up systems were used: 1)All-Bond2+C&B Cement+Bis-Core (Bisco, USA); 2)All-Bond2+Bisfil 2B; 3) Scotchbond1+RelyX Unicem+Supreme(3M ESPE, Germany); 4)Scotchbond1+RelyX ARC+Supreme. The restored teeth were subjected to 2millions fatigue cycles ranging from 3 to 100N, under 37±3°C water irrigation applying the force on the build-up with a 45° ang...

INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism acting at the interfaces between... more INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism acting at the interfaces between Y-TZP LAVA and veneering ceramics LAVA Ceram. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten specimens of pre-sintered zirconia material were obtained by cutting two standard blocks (LAVA) using a low-speed diamond disc (MDS100, Norton, USA) in a special device. After sinterization of a LAVA block, LAVA Ceram was sintered on the zirconia material. The microstructure of the surface and the interfaces between the two ceramics was analysed by using a scanning electron microscope (Zeiss EVO 40; Karl Zeiss Corp, Germany) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyser (EDS, Inca; Oxford Instruments, United Kingdom), after gold sputtering. RESULTS: Different punctual micro-analysis was conducted in the contact area zirconia-veneering ceramics. The EDS spectrum corresponding to the interface area presents large amount of zirconia and the elements, characteristics of the veneering materials. CONCLUSION: it's...